JPH019653Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention is mainly guided by electromagnetic waves emitted from a loop of electromagnetic induction wire buried in the cultivation field, automatically steers along the electromagnetic wave, and is adapted to various pesticide spraying conditions. It is possible to automatically spray pesticides using multiple spraying methods to
In particular, the present invention relates to a self-propelled automatic pesticide sprayer that can uniformly and sufficiently apply pesticides to the undersides of leaves of crops.

Currently, flow duct method, fuming method, haze method, transpiration method, etc. have been developed and put into practical use as labor-saving pest control methods for facility-grown crops, but all of these methods do not introduce chemicals into the air inside the facility. Since the agent is sprayed out, floated, and gradually lowered, it has the disadvantage that the agent mainly adheres to the surface of the leaf and less to the underside of the leaf, resulting in an unstable and insufficient effect in controlling pests and diseases.

In addition, pesticide sprayers that rely on one type of chemical spraying method, such as those that only use flow dust or powder spraying methods, tend to have problems with soiling of cultivated crops with the chemical if multiple chemical sprays are required. Therefore, it is often not suitable for use, and it is impossible to use mist dispersion methods using fuming agents, aerosols, and liquid agents that are suitable for multiple applications.

Particularly in facilities, overhumid conditions are likely to occur, but for example, a sprayer that only sprays liquid agents cannot spray flow dust agents, fuming agents, atomizing agents, powder agents, etc. that are suitable for such overhumid conditions.

In addition, when the inside of the facility is under dry conditions, the most economical method of controlling the pest is to use inexpensive liquid agents (emulsions, wettable powders, water-solvents, etc.); So you can't get this benefit.

Furthermore, with sprayers using the flow dust method, fumigation method, and haze method, these chemicals are extremely easy to scatter, so they must be used in a sealed facility. It is virtually impossible to use it because it is necessary to open windows and ventilate to prevent it from becoming hot, and because it does not have a usable liquid spraying function because it does not scatter even during ventilation, it is forced to The current situation is that we have no choice but to wait for the evening when the dust falls before sealing up the facility and spraying. Therefore, it is extremely uneconomical from the perspective of labor distribution.

This invention attempts to improve almost all of the shortcomings of conventional pesticide dusters, and the first aspect of this invention is
The purpose of this method is to uniformly and sufficiently adhere pesticides to the undersides of leaves of cultivated crops, thereby improving the stability and effectiveness of controlling pests and diseases.

The second purpose is to enable the spraying of flow dust agents, powder agents, fuming agents, atomizing agents, and liquid agents according to the required spraying conditions.

The third purpose is to allow the electromagnetic induction vehicle to run on a predetermined course within the facility, without requiring workers to enter the facility, and to be free from constraints such as temperature conditions within the facility. The purpose of this method is to make it possible to carry out the required method of dispersing chemicals at any time without having to do so, thereby saving labor and ensuring safety in terms of health and hygiene.

The present invention will be explained in detail below using examples and drawings.

As shown in FIG. 8, an electromagnetic induction wire 66 is buried in a loop shape in a cultivation management groove 63 located in the middle of a crop cultivation furrow 61 in a field 60 for facility cultivation, and a power source 65 for electromagnetic transmission is provided in this. A known device is installed in advance to which an electromagnetic transmitter 64 is connected and which emits electromagnetic waves of a predetermined frequency from a loop-shaped electromagnetic induction wire 66 as desired.

The electromagnetic induction vehicle 1 includes a frame 1a, a prime mover 7 consisting of a so-called engine such as a gasoline engine or an oil engine, front wheels 3 and rear wheels 4 equipped with spherical or truncated conical wheel covers 2, a front axle 6, and Rear axle 5, engine starter 8, engine output pulley 9, pre-installed outside the facility,
A remote control transmitter 67 which also serves as a pesticide spraying device and has a plurality of operation channels and a corresponding remote control receiver 53 connects and disconnects the clutch by receiving signals from the remote control receiver 53. a servo motor, a speed reducer 10 having a travel clutch lever and a clutch, a speed reducer input pulley 11, a speed reducer input belt 12, a travel drive force extraction gear 17, a travel drive gear 18, a steering arm 19, a steering link drive gear 20, Power supply 2 consisting of a steering drive servo motor 21, a steering control receiver 22, and a battery
3. At least one set of left and right electromagnetic sensing pick-up coils as the electromagnetic sensor 24 for sensing electromagnetic waves from the loop-shaped electromagnetic induction wire 66 and inputting them to the steering receiver 22, an automatic stop mechanism provided as desired, etc. It is mainly composed of the following, and any known or similar ones can be used.

