JPH0748154B2 - Keyboard device for keyboard instrument - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a keyboard device for a keyboard instrument capable of absorbing and mitigating a shock associated with a returning operation of a key and preventing bounce and noise.

[Conventional technology]

A keyboard device in a keyboard musical instrument such as a piano is provided with a key that is arranged on a keyboard reed so as to be swingable in the vertical direction with an intermediate portion as a fulcrum of rotation, and an operation mechanism is driven by pressing the key. is there.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

By the way, in the conventional keyboard device, the back end of a normal key is supported by a back rail cross disposed on the rear upper surface of the reed, and this cross is designed to absorb and mitigate drop impact and noise during the return operation of the key. However, it is not possible to make the hardness so soft (if it is too soft, the weight of the key causes a change over time, and the amount of squealing of the key changes).
It cannot completely absorb shocks and noises, and as a result, it bounces and the falling noises and vibrations are transmitted to the shelf board, which gives uncomfortable feeling to the calculation itself. Further, when bounded, vibrations are transmitted to the finger, which adversely affects the key touch, the hitting performance is deteriorated, and further, a sound stop defect at the time of playing staccato is produced, resulting in a remarkable deterioration in performance performance itself.

Then, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 59-24076 is known as a means for solving such inconvenience, but since it uses a cushioning member such as felt, it has a drawback of causing a change with time.

Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and provides a keyboard device in a keyboard musical instrument which can effectively absorb the dropping sound and the falling vibration of a key at the time of key pressing operation with a simple configuration. The purpose is.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a key (4) which is arranged so as to be swingable in the vertical direction and which is operated by a key when playing, and a key which is arranged below the rear end of the key (4). An air damper (3) for receiving the key (4) which is rotated and returned after the operation, and the air damper (3) includes a sleeve (16, 71, 80) having an air hole (23) communicating between the inside and the outside. , Plunger (17,70A, 80A) arranged on this sleeve (16,71,80)
And a spring (18) which is disposed in the sleeve (16,71,80) and biases the plunger (17,70A, 80A) upward to abut the lower surface of the rear end of the key (4). It is composed of.

[Work]

The keyboard device of the keyboard instrument according to the present invention receives the rear end of the key, which is rotated and returned after a key-depressing operation, by an air damper,
The key is configured to absorb and relieve impact, and the key continues the returning operation while receiving the braking force from the air damper, and is locked at the initial position by the locking means. At this time, the air in the air damper is replenished from the outside by a key pressing operation, compressed when the key is returned by rotation and abuts, passes through the narrowed flow path, and flows out to the outside. Then, the air damper transmits the force resulting from the pressure increase to the key as a main reaction force to brake the key. Further, a considerable amount of the kinetic energy of the key is discarded to the outside such as the atmosphere as the kinetic energy of the fluid flowing out of the damper and the thermal energy due to friction and viscosity of the fluid. Therefore, the kinetic energy of the key is effectively absorbed by the air damper and is discarded to the outside (other than the key and the air damper) together with the outflow air, and the energy absorbed by the air damper is hardly returned to the key. The check valve facilitates the return of the plunger by opening the air hole when the plunger returns to the ascending position.

[Embodiment] The present invention will be described in detail below based on an embodiment shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a first embodiment of a keyboard device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an air damper. In these drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a piano shelf, on which a keyboard reed 2 and an air damper 3 are mounted and fixed, and a key 4 is arranged on the shelf so as to be vertically swingable. There is.

The keyboard reed 2 is composed of a reed 5, a reed 6, a reed 7 for connecting the reed 5 and the reed 6, and an oval key pin 8 on the reed 5 and on the reed 6. A balance key pin 9 is planted.

