JPH0148681B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a functional component for microwaves, and more specifically, to a functional component for microwaves in the GHz band.

A conventional microwave functional component, for example, a GHz band microwave diode switch, is normally constructed as shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, the center conductor of the coaxial input section 10 is connected to a conductor strip 14 formed on the surface of an insulating substrate 12 whose entire back surface is covered with a ground conductor, and is connected to the conductor strip 14 via capacitors C, C. The branch conductor strips 16 and 18, which are coupled together, extend in a bent manner to the center conductors of the coaxial output sections 20 and 22, and are connected via a capacitor C. These branch conductor strips 16 and 18 are connected to switch control lines 24 and 26 via inductances L and L, respectively, and are further connected to the ground conductor on the back side of the insulating substrate by diodes D every λ/4. . The entire device is housed in a metal case 28. The circuit diagram of the microwave diode switch shown in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 1A.

As described above, the microwave diode switch becomes a distributed constant circuit having a microstripline structure. Therefore, the spacing between the branch portions and diodes must be set to λ/4, resulting in a large size and high price. This problem is not limited to microwave diode switches.
This is an unavoidable problem common to microwave functional components in the form of distributed constant circuits with a microstripline structure.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, functional components used for lower frequencies are arranged on one side of a printed circuit board 30 with a circuit pattern printed on one side. It is configured as a lumped constant circuit. Since this is a lumped constant circuit, it can be made at low cost and miniaturized.
In particular, it could not be used for microwaves in the GHz band.

Therefore, the present invention has no choice but to adopt a distributed constant circuit format having a microstripline structure. The purpose of this invention is to solve the disadvantages of large size and high price of functional parts for microwaves, and to provide functional parts for microwaves that can be made small and inexpensive.

In order to achieve this purpose, the inventor of the present invention focused on the characteristics of lumped constant circuits that can be made smaller and are inexpensive, and devised a unique device to make lumped constant circuits applicable to microwaves in the GHz band. . In other words, the reason why lumped constant circuits cannot be used for microwaves in the GHz band is that when used for microwaves, impedance matching cannot be achieved at each part, and because the wavelength is short, the circuit cannot be used for wavelengths of 1/4 wavelength or more. This is thought to be because the electric potential of each part of the ground conductor differs depending on the distance from the ground terminal of the input terminal part due to the wave propagation.
Therefore, we covered the entire back side of the insulating board with a grounding conductor.
A signal conductor is placed on the surface to form a microstrip line, and a ground conductor is also placed on the surface.
A circuit element is connected between the ground conductor and the signal conductor on the surface. Furthermore, the grounding conductor on the front surface and the grounding conductor on the back surface are electrically connected over a wide area at the edge of the insulating board, so that the grounding conductor on the surface of the insulating board can be connected anywhere regardless of the distance from the grounding terminal of the input terminal section. Make sure they are at the same potential. In this way, impedance matching can be achieved due to the microstrip shape even if the circuit elements are not arranged every λ/4 but in a concentrated manner. Since the ground potentials of all the circuit elements are the same, it is possible to prevent reflections from occurring due to non-uniformity of the ground potentials of the circuit elements.

That is, according to the present invention, an insulating substrate is provided with a ground conductor so as to cover almost the entire surface of one surface, and a plurality of signal conductors and a ground conductor are provided on the other surface, and the ground conductor is electrically connected to the ground conductor. A parallel two-wire input terminal section is provided on the edge of an insulating board and is configured by a pair of a connected ground terminal and a signal terminal electrically connected to one of the signal conductors, and Connected ground terminal and another one of the signal conductors
A parallel two-wire output terminal section is formed by a pair of signal terminals electrically connected to the insulating substrate, and is provided on the edge of the insulating substrate. A plurality of circuit elements to be connected to the ground conductor, a ground conductor on one side of the insulated substrate and a ground conductor on the other side at the edge of the insulated substrate, and the ground terminal of the input terminal section and the ground terminal of the output terminal section. A functional component for microwaves is provided, characterized in that it includes a ground conductor connecting conductor that is electrically connected over a wide range from a position close to each of the ground terminals of the microwave.

In such microwave functional components, various elements such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, and transistors are appropriately used as circuit elements, and the number, position, and shape of signal conductors from input to output are controlled. By choosing appropriately,
The microwave functional components can be configured into various microwave unit components such as switches, distributors, attenuators, couplers, isolators, and circulators.

In a preferred embodiment according to the invention, the ground conductor connecting conductor is provided at least on the edge where the input terminal part is provided and the edge where the output terminal part is provided, in which case the ground conductor connecting conductor is provided on the edge where the input terminal part is provided and the edge where the output terminal part is provided. may be arranged on opposite edges.

Embodiments of the microwave functional component according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a switch device for 900 Mz according to the present invention, and FIG. 3A is a circuit diagram thereof. The insulating substrate 40 is entirely covered with a ground conductor (not shown) except for the terminal mounting portion on the back surface thereof. As shown in the figure, the surface of the board 40 is provided with ground conductors 42a, 42b, and a signal conductor 44.
a, 44b, 44c, 44d, 44e, 44f,
44g, 44h, and control conductors 46a, 46b are provided. The input signal terminal 48a is connected to the signal conductor 44a, and the input ground terminal 48b is connected to the ground conductor 42, each of which is fixed to the edge of the board, forming a parallel two-wire type input terminal section. Further, the first output signal terminal 50a and the first output ground terminal 50b are connected to the signal conductor 44g and the ground conductor 42.
b and constitute a first parallel two-wire output terminal section, and further connected to a second output signal terminal 52a.
and the second output ground terminal 52b are the signal conductor 44e.
and the ground conductor 42b, respectively, and the second
The control terminal 54 constitutes a parallel two-wire output terminal section.
are connected to the control conductor 46a and are each fixed to the edge of the substrate 40. Then, diodes D ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ , resistance R, inductors L ₁ , L ₂ ,
L ₃ , L ₄ , capacitor C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , C ₄ , C ₅ , C ₆ ,
_C7 are connected as shown in FIG. 3 to form the circuit of FIG. 3A. Furthermore, the ground conductor 42
a and 42b are the edges of the board where the input terminal section and the output terminal section are located, and the input ground terminal 48b of the input terminal section
and output ground terminals 50b, 52b of the output terminal section
connection conductors 56a,
56b, it is extensively connected to the ground conductor on the back side. In this case, connecting conductors may also be arranged on other edges.

