JPH0217366A - Chemical reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to the structure of a chemical reactor used in a chemical heat pump or a chemical heat storage device.

[Conventional technology]

Figure 4 shows, for example, the 20th Autumn Conference of the Chemical Industry Association (198
It is a sectional view of a conventional chemical reactor used in a chemical heat pump shown on page 639 of a collection of abstracts of research presentations held at Himeji Institute of Technology (October 9th to October 11th, 2007). In the figure, 1 is a reactor, 2 is a reaction gas inlet/outlet to the reactor 1, 3 is a plurality of reaction gas channels provided in the reactor 1,
4 is the population for introducing a heat medium (for example, water) into the reactor l,
Reference numeral 5 denotes a plurality of heat medium flow paths provided within the reactor 1. The reactor l has these reaction gas inflow/outflow channels 21 and 3. It has a structure in which a heat medium inlet 4 and a heat medium flow path 5 are arranged at appropriate positions. Further, in the reaction gas flow path 3, a reaction material 6 is arranged so as to be able to exchange heat with the heat medium via a heat transfer surface 7, and fins 8 are provided to promote heat transfer. ing. FIG. 5 shows, for example, Mitsubishi Electric Technical Report Vol. 1.51. No.1
1° (1982) P. 41 is a sectional view showing an example of the structure of a heat storage device using latent heat. In the figure, 9 is a heat storage device, 10 is a heat storage material that uses latent heat during melting and solidification,
11 is a heat storage container that accommodates the heat storage material 10, and 12 is a heat storage tank in which the heat storage container 11 is appropriately arranged. The heat storage device 9 has a structure in which a heat storage tank 12 is provided with a heat storage container 11 filled with a heat storage material 10. This heat storage tank 12 is provided with a heat medium population 4 and an outlet 13. Next, the operation will be explained. In FIG. 4, gas entering the reactor 1 from the reactant gas inlet/outlet 2 passes through the reactant gas channel 3 and reaches the reactant material 6, where it reacts and generates heat. This heat is transferred to the heat medium flowing through the heat medium flow path 5 via the heat transfer surface 7 and the fins 8. On the other hand, during the reverse reaction, the reaction material 6 is heated by the heat medium flowing through the heat medium flow path 5 via the heat transfer surface 7 and the fins 8, and gas is generated. This gas is led out to the outside of the reactor 1 through the reaction gas flow path 31 and the reaction gas inlet/outlet 2 .

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

Conventional chemical reactors are configured as described above, so when a toxic gas such as ammonia or methylamine is used as a reaction gas, the reaction gas is There is a problem in that if this leaks, there is a risk that it will directly enter the atmosphere. As a measure to prevent the above-mentioned danger, it is conceivable to use a heat storage device 9 that utilizes latent heat of melting and solidification, sensible heat, or the like. The heat storage device 9 is made of heat storage material l as shown in FIG.
The heat storage container 11 is filled with O and opened to the left, and placed in the heat storage tank 12. However, in the case of such a heat storage device, the type of heat storage material 10 is limited to those with a large amount of heat because the latent heat or sensible heat of melting and solidification is used.
Since it is necessary that the volume change between the two modes of melting and solidification is small, the heat storage material 10 used is also limited, and the heat exchange efficiency and amount of heat exchange per unit volume of heat storage material are also compared to chemical reactors. Then, the value was small. Also, if you try to use the heat storage container 9 as it is and use it like a chemical reactor by filling the heat storage container 11 with the reaction material 6 instead of the heat storage material 10, the reaction will not occur. There were problems such as the inability to supply such gas and to treat the gas generated during the reverse reaction.This invention was made to solve the above problems, and even when the reaction gas leaks, it does not disturb the atmosphere. The aim is to obtain a chemical reactor in which no emissions are released.

[Means to solve problems] The chemical reactor according to the present invention is provided with a reaction section and an evaporation/condensation section in a closed reaction tube disposed in a heat medium in the chemical reactor, and between the reaction section and the evaporation/condensation section. The structure is such that a reversible reaction is possible. [For use]

In the chemical reactor of this invention, a reversible reaction is carried out inside a closed reaction tube placed in a heat medium, so even if reaction gas leaks from the reaction tube, It is not immediately released or diffused into the atmosphere.

