JPH01596A - Keyboard device for keyboard instruments - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a keyboard device for a keyboard musical instrument that absorbs and alleviates the impact caused by the return operation of a key, thereby preventing bouncing and noise.

[Conventional technology]

A keyboard device for a keyboard instrument such as a piano has a key arranged on the keyboard so that it can swing vertically with the middle part as a rotational fulcrum, and when the key is pressed, a sea action is driven. It is something to do.

[Issues that the base is trying to solve]

By the way, in conventional keyboard devices, the rear end of the key is usually supported by a bank rail cross placed on the upper rear surface of the reed, and the padded cross absorbs and alleviates the impact and noise caused by the key being returned to its original position. However, it is not possible to soften the hardness (if it is too soft, the weight of the key will change the time and the amount of hardness of the key will change).
It cannot completely absorb the impact and noise, so the bouncing and falling sound and vibration are transmitted to the shelf board, making the performance itself uncomfortable. In addition, when the player bounces, vibrations are transmitted to the fingers, which adversely affects the touch of the keys, reduces the ability to repeatedly hit the keys, and furthermore causes failure to stop sounds during staccato playing, which significantly reduces the performance performance itself.

For example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 59-24076 is known to solve this problem, but since it uses a cushioning member such as felt, it has the disadvantage of causing deterioration over time.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a keyboard device for a keyboard instrument that can effectively absorb the sound of falling keys during key pressing operations, the falling photography, etc., with a simple configuration. This is the purpose.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a key that is rotatably supported and whose rear end is biased downward when the key is not pressed, and an air damper provided at the rear end of the key. The air damper receives the key which rotates back to the initial position after the key is pressed, absorbs its kinetic energy, and discharges it to the outside from the air damper.

[Function] In the keyboard device of the keyboard instrument according to the present invention, the rear end of the key, which is rotated and returned by the key press operation device, is stopped by an air damper,
The key is configured to absorb and reduce impact, and the key continues to return while receiving a braking force from the air damper, and is locked at the initial position by the locking means. At this time, the air inside the air damper is replenished from the outside by pressing the key, and when the key returns to rotation and makes contact, it is compressed and flows out through the constricted flow path. . The air damper then transmits the force caused by the pressure increase to the key as the main reaction force, thereby damping the key. Furthermore, a significant amount of the kinetic energy of the key is discarded to the outside, such as the atmosphere, as kinetic energy of the fluid flowing out from within the damper and thermal energy resulting from friction and viscosity of the fluid.

Therefore, the kinetic energy of the key is effectively absorbed by the air damper and discarded to the outside (other than the key and the air damper) together with the outflowing air, and the energy absorbed by the air damper is less likely to be returned to the key.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a first embodiment of a keyboard device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an air damper. In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a shelf board of a piano. A keyboard reed 2 and an air damper 3 are placed and fixed on this shelf board 1, and furthermore, a key 4 is disposed on the shelf board 1 so as to be able to swing freely in the vertical direction. ing.

The keyboard reto 2 is composed of a front 5, a boshin 6, a keyboard tsuma T connecting the front 5 and the second year 6, etc., and a Niha oval key pin 8 on the front 5 and a second oval key pin 8 on the second year 8. is balance key bin 9
has been planted.

The key 4 is held in a sector-shaped elongated hole 10 formed in the middle thereof, through which the balance key bin 9 is inserted, so that it can swing freely in the vertical direction with the balance key bin 9 as a fulcrum. By engaging the oval keybin 8 in the longitudinally elongated recess 11, rotation in the left-right direction is prevented from being restricted. A capstan 12 is installed on the upper surface of the rear end of the key 4, and since an action mechanism (not shown) is constantly applied as a load to the key 4 via the capstan 12, the key 4 is not pressed when the key is not played. The front end of the air damper 4 is raised above the handle 5 as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1, and the rear end is pressed against the air damper 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, the air damper 3 includes a housing 15 whose upper surface is open and fixed on the shelf board 1, and a cylindrical sleeve 16 with a bottom that opens upward and is disposed inside the housing 15. , a plunger 17 disposed slidably in the vertical direction within this sleeve 16, and a plunger 17 which is also arranged in the sleeve 1
a spring 18 disposed inside the sleeve 1T that urges the plunger 17 upward; and a stopper plate 1 that covers the upper end opening of the sleeve 16 and prevents the plunger 1T from coming off upwards.
9, a cushion member 20 such as felt disposed on the upper surface of the large diameter portion 17A of the plunger 170, and a cushion member 21 such as felt disposed on the inner bottom surface of the sleeve 16. The housing 15 is commonly used for the air dampers of all the keys 4, so it extends long in the left and right direction of the shelf board 1, and the sleeves 16 are arranged in this housing 15 in correspondence with each key. There is. Sleeve 16
An appropriate gap is formed between the lower surface 16a of the housing 15 and the inner bottom surface of the housing 15, and a minute air hole having a hole diameter of about 0.5 mm = 0.6 mm is formed in the center of the lower surface 1 (ia). 23 is formed.

The plunger 1T includes the aforementioned large diameter portion 17A and a small diameter portion 17B that is integrally provided at the center of the upper surface of the large diameter portion 17A and projects upwardly from the center hole 24 of the stopper plate 19.
The outer periphery of the large diameter portion 17A and the sleeve 16
A small gap A of about 0.03 mm to 0.05 mm is provided between the sleeve 16 and the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 16, which prevents the air inside the sleeve 16 from escaping upward when the key 4 returns. There is.

Further, a cushion member 27 made of felt or the like is adhered to the upper end surface of the small diameter portion 17B, which abuts the lower surface of the rear end of the key 4. In order to reduce the air damper 3TV noise, it is recommended that the sliding portion of the blank be coated with lubricant, or coated with Teflon (trade name) or the like as a lubricant.

Next, the operation of the air damper 3 in the above configuration will be explained.

The rear end of the key 4 normally descends from the front end due to the weight of the key 4 itself and the weight of the action mechanism, and the plunger 11
is pressed down against the spring 18 and comes into contact with the stopper plate 19 as shown by the chain line in FIG. In this state #! When the front end of the key 4 is pressed down with a finger, the key 4 is rotated by a small angle clockwise in FIG. 19 years old. At the same time, the plunger 1γ rises due to the elastic force of the spring 18,
A cushion member 20 is pressed against the lower surface of the stopper plate 18.

Next, when the external force is removed from the key 4, the key 4 has its own
The plunger 1T is rotated and returned by the weight of the action mechanism, and the plunger 1T is pushed down at the rear end against the force of the spring. At this time, some of the air in the sleeve 16 is discharged into the shuffling 15 through the air hole 23, but this air hole 23 is sufficiently small, so the flow velocity of the discharged air is high, and the key is the kinetic energy of the outflowing fluid. Kinetic energy is briefly absorbed. In addition, due to the fluid viscous resistance when air passes through the hole 23, the sudden return of rotation of the key 4 is braked in proportion to the speed, and the cushion member 2
7 to prevent the generation of power and noise. In addition,
The energy absorbed by the air damper 3 is discarded to the outside such as the atmosphere, and the amount of absorbed energy returned to the key 4 is small. Therefore, the returning operation of the key 4 is stable and reliable, and rapid repeated hitting is possible, and unnecessary vibrations are not transmitted to the fingers, so a good key touch feeling can be obtained. Also, if the key 4 does not bow, there will be no gap between the capstan 12 and the wipe heel of the action mechanism, and the action mechanism will not move when the key 4
It is possible to accurately follow the movement of the player, and it is possible to prevent the problem of stopping the sound, which is particularly likely to occur when playing a staccato style.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an air damper showing a second embodiment of the invention. The point of this embodiment is that a ring-shaped cushion rod material 3° is placed and fixed on the top surface of the stopper plate 19.
The only difference is that the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is the same in all other respects.

In such a configuration, since the cushion member 30 does not receive the rear end of the key 4 when it rotates back, it has the advantage that it is possible to further prevent a drop impact and the generation of noise.

FIGS. 4(11), (b), and (c) are sectional views of an air damper showing a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. A gap A of approximately 0.1 mm = 0.2 mm is provided between the circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the large diameter part of the plunger 1T to allow air to pass, and the kinetic energy and fluid viscous resistance of the air passing through this gap A are The return of rotation of the key 4 is damped to soften the impact of the fall, thereby preventing the occurrence of banding and falling noise. In the figure (C), an air hole 23 is formed, one end of which opens in the lower surface of the large diameter portion 17A of the plunger 170, and the other end opens in the upper peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 17B.

In this case, it is of course possible to arrange the sleeve 1B directly on the shelf board 1 and provide the housing 15 shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIGS. In addition, in the configuration shown in FIG. 2(C), both end openings of the air hole 23 are
It may be opened on the upper and lower surfaces of the large diameter portion 17A.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an air damper showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) are a plan view and a sectional view of a check valve. In this embodiment, the circumferential surface of the sleeve 1B is
．． An air hole 23 having a hole diameter of about 5 to 0.6 mm is formed, and a hole 35 having a hole diameter of about 1 to 2 mm is formed on the bottom surface.
A check valve 36 is provided on the inner bottom surface of the sleeve 16 in correspondence with the hole 35. The check valve 36 is formed of a rubber sheet or the like, and has a tongue piece 38 in its center that can be elastically deformed by forming a substantially C-shaped groove 37, and this tongue piece 38 normally closes the hole 35.
When the plunger 11 is pushed up by the force of the spring 18 in response to a key depression operation, the tongue piece 3B is elastically deformed upward to open the hole 35, thereby opening the plunger 17.
This is to speed up the return to an upward trend.