With the above configuration, the ground conductors 42a, 42
b is at the same ground potential everywhere. Therefore, 1
No reflections or changes in impedance occur in the elements due to the ground potential of one element being different from the ground potential of another element. Therefore, impedance matching can be effectively achieved by the microstripline structure of the signal conductor. Therefore, the control terminal 54
When a voltage is applied to the control terminal 54, the microwave supplied to the input terminal is outputted to the output 1, and when the voltage applied to the control terminal 54 is removed, the input microwave is outputted from the output 2, so that the illustrated switch is functional. do. The VSWR at that time was the same as that of the conventional switch shown in Figure 1.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a 1 GHz band distributor according to the present invention, and FIG. 4A is a circuit diagram thereof. As in the case of FIG. 3, the insulating substrate 60 is provided with a ground conductor (not shown) that covers the entire back surface except for the terminal mounting portion. And the board 60
As shown in the figure, there are ground conductors 62a, 62 on the surface of
b, signal conductors 64a, 64b, 64c, 64d,
64e, 64f, 64g, 64h, and 64i are provided. The input signal terminal 66a is connected to the signal conductor 64a, and the input ground terminal 66b is connected to the ground conductor 62, each of which is fixed to the edge of the substrate 60, forming a parallel two-wire type input terminal section. Further, the first output signal terminal 68a and the second
The output signal terminal 70a is connected to the signal conductors 64f and 64h.
The first output ground terminal 68b and the second output ground terminal 70b are connected to the ground conductor 62b, and are each fixed at the edge of the board 60. A second parallel two-wire type output terminal section is configured. Furthermore, capacitors C ₁₀ , C ₁₁ , C ₁₂ , C ₁₃ , C ₁₄ , C ₁₅ ,
C ₁₆ and inductors L ₁₀ and L ₁₁ are connected as shown in FIG. 4 to form the circuit of FIG. 4A. Furthermore, the ground conductors 62a and 62b are provided at the edge of the board where the input terminal and the output terminal are located, and in close proximity to the input ground terminal 66b of the input terminal section and the output ground terminals 68b and 70b of the output terminal section, respectively. The conductors 72a and 72b are connected over a wide area to the ground conductor on the back surface.

In the distributor configured in this way, the ground conductors 62a and 62b are at the same ground potential everywhere. Therefore, impedance matching can be effectively achieved by the microstripline structure of the signal conductor, and input microwaves can be distributed to output 1 and output 2 with a sufficiently low VSWR.

Although two embodiments of a microwave switch and a microwave distributor have been described above, the microwave functional components according to the present invention are not limited to these, but include attenuators,
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that it can also be implemented as components such as couplers, isolators, circulators, etc.

Since the microwave functional component of the present invention has an input terminal section and an output terminal section of a parallel two-wire type, it can be easily connected to other microwave functional components on the same board. The grounding conductors on the front and back sides of the board are electrically connected over a wide range by the grounding conductor connecting conductor placed close to the input grounding terminal of the section and the output grounding terminal of the output terminal section. However, the input/output section can be completely grounded, and sufficient impedance matching can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a conventional microwave diode switch device, FIG. 1A is its circuit diagram, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a conventional printed board type functional component, and FIG. FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a microwave switch according to the invention, FIG. 3A is a circuit diagram thereof, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a distributor according to the invention, and FIG.
Figure A is its circuit diagram. 10... Coaxial input section, 12... Insulating board, 14
... Conductor strip, 16, 18 ... Branch conductor strip, 20, 22 ... Coaxial output section, 24, 2
6... Control line, 28... Case, 30... Printed circuit board, 32, 34, 36... Circuit element, 4
0,60...Substrate, 42a, 42b, 62a, 6
2b...Grounding conductor, 44a to 44h, 64a to 6
4i...Signal conductor, 46a, 46b...Control conductor, 48a, 66a...Input signal terminal, 50a,
52a, 68a, 70a...output signal terminal, 48
b, 50b, 52b, 66b, 68b, 70b...
...Ground terminal, 54...Control terminal, 56a, 56
b, 72a, 72b... connection conductor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An insulated substrate with a ground conductor provided so as to cover almost the entirety of one surface and a plurality of signal conductors and a ground conductor provided on the other surface, and a ground terminal electrically connected to the ground conductor and a signal conductor. A parallel two-wire input terminal section is provided on the edge of the insulating board and is configured by a pair of signal terminals electrically connected to one of the conductors, and a ground terminal and signal terminal electrically connected to the ground conductor. A parallel two-wire output terminal part configured by a pair of signal terminals electrically connected to another one of the conductors and provided on the edge of the insulating board, and a signal conductor on the other side of the insulating board. A plurality of circuit elements that connect between the signal conductor and the ground conductor, and a ground conductor on one side of the insulating substrate and a ground conductor on the other side at the edge of the insulated substrate and a ground terminal in the input terminal section. and a ground conductor connecting conductor that is electrically connected over a wide range from a position close to each of the ground terminals of the output terminal portion.