By inserting the balance key pin 9 into a fan-shaped slot 10 formed in the middle of the key 4, the key 4 is held swingably in the vertical direction with the pin 9 as a fulcrum, and is formed on the lower surface of the front end portion. Further, the oval key pin 8 is engaged in the recess 11 that is long in the front-rear direction, so that the rotation in the left-right direction is prevented. Further, a capstan 12 is planted on the upper surface of the rear end of the key 4, and an action mechanism (not shown) constantly applies a load to the key 4 through the capstan 12, so that the key 4 is not played when not playing. The front end portion floats above the reed 5 as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1, and the rear end portion is pressed against the air damper 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, the air damper 3 has a housing 15 having an upper surface opened and fixed on the shelf board 1, and a cylindrical sleeve 16 having a bottom disposed in the housing 15 and opened upward. A plunger 17 slidably arranged in the sleeve 16 in the vertical direction, a spring 18 also arranged in the sleeve 16 for urging the plunger 17 upward, and an upper opening of the sleeve 16. Stopper plate 19 for preventing the plunger 17 from coming off upward, and a cushion member 2 such as a felt disposed on the upper surface of the large diameter portion 17A of the plunger 17.
0, and a cushion member 21 such as felt disposed on the inner bottom surface of the sleeve 16. The housing 15
Is used in common for all the air dampers of the key 4, so it extends long in the left-right direction of the shelf board 1.
The sleeve 16 is provided at 15 corresponding to each key.
An appropriate gap is formed between the lower surface 16a of the sleeve 16 and the inner bottom surface of the housing 15, and the lower surface 16a has a center at the center.
Minute air holes 23 having a hole diameter of about 0.5 mm to 0.6 mm are formed.

The plunger 17 is composed of the large-diameter portion 17A described above and a small-diameter portion 17B which is integrally provided in the center of the upper surface of the large-diameter portion 17A so as to project upward from the central hole 24 of the stopper plate 19.
Between the outer periphery of the large diameter portion 17A and the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 16
There is a small gap A of about 0.03mm to 0.05mm.
This prevents the air in the sleeve 16 from escaping upward when the key 4 is returned. Then, a cushion member 27 such as a felt which is in contact with the lower surface of the rear end portion of the key 4 is bonded to the upper end surface of the small diameter portion 17B. It should be noted that lubricating oil may be applied to the plunger sliding portion for reducing the noise of the air damper 3, or Teflon (trademark) or the like may be used as a lubricant for coating.

Next, the operation of the air damper 3 in the above configuration will be described.

The rear end of the key 4 usually descends from the front end due to the weight of the key 4 itself and the weight of the action mechanism, and pushes down the plunger 17 against the spring 18, and as shown by the chain line in FIG. Is in contact with. When the front end of the key 4 is pushed down with a finger in this state, the key 4 is rotated about the balance key pin 9 in the clockwise direction in FIG. 1 so that the lower surface of the front end contacts the reed 5 and the rear end of the key 4 moves. It floats above the stopper plate 19. At the same time, the plunger 17 is raised by the elastic force of the spring 18, and the cushion member 20 is pressed against the lower surface of the stopper plate 19.

Next, when the external force is removed from the key 4, the key 4 is pivotally returned by its own weight and the weight of the action mechanism, and the plunger 17 is pushed down against the spring 18 at the rear end portion. At this time, a part of the air in the sleeve 16 has an air hole 23.
Although it is further discharged into the housing 15, the air holes 23 are sufficiently small, so that the flow velocity of the discharged air is high, and the kinetic energy of the key is absorbed as the kinetic energy of the outflow fluid. In addition to this, the viscous resistance of the fluid when the air passes through the hole 23 brakes the rapid return of rotation of the key 4 in proportion to its speed, thereby preventing the generation of pounds and noise on the cushion member 27. To do. The energy absorbed by the air damper 3 is discarded to the outside such as the atmosphere, and the amount of absorbed energy returning to the key 4 is small. Therefore, the returning operation of the key 4 is stable and reliable, and quick hits are possible and unnecessary vibration is not transmitted to the finger, so that a good key touch feeling can be obtained. Further, if the key 4 does not bounce, no gap is created between the capstan 12 and the whippen heel of the action mechanism, and the action mechanism can accurately follow the movement of the key 4, and the sound-stopping defect is likely to occur especially when playing the stud cart. Can be prevented.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an air damper showing a second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is the same as the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 except that a ring-shaped cushion member 30 is mounted and fixed on the upper surface of the stopper plate 19 and is otherwise the same. In such a structure, the cushion member 30 receives the rear end portion of the key 4 which is pivotally returned, and therefore has an advantage that it is possible to further prevent drop impact and noise.