The electromagnetic induction vehicle 1 of the present application can be configured by adjusting and setting the rotational speed of the prime mover 7 and the reduction ratio of the reducer 10 in advance.
By operating the remote control transmitter 67, the travel clutch lever is operated via the remote control receiver 53 by the servo motor of the reducer 10, and the clutch is connected or disconnected to travel at a set speed or stop. can do.

Further, the electromagnetic induction vehicle 1, which is located around a loop-shaped electromagnetic induction wire 66 buried along the approximate center of the cultivation management machine 63, is shaped into a loop by one or more sets of two or more electromagnetic sensing pick-up coils 24 located on the left and right sides. The steering control receiver 2
2. Steering drive servo motor 21, steering drive gear 20, steering arm 1
9, the direction of the front wheels 3 is changed, the electromagnetic induction vehicle 1 is always guided with the loop-shaped electromagnetic induction wire 66 in the center, and the electromagnetic induction vehicle 1 is guided automatically and can run on its own. For example, the starting point 68 is the first position in the field 60, and it is stopped at the ending point 69. If an automatic stop mechanism is provided, it is further advantageous because the automatic stop can be made at any arbitrary position, for example, the end point 69. Normally, it is preferable that the traveling speed of the electromagnetic induction vehicle 1 is set to approximately 2 km/hour.

The wheel covers 2 provided on the front wheels 3 and the rear wheels 4 have a hemispherical or truncated conical shape to prevent the electromagnetic induction vehicle 1 from falling while running and to prevent the vehicle from coming into contact with the crop cultivation ridges 61 due to an accident. Since it has a protruding shape, the spout portion 36 and others can be protected.

Further, if desired, protective objects may be provided at the curved points at both ends of the cultivation management groove 63 to the extent that they do not interfere with cultivation management in case of an accident.

The pesticide spraying device mounted on the electromagnetic induction vehicle 1 includes a duster 28, a blow pipe 35 connected to the duster 28 and branched into two directions (left and right), a spraying nozzle 36 having a swinging device provided at each end of the duster 28, and a pesticide tank 3
2. A smoke machine 43 that uses the heat of the muffler 42;
It is mainly composed of a misting mechanism including a liquid discharge pipe 38 for taking out liquid from the medicine tank 32, a liquid supply pipe 39, liquid nozzles 40 of various diameters provided in the nozzle 36, and the like.

The duster 28 has a configuration similar to a known blower, and generates pressurized air having the required wind pressure and air volume.
0, it is driven via the duster drive pulley 31, etc., and air can be blown by starting the prime mover 7 with the starter 8.

The blow pipe 35 is connected to the outlet of the duster 28, and also branches and extends almost horizontally to the left and right sides of the electromagnetic induction vehicle 1, and has a spout 36 at each end with a bearing 3.
Support via 6c.

The nozzle part 36 usually consists of two pieces, and the electromagnetic induction vehicle 1
The opening at the tip 36b is located substantially horizontally on both sides of the opening surface 36a facing diagonally upward.
The rear end is supported at both ends of the blast pipe 35 via a bearing 36c, and is rotated around the axis at a predetermined angle required for dispersion, for example, approximately
It can perform oscillating rotation movements of 90 degrees to approximately 180 degrees.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the main parts of the spraying oscillating device of the nozzle 36 include, in addition to the above-mentioned bearing 36c, a dispersing oscillating gear 51 coaxially fixed to the nozzle 36; It is a driving gear that meshes with the spraying head oscillation operating gear 51 by about 90 degrees or about
Leaving only the number of teeth necessary to rotate 180 degrees,
A spreading oscillating gear 50 that transmits rotation intermittently with other teeth removed, a reversing spring 52 that returns the nozzle part 36 to its original position together with a spreading oscillating operating gear 51, and a rotating oscillating gear 50 that It mainly consists of a power transmission mechanism that transmits power.

As mainly shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the power transmission mechanism as an example of this embodiment has a spreading neck vibration force extraction gear 46 fixed to the rear axle 5, and two vibration force extraction gears 46 near the left and right ends. Spreading swing gear 5
A spreading head vibration force communication shaft 49 with a spreading head vibration force communication gear 48 fixed to the middle thereof is provided, and the spreading neck vibration force communication gear 46 and the spreading head vibration force communication gear 48 are connected to the spreading head vibration force communication chain 47. This shall be constituted by contacting the parties.

