JPH021271B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH021271B2 JPH021271B2 JP56187149A JP18714981A JPH021271B2 JP H021271 B2 JPH021271 B2 JP H021271B2 JP 56187149 A JP56187149 A JP 56187149A JP 18714981 A JP18714981 A JP 18714981A JP H021271 B2 JPH021271 B2 JP H021271B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- video
- standard
- synthetic aperture
- mixer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/4052—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes
- G01S7/406—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes using internally generated reference signals, e.g. via delay line, via RF or IF signal injection or via integrated reference reflector or transponder
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は、合成開口レーダの標準受信信号を
発生する装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for generating standard reception signals for synthetic aperture radar.
合成開口レーダの総合的な動作・性能を検証す
るシステム検証は、通常のレーダのそれと異な
り、レーダセンサ(センサアンテナ、センサ送受
信器を含む)が飛しよう体にとう載され、高速で
移動してはじめてドツプラ周波数で変調された所
望の受信信号が得られるため、実環境のもとでこ
れを行なうことは極めて困難となる。従来では、
レーダセンサを地上に固定しておき、その上空を
高速で移動する物体(航空機や衛星)電波を放射
して得られた受信信号を用いてシステム検証を実
施していた。しかしながら、この方法では、室内
にてシステム検証を実施することは不可能であ
り、また目標が一点であるために、地形・海面の
ような複雑な形状をもつ目標を観測した場合の合
成開口レーダの動作・性能等を検証することはで
きないという欠点があつた。 System verification to verify the overall operation and performance of synthetic aperture radar differs from that of normal radar in that the radar sensor (including sensor antenna and sensor transceiver) is mounted on a flying body and is moving at high speed. Since the desired received signal modulated at the Doppler frequency can only be obtained for the first time, it is extremely difficult to do this in a real environment. Conventionally,
A radar sensor was fixed on the ground, and system verification was performed using the received signal obtained by emitting radio waves from an object (aircraft or satellite) moving at high speed above it. However, with this method, it is impossible to perform system verification indoors, and since the target is a single point, synthetic aperture radar cannot be used when observing targets with complex shapes such as terrain or sea surfaces. The drawback was that it was not possible to verify the operation and performance of the system.
この発明は、これらの欠点を解決して合成開口
レーダが複雑な形状をもつ目標を観測した場合の
性能・動作が室内で検証できるように、合成開口
レーダの標準受信信号を発生する装置を提供しよ
うとするものであり、以下図面について詳細に述
べる。 The present invention solves these shortcomings and provides a device that generates a standard reception signal for synthetic aperture radar so that the performance and operation of synthetic aperture radar when observing targets with complex shapes can be verified indoors. The drawings will be described in detail below.
図はこの発明の実施例であり、図中、1,2は
目標の散乱係数に対応してビデオ帯の標準信号を
発生する装置であり、以下、1をI標準信号発生
装置、2をQ標準信号発生装置と呼ぶことにす
る。3,4はミクサ、5は局部発振器、6は分配
器、7は移相器、8はマジツクTである。 The figure shows an embodiment of the present invention, and in the figure, 1 and 2 are devices that generate standard signals in the video band corresponding to the target scattering coefficient. We will call it the standard signal generator. 3 and 4 are mixers, 5 is a local oscillator, 6 is a distributor, 7 is a phase shifter, and 8 is a magic T.
ところでビデオ帯の標準信号を発生させること
は比較的簡単であり、例えば、計算機によつて標
本化・量子化された上記標準信号を発生させ、こ
れをD/A変換器によりアナログ信号に変換して
発生させる方法がある。I標準信号発生装置1お
よびQ標準信号発生装置2から発生する信号の数
学的表現式を各々MI(t)、MQ(t)とするとそ
れらは、次式で示される。 By the way, it is relatively easy to generate a video band standard signal; for example, by generating the above-mentioned standard signal that has been sampled and quantized by a computer, and converting it into an analog signal by a D/A converter. There is a way to generate this. Letting the mathematical expressions of the signals generated from the I standard signal generator 1 and the Q standard signal generator 2 be M I (t) and M Q (t), respectively, they are shown by the following equations.
