JPH0217792Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a tool changing device for inserting tools stored in a tool magazine into the main shaft of a machine tool.

<Conventional technology> In a tool changer in which a tool exchange arm moves forward and backward in the direction of the spindle axis between a tool magazine and a spindle, and rotates around an axis parallel to the spindle axis to exchange tools, the arm is connected to the tool magazine. It is necessary to perform + and -180° rotation movements on the line connecting the tool magazine and the spindle from the standby position on the line that is perpendicular to the line connecting the spindles.

This pivoting motion of the arm is achieved by rotating a rotating body that engages with the sleeve only in the rotational direction within a sleeve to which the arm is fixed and can move forward and backward in the direction of the spindle axis and rotate around an axis parallel to the spindle axis. It is operated by a cylinder device.

This cylinder device for arm rotation includes a main piston for 180° rotation equipped with a rack that engages with a pinion provided on the rotating body, and a main piston for positioning the main piston that defines 90° rotation at both ends of the main piston. It has a built-in piston and is designed to change the stroke end of the main piston.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The cylinder device for arm rotation in the conventional tool changer described above has a recess for the cushion on the inner surface of the cap at both ends of the cylinder, and a recess for the cushion on the end surface of the cap side of the positioning piston. When the positioning piston moves toward the cap side, the positioning piston is decelerated by the cushion action at its moving end.A cushion recess is also provided on the end surface of the positioning piston on the main piston side, and the main piston Protrusions that fit into the cushion recesses are provided at both ends, and the main piston is decelerated by the cushion action at the moving end, and decelerated at the 90° and 180° pivot ends of the arm.

However, in the conventional device described above, it is difficult to provide a cushion mechanism at the end of the movement of the positioning piston toward the main piston side due to the structure, and in the tool exchange cycle in which the positioning piston moves toward the main piston side together with the main piston, the arm rotation is difficult. There was a problem where it was not possible to obtain deceleration at the end.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention provides a concentric through hole in the axis of the main piston of the cylinder device for arm rotation, and inserts a rod into this through hole. a distance interval which is slidably passed through the rod and has the positioning pistons at both ends of the rod, one of which is in a moving position in contact with one cap of the cylinder and the other in a moving end that is spaced apart from the other cap of the cylinder; A cushion recess is provided on the inner surface of the cap at both ends of the cylinder, a protrusion that fits into the cushion recess is protruded from the cap side end surface of the positioning piston, and the main piston side end surface of the positioning piston is provided with a protrusion that fits into the cushion recess. A cushion recess is also provided in the main piston, and protrusions that fit into the cushion recess are protruded from both end surfaces of the main piston.

<Function> In the present invention, when one of the positioning pistons fixedly connected to both ends of the rod moves in a direction away from the cap at the cylinder end, the other positioning piston is moved by the rod to the other cylinder end. It moves in the direction of the cap and applies the cushioning action of the other positioning piston to one positioning piston via the rod.

<Examples> Examples of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. In FIG. 1, 14 is a tool changing device. The internal structure of this tool changer 14 is as follows. A housing 30 is supported on the side of a tool and magazine (not shown) so as to be pivotable around a vertical axis, and a through hole 31 is formed in the housing 30. A support member 32 is fixed to the housing 30 at one end of a through hole 31, and a sleeve 33 is axially and rotatably supported on the support member 32.

A distributor 34 for supplying hydraulic oil to the rotating body 35 is fitted and fixed to the other end of the through hole 31, and one end of the rotating body 35 is supported by the distributor 34 so as to be rotatable only. Rotating body 3
A spline 35a is formed in the axial direction on the outer periphery of the sleeve 33 on the support member 32 side, and a protrusion 33a that engages with the spline 35a is formed on the inner periphery of the sleeve 33. The spline 35a and the protrusion 33a prevent relative rotation between the sleeve 33 and the rotating body 35, and allow mutual axial movement of the sleeve 33 and the rotating body 35. In addition, the rotating body 35 has a pinion 36 between the distributor 34 and the sleeve 33.
A rack bar 37 that meshes with the pinion 36 is guided and supported by the housing 30 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotating body 35. This rack bar 37 is connected to a cylinder 5 for arm rotation, which will be described later.
It is set to 0.

