JPH02140301A - Device for fixing rail and cross tie - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To fix a crosstie by use of a rigid insertion member by pushing a clip into the arm underside of an insertion member to assemble the clip to make a rail holding condition, and surrounding the insertion member arm by a loop to let the outside to get in contact with a base part flange. CONSTITUTION: An elastic base bottom member 2 between a rail and a crosstie, a stopper 3 on each side of a rail base part flange 4, clips 5A, 5B in the rail crossing direction, and loops 6A, 6B are provided to cooperate with an insertion member 7 on each side of the rail to get in contact with the base part flange 4. Outer side parts 30, 70 of the loops 6A, 6B are brought to get in contact with the base part flange 4 to press loop inner side parts 32, 72 to the underside of an arm 15 for applying holding pressure to the base part flange 4. The arm 15 is disposed to be parallel to the rail on the outside of the base part flange 4 to set the insertion member 7 rigid, and inner ends 32 of the loops 6A, 6B are set to be adjacent to the arm 15. Pressure and abrasion can thus be reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device, a clip and an insert for securing railway rails to sleepers.

(Prior Art) In railways, a base member is placed between a rail and a sleeper. This base member has elasticity and absorbs shock9.
It is necessary to constantly press the rail against this base member to prevent the two from displacing each other. This is to resist diagonal forces from the vehicle and maintain an acceptable distance between the two rails, and prevents longitudinal slippage of the rails relative to the sleepers due to braking, acceleration or temperature changes. This is a lick to prevent reaping. Therefore, the rail fixing device needs to elastically fix the rail to the sleeper. To provide this elasticity, the fixation device has a spring function.

The locking device that provides this spring function includes a spring clip. This spring clip is fixed by various means to the sleeper or to the metal intermediate base plate arranged between the sleeper and the rail. The clip also includes a portion that elastically presses against the rail (usually pressing against the upper part of the base flange of the rail). Transform the clip and arrange the clip. When deformed in this way, elastic energy is accumulated due to the principle of elastic energy W.

The clip disclosed in French Painting Patent No. 2,365,003 "Tempering Spring" is composed of a loop-shaped clamp. One end of this clamp forms the base member and the other end forms the shaft. These ends are offset from each other. The shaft is inserted into a slot formed in the fixing member. One end of the clamp forming the base member supports the base flange of the rail, and the other end of the clamp forming the shaft engages the slot of the fixing member to prevent twisting of the clip. Since both ends are shifted in the lateral direction in this manner, the fixing member is not surrounded by the clip, and the clip is extremely susceptible to deformation depending on the lifting length or inclination of the rail. This is because the clip has only two contact points. That is, one location is a location that contacts the rail at one end forming the base member, and the other location is a location that is inserted into the slot of the fixing member. Also in this disclosure, the plane of the loop and the plane of deflection are parallel to the rail.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,312,478 (Matsuno) discloses that the working portion of the clip or the working portion of the insert is perpendicular to the rail, and the clip is connected to the insert through an aperture. The insert member is moved laterally parallel to the rail to accommodate a portion of the insert member within the opening and prevent movement of the clip.

DE 1,130,461 (Foraslow) discloses an insert that supports a loop-shaped clip from the outside.

The clip disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,570,871 (Schultz) relies entirely on the dimensions of its constituent blades for its flexibility. This clip does not provide any rigidity to the can 1 of the rail, nor does it provide a loop to encircle the insert. As a result, energy cannot be stored with minimal stress.

The clip described in Modern Plastics, Volume 41, No. 5, Page 121, January 1964, consists of a substantially horizontal blade. One end of this blade supports the rail and the other end is curved to contact the sleeper. An insert member passes through the blade.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The purpose of the present invention is to solve the following new technical problems and to provide many functions not previously provided.

To realize a rail clip that does not require screw fastening, satisfy the demand for such a clip, and adapt it to mechanization.

To provide a lightweight spring having a high natural frequency using a plate-shaped rail clip. This clip has a wide contact surface with the rail, reducing pressure and wear. Alternatively, if desired, a clip of circular or square steel wire is provided. This wire clip uses the same principle as the plate clip and is used with similar sleepers and similar inserts.

The rail clip can be placed simply by moving in a direction parallel to the rail, facilitating the installation work, and can be installed by a movement parallel to the movement of the installation vehicle.

It is possible to use a rigid insert as a fixing means. The insert has a portion for holding the clip in a deformed state, this portion being substantially parallel to the rail.