As mentioned above, rotational power is transmitted from the axle through a plurality of gears, so if the gear ratio is appropriately selected, the speed or travel distance of the electromagnetic induction vehicle 1 and the number of oscillating movements of the nozzle 36 can be adjusted. There is an advantage that the ratio can be set to a desired value.

Further, if the tip portion 36b is connected in a manner that can be exchanged with a fixing device such as a bolt as shown in FIG.
The crop 6 may have a different angle of the opening surface 36a with respect to the axis of the nozzle 36, or a different shape.
2 types, growth stages, etc. can be selected and replaced.

If the height of the spout part 36 is made to almost match the top surface of the crop cultivation ridge 61 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5,
The medicine to be sprayed is delivered to the nozzle part 36 by pressurized air.
The spray is applied to each crop body 62a from diagonally downward, changing the spraying angle back and forth in the direction of travel as the head shakes, so that a sufficient amount is uniformly deposited on the underside of the leaves of the crop body 62a. be able to.

The chemical tank 32 is commonly used for flow dust agents, powder agents, or liquid agents, and has an airtight lid 32a at the top for charging the desired agent to be sprayed, and a blow pipe 35 at the bottom. Connect to.

The drug tank 32 has a metering valve 33 for flow dust agent powder at the bottom and a metering operation lever 34 for adjusting the amount when using flow dust agent or powder agent. It has a discharge prevention valve 54 for preventing the discharge of flow dust agent, powder, etc., and is activated simultaneously with the movement of the electromagnetic induction vehicle 1 through the remote control receiver 53 by operation of the remote control transmitter 67. At least open the valve and close it at the same time as stopping. Therefore, only while the vehicle is running, the medicine falls into the blast pipe 53 at a rate set by the metering operation lever 34, reaches the nozzle 36, and is sprayed. The discharge prevention valve 54 can be selected from, for example, known electric valves, electromagnetic valves, and the like.

The drug tank 32 has a spill prevention attachment and its mounting seat (not shown) at the bottom to prevent the solution from flowing into the air pipe 35, and a duster 28 to supply pressurized air to the drug tank 32 when the drug is used.
In addition to the tank pressurizing air pipe 37 for pressurizing the surface of the liquid agent sent to the upper part of the tank 2 and stored therein, there is also an outflow prevention valve 55 for preventing the outflow of the liquid agent while the vehicle is stopped. It is connected to the liquid agent discharge pipe 38 of the mist mechanism through. The outflow prevention valve 55 is opened via the remote control receiver 53 by operating the remote control transmitter 67 at the same time as the electromagnetic guide vehicle 1 is running, and is closed at the same time when it stops. The outflow prevention valve 55 is, for example, an electric valve.
Select from electromagnetic valves, etc.

Therefore, the chemical liquid in the chemical tank 32 is pressurized by pressurized air as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, and during the process, it passes through the outflow prevention valve 55, the liquid discharge pipe 38, and the liquid supply pipe 39 to the nozzle. The liquid agent is atomized by a liquid nozzle 40 provided in the section 36 and sprayed as a mist from the nozzle section 36 by pressurized air from the blast pipe 35, and the spraying is stopped when the vehicle is stopped. The amount of liquid to be sprayed can be adjusted mainly by selecting the diameter of the liquid nozzle 40.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the fumigator 43 includes a chemical tank 43a containing a fuming agent or a chemical solution in which a fuming agent is dissolved in a solvent, and a muffler 42 in which a predetermined amount of this chemical solution is provided. A pump 43c that sends out the smoke to the smoke chamber 43b, a smoke chamber 43b heated by the exhaust from the exhaust pipe 41, and a smoke chamber 43.
a smoke inlet 44 connecting b and the blower pipe 35;
It mainly consists of a burner 45 with a gas cylinder for heating assistance, which is used to ignite and heat the inside of the smoke chamber 43b when the temperature is insufficient for the smoke temperature. The pump 43c uses, for example, an electromagnetic pump, and is operated by the remote control transmitter 67 via the remote control receiver 53.

Therefore, the smoke generated in the smoke machine 43 is sucked into the blast pipe 35 through the smoke inlet 44, and then branched and distributed to the left and right along with the pressurized air to the nozzle part 3.
6, it is sprayed onto the crop body 62a according to a set amount. The fumigator 43 can use both fuming agents and aerosols.

As mentioned above, the self-propelled automatic pesticide sprayer of the present invention can uniformly and sufficiently apply pesticides not only to the surface of leaves of crops, but also to the underside of leaves, where conventional methods have had little exposure to pesticides. This makes it possible to significantly improve the stability and effectiveness of the pesticidal effect.