MI(t)=∫∫ArKA(θ、)σ0(x、y)r
ect〔t−2R/c/τ〕cos{α/2(t−2R/c)2
−2ω0R/c+Ψ0+Ψ(x、y)}dxdy (1)
MQ(t)∫∫ArKA(θ、)σ0(x、y)rec
t〔t−2R/c/τ〕sin{α/2(t−2R/c)2
−2ω0R/c+Ψ0+Ψ(x、y)}dxdy (2)
ここに、
R=〔(x-x0)2+(y-y0)2+(z-z0)2〕1/2
rect〔t/τ〕=1 |t|τ/2
0 |t|>τ/2
K;レーダ諸元より決まる定数
A(θ、);アジマス角θ、エレベーシヨン角
の関数であるアンテナ放射パターン特性
(x、y、z):目標の位置座標
(x0、y0、z0):衛星の〃
τ:送信パルス幅
ω0:送信角周波数
α:パルス伸長フアクタ
Ψ0:初期位相
c:光速
σ0(x、y):座標(x、y)におけるレーダ散乱
係数の振幅
Ψ(x、y):座標(x、y)におけるレーダ散乱
係数の位相
Ar:アンテナ照射領域
である。第(1)式、第(2)式から明らかなようにMI
(t)とMQ(t)は互いに90゜の位相差をもつてい
る。 M I (t)=∫∫ Ar KA (θ,)σ 0 (x,y)r
ect[t-2R/c/τ] cos {α/2(t-2R/c) 2 −2ω 0 R/c+Ψ 0 +Ψ(x, y)}dxdy (1) M Q (t)∫∫ Ar KA (θ,)σ 0 (x,y)rec
t[t-2R/c/τ] sin {α/2(t-2R/c) 2 −2ω 0 R/c+Ψ 0 +Ψ(x, y)}dxdy (2) Here, R=[(xx 0 ) 2 +(yy 0 ) 2 +(zz 0 ) 2 ] 1/2 rect[t/τ]=1 |t|τ/2 0 |t|>τ/2 K; Constant A determined from radar specifications ( θ, ); Antenna radiation pattern characteristics as a function of azimuth angle θ and elevation angle (x, y, z): Target position coordinates (x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ): Satellite 〃 τ: Transmission pulse width ω 0 : Transmission angular frequency α : Pulse stretching factor Ψ 0 : Initial phase c : Speed of light σ 0 (x, y) : Amplitude of radar scattering coefficient at coordinate (x, y) Ψ (x, y) : Coordinate (x, y) Phase A r of the radar scattering coefficient in y): antenna irradiation area. As is clear from equations (1) and (2), M I
(t) and M Q (t) have a phase difference of 90° from each other.
局部発振器5は、合成開口レーダの送信周波数
と同一の周波数をもつ正弦波信号L(t)を発振
しており、L(t)は分配器6によつて2分配さ
れる。それらのうちの1つはミクサ3のSTALO
(STABLE LOCAL OSCILLATOR)信号LI
(t)として用いられ、他の1つは移相器7によ
つて位相を90゜偏移させられた後にミクサ4の
STALO信号LQ(t)として用いられる。 The local oscillator 5 oscillates a sine wave signal L(t) having the same frequency as the transmission frequency of the synthetic aperture radar, and L(t) is divided into two by the distributor 6. One of them is Mixa 3's STALO
(STABLE LOCAL OSCILLATOR) Signal L I
(t), and the other one is used as the mixer 4 after the phase is shifted by 90° by the phase shifter 7.
It is used as the STALO signal L Q (t).
LI(t)、LQ(t)は各式で与えられる。 L I (t) and L Q (t) are given by each formula.
