JPH0198424A - Mat for cultivating landing field crop - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To promote growth of field crops without damaging a fruit cluster, by using a cultivation mat prepared by mounting the upper film having many elastic hollow protruding parts provided side by side on the top surface of the lower film and cultivating landing field crops. CONSTITUTION:Landing field crops, such as strawberry or melon, are planted and cultivated on a cultivation mat 1 for the landing field crops prepared by mounting the upper film 3 having many elastic hollow protruding parts 4, preferably in a columnar form on the top surface of the lower film 2 to warm air in the interior of the above-mentioned hollow protruding parts 4 and further promote growth of the afore-mentioned field crops with a small temperature change between day and night due to great heat reserving and insulating properties of the air. Furthermore, the above-mentioned mat is preferably formed from a synthetic resin.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Technical Field of the Invention) The present invention relates to a mat for cultivating agricultural crops that are capable of landing on the ground, such as strawberries or melons, on elastic hollow protrusions protruding from a film. It was designed to be cultivated.

(Conventional example) It is known to lay a film on the ridges where agricultural products are grown to ensure heat retention and suppress the proliferation of weeds. As such a film, a black film (so-called black mulch) made of synthetic resin is widely used today.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, as described below, this kind of conventional black film has a problem that it is particularly unsuitable for growing agricultural crops such as strawberries and melons. In other words, as shown in FIG. 10, when fruit clusters 52, such as strawberries, are cultivated in the soil on which the black film 51 has been laid, the black film 51 has extremely low thermal insulation properties, so it does not matter whether there is day or night or sunlight. It was difficult to maintain the average temperature of the fruit bunch salt for 24 hours due to large temperature changes. Also, fruit bunch 52
As the fruit swells, a recess 53 is formed due to its weight and the fruit bunch 52 is buried, and the fruit cluster 52 is easily corroded by the water accumulated in the recess 53, and the ground surface 52a is deformed into a flat shape. It is easy to damage the fruit, and even the fruit bunch 52
There have been various major problems in the growth of crops, such as the fact that almost no air circulation can be expected on the side of the ground contact surface 52a.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an upper film attached to the upper surface of the lower film, which is dotted with elastic hollow protrusions and arranged in parallel so that the agricultural crops can land easily. This is a cultivation mat.

(Function) With this configuration, temperature changes due to day and night and presence or absence of sunlight can be reduced due to the heat-insulating properties of the air inside the hollow protrusion. In addition, the elastic hollow protrusions elastically support agricultural crops such as strawberries and melons to prevent the ground surface of the crops from being flattened or damaged. The space between the films is used as an air flow path to ensure ventilation and promote growth, while also preventing crops from coming into contact with water collected on the film.

(Example 1) In FIG. 1, 1 is a mat for cultivating agricultural products, and the mat 1 is formed by attaching an upper film 3 to the upper surface of a lower film 2. A large number of cylindrical elastic hollow protrusions 4, 4... are arranged in parallel on the upper film 3, and there is a space T between the protrusions 4, which serves as an air circulation area. is ensured. The film 2.3 is made of flexible synthetic resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, and the hollow protrusions 4, 4 are formed by partially expanding the upper film 3.

The air filling rate inside the hollow protrusions 4, 4 is less than 100%, preferably about 60 to 90%, and the reason will be described later. The films 2 and 3 may have any color, but as will become clear from other examples to be described later, by varying the colors of the films 2 and 3, unique effects can be obtained. In this embodiment, both are made of transparent or translucent, that is, translucent, synthetic resin. Also, this mat l is in the form of a long strip and is rolled up into a roll during transportation and storage, but for example, when growing melons that are relatively large and have a small number of cultivation tubes per unit area. In order to reduce the laying area of the mat 1 per cultivation area, a relatively small single-piece mat of, for example, 30 cm square may be used, and it may be laid for each fruit bunch of melon etc. .

Figures 2 and 3 show how strawberries are cultivated by laying the mat 1 in the ridge F, and sunlight (see arrow) is irradiated onto the hollow protrusions 4, 4... , warms the air inside it. In this case, since the surface area of the protrusions 4, 4, . . . , the area irradiated with sunlight is large, the air inside can be efficiently heated. The heat retention and insulation properties of the air inside the protrusions 4, 4, which are heated in this way, are large, so the temperature changes due to day and night and the presence or absence of sunlight are small, and the temperature changes that are transmitted from the protrusions 4, 4... Due to the soft heat transfer, the strawberry bunches A that are in contact with this can be kept warm.

Further, when the soil temperature is high, the air inside the hollow protrusions 4, 4, . . . is warmed by the soil temperature through the film 2, and the heat is transferred to the fruit bunch A. Moreover, since air circulation is ensured by the space T, the surface of the fruit bunch A can be brought into sufficient contact with fresh air to promote growth and coloring of the lower surface of the fruit bunch A.

In addition, water W such as dew and rain is removed from the space T between the protrusions 4.
Since the water accumulates in the water, the fruit bunch A does not come into contact with water W and corrode.

In FIG. 4, the solid line shows the state in which the fruit bunch A has not landed on the protrusion 4, and the chain line shows the state in which it has landed. As mentioned above, since the air filling rate of the protrusion 4 is less than 100%, the protrusion 4 is quite deformable, and therefore maintains an almost perfect cylindrical shape when the fruit bunch A has not landed. When the fruit bunch A lands on the ground, it is elastically deformed by expanding laterally as shown by the chain line, and the fruit bunch A is reliably held. In this way, by making the air filling rate of the protrusion 4 less than 100%, the shape of the protrusion 4 is given a degree of freedom and play, so that when the fruit cluster A lands, it follows the shape of the lower surface of the fruit bunch A. It has the advantage of being able to be reliably held from below, and this advantage is particularly advantageous in the case of fruit bunches such as strawberries, which have a soft surface and are easily damaged.