In addition, since it is possible to spray any of flow dust agents, powder agents, fuming agents, atomized agents, and liquid agents as required, it is possible to spray any one of flow dust agents, powder agents, fuming agents, atomized agents, and liquid agents as required. teeth,
By switching to mist spraying using a liquid agent, the problem can be solved before it occurs.

In particular, the inside of the facility is prone to overhumidity, and under such conditions, flow dusting agents, fuming agents, or powder agents can be used accordingly.

On the other hand, under dry conditions, it is possible to use inexpensive liquid agents such as emulsions, wettable powders, or aqueous solutions, and economical control effects can be obtained.

In addition, the flow dust method, fumigation method, fume method, etc. require the facility to be used in a closed condition, so it is impossible to use it during the high temperatures of summer when ventilation is required, so it is usually best to wait until the evening before spraying. Although it is inevitable, under such conditions,
Since the automatic pesticide sprayer of the present invention can use liquids or powders that are less likely to scatter, there is almost no restriction on spraying timing or time, which is extremely advantageous in terms of labor allocation for workers.

Furthermore, in the present invention, electromagnetic induction wires are usually buried in the cultivation field and arranged in a loop.
There is no other equipment in the upper part that would be a hindrance, and there would be no hindrance to cultivation management. Furthermore, since it has a prime mover such as a gasoline engine, it can be used even in places without power transmission facilities.

In addition, it hardly requires the entry of workers into the facility, is easy to operate, and can self-propel and spray automatically, making it extremely safe in terms of health and hygiene, as well as labor-saving and stable pest control. It makes it possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view showing only the main parts for explaining the embodiment, Fig. 2 is a left side view for explanation with some parts omitted, and Fig. 3 is a right side view for explanation with some parts omitted. , FIG. 4 is a partially omitted explanatory front view, FIG. 5 is a partially omitted explanatory rear view, FIG. 6 is a front view of the nozzle, and FIG. 7 is a left side of the nozzle. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the field. 1 is an electromagnetic induction vehicle, 2 is a wheel cover, 3 is a front wheel, 4 is a rear wheel, 5 is a rear axle, 6 is a front axle, 7 is a prime mover, 10 is a speed reducer, 21 is a steering drive servo motor, 2
2 is a receiver for steering operation, 24 is an electromagnetic sensor, 28 is a duster, 32 is a drug tank, 33 is a metering valve for flow dust agent powder, 34 is a lever for metering operation, 35 is a blower pipe, and 36 is a spout Part, 36
a is the opening surface, 36b is the tip, 36c is the bearing, 3
7 is a tank pressurizing air pipe, 38 is a liquid discharge pipe, 39 is a liquid supply pipe, 40 is a liquid nozzle, 42 is a muffler, 43 is a smoke machine, 43a is a chemical liquid tank, 43b is a smoke chamber, 43c is a pump, 44 is a smoke inlet, 45 is a burner with a gas cylinder for heating assistance, 46 is a spraying head vibration force extraction gear, 50 is a spraying head swing gear, 51 is a spraying swing operating gear, 52 is a spring, 53 is a remote control receiver, 54 is a discharge prevention valve, 55 is an outflow prevention valve, 60 is a field, 61 is a crop cultivation ridge, 62 is a crop, 42a is a crop body, 63 is a cultivation management groove, 64 is an electromagnetic transmitter, 6
6 is an electromagnetic induction wire, and 67 is a remote control transmitter.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] 1. A pesticide sprayer primarily intended for spraying pesticides on cultivated crops, which uses electromagnetic waves emitted from electromagnetic induction wires usually laid in a loop in cultivation management grooves. An electromagnetic induction vehicle having an automatic steering mechanism with an electromagnetic sensor, wheels equipped with wheel covers, and a driving motor for traveling guided along the electromagnetic induction line, and a drug tank mounted on the electromagnetic induction vehicle. , duster, air pipe,
A self-propelled automatic pesticide sprayer mainly consisting of a spraying nozzle with a swinging device, a smoker, and a mist mechanism. 2. The oscillating device of the nozzle includes a bearing for oscillating the nozzle, a dispersing oscillating gear coaxially fixed to the nozzle, and a oscillating gear for intermittent driving the dispersing oscillating gear. A self-propelled automatic agricultural chemical sprayer according to claim 1, which comprises a spraying oscillation gear with some teeth missing and a reversing spring. 3. The self-propelled automatic pesticide duster according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wheel cover has a hemispherical shape or a truncated conical shape.