LI(t)=L(t)=cos(ω0t+Ψ) (3)
LQ(t)=cos(ω0t−π/2+Ψ1)
=sin(ω0t+Ψ1) (4)
ここに、Ψ1はは初期位相であり、ω0は合成開
口レーダの送信角波数である。 L I (t)=L(t)=cos(ω 0 t+Ψ) (3) L Q (t)=cos(ω 0 t−π/2+Ψ 1 ) = sin(ω 0 t+Ψ 1 ) (4) Here , Ψ 1 is the initial phase, and ω 0 is the transmission angular wavenumber of the synthetic aperture radar.
第(1)式、第(2)式で与えられるビデオ帯標準信号
は、各々、第(3)式、第(4)式で与えられるSTALO
信号によつて次式に示すようにRF信号に周波数
変換される。 The video band standard signal given by equations (1) and (2) is the STALO signal given by equations (3) and (4), respectively.
The signal is frequency-converted to an RF signal as shown in the following equation.
VI(t)=MI(t)・cos(ω0t+Ψ1)=1/2∫∫
ArK・A(θ、)σ0(x、y)rect〔t−2R/c/
τ〕2
・〔cos{ω0(t−2R/c)+α/2(t−2R/c
)2+Ψ0+Ψ1+Ψ(x、y)}
+cos{ω0(t−2R/c)−α/2(t−2R/c)
2−Ψ0+Ψ1−Ψ(x、y)}〕dxdy(5)
VQ(t)=MQ(t)sin(ω0t+Ψ1)=1/2∫∫Ar
K・A(θ、)σ0(x、y)rect〔t−2R/c/τ
〕
・〔cos{ω0(t−2R/c)+α/2(t−2R/c
)2+Ψ0+Ψ1+Ψ(x、y)
−cos{ω0(t−2R/c)−α/2(t−2R/c)
2−Ψ0+Ψ1−Ψ(x、y)}〕dxdy(6)
ついで、これらVI(t)、VQ(t)の2信号がマジ
ツクT8に入力され、マジツクT8の加算機能に
よつて次式に示すようにRF帯における合成開口
レーダの標準受信信号V(t)が得られる。 V I (t)=M I (t)・cos(ω 0 t+Ψ 1 )=1/2∫∫
Ar K・A(θ,)σ 0 (x, y)rect[t-2R/c/
τ] 2・[cos{ω 0 (t-2R/c)+α/2(t-2R/c
) 2 +Ψ 0 +Ψ 1 +Ψ(x,y)} +cos{ω 0 (t-2R/c)-α/2(t-2R/c)
2 −Ψ 0 +Ψ 1 −Ψ(x, y)}]dxdy(5) V Q (t)=M Q (t) sin(ω 0 t+Ψ 1 )=1/2∫∫ Ar
K・A(θ,)σ 0 (x, y)rect[t−2R/c/τ
] ・[cos {ω 0 (t-2R/c)+α/2(t-2R/c
) 2 +Ψ 0 +Ψ 1 +Ψ(x,y) −cos{ω 0 (t-2R/c)-α/2(t-2R/c)
2 −Ψ 0 +Ψ 1 −Ψ(x, y)}]dxdy(6) Next, these two signals V I (t) and V Q (t) are input to Magic T8, and are added by the addition function of Magic T8. Then, the standard reception signal V(t) of the synthetic aperture radar in the RF band is obtained as shown in the following equation.
V(t)=∫∫ArK・A(θ、)σ0(x、y)rec
t〔t−2R/c/τ〕cos{ω0(t−2R/c)
+α/2(t−2R/c)2+Ψ0+Ψ1+Ψ(x、y
)}dxdy(7)
このように目標の散乱係数に対応するビデオ帯
の標準信号をまず発生させ、ついでこれを合成開
口レーダの送信周波数と同じ周波数のSTALO信
号を用いてRF帯に周波数変換することによつて
合成開口レーダの標準受信信号を容易に発生させ
ることができる。 V(t)=∫∫ Ar K・A(θ,)σ 0 (x, y)rec
t[t-2R/c/τ] cos {ω 0 (t-2R/c) +α/2(t-2R/c) 2 +Ψ 0 +Ψ 1 +Ψ(x, y
)}dxdy(7) In this way, a standard signal in the video band corresponding to the target scattering coefficient is first generated, and then this is frequency-converted to the RF band using the STALO signal with the same frequency as the transmission frequency of the synthetic aperture radar. As a result, a standard reception signal for synthetic aperture radar can be easily generated.