A cylinder chamber 40 is formed within the rotary body 35, and a piston 41 is fitted into the cylinder chamber 40 so as to be slidable in the axial direction of the rotary body 35. A piston rod 42 is integrally formed on the piston 41 coaxially with the rotating body 35, and one end of the piston rod 42 is connected to a lid 43 fixed to one end of the sleeve 33. cylinder chamber 40, piston 41,
The piston rod 42 constitutes a cylinder device 44 for arm movement. An oil hole 45 connecting the distributor 34 and the cylinder chamber 40 is formed in the rotating body 35. A tool exchange arm 20 is fixed to one end of the sleeve 33 on the support member 32 side at right angles to the axis of the sleeve 33. Both ends of the tool exchange arm 20 are provided with well-known tool gripping parts (not shown) that grip a tool by turning the tool exchange arm 20.

The configuration of the arm turning cylinder device 50 will be explained based on FIG. 2.

Rotating bodies 3 are arranged on the left and right sides with the pinion 36 in the center.
cylinders 51a,
51b is fitted into the housing 30, and the rack bar 37 is slidably fitted into the cylinders 51a, 51b. This rack bar 37 is a main piston 53 that pivots the arm 20 through 180 degrees. 52a, 52b are the cylinders 51a, 51
This is the end cap of b. This cap 52
Pistons 54a and 54b for positioning the main piston 53 are slidably fitted into the left and right cylinders 51a and 51b of the main piston 53, respectively. The strokes of the positioning pistons 54a, 54b are determined by the step portions 55a, 55 formed on the inner surfaces of the caps 52a, 52b and the cylinders 51a, 51b.
5b. The pair of left and right positioning pistons 54a, 54b are integrally connected by the following mechanism.

That is, a concentric through hole 56 is provided at the axis of the main piston 53, and a rod 57 is inserted into this through hole 56.
to be slidably penetrated. The positioning pistons 54a and 54b are fixed to both ends of the rod 57 at regular intervals. The fixed distance interval means that either one of the positioning pistons 54a, 54b is connected to the cap 52a or 5 on the other side.
The stepped portion 55 is spaced apart from the cap 52b or 52a on the other side at the moving end position in contact with the cap 2b.
This is the distance interval located at the moving end just before contacting a or 55b.

Cushion recesses 58a, 58b are provided on the inner surfaces of the caps 52a, 52b, and the caps 52a, 5 of the positioning pistons 54a, 54b are provided with cushion recesses 58a, 58b.
The cushion recesses 58a, 58 are provided on the side end surface of 2b.
protrusions 59a, 59b that fit into the protrusions 59a, 59b are formed, and a plurality of slanted notch grooves 59c, 59d are formed on the outer peripheries of these protrusions 59a, 59b to allow the cushion to move.
is formed.

Further, cushion recesses 60 are also provided on the end surfaces of the positioning pistons 54a and 54b on the main piston 53 side.
a, 60b are provided, and protrusions 61a, 61b that fit into the cushion recesses 60a, 60b are formed on both end surfaces of the main piston 53, and these protrusions 6
A plurality of slanted notch grooves 61c and 61d are formed on the outer peripheries of 1a and 61b to allow the cushion to be moved.

The operation of the tool changing device 14 having the above configuration will be explained. When the tool change arm 20 is in the vertical position, the positioning pistons 54a, 54b and the main piston 53 are both at the leftward end in FIG. The positioning piston 54a and the main piston 5 until they come into contact with the piston 52b.
3 moves to the right. As a result, the tool exchange arm 20 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise when viewed from the front of the spindle, and grips the used tool attached to the spindle. Next, the tool exchange arm 20 is moved forward by the operation of the arm advancing/retracting cylinder device 44, and the used tool is removed from the main shaft. In this state, when only the main piston 53 is moved to the right until it comes into contact with the positioning piston 54b at the rightward end, the tool exchange arm 20 further rotates counterclockwise by 180 degrees, and a new tool corresponds to the main shaft, and the arm The tool exchange arm 20 is moved backward by the operation of the advancing/retracting cylinder device 44, and a new tool is attached to the main shaft. Next, the cushion recess 58b
When pressure oil is supplied to the side, the positioning piston 54
The main piston 53 moves to the left together with the positioning piston 54b until the piston a contacts the cap 52a. This causes the tool change arm 20 to rotate clockwise.
When rotated 90 degrees, a new tool and tool exchange arm 20
It becomes disengaged. In this state, the tool changing device 14 is rotated by 90 degrees by a known means (not shