JPH0212403A - Numerical controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten the working time by generating a divided finish shape of each of blocks which are successively divided from the entrance of a hole to the depth and calculating the extent of movement of a tool for each block in accordance with this divided finish shape to successively cut blocks in the order form the block in the entrance of the hole. CONSTITUTION:A working program 1 is provided with a block division command part 1e which commands the number of times of division by which the work range from the entrance of the hole to the depth is successively divided into plural blocks from the entrance of the hole. The divided finish shape of each of blocks successively divided from the entrance of the hole to the depth is generated by a group of commands from the working program and said number of times of division, and the extent of movement of the tool for each block is calculated in accordance with this divided finish shape to successively cut blocks in the order from the block in the entrance. Thus, the working time required for expansion of the inside hole of a material is shortened, and generation of the working program is simplified.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a numerical control device for a lathe, for example, with an automatic programming function, and in particular to improving the processing efficiency of machining an internal hole in a material.

[Background Art] Fig. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional numerical control device (hereinafter referred to as an NC device) for a lathe with an automatic programming function. ) includes the material shape (1a) and the final finished shape (l
b) Consisting of cutting point (lc) and cutting depth (1d) -
Group commands are given. (2) is the machining program (
This is a machining program decoding means that calculates the entire travel path of the tool to machine the final finished shape from the material according to the command given in step 1), and sequentially sends the travel amount of the tool to the machine control mechanism (3).

This machining program decoding means (2) includes a moving amount calculating section (2a) for calculating the moving amount from the current position of the tool attached to the machine (4) to the cutting point, A moving amount calculation unit (2) for the cutting amount that calculates the moving amount.
b〉, Horizontal cutting movement amount calculation unit (2c) that calculates the movement amount in the horizontal direction, Movement amount calculation unit (2d) along the finished shape that calculates the movement amount to the final finished shape, Calculate the return movement amount. A return movement amount calculating unit (2e) and deciphering each movement amount,
The decoding control unit (
2f).

For an example of the definition of the material shape (1a) and final finished shape (lb) commanded by the machining program (1) in the NC device configured as described above, see the cross-sectional view showing the material (5) in Figure 6. and explain.

Material shape (la) is material length (g), material outer diameter X ma
Specify and define x and material inner diameter X win.

On the other hand, the final finished shape (lb) is specified by defining the four shape elements of straight line, taper, convex arc, and concave arc according to the definition method shown in Table 1, and by combining these shape elements.

Table The coordinate system used when defining this shape element is an X-Z coordinate system centered on the coordinate origin R shown in Figure 6, with the radial direction of the material (5) as the X axis and the axial direction as the Z axis. .

The final finished shape (tb) shown in FIG. 6 is composed of a combination of straight lines, concave arcs, and tapers.

Next, the operation when processing the material (5) shown in FIG. 6 by the NC device shown in FIG.
This will be explained with reference to an explanatory diagram showing the tool path shown in the figure.

First, the decoding control section (2) of the machining program decoding means (2)
r) is the material shape (la), final finished shape (1b), and cutting point (
IC), read the cut ffi (ld). The amount of movement from the current tool position to the point of cut is calculated by the amount of movement to the point of cut calculation section (2a) from this read group of commands (step S11). In this calculation, assuming that the tool position at the start of machining is at the coordinate origin (R), the cutting point is a point P (x o ) which is the end of the inner diameter of the material.

0), the tool movement amount to the cutting point P is XO.

Next, based on the value of the depth of cut specified by the depth of cut ffi (ld), the movement amount calculation unit (2b) calculates the amount of movement corresponding to the depth of cut at each processing stage (step 512).

The amount of movement for this depth of cut is as shown in Fig. 7. When cutting with a depth of cut scale is performed in three stages, the first cutting is performed at a point Q (x, ,
0), so D1 The 11th cutting is from point P (x, O) to point Q4 (x4, 0), so it is 2D, and the final cutting is from point Q (x, 0) to point Q (x , o) 1 1
Since it is B B, it will be between D and 2D.

Next, the horizontal cutting movement calculation unit (2c) calculates point Q1 (Xl).

0) intersects with the final finished shape (1b) Q2 (Xl
.

Calculate the amount of movement in the Z-axis direction up to Z2) (Step 3
13). After that, the movement amount calculation unit (2d
) from point Q (X, Z2) to the final finished shape (tb
), the point Q3 (x, z3
), step 514), and the return movement amount calculating section (2e) calculates the amount of movement to point Q3 (Xo.

2) to point P(x, 0) in the Z-axis direction is calculated (step 515). Each movement amount calculated in this way is sent sequentially from the decoding control unit (2r) to the machine control mechanism (3), and the machine control (3)
4) is driven to perform cutting. This process creates the bottom of the final finished shape (lb) in the X-axis direction Q(x, 0)B -Q (x, z) -Q (x, z
) until 7G7 545 (step 5lB), and the cutting process of the inner diameter hole is completed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional NC device configured as described above, when cutting the inner diameter of the hole in the material, it always cuts uniformly to the depths of the hole, so especially in the case of a blind hole. Cutting chips are pushed deep into the hole one after another.

For this reason, it has been necessary for the operator to either stop the operation midway through cutting and remove the cutting waste, or to remove the cutting waste by replacing the tool with a tool designed for removing cutting waste. Therefore, there is a problem that the entire processing time becomes long.

To solve this problem, the hole is divided into several blocks from the entrance to the back, and a command is incorporated into the machining program for each block to increase the inner diameter of the hole starting from the block closest to the entrance. By doing this, the cutting waste becomes short and the hole entrance is wide, so the cutting waste can be easily removed to the outside and can be prevented from being pushed deep into the hole. However, if a machining program is created and commanded for each block, the machining program becomes complicated and the time required to create the machining program increases.

This invention has been made to solve these problems, and provides a numerical control device that shortens the overall machining time when expanding the inner diameter hole of a material and also allows easy creation of machining programs. The purpose is to

[Means for Solving the Problems] A numerical control device according to the present invention includes a block that instructs a machining program the number of divisions to sequentially divide the machining range from the entrance of the hole to the back into a plurality of blocks from the entrance of the hole. A block division processing unit provided in the machining program decoding means is provided with a division command unit, and uses a group of commands such as the material shape, final machining shape, etc. instructed in the machining program and the number of divisions.
A divided finish shape is created for each divided block, and cutting is performed sequentially from the block at the hole entrance.

[Operation] In this invention, a divided finishing shape is created for each block that is sequentially divided from the hole entrance to the back based on a group of commands and the number of divisions given to the machining program. The amount of tool movement is calculated and cutting is performed sequentially starting from the entrance block.

Embodiment FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and in the figure, the same reference numerals as in the conventional example shown in FIG. 5 indicate the same parts. (1e) is a block division command part provided in the machining program (1), and block division command part (1e)
Inputs a command for the number of times N of blocks to be divided sequentially from the entrance to the back of the hole to be cut in the material. (2g) is a block division processing section provided in the machining program decoding section (2), and the block division processing section (2g) is a block division processing section provided in the machining program decoding section (2).
) A divided finishing shape is created for each block by dividing the cutting position of the material according to the command contents given in ().

The processing program shown in Fig. 2 decodes the operation when the material (5) shown in Fig. 6 is divided into three blocks as shown in Fig. 3 and processed using the NC device configured as above. The operation of means (2) will be explained with reference to a flowchart showing the operation.

First, the decoding control section (2) of the machining program decoding means (2)
f) is the material shape (1a), final finished shape (1b), and cutting point (
1c), depth of cut (1d) and block division command unit (1
Read the command contents given in e). The moving amount calculation unit (2a) from this read 1Ff command to the cutting point calculates the moving amount from the current tool position to the cutting point P(x, 0) (step Sl). Next, the block division processing unit (2g) calculates the number of divisions N−3 commanded by the block division command unit (1e) of the machining program (1) and the material shape (1a).
), based on the final finished shape (1b), the processed part of the material (5) is divided into three blocks as shown in Figure 3 (a), (b), and (c), and the new Cutting point P
, P is calculated to create a divided finished shape for each block (step S2). This divided finishing shape is (Q -Q7-P1') in the first block (6) in Fig. 3.
), and in the second block (7), (Q -Q2-P
2), the third block (8) becomes (Q2-Q3).