4 (a), (b), and (c) are sectional views of an air damper showing a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 (a) shows the inner circumference of the sleeve 16 instead of the air holes. A gap A of about 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm is provided between the surface and the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion of the plunger 17, and the key 4 is provided by the kinetic energy of the air passing through the gap A and the fluid viscosity resistance.
The brake is used to soften the return of the rotation of the to soften the drop impact and prevent the bouncing and the dropping noise. FIG. 2B shows a sleeve 16 having air holes 23 formed on its peripheral surface.
In the same figure (c), one end is opened on the lower surface of the large diameter portion 17A of the plunger 17, and the other end is opened on the peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the small diameter portion 17B.
Formed 3.

In this case, as a matter of course, in FIGS. 2B and 2C, the sleeve 16 may be directly arranged on the shelf board 1 to provide the housing 15 shown in FIG. Further, in the configuration of FIG. 7C, both end openings of the air holes 23 may be opened on the upper and lower surfaces of the large diameter portion 17A of the plunger 17.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an air damper showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are a plan view and a sectional view of a check valve. In this embodiment, the circumference of the sleeve 16 is 0.5 to 0.6.
An air hole 23 having a hole diameter of about mm is formed and a hole 35 having a hole diameter of about 1 to 2 mm is formed on the bottom surface, and a check valve 36 is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the sleeve 16 corresponding to the hole 35. It is a thing. The check valve 36 is formed of a rubber sheet or the like, and a tongue piece 38 that is elastically deformable by forming a substantially C-shaped groove 37 is provided in the center of the check valve 36. 35
When the plunger 17 is pushed up by the force of the spring 18 in response to a key depression operation, the tongue piece 38 elastically deforms upward and opens the hole 35, whereby the ascent and return of the plunger 17 is performed. It was made to speed up.

That is, when the plunger 17 starts to rise due to the force of the spring 18, the pressure inside the sleeve 16 instantaneously becomes negative pressure to brake the plunger 17 because the air hole 23 is small, but the negative pressure at this time causes the tongue to move. The piece 38 elastically deforms to open the hole 35,
In order to quickly return the negative pressure in the sleeve 16 to the atmospheric pressure, the plunger 17 is smoothly raised and returned by the force of the spring 18.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an air damper showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a solenoid 40 is arranged between the rear end of the key 4 and the shelf board, and the solenoid 40 allows the key 4 to move.
It is applied to an automatic playing piano that is designed to drive, and the upper common yoke 41 and the lower common yoke 42 of the solenoid 40 are extended, these both yokes 42 are extended, and the air damper 3 is arranged between these both yokes. It was set up. In this case, the air damper 3 has a pair of upper and lower collars 43a, 43 on the outer peripheral surface.
Sleeve 16 that has b integrally and has an air hole 23 in the center of the lower surface
The upper flange 43a is fixed to the lower surface by the upper common yoke 41, and the lower flange 43b is fixed to the upper surface of the lower common yoke 42. ing.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the sleeve of the air damper 3
If you wind the coil 44 around 16 to form a solenoid,
You can make a solenoid with an air damper. Note that the plunger and the spring are omitted in the figure.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various variations are possible. For example, the check valve 36 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has a large diameter of the plunger 17 shown in FIG. 4 (c). The check valve 36 may be provided on the bottom surface of the part corresponding to the air hole 23, or the check valve 36 may be provided on the bottom surface of the sleeve 16 shown in FIG. 4, and as shown in FIG. And air damper 3
It is also possible to use in combination with and to incorporate in the reed after. In addition to this, it may be one shown in FIGS. 10 to 12.
That is, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an air damper showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which the sleeve 16 is fitted into the opening 60 provided in the plate 66 and the flange portion 61 provided on the outer periphery of the upper end thereof.
Is pressed and fixed via a spacer 63 to the peripheral edge of the upper surface of the opening 60 by a lid 62 that is detachably engaged with the opening 60. Incidentally, 64 is a cushion flange made of rubber or the like, and 65 is a cap fitted to the upper end of the plunger 17. The plate 66 is arranged on a shelf plate, and the cushion member 27 attached to the upper surfaces of the spacer 63 and the cap 65 is formed of exaine (a kind of synthetic leather and of suede tone). An elastically deformable engaging leg 67 that engages with the opening 60 is integrally provided on the lower surface of the lid body 62.