This takes into account the movement of the cant of the rail, i.e. the inclination of the rail with respect to the foundation, i.e. the rotational movement of the rail about an axis parallel to the rail. The clip must elastically follow the movement of the rail and must constantly contact the rail to press it against its base member. It is therefore necessary that the clip does not create opposing force couples in rotational motion. The insert part supports the clip parallel to the rail.

The rotation axis of the clip and the rotation axis of the rail are parallel.

Depending on the functionality and flexibility required of the clip, it is necessary to fit different types and sizes of clips into the insertion member. For this reason, it is possible to use an insert member that does not limit the transverse length of the 9-clip clip, which must be able to accommodate the desired clip without replacing the insert member in the same sleeper. do. This length is the length when the overall dimensions of the clip are measured in a direction perpendicular to the rail.

The clip is supported on the insert inside the loop of the clip. This loop is the main loop of the clip and is the loop that accumulates maximum deflection during clip placement. A large loop allows the clip to have high visibility and remain within permissible stress limits (the point of application of the force that the insert applies to the clip is located closest to the end of the taut loop, and on the inside, not on the outside). This is a major feature of the present invention.

It is also possible, as in German Patent No. 1,130,461, for a part of the insert to support the outside of the loop rather than the inside.9 However, in this case the point of application of the force that the insert applies to the clip is , away from the loop body of the clip, the clip will be most stressed in traction and the stress acting on the clip will be very high. The present invention avoids this.

Furthermore, the fixing device of the present invention provides elasticity against vertical movement of the base flange edge of the rail relative to the sleeper, and also provides elasticity against vertical movement of the base flange edge of the rail when the upward movement of the base flange edge of the rail exceeds a predetermined value. Provides functionality to prevent this.

This is a basic safety measure against rail cant movement. Rail cant movement occurs particularly at rail curves, and also occurs when highly flexible base members are used below the rail to protect the sleepers and protect the track's levelness9. is the first to satisfactorily solve these technical problems.

(Means for Solving the Problem) In order to solve the above problem, the present invention device for fixing a rail to a sleeper includes an elastic base member disposed between the rail and the sleeper, and a base flange of the rail. It comprises a stop located on each side, an insert member located on each side of the rail, and two clips contacting the base flange of the rail and cooperating with the insert member. The insertion member has an arm extending parallel to the rail and a free space formed below the arm. The loops are arranged transversely to the rail and each has a loop. When assembled into a rail gripping state by pushing the clip under the arm of the insert, the loop of the clip completely surrounds the arm of the insert and the outer portion of the loop of the clip is attached to the rail. Upon contacting the base flange, the inner portion of the loop generates a gripping pressure against the base flange of the rail.

As another feature of the invention, the loop of the spring clip is substantially helical in shape as shown in end view in FIG.

In a variant of the invention, a spring clip made of flat steel is used.9 In a further variant of the invention, the flat steel is laminated and provided with local cutouts to optimize the stress distribution.

As a further feature of the invention, the spring clip is made of an insulating material.

As yet another feature of the invention, the spring clip has a stop portion for laterally holding the rail.

In a further variant of the invention, the spring clip is made of steel wire.

In a further variant of the invention, the insert is provided with an entry ramp to facilitate the movement and positioning of the spring clip.9 As a further feature of the invention, the arms of the insert include: Extending parallel to the rail outside the extent of the base flange of the rail.

Yet another feature of the invention is that the inner end of the loop of the spring clip is located substantially flush with the edge of the base flange of the rail, and the arm of the insert member is located within the loop of the spring clip. Contact the loop adjacent the end.

In a further variant of the invention, the clip is constituted by a single wire, which wire has two loops and a connection part 3 which is curved in the direction of the rail and connects the two loops to each other; An inner end portion of the connecting portion is pushed into the underside of the arm of the insert member.

In yet another variant of the invention, the clip is constituted by a single plate or blade, one end of which is substantially helical.

In a further variation of the invention, the clip is electrically insulated from the base flange of the rail and includes at least one insulating lateral stop, which lateral stop connects the support of the clip and the rail. inserted into the pressure area between the base flange of the

In yet another modification of the invention, the lateral stop flange extends rearward and forms a boss at one end thereof to support the rear end of the clip.

Yet another feature of the invention is the provision of a fixation clip as described above.

Yet another feature of the invention is the provision of a fixation insert as described above.

(Operation) The clip according to the present invention is designed so as not to generate opposing force couples at the connection point between the clip and the insertion member.

This rotational movement of the rail about its longitudinal axis is blocked and not propagated at the connection between the interior of the loop and the insert holding it.

The clip of the present invention has a shape perpendicular to the rail. That is, it has a flat spiral shape drawn in a plane perpendicular to the rail. The bending action during placement of the clip and the movement of the clip after placement also takes place in a plane perpendicular to the rail.

The helical shape of the clip is designed such that the cant rise of the rail does not exceed a predetermined value.

Conventional clips do not have and cannot achieve such a helical shape.

The part of the insert according to the invention which holds the clip is completely surrounded by the outer clip loop after assembly. The active part of the insert extending parallel to the rail is hidden within the loop of the clip during assembly.9 The clip of the present invention is a three-point clip. The point of application of the reaction force due to the contact with the sleeper, the point of application of the reaction force due to the contact with the sleeper,
and a gripping force application point applied inside the loop.

(Implementation M) Detailed explanation of the present invention with reference to the drawings 9 Figures 1 to 5
In the figure, the device for fixing the rail to the sleeper includes an elastic base member 2 disposed between the rail and the sleeper, a stopper 3 disposed on each side of the base flange 4 of the rail, and a stopper 3 disposed on each side of the base flange 4 of the rail. An insertion member 7 and two clips 5A arranged laterally.

5B. The clips 5A, 5B cooperate with the insert 7 and contact the base flange 4 of said rail. Each insert 7 has an arm 15 extending parallel to the rail and defining a free space 16 below this arm 15 . Clips 5A, 5B are arranged transversely of the rail, and loop 6A
, 6B.

In the gripping state of the rail, the outer parts 3 of these loops
0.70 contacts the base flange 4 of the rail, and the inner part 32.72 of the loop is pressed into the underside of the arm 15 of the insert 7 to apply a gripping pressure to the base flange 4 of the rail.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, arm 15 of insert member 7
are arranged parallel to the rail on the outside of the flared end of the base flange 4 of the rail.

The other part of the insert 7 is bent at the point indicated by the number 14, giving it rigidity.

As shown in FIG. 3, each insertion member 7 has a clip 5A.

It is placed outside 5B.

The active part of the insert 7 is an arm 15 arranged parallel to the rail.

As a feature of the present invention, the loop 6A of the clips 5A and 5B
, 6B are located substantially at the same height as the edge of the base flange 4 of the rail.

On the other hand, the arm 15 of the insert member 7 contacts the loops 6A, 6B adjacent to the inner end 32.

Clip 5A on the right side of the rail as shown in Figure 1.
shows the state before assembly, and the clip 5 on the left side of the rail
B shows the state after assembly. The triangular clip 5B supports the pressure area 10 of the base flange 4 of the rail. The elastic base member 2 is a pre-assembled clip 5A disposed between the base flange 4 of the rail and the support base 9 provided on the sleeper l.
and clip 5B after assembly, each loop 6A, 6
The curvature of B is different. This curvature decreases when moving from state 6A to state 6B.

The loop of each clip is deformed by the lower end 11 of the arm 15 of the insert member 7 and maintained in a curved state. The insertion member 7 is basically attached or fixed to the sleeper 1 in an irremovable manner. The insert member 7 may be integrated with the rail support 9. Particularly when the rail support 9 is a metal base plate, it can be integrally formed. This metal base plate can be indirectly installed on all types of sleepers, including wooden, metal and concrete.

Upon final placement of the clip 5A on the insert member 7.

When viewed from the side, the loop 6A is connected to the arm 1 of the insert member 7.
The stop 3 which completely surrounds 5 serves to hold the rail laterally immovable. This stopper 3 can be provided in advance on the sleeper 1 before attaching the clip 5A (5B). Alternatively, this may be provided on the clip 5A (5B)9 In this case, the stopper 3 may be attached to the clip 5A (5B) by bonding, fastening,
Formed by integral molding, etc. The stopper 3 is preferably made of plastic.

The small plate 8 locally supports the rear part of the clip 5B (5A) and prevents the clip 5B (5A) from coming into direct contact with the sleeper 1. This small plate 8 is clip 5B
(5A) or provided in advance on the sleeper 1. If the clip 5B (5A) and the sleeper 1 can be in direct contact, a local boss can be attached to the sleeper 1 as a substitute for the small plate 8. It may be provided. Furthermore, the small plate 8 can be integrally formed with the stopper 3 to reduce the number of parts. In this case, a stop 3 can be used which has a very wide surface perpendicular to the rail. Alternatively, the rear end of the stopper 3 can be provided with a tongue extending over the sleeper and can be used as a small plate 8.