That is, when the plunger 1γ starts to rise due to the force of the spring 18, the sleeve 1
The pressure inside the sleeve 16 momentarily becomes negative pressure and brakes the plunger 11, but the tongue piece 38 is elastically deformed by the negative pressure at this time, opening the hole 35, and quickly converting the negative pressure inside the sleeve 16 to atmospheric pressure. To return the plunger 1″T, the force of the spring 18 allows the plunger 1″T to smoothly rise and return.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an air damper showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applied to a player piano in which a solenoid 40 is disposed between the rear end of the key 4 and a shelf board, and this solenoid 40 drives fR4. The yoke 41 and the lower common yoke 42 are extended, the two yokes 42 are extended, and the air damper 3 is arranged between the two yokes. In this case, the air damper 3 includes a sleeve 16 that integrally has a pair of upper and lower flanges 43m and 43b on its outer circumferential surface and has an air hole 23 at the center of its lower surface, and a plunger 1T, a spring 18, etc. disposed within this sleeve 16. The upper collar 43a is fixed to the lower surface of the upper common yoke 41, and the lower collar 43b is fixed to the upper surface of the lower common yoke 42.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8, a solenoid with an air damper can be produced by winding a coil 44 around the sleeve 16 of the air damper 3 to form a solenoid. Note that the plunger and spring are omitted in this figure.

Note that this invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and can be modified in various ways. For example, the check valve 36 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 may be replaced with the lower surface of the large diameter plunger 170 shown in FIG. A check valve 36 may be provided corresponding to the air hole 23, or a check valve 36 may be provided directly at the bottom of the sleeve 16 as shown in FIG. It is also possible to use it together with the air damper 3 and to incorporate it into the rear of the reed. In addition, the structure shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 may be used. That is, FIG. 10 is a sectional view of an air damper showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which the sleeve 16 is inserted into the opening 6G provided in the plate 66, and the flange 61 provided on the outer periphery of the upper end of the sleeve 16 is inserted into the opening 6G provided in the plate 66. A lid 62 that is detachably engaged with the opening 60 is pressed and fixed to the upper peripheral edge of the opening 60 via a spacer 63. In addition, 64 is a cushion 7 U/J, 6 made of rubber or the like.
5 is a cap placed on the upper end of the plunger 17. The plate 66 is arranged on a shelf board, and the cushion member 2 is attached to the upper surface of the spacer 63 and the cap 65.
T is Ecsaine (a type of synthetic leather with a suede look)
is formed by.

An elastically deformable engagement leg 6T that engages with the opening 60 is integrally provided on the lower surface of the lid 62.

The air damper shown in FIG. 11 includes a rubber upper case TO that is fitted into the opening of the plate 66, and a lower case 71 that is made of synthetic resin and is fitted into the upper case TO. γ0. The spring 18 is housed in T1 to reduce the number of parts. In this case, the dome 70A of the upper case T0 is elastically deformable and functions as a plunger.

Similarly, the air damper shown in FIG. 12 has a rubber case 80 disposed on a rubber case 66 to reduce the number of parts, and a spring 18 is housed inside the air damper. It is deformable and functions as a plunger.

Note that 82 is a club plate, and 83 is a set screw.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, if the upper case TO and the rubber case 80 have sufficient elasticity, the spring 18 can be omitted.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the keyboard device of the keyboard instrument according to the present invention has an air damper disposed at the rear end of the key to catch the rear end of the cone that rotates back after the key is pressed. It is designed to absorb kinetic energy and dissipate it to the outside to soften the impact of a fall, so unlike springs or air springs, the absorbed energy is less likely to return to the key, effectively reducing the power throb of the key and the generation of noise. It can be prevented. Therefore, the S@ is not transmitted to the fingers and a good key touch feeling is obtained.
In addition, the key returns quickly, improves repeatability, and provides a good sound-stopping effect even during staccato playing.

In addition, the air damper has a simple structure and can be manufactured at low cost.
However, it exhibits stable performance against temperature changes and is easy to maintain. In addition, if a check valve is provided on the air tambour, the movement of the glass/jar can be made even smoother and can be made to follow the movement of the key.

Note that although this embodiment shows an example of application to an upright piano, it goes without saying that it can also be applied to a grand piano.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side sectional view showing a first embodiment of the keyboard device and device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the Hiro air damper, Figs. 3 and 4 (a) 7θ)), (C) , FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the air damper, FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) are a plan view and a sectional view showing the check valve shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. Figure 8 is a sectional view of an air damper showing still another embodiment of the invention, Figure 8 is a sectional view of an air damper showing another embodiment of the invention, and Figure 9 is a sectional view of an air damper showing still another embodiment of the invention. Fig. 10 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the air damper; Fig. 11 is a sectional view showing still another embodiment of the air damper; Fig. 12 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the air damper. FIG. 1...shelf board, 2ψ-...keyboard reed, 3...-air damper, 411+1s11 keys, 156ham hawasing, 16・m-ya sleeve, 1γ-・O plunger, 1
8.sss spring, 23-e...air hole.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A key that is rotatably supported and whose rear end is biased downward when the key is not pressed, and an air damper provided at the rear end of the key, and the key is operated when the key is pressed. A keyboard device for a keyboard instrument, characterized in that the air damper receives the key that rotates back to the initial position, absorbs the kinetic energy of the key, and discharges the kinetic energy to the outside from the air damper. (2) A keyboard device for a keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein the air damper is provided with a check valve for promoting return.