【Example】

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1st
In the figure, 1 is a chemical reactor, 14 is this chemical reactor 1
It is a reaction vessel placed inside the . 15 is a closed reaction tube, which will be simply referred to as a reaction tube hereinafter. 16 is this reaction tube 15
17 is an evaporation/condensation section that evaporates and condenses the reaction gas; 18 is a partition section that separates the reaction section 16 and the evaporation/condensation section 17; The reaction vessel 14 has a hollow reaction tube 15 divided by a partition part 1, and one side is divided into a reaction part 16. This structure has the other end serving as an evaporation/condensation section 17. In FIG. 2, 19 is a partition plate provided in a part of the partitioning section 18 to prevent the liquefied material in the evaporation/condensation section 17 from flowing into the reaction section 16; This filter is provided to prevent the particles from being scattered or mixed into the portion 17. The partition portion 18 includes a partition plate 19 and a filter 20. In FIG. 1, 21 is the population of the heat medium A that heats and cools the reaction material 6 in the reaction section 16, 22 is the outlet of the heat medium A, and 2
3 is an inlet of a heat medium B that heats and cools the reaction gas in the evaporation/condensation section 17, 24 is an outlet of the heat medium B, and 25 is a heat insulating wall that separates the heat medium A and the heat medium B. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of the evaporation/condensation section 17. A groove 26 is provided on the inner surface of this evaporation/condensation section 17. Next, the operation will be explained. At the time of reaction, for example, heat medium A becomes a heat medium for cooling, and heat medium B becomes a heat medium for heating. The liquid reaction gas in the evaporation/condensation section 17 is heated by the heat medium B, evaporates, becomes a gas, passes through the filter 20 of the partition section 1, is introduced into the reaction section 16, and reacts with the reaction material 6. The heat generated at this time is cooled down by the heat medium A. On the other hand, during the reverse reaction, the heat medium A becomes a heat medium for heating, and the heat medium B becomes a heat medium for cooling. The reaction material 6 in the reaction section 16 is heated by the heating medium A, and a reverse reaction occurs to generate a reaction gas. This reaction gas passes through the filter 20 of the partition section 18, is introduced into the evaporation/condensation section I7, is cooled by the heat medium B, and is condensed and liquefied. At this time, the evaporation/condensation section 1
7 has a groove 26 on its inner wall surface, as shown in its cross-sectional shape in FIG.
, the liquefied reaction gas is retained in this groove 26 and does not completely flow down to the lower surface. In addition, since the partition part 18 is provided with a filter 20, the reaction material 6 scraped off by vibration etc. evaporates together with the reaction gas.
Flowing into the condensing section 17 is prevented. On the other hand, since the partition portion 18 is provided with a partition plate 19, this partition plate 1
9 prevents the liquefied reaction gas from flowing into the reaction section 16 . In the chemical reactor of the present invention, when the reaction gas leaks from the reaction vessel 14 during the above-mentioned reaction, reverse reaction, or stoppage, the reaction gas is not directly released into the atmosphere, but is first transferred to the heat medium. Since the reactant gas is released into the atmosphere, leakage of the reaction gas will not immediately affect the human body. Also, when a water-soluble gas such as ammonia or methylamine is used as the reaction gas and water is used as the heating medium, does the leaked gas become water? Since it contains a lot of water, it does not diffuse into the atmosphere and can be easily recovered. In addition, in the above embodiment, the reaction section 16 and the evaporation/condensation section I7
A partition plate 19 is used in a part of the partition part 18 between the chemical reactor 1 itself or the reaction vessel 14 to prevent the liquefied reaction gas from flowing into the reaction part 16. It may also be arranged so that the evaporation/condensation section 17 is located at an angle. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the case where the reaction gas reacts on one side of the reaction vessel 14 and evaporates and condenses on the other side is explained.
For example, a reaction gas such as a metal hydride may be used in which hydrogen as a reaction gas reacts on both sides of the reaction vessel 14, and the same effects as in the above embodiments can be obtained. At this time, since the reaction also takes place in the evaporation/condensation section 17, the reaction material is attached to the inner wall surface of the reaction tube 15 in a manner different from that in the above embodiment.

【Effect of the invention】

As described above, according to the present invention, the reaction section and the evaporation/condensation section are provided in the closed reaction vessel disposed in the heat medium, and the structure is such that a reversible reaction can be performed between them. Even if the gas inside leaks, it will not be immediately released into the atmosphere and diffused, resulting in a safe chemical reactor.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a chemical reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the partition of the reaction container in the chemical reactor, and FIG. 3 is an evaporation diagram of the reaction container in the chemical reactor. - A cross-sectional view of the condensing section, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional chemical reactor, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional heat storage device. 1 is a chemical reactor, 6 is a reaction material, 14 is a reaction container, 15
is a closed reaction tube (reaction tube), 16 is a reaction section, 17 is an evaporation/
A condensing section, 18 is a partition section, and A and B are heat carriers. Note that in 17+, the same reference numerals indicate the same or equivalent parts. Patent applicant: Mitsubishi Electric Dan Co., Ltd.
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Claims (1)

[Claims] In a chemical reactor that exchanges heat related to a chemical reaction with a heat medium, there is a closed reaction tube disposed in the heat medium in the chemical reactor, and a closed reaction tube provided in the closed reaction tube to perform a reversible reaction between them. 1. A chemical reactor comprising a reaction section and an evaporation/condensation section.