Next, the divided finishing shape of the first block (6) is read (Step S3), and this divided finishing shape (Q8-Q-P
l) and the value of the depth of cut specified in the machining program (1), the movement amount calculation unit (2b) calculates the amount of movement for the depth of cut as shown in Fig. 4(a).
) as shown in the cutting point P (xo.

0) to point Q(x, O) by the depth of cut is calculated (step S5). After that, the horizontal cutting movement calculation unit (2C) moves from point Q(x, 0) to point Q(
x, z, ) in the Z-axis direction is calculated (step S6). After that, the movement amount calculation unit (2
Step d) calculates the amount of movement from point Q (X, z7) to point P (x, z), which is moved by D in the X-axis direction along the divided finishing shape.Step S7), return movement amount calculation section (2
In e), the amount of return movement in the biaxial directions from point P1 to point P is calculated (step 8g).

The decoding control unit (2r) calculates each movement amount calculated in this way.
is output to the machine control mechanism (3), and controls the machine (4) to cut (P-Ql-Q8-Pl) of the first block (8). Similar processing is performed on the bottom of the X-axis direction (Q
6-Q7) until it is cut (step S9).
, the cutting of the divided finish shape of the first block (6) is completed.

Next, divide the finished shape of the second block (7) (Q7-Q
2-P2) is read out in step S3), from the tool position Q(x, 0) when cutting of the first block (6) is finished, to the new cutting point P (xo.

In step S4), the amount of movement up to z7) is calculated, and the second block (7) is processed in the same way as the first process (6).

When these processes are performed up to the final block and cutting is performed to the bottom (Q2-Q3) of the final finished shape in the biaxial direction (step S10), the process ends.

In the above embodiment, the case where the block division command part (1e) of the machining program (1) commands the number of divisions N of a block is explained, but even if the length in the Z-axis direction to be divided is commanded, the above implementation will not be possible. Processing can be performed in the same way as in the example.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the present invention uses a block of the machining program decoding means to determine the divided finished shape of each block that is sequentially divided from the hole entrance to the back based on a group of commands issued to the machining program and the block division command. This is created in the division processing section, and the amount of tool movement for each block is calculated based on this division finishing shape, and cutting is performed sequentially from the block at the hole entrance, so when expanding the inner diameter of the material, there is no cutting waste. can be easily discharged outside, reducing the overall machining time.

Further, since the machining program only needs to be instructed to specify the number of divisions or the division length along with a group of commands, the machining program can be assembled very easily.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the above embodiment, and FIGS.
b), (c), Figure 4 (a), (b), (c)
3(a) and 3(b) respectively show the operation of the above embodiment.
), (c) is an explanatory diagram showing the divided blocks of the material, the fourth
Figures (a) and (b). (c) is an explanatory diagram showing the path of the tool, FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional example, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the material and final finished shape.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the conventional example, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the path of the tool in the conventional example. <1)...Machining program, Ue)...Block division command section, (2)...Machining program decoding means, (2
g)...Block division processing unit. Note that the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or equivalent parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A group of commands for the material shape, final finished shape, cutting point, and cutting depth are given as a machining program, and the entire movement path of the tool to cut the final finished shape from the material is calculated by this machining program. , is a numerical control device for hole machining with an automatic programming function that is equipped with a machining program decoding means that sequentially sends the movement amount to the machine control mechanism. A block division command part that commands the number of divisions for division is provided in the machining program, and division finishing for each divided block is performed by a group of commands such as material shape, final finished shape, etc. and the number of divisions commanded by the block division command part. A numerical control device characterized in that a block division processing section for creating a shape is provided in a machining program decoding means.