JPH02144406A - Filth-resistant device for water-intake ditch - Google Patents

Filth-resistant device for water-intake ditch

Info

Publication number
JPH02144406A
JPH02144406A JP63296355A JP29635588A JPH02144406A JP H02144406 A JPH02144406 A JP H02144406A JP 63296355 A JP63296355 A JP 63296355A JP 29635588 A JP29635588 A JP 29635588A JP H02144406 A JPH02144406 A JP H02144406A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
panel
water intake
water
ditch
conductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP63296355A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2544465B2 (en
Inventor
Masahiro Usami
正博 宇佐美
Kenji Ueda
健二 植田
Shozo Ota
太田 昭三
Tsutomu Horiguchi
堀口 勉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CHIYOURIYOU ENG KK
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Choryo Engineering Co Ltd
Original Assignee
CHIYOURIYOU ENG KK
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Choryo Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CHIYOURIYOU ENG KK, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd, Choryo Engineering Co Ltd filed Critical CHIYOURIYOU ENG KK
Priority to JP63296355A priority Critical patent/JP2544465B2/en
Publication of JPH02144406A publication Critical patent/JPH02144406A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2544465B2 publication Critical patent/JP2544465B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20Hydro energy

Landscapes

  • Prevention Of Fouling (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the adhesion of a marine organism by installing an electric circuit using a conductive coating material film applied onto a panel such as an acrylic resin board as the positive side and a metallic member arranged into a water-intake ditch sectional space section as the negative side into a water intake ditch. CONSTITUTION:A panel 3 such as an acrylic resin board, a rigid polyvinyl chloride sheet, etc., is coated with a vinyl group binder, and an acrylic resin group, an urethane resin group, etc., are applied as a conductive material, thus forming a conductive coating material film 4. The panel 3 is fixed to the concrete wall 1 of a water intake ditch by underwater curing type adhesives by employing bolt-nuts 5 made of plastics. An electric circuit using the conductive coating material film 4 as an anode and a steel bar 6 mounted in the sea as a cathode is conducted, sea water is electrolyzed, and hypochlorite ions are generated. Accordingly, the adhesion of a marine organism onto the wall of the water intake ditch can be prevented completely.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は例えば発電ブラントの冷却用水として海水を利
用する設備における海水取水溝の7毎洋生物による汚染
を防止する装置に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a device for preventing contamination by marine organisms of a seawater intake groove in equipment that uses seawater as cooling water for a power generation blunt, for example.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

従来の海水の取水溝を第5図によって説明する。第3図
において、1はコンクリート製又は鋼管製の取水溝、2
は海水を示す。
A conventional seawater intake groove will be explained with reference to FIG. In Figure 3, 1 is a water intake ditch made of concrete or steel pipes, 2
indicates seawater.

海水2は取水溝1を経て、例えば発′m用ブヲントのタ
ービンの冷却水として用いるために取水される。
Seawater 2 is taken through a water intake groove 1 to be used, for example, as cooling water for a turbine in a starting point.

取水溝の壁面には海洋生物が付着するため、付着生物が
脱落してブラントを損傷させたり、付着生物により取水
溝が狭くなって冷却永世に不足を来たすというような問
題がある。そのだめ、取水溝が鋼管の場合は、その表面
に防汚塗料を塗装して海洋生物の付着を防止したり、取
水溝がコンクリートの場合はブラントの休止時に人工的
に付着生物の除去作業を行うか、または塩素注入して海
洋生物の付着を防止する手段が採られている。
Since marine organisms adhere to the walls of the water intake groove, there are problems such as the attached organisms falling off and damaging the blunt, or the intake groove being narrowed by the attached organisms, resulting in insufficient cooling capacity. If the intake groove is made of steel pipes, the surface should be coated with antifouling paint to prevent marine organisms from adhering to it, or if the intake groove is made of concrete, artificial removal of attached organisms should be carried out when the blunting is stopped. Measures are being taken to prevent marine organisms from attaching to the water, such as cleaning or injecting chlorine.

〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕[Problem to be solved by the invention]

発電ブラントの取水溝は縦横それぞれ数m、長さ数百m
に及び、取水溝壁面に付着する海洋生物の厚さは数十国
となるため膨大な量となり、除去作業、廃棄作業には極
めて困難が伴う。
The water intake groove of the power generation brand is several meters long and several hundred meters long.
The thickness of the marine life that adheres to the walls of the water intake ditch is several dozen countries, which is an enormous amount, and removal and disposal work is extremely difficult.

発電プラントの冷却用海水の取水はプラントの性能維持
上不可欠なため、取水溝を2系列設備してプラントを休
止することなく取水溝を交互に清掃するなどの対策が採
られているが、それだけ設備に費用がか−る。又、取水
溝に生物付着を防止するために、塩素を注入する手段も
あるが、取水全通に塩素を注入することに彦るため、排
水時に周囲の海水の塩素イオン濃度が高くなり、養殖で
生計を営んでいる住民に影響があるので、この手段はあ
まり画用されていない。
Intake of seawater for cooling in power plants is essential for maintaining plant performance, so measures have been taken such as installing two lines of intake ditches and cleaning the intake ditches alternately without shutting down the plant. Equipment is expensive. In addition, there is a method of injecting chlorine into the water intake channel to prevent biofouling, but since chlorine is injected into the entire water intake, the concentration of chlorine ions in the surrounding seawater becomes high when draining water, which can lead to problems with aquaculture. This method is not widely used because it affects the people who make a living in the area.

本発明は上記技術水準に鑑み、海水の取水溝を合目的に
防汚する装置を提供しようとするものでおる。
In view of the above-mentioned state of the art, the present invention aims to provide a device for purposefully stain-proofing seawater intake channels.

〔課題を解決するための手段〕[Means to solve the problem]

本発明は、 (1)[1]導電塗料喚を塗布したパネル、■該パネル
を取付けた取水溝、■核導電塗料模をグラス側とし、取
水溝断面空間部に配置された金−製部材をマイナス側と
する′1!気回路よりなる取水溝の防汚装置 (2)■導電塗料幌を塗布したバネμ、■該パネルを絶
縁分割し取付けた取水溝、■該パネルの一方をグラス側
、他方をマイナス側とする電気回路よりなる取水溝の防
汚装置 である。
The present invention comprises: (1) [1] A panel coated with a conductive paint; ■ A water intake groove to which the panel is attached; ■ A metal member with the nuclear conductive paint pattern on the glass side and placed in the cross-sectional space of the water intake groove. '1 with negative side! Water intake groove antifouling device consisting of air circuit (2) ■ Spring μ coated with conductive paint canopy, ■ Water intake groove installed by dividing the panel into insulation, ■ One side of the panel is the glass side and the other side is the negative side. This is an antifouling device for water intake ditches consisting of an electric circuit.

〔作用〕[Effect]

導電崖料膜の体積固有抵抗値が10?Ω・譚以下であれ
ば、海水中でこの導を塗料嘆を陽極、別置の金属製部材
を陰極とするか、又は絶縁分割された一方の導電塗料嘆
を陽極、他方の導電塗料嘆を陰極として通電すると、海
水が電気分解し、次亜塩素酸イオンfr、発生する。こ
の時、電流密度a 01 A / m ”以上、海水中
の陽分極電位1000 mV付近以上の条件で発生する
次亜塩素酸イオン(この濃度はa 1 ppm前後)は
取水溝の海洋生物の付着を十分に防止する。
Is the volume resistivity value of the conductive cliff material film 10? If it is less than Ω.tan, conduct this conductivity in seawater by using the paint as the anode and a separate metal member as the cathode, or use the conductive paint on one side of the insulated split as the anode and the other conductive paint as the cathode. When electricity is applied as a cathode, seawater is electrolyzed and hypochlorite ions fr are generated. At this time, hypochlorite ions (this concentration is around a 1 ppm) generated under the conditions of a current density of a 01 A/m or higher and an anodic polarization potential of 1000 mV or higher in seawater can cause the adhesion of marine organisms in the intake ditch. sufficiently prevent

対掌取水溝壁面がコンクリート製である場合や、既設の
取水溝で海水に浸っている場合には、導電塗料嘆を直接
塗装することは困難であるので、導#を塗料模をパネル
に塗装しておき、このバネA/ft、取水溝壁に施工す
るようにする。
If the intake ditch walls are made of concrete or if the existing intake ditch is submerged in seawater, it is difficult to apply conductive paint directly to the panel. Then, install this spring A/ft on the intake groove wall.

〔実施例1〕 以下、本発明の一実施例を第1図によって説明する。[Example 1] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

第1図において、1は取水溝の例えばコンクリートの壁
、3はパネル、4は導′道塗料嘆、5はボルトナツト、
6は取水溝断面空間部に配置された金属製部材(例えば
1ロ、7はiMt部を示す。
In Fig. 1, 1 is a concrete wall of a water intake ditch, 3 is a panel, 4 is a guideway paint layer, 5 is a bolt nut,
Reference numeral 6 indicates a metal member (for example, 1ro, and 7 indicates an iMt portion) disposed in the cross-sectional space of the water intake groove.

バネ7t、’3の材質は硬質塩化ビニル板、アクリル樹
脂板、エポキシ樹脂または不飽和ポリエステル樹脂使用
のFRP仮などが使用できるが、ll!jt海水性であ
れば他の有機質材料はもとより無機質材料も種・頃を問
わず使用できる。
The material of spring 7t, '3 can be hard vinyl chloride board, acrylic resin board, epoxy resin, or temporary FRP using unsaturated polyester resin, but ll! jtAs long as it is seawater-based, other organic materials as well as inorganic materials can be used regardless of the species and age.

/<4〜3への導電塗料の塗装に際しては、パネル3と
の密青1生を考慮してバインダーコート、例えばビニル
系バインダーを塗装しておくことが囁ましいが、密着性
に支障なければ省略してもよい。
When applying conductive paint to /<4 to 3, it is recommended to apply a binder coat, such as a vinyl binder, in consideration of the dark blue color with panel 3, but it is necessary to do so without interfering with adhesion. It may be omitted.

導電塗料としてはアクリル樹脂系、ウレタン樹脂系、ビ
ニμ樹脂系、バインダーに、導電材料として例えば粒径
数μm〜数十μmのグラファイト粉末(その他、カーボ
ンブラック、T1 など耐電解性で導!注のあるものな
らば何れでもよい)を体積比で40〜65%混入したも
のを使用し、生成する導電塗料嘆4の体積固有抵抗を1
03〜10″″!Ω・凛とするのが好ましい。このよう
な導″を塗料嘆4であると通電により海水の電気分解が
容易であり、防汚有効成分の発生もよい。導電塗料組成
は塗装作業性、i耐海水性、耐電気分解性に支障がなけ
れば種類、成分割合は問わない。
Conductive paints include acrylic resins, urethane resins, vinyl μ resins, binders, and conductive materials such as graphite powder with a particle size of several μm to several tens of μm (others include carbon black, T1, etc., which are electrolytically resistant and conductive). Use a material containing 40 to 65% by volume of 40% to 65% by volume of 40% to 65% of the volume ratio of
03~10″″! Ω・Dignified is preferable. If this type of conductive material is used as a paint material, it will be easy to electrolyze seawater by energizing, and the generation of antifouling active ingredients will be good.The conductive paint composition will improve painting workability, seawater resistance, and electrolysis resistance. The type and proportion of ingredients do not matter as long as there is no problem.

電流分布を広範囲に維持するため、上記の導電塗料を上
層に、高導を性塗料、例えば銅糸またはニッケy系粉末
を導電材料として上記のバインダーを使用し塗妨中の銅
またはニッケルの体積比が50〜40%の高導電性塗料
(体積固有抵抗10〜10 Ω・1)を下層に塗装する
のが実用的に有利である。また、高導電性塗料を下層に
塗装する代妙に、高導′醒性の金属(例えばAt 、C
uなど)又は金属酸化物々どの板や溶射嘆を下りに設け
て、下り全高専1(体積固有抵抗10〜10 Ω・a)
にすることも実用的に有利である。このように上下2層
にするのは、もし1腎のみで高導電性、耐電解性の導電
塗料模にするためには導電性材料として白金を使用する
以外にはないがコスト的に実用化が不可能であるので、
下層を高専′wL性にし、上層を耐電解性にする組合せ
とするものである。
In order to maintain current distribution over a wide range, the volume of copper or nickel in the coating is reduced by using the above-mentioned conductive paint as an upper layer, a highly conductive paint such as copper thread or nickel powder as a conductive material, and the above-mentioned binder. It is practically advantageous to coat the lower layer with a highly conductive paint having a ratio of 50 to 40% (volume resistivity 10 to 10 Ω·1). Also, instead of coating the lower layer with a highly conductive paint, highly conductive metals (such as At, C, etc.) are also used.
U, etc.) or metal oxide plates or thermal spraying plates are installed on the downstream side, and all technical colleges 1 (volume resistivity 10 to 10 Ω・a) are installed on the downstream side.
It is also practically advantageous to do so. If you want to create a highly conductive and electrolytic resistant conductive paint with only one layer, the only way to create two layers, upper and lower, is to use platinum as the conductive material, but it is not practical due to cost considerations. is not possible, so
This is a combination in which the lower layer is made to have a technical strength and the upper layer is made to be electrolytically resistant.

導電塗料膿4の乾燥嘆厚は1.留1換の時は200〜4
00μm、2層膜の時は下り瞭が100〜200μm、
上位膜が200〜400μmが実用的であるが、画人寿
命に関係するため、防汚性能に支障がなけれはル″:!
厚は特に限定されるものではない。
The dry thickness of conductive paint Pus 4 is 1. 200 to 4 when converting to 1st station
00μm, and when using a two-layer film, the descending clarity is 100-200μm,
It is practical for the upper layer to have a thickness of 200 to 400 μm, but since it affects the life of the artist, it is important that the antifouling performance is not affected.
The thickness is not particularly limited.

導電塗料模4を塗布したパネル5は、取水溝の壁1に孔
をあけ、例えばプラスチック製のボルトナツト5を使用
して水中硬化型接着剤で固定される。
The panel 5 coated with the conductive paint pattern 4 is fixed with an underwater curing adhesive using bolts and nuts 5 made of plastic, for example, by making holes in the wall 1 of the water intake groove.

それぞれのパネル3には通電端7を設けるが、これらは
1耐久寿命を長くするためには大気中に位置するように
装着するのが啜ましい。
Each panel 3 is provided with a current-carrying end 7, which is preferably mounted in the atmosphere in order to extend its service life.

一方、取水溝の海水中にはiui’区時に陰極となる金
属製部材(例えば鋼棒)6を設備する。金属製部材は棒
状、板状であってよく、形状は問わない。
On the other hand, a metal member (for example, a steel rod) 6 is installed in the seawater of the water intake groove to serve as a cathode during the iui' section. The metal member may be rod-shaped or plate-shaped, and the shape does not matter.

以上、説明した装置により、バネμ側導電塗料暎4を陽
極に、鋼棒6側を陰極になるように通電した。電流密度
αo1A/m”以上、陽分極電位’I O00mV以上
の通電時に、Ct、発生検知用指示薬オルソトリジンの
変色(黄色)から導電塗料嘆表面からCt、が検知でき
た。
Using the apparatus described above, electricity was applied so that the conductive coating material 4 on the spring μ side became the anode and the steel rod 6 side became the cathode. Ct could be detected from the surface of the conductive paint from the discoloration (yellow) of orthotolidine, an indicator for detection of Ct, when electricity was applied at a current density of αo1 A/m” or more and an anodic polarization potential of 000 mV or more.

」−記通電条件で海水中に1年間浸漬テストしたパネル
上の導!塗料幌表面には海洋生物の付着は全く認められ
なかった。
” - The conductivity on the panel was tested by immersion in seawater for one year under the energizing conditions! No marine organisms were observed adhering to the paint hood surface.

〔実施例2〕 以下、本発明の他の実施例を第2図によって説明する。[Example 2] Another embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

第2図において示した実施例は、導電塗料暎を塗布した
パネルを(A)系列、(B)系列の2系列に絶縁分割し
て取水溝の壁に施工取付け、(A)系列のパネルが陽極
になる時には(B)系列のバネμが陰極になり、′1を
気回路を切換えることにより夫々のパネルの極性が逆転
するように配置し、第1図に示した実施例におけるよう
に陰極となる金属製部材を取水溝断面空間部に配設する
ことを排除したものである。
In the example shown in Fig. 2, panels coated with conductive paint are insulated and divided into two series (A) series and (B) series, and installed on the wall of the water intake groove. When it becomes an anode, the spring μ of the series (B) becomes a cathode, and '1 is arranged so that the polarity of each panel is reversed by switching the air circuit, and it becomes a cathode as in the embodiment shown in FIG. This eliminates the need to dispose a metal member in the cross-sectional space of the water intake groove.

第2図において符号1,3,4.5及び7は第1図と同
一部分を指すので説明は省略する。
In FIG. 2, numerals 1, 3, 4.5, and 7 refer to the same parts as in FIG. 1, so their explanation will be omitted.

8は整流器、9は電磁スイッチ、10はタイマーである
8 is a rectifier, 9 is an electromagnetic switch, and 10 is a timer.

以上、説明した装置により%(A)系列バネ〜、(B)
系列パネルの極性の交互に切換える時間サイクルはタイ
マー10によって設定する。第2図の電磁スイッチ9が
実線で作動すると、(A)系列パネル側導電塗料喚4が
海水中で陽極に、(B)系列バネμ側導電め長嘆4が陰
極となって、A系列側が防汚され、電磁スイッチ9が点
線で作動するとその逆となってB系列使が防汚される。
With the device explained above, % (A) series spring ~, (B)
The time cycle for alternating the polarity of the series panels is set by a timer 10. When the electromagnetic switch 9 in Fig. 2 is activated as shown by the solid line, (A) the series panel side conductive paint 4 becomes the anode in seawater, (B) the series spring μ side conductive paint 4 becomes the cathode, and the A series side becomes the cathode. When the electromagnetic switch 9 is activated as indicated by the dotted line, the B series user is soil-proofed.

上記装置により、1年間にわたって間歇通電を下記の事
例で行った。
Using the above device, intermittent energization was performed for one year in the following cases.

パネルの導電塗料模は1層膜と2層膜の2種類、電流密
度は0. OI A/m”  、 11. I A 7
m”の2種、間歇通電のサイクルは2時間及び6時間の
2種とし、期間中の陽極電位は通電時に1000 mV
以上、無通′醒塗嘆け400〜500mVであった。
There are two types of conductive paint patterns on the panel: one-layer film and two-layer film, and the current density is 0. OI A/m”, 11. I A 7
There are two types of intermittent energization cycles: 2 hours and 6 hours, and the anode potential during the period is 1000 mV when energized.
Above, the voltage was 400 to 500 mV.

全テスト期間を通じ、いずれのテスト条件でも陽極、陰
極切換に関係なく、海洋生物の付着はなく、一方比較用
に浸漬した非導電試講片は多くの生物が付着していた。
Throughout the entire test period, no marine organisms were attached to the test piece under any of the test conditions, regardless of whether the anode or cathode was switched.On the other hand, many organisms were attached to the non-conductive specimen immersed for comparison.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明装置によシ、取水溝壁への海洋生物の付着が完全
に防止され、従来取水溝に付着する海洋生物の除去に要
していた多大の労力消費が不必要となり、その工業的効
果は顕晋でを)る。
The device of the present invention completely prevents marine organisms from adhering to the walls of the intake ditch, eliminating the need for the large amount of labor that was conventionally required to remove marine organisms that adhere to the intake ditch, and resulting in industrial effects. (to be conscientious).

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図及び第2図は本発明の詳細な説明するための図、 第5図は従来の取水溝の斜視図で ある。 1 and 2 are diagrams for explaining the present invention in detail, Figure 5 is a perspective view of a conventional water intake trench. be.

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)[1]導電塗料膜を塗布したパネル、[2]該パ
ネルを取付けた取水溝、[3]該導電塗料模をプラス側
とし、取水溝断面空間部に配置された金属製部材をマイ
ナス側とする電気回路よりなる取水溝の防汚装置。
(1) [1] A panel coated with a conductive paint film, [2] A water intake groove to which the panel is attached, [3] A metal member placed in the cross-sectional space of the water intake groove with the conductive paint pattern on the positive side. An antifouling device for water intake ditches consisting of an electrical circuit on the negative side.
(2)[1]導電塗料膜を塗布したパネル、[2]該パ
ネルを絶縁分割し取付けた取水溝、[3]該パネルの一
方をプラス側、他方をマイナス側とする電気回路よりな
る取水溝の防汚装置。
(2) [1] A panel coated with a conductive paint film, [2] A water intake groove installed by dividing the panel into insulating sections, and [3] A water intake consisting of an electric circuit with one side of the panel as the positive side and the other side as the negative side. Gutter antifouling device.
JP63296355A 1988-11-25 1988-11-25 Antifouling device for intake groove Expired - Fee Related JP2544465B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63296355A JP2544465B2 (en) 1988-11-25 1988-11-25 Antifouling device for intake groove

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63296355A JP2544465B2 (en) 1988-11-25 1988-11-25 Antifouling device for intake groove

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH02144406A true JPH02144406A (en) 1990-06-04
JP2544465B2 JP2544465B2 (en) 1996-10-16

Family

ID=17832478

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63296355A Expired - Fee Related JP2544465B2 (en) 1988-11-25 1988-11-25 Antifouling device for intake groove

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2544465B2 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04124309A (en) * 1990-09-13 1992-04-24 Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The Method for preventing organism from adhering to concrete structure
JPH04124310A (en) * 1990-09-13 1992-04-24 Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The Method for preventing organism from adhering to reinforced concrete structure
KR20020074086A (en) * 2002-05-15 2002-09-28 박영웅 The Method and the Equipment to Prevent of NPP's Inlet Blocking Phenomenon from Marine Organism

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101638774B1 (en) * 2016-02-25 2016-07-12 나상권 Composition for manufacturing of anti-fauling marine structure and method of preparing the anti-fauling marine structure using the same

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6233366B2 (en) 2015-08-12 2017-11-22 富士通オプティカルコンポーネンツ株式会社 Light modulator

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04124309A (en) * 1990-09-13 1992-04-24 Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The Method for preventing organism from adhering to concrete structure
JPH04124310A (en) * 1990-09-13 1992-04-24 Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The Method for preventing organism from adhering to reinforced concrete structure
KR20020074086A (en) * 2002-05-15 2002-09-28 박영웅 The Method and the Equipment to Prevent of NPP's Inlet Blocking Phenomenon from Marine Organism

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