この方法によれば、合成開口レーダの標準受信
信号をRF帯において直接発生させる方法に比べ
て標準受信信号発生装置の構成が極めて簡単にな
り、その結果、標準受信信号に生じる位相歪が小
さくなり、コヒーレンスの高い標準受信信号が容
易に得られる。 According to this method, the configuration of the standard reception signal generator is extremely simple compared to the method of directly generating the standard reception signal of the synthetic aperture radar in the RF band, and as a result, the phase distortion occurring in the standard reception signal is reduced. , a standard received signal with high coherence can be easily obtained.
以上のようにこの発明によれば、合成開口レー
ダの標準受信信号を容易に発生させることができ
るから、本装置を合成開口レーダのシステム検証
に用いてその効果は極めて大きい。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily generate a standard reception signal for a synthetic aperture radar, so that the present invention can be used for system verification of a synthetic aperture radar, and its effects are extremely large.
図はこの発明による標準受信信号発生装置の実
施例を示すブロツク図であり、図中、1はI標準
信号発生装置、2はQ標準信号発生装置、3,4
はミクサ、5は局部発振器、6は分配器、7は
90゜移相器、8はマジツクTである。
The figure is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the standard received signal generator according to the present invention, in which 1 is the I standard signal generator, 2 is the Q standard signal generator, 3, 4
is a mixer, 5 is a local oscillator, 6 is a distributor, 7 is a
90° phase shifter, 8 is a magic T.
Claims (1)
デオ(VIDEO)信号を発生する手段と、安定化
された局部発振器と、上記局部発振器の出力を2
分配する分配器と、分配器の一つの出力端に接続
される移相器と、一方のチヤンネルのビデオ信号
と分配器の出力信号とを入力信号とする第1のミ
クサと、他方のチヤンネルのビデオ信号と上記移
相器の出力信号とを入力信号とする第2のミクサ
と、上記第1のミクサの出力信号と第2のミクサ
の出力信号とを加え合わせる手段とを備えたこと
を特徴とする合成開口レーダの標準受信信号発生
装置。1. Means for generating two channels of video (VIDEO) signals having a phase difference of 90 degrees from each other, a stabilized local oscillator, and a means for generating two channels of video (VIDEO) signals having a phase difference of 90 degrees from each other, a stabilized local oscillator, and
a first mixer whose input signals are the video signal of one channel and the output signal of the distributor; A second mixer that receives a video signal and the output signal of the phase shifter as input signals, and means for adding together the output signal of the first mixer and the output signal of the second mixer. Standard reception signal generator for synthetic aperture radar.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56187149A JPS5887475A (en) | 1981-11-20 | 1981-11-20 | Generating device for reference reception signal of synthetic aperture radar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56187149A JPS5887475A (en) | 1981-11-20 | 1981-11-20 | Generating device for reference reception signal of synthetic aperture radar |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5887475A JPS5887475A (en) | 1983-05-25 |
| JPH021271B2 true JPH021271B2 (en) | 1990-01-10 |
Family
ID=16200972
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56187149A Granted JPS5887475A (en) | 1981-11-20 | 1981-11-20 | Generating device for reference reception signal of synthetic aperture radar |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5887475A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5211787B2 (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2013-06-12 | 日本電気株式会社 | Radar simulation signal generator |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5517464A (en) * | 1978-07-24 | 1980-02-06 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Artificial radar signal generator |
-
1981
- 1981-11-20 JP JP56187149A patent/JPS5887475A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5887475A (en) | 1983-05-25 |
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