The air damper shown in FIG. 11 includes a rubber upper case 70 fitted in the opening of the plate 66, and a lower case 71 as a sleeve formed of synthetic resin and fitted in the upper case 70.
And the spring 18 is housed in the cases 70 and 71 to reduce the number of parts. In this case, the dome 70A of the upper case 70 is elastically deformable and functions as a plunger.

Similarly, in the air damper shown in FIG. 12 as well, in order to reduce the number of parts, a rubber case 80 forming a sleeve is arranged on the plate 66, and the spring 18 is housed inside the rubber case 80. 80A is elastically deformable and has a function as a plunger. Reference numeral 82 is a clamp plate, and 83 is a set screw.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the spring 18 can be omitted when the upper case 70 and the rubber case 80 have sufficient elasticity.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, in the keyboard device of the keyboard instrument according to the present invention, the air damper is arranged at the rear end of the key to receive the rear end of the key that returns after the key pressing operation and absorb the kinetic energy of the key. Since it is configured to be thrown away to the outside to soften the drop impact, unlike the springs and air springs, the absorbed energy rarely returns to the key, effectively preventing the key from bouncing and generating noise. it can. Therefore, vibration is not transmitted to the finger and a good key touch feeling is obtained,
In addition, the key can be quickly returned, the repeatability can be improved, and a good sound stopping effect can be obtained even when playing the stats cart.

Also, the air damper has a simple structure and can be manufactured at low cost.
Moreover, it exhibits stable performance against temperature changes and is easy to maintain. In addition, if a check valve is installed on the air damper, the movement of the plunger will become even smoother.
It can follow the movement of the key.

In addition, although an example of application to the upright piano is shown in the present embodiment, it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to a grand piano.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a side sectional view showing a first embodiment of a keyboard device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an air damper, and FIGS. 3, 4 (a), (b), (c), FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the air damper, and FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are a plan view and a sectional view showing the check valve shown in FIG. Is a sectional view of an air damper showing still another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a sectional view of an air damper showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a side view of a main part, FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the air damper, FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing still another embodiment of the air damper, and FIG. 12 is still another embodiment of the air damper. It is sectional drawing which shows an example. 1 ... Shelf board, 2 ... Keyboard reed, 3 ... Air damper, 4 ...
… Key, 15 …… Housing, 16 …… Sleeve, 17 …… Plunger, 18 …… Spring, 23 …… Air hole.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A key (4) which is arranged so as to be swingable in a vertical direction and which is operated to depress during playing, and a key (4) which is disposed below a rear end portion of the key (4) and which is rotated and returned after depressing the key. An air damper (3) for receiving the key (4), and the air damper (3) includes a sleeve (16,71,80) having an air hole (23) for communicating the inside and the outside, and the sleeve (16,71). , 80) and the plunger (17,70A, 80A) and sleeve (16,71,8)
And a spring (18) which is disposed in the (0) and urges the plunger (17, 70A, 80A) upward to abut against the lower surface of the rear end of the key (4). A keyboard device for a keyboard instrument. 2. The air damper (3) is usually a sleeve (1).
6, 71, 80) is closed, and a check valve (36) that opens the air hole (23) when the plunger (17, 70A, 80A) is returned is provided. A keyboard device for a keyboard musical instrument according to claim 1.