The small plate 8 has the function of supporting the rear part of the clip 5B (5A), and also serves to prevent the clip from rotating in a plane about an axis perpendicular to the rail support 9. In this case, the small plate 8 8 causes vA to work with the boss or recess provided in the sleeper 1.

If insulation is required to prevent current from flowing from one rail to the other rail or from the rail to the ground, the base member 2, stopper 3, and small plate 8 must have insulation properties. be.

Round lip 5A (5B) and rail base flange 4
It is necessary to provide an insulating lining in the pressure area 10 of the outer support 3o of the loop 6A (6B) which contacts the base flange 4 of the rail between the two. Alternatively, the insertion member 7 itself needs to be insulating.

If an insulating lining is provided in the outer support 30 between the loop 6A (6B) and the base flange 4 of the rail, this lining is an insulating member integral with the stop 3.

The rounded lip 5A (5B) itself may be formed of an insulating material. In this case, the base member 2 and the stopper 3 are also made insulative.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the device. The clip 5A shown on the right side of the figure is in its free position before assembly.

As shown on the left side of the figure, the loop 6B of the clip 5B after assembly covers most of the arm 15 of the insert member 7.

As can be seen from this figure, to place the clip 5A in position, move the clip 5A parallel to the rail and bring it into contact with the vertical part of the insert 7.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the upper part of the insertion member 7. FIG.

The insert member 7 is made of a machinable material and is essentially non-removable 9. In other words, the insert member 7 is fixed, glued or welded to the sleeper l'i or the base plate. The arms 15 of the insert 7 extend substantially parallel to the rails. The lower edge 11 of this arm 15 contacts the inside of the loop 6B (6A) of the clip 5B (5A). The free space 16 below the lower edge 11 also allows the clip 5B (5A) to enter.

The outer end portion 12 of the arm 15 of the insertion member 7 is a detent for preventing the clip 5B after assembly from separating from the insertion member 7 due to vibration of the rail or vibration. Lower edge 1
1 and the outer end portion 12 is set to the necessary minimum of, for example, about 2 to 3rr1M, so that the curvature of the clip 5B does not become unnecessarily large. Once the ends of the loops 6A of the clips 5A have all passed through the outer end 12 of the insert 7, the ends of the loops 6A are elastically raised and come into contact with the lower edge 11 of the insert 7.

Although the entry ramp 13 is not essential, it is useful for positioning the clip 5A. 9 Without the entry ramp 13 having the correct dimensions, the loop 6A would have to be pushed down vertically when moving the clip 5A toward the insert 7 and assembling it. First, the depression must be released after the clip 5A is at least partially coupled to the underside of the outer end 12.

The bent portion 14 of the insertion member 7 is provided to reinforce the insertion member 7. Preferably, each head of the sleeper 1 is provided with two inserts 7 each.

That is, it is preferable to provide four insert members per sleeper. The two inserts for the same sleeper head, ie for the same rail, are arranged symmetrically with respect to the sleeve length or center line of the rail support 9.

FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the clip before assembly (5A) and after assembly (5B). For simplicity, the clip is shown only as a neutral line with no thickness.

The deflection Δ is measured on the loop at the point of contact of the lower edge 11 of the insert 7. The greater the deflection Δ, the more force the clip will apply to the rail due to its reaction, and the more elastic the clip will be.

The gap J between the lower end of the loop 6B of the clip 5B and the top of the portion 50B is determined by the dimensions of the insert 7 and the clip tab 5B. This is selected as a function of the permissible lift distance of the rail.

When the edge of the base flange 4 of the rail is raised past the JMI, portion 50B of clip 5B contacts the lower edge of portion 60B of loop 6B. This portion 60B is supported by the lower edge 11 of the rigid insert 7, and the forces 9R and F that prevent the rail from lifting are the reactions of the force Q generated by the deflection Δ. As shown in Figure 1, F
is the front reaction force, which provides a force for gripping the rail in the pressure area 10 of the portion 30 of the clip 5B on the base flange 4 of the rail.

R is a rear support reaction force, which is generated locally on the small plate 8 shown in FIG.

Clip 5B between regions where reaction forces R and F act
The section is straight or slightly convex. When positioning the clip 5B, its shape changes slightly, but the elastic energy is essentially stored by the loop 6B 9 The inner ends 32 of the loops 6A, 6B have a slightly concave recess 6
0A, 60B and serves to position the clips 5A, 5B transversely to the rail.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the clip 5A (5B).

This clip is made of laminated flat steel to optimize the stress in the loop of the clip. The clips may be provided with end notches, such as those commonly formed at the ends of leaf springs for truck suspensions, i.e. the width of the loops 6A, 6B of the clips 5A, 5B is the width of the pressure area 10 in contact with the rail. can be narrower than.

FIG. 6 shows a modification of the invention in which the clip is formed from a wire rather than a plate.

In this modification, the clip consists of a single wire 5A, and the two loops 6A are connected to each other by a connection 72. This connecting part 72 is curved in the direction of the rail and is pushed into the lower side of the arm 15 of the insertion member 7.

This clip is the clip 5A shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.
Similar to (5B), contact is made with the base flange 4 of the rail by two regions 70 located at the beginning of the loop 6A.

The material of the clip in this case is preferably steel, the insert member 7
The principle and shape of the device and the principle of the entire device are the same as those of the previous embodiment. In the case of this wire clip as well, local parts can be integrated.

The present invention includes a fixing device, a clip and an insert for fixing a rail to a sleeper as a new industrial product.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 shows an end view of the rail fixed according to the invention; FIG. 2 shows a top view of FIG. 1; and FIG. 3 shows the top of an insert permanently fixed to the top of a sleeper or base plate. The perspective view, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a deformed state in the arrangement of the spring clip, FIG. 5 is, and FIG. 6 is. Perspective view showing an example of a plate clip, Perspective view showing an example of a round steel clip 16...Free space of insertion member 7...Sleeper 2...Base member 3...Stopper 4... Rail base flanges 5A, 5B...Clips 6A, 6B...Loops 7 of clips 5A, 5B...
Insert member 8...Small plate 9...Rail support 10...Pressure area 11...Lower edge 12 of insert member 7...Outer end 13 of insert member 7...Insert member 7 Entry slope 14...Bending portion 15 of insertion member 7...Arm of insertion member 7

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An elastic base member disposed between the rail and the sleeper; a stopper disposed on each side of the base flange of the rail; and a stopper disposed on each side of the rail; an insert member having an arm extending parallel to said rail and a free space formed below said arm; two clips in contact with a base flange, each clip having a loop, the loops of the clips being assembled into a rail gripping condition by pushing the clips onto the underside of the arms of the insert member; fully encircling the arm of the clip, an outer portion of the loop of the clip contacts a base flange of the rail, and an inner portion of the loop applies a gripping pressure against the base flange of the rail;
A fixing device that fixes the rail to the sleepers. 2. The fixation device of claim 1, wherein the loops of the clip have a helical shape substantially as shown in end view in FIG. 3. The fixing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the clip is a spring clip made of flat steel. 4. The fixing device according to claim 3, wherein the flat steel is laminated and local notches are provided for optimizing stress distribution. 5. The fixing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spring clip is made of an insulating material. 6. The fixing device according to claim 5, wherein the spring clip has a stop portion for laterally holding the rail. 7. An anchoring device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spring clip is made of steel wire. 8. A fixation device according to any of claims 3 to 7, wherein the insert member has an entry ramp for providing convenience in moving and positioning the spring clip. 9. the arm of the insert member is located outside the extent of the base flange of the rail and extends parallel to the rail;
Fixation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 10, an inner end of the loop of the clip is located at substantially the same height as an edge of the base flange of the rail, and an arm of the insert member is connected to the loop at a location adjacent to the inner end of the loop of the clip; 10. An anchoring device according to any of claims 1 to 9, in contact. 11. The clip is composed of a single wire, the wire has two loops and a connecting part that curves in the direction of the rail and connects the two loops to each other, and the inner end of the connecting part is 11. An anchoring device according to any of claims 1 to 10, which is pushed into the underside of the arm of the insertion member. 12. A fixation device according to any of claims 1-6 or 8-10, wherein the clip consists of a single plate or blade, one end of which is substantially helical. 13. The clip is electrically insulated from the base flange of the rail and includes at least one insulating lateral stop, the lateral stop being in a pressure area between the support of the clip and the base flange of the rail. Fixation device according to any of claims 3 to 7, which is inserted. 14. The fixing device according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the lateral stopper extends rearward and forms a boss at one end thereof to support the rear end of the clip. 15. The rail fixing clip according to any one of claims 1 to 14. 16. The rail fixing insert member according to any one of claims 1 to 14.