The above-mentioned first embodiment has been explained by taking as an example the case where the mat 1 is transparent or translucent in color, but next, examples of mats having various colors will be explained.

(Example 2) In FIG. 5, a mat 1 is formed by attaching a light-transmitting upper film 3 to the upper surface of a light-reflecting lower film 2. This light-reflective lower film 2 is formed by mixing light-reflecting fine particles or applying silver paint or white paint, or may be an aluminum foil film. The light irradiated onto the mat 1 passes through the upper film 3 and is reflected by the lower film 2, and the reflected light warms the air inside the protrusions 4, 4...and hits the lower surface of the fruit bunch A. In this way, by applying reflected light to the lower surface of the fruit bunch A using the lower film 2 as a reflective surface, the growth of the fruit bunch A can be promoted, and the coloring of the lower surface of the fruit bunch A can be promoted.

Also, aluminum foil film, silver film, etc. have heat insulating properties. Therefore, by using such a heat-insulating film, it has the effect of preventing geothermal heat from being transmitted to fruit bunches and the like, causing strawberries to become overripe during high-temperature seasons such as late spring to early autumn, and in other words, suppressing straw growth. It can also have a suppressive cultivation effect.

(Example 3) In Fig. 6, the upper film 3 is a light-reflective film, and the color of the lower film 2 is arbitrary. The same effects as those of Example 2 can be achieved, such as promoting color change and discoloration. Note that if the mat is formed of a light-reflective film, it can have the effect of repelling pests such as oilseed insects.

(Example 4) In FIG. 7, the mat 1 is formed of dark-colored films 2 and 3 with good light absorption, such as black, and sunlight is absorbed by the hollow protrusions 4, 4... It efficiently warms the air inside and has excellent heat retention effects. Furthermore, dark-colored films have the advantage of blocking sunlight from reaching the soil and preventing the growth of weeds. Note that the same effect can be obtained even if the lower film 2 is a dark-colored film and the upper film 3 is a transparent film.

(Example 5) In Fig. 8, B is a melon, which is cultivated by landing on the protrusion 4°4... This protrusion 4°4... is hemispherical and is formed quite large so as to be able to support the melon. This protrusion 4 is also formed by partially expanding the upper film 3, and its air filling rate is 100%.
less than Further, this mat 1 is not a strip-shaped mat as described above, but a single-piece mat having a size of about 30 squares. In this way, the shape and size of the hollow protrusion can be arbitrarily determined.

Various effects can be obtained by coloring the film. For example, by making the upper film white and the lower film dark, a high heat retention effect and weed suppressing effect can be obtained. Furthermore, if the upper film is dark colored and the lower film is white or aluminum foil, a high heat retention effect, weed suppression effect, and geothermal insulation effect can be obtained. As is clear from the above examples, various effects can be obtained by considering the color of the film.

(Example 6) In FIGS. 9(a) and 9(b), 10 is a large number of drainage holes provided in the mat 1, and the water W accumulated on the mat 1 is drained into the soil through the drainage holes 10. Therefore, it is possible to more reliably prevent the fruit bunch A from coming into contact with the water W.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the mat for cultivating agricultural crops that have land-bearing properties according to the present invention, the air inside the elastic hollow protrusions 4 can be warmed to promote the growth of agricultural crops. Furthermore, since the air inside the protrusion has a large heat-insulating property, temperature changes due to day and night and the presence or absence of sunlight can be reduced, thereby promoting the growth of agricultural products.

In addition, the protrusions hold the fruit bunches against each other to prevent them from being flattened or damaged. It also prevents the fruit bunches from coming into contact with water collected on the mat, and the air below the fruit bunches. The space between the protrusions 4 ensures the flow of the fruit, and has various excellent effects such as allowing fresh air to come into contact with the surface of the fruit bunch and promoting growth.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a mat for cultivating agricultural crops. FIG. 2 is a sectional view, FIG. 3 is a side view during cultivation, FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view, and FIGS. 5, 6, and 7. FIG. 8 is a sectional view and a side view of another embodiment, and FIG. 9 (a
), (b) is a partial perspective view and a partial sectional view, No. 10
The figure is a side view of a conventional one. 1... Mat for cultivating agricultural crops with good landing properties 2... Lower film 3... Upper film 4... Elastic hollow protrusion 10... Drain hole

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) A mat for cultivating agricultural crops that can land on the ground, characterized in that the upper film is attached to the upper surface of the lower film, and elastic hollow protrusions are arranged side by side in a scattered manner. (2) The mat for cultivating land-bearing agricultural products as set forth in claim 1, wherein the mat is made of synthetic resin. (3) The elastic hollow protrusion is formed by partially expanding the upper film 3, and has an air filling rate of less than 100%. A mat for growing agricultural crops. (4) The mat for cultivating land-bearing agricultural products as set forth in claim 1, wherein the mat is strip-shaped. (5) The mat for cultivating land-bearing agricultural products as set forth in claim 1, wherein the mat is in the form of a single piece. (6) The mat for cultivating land-bearing agricultural products as set forth in claim 1, wherein the mat has drainage holes formed therein. (7) The mat for cultivating agricultural crops with a landing property as set forth in claim 1, wherein the elastic hollow protrusion has a columnar shape. (8) The mat for cultivating land-bearing agricultural products as set forth in claim 1, wherein the elastic hollow protrusion has a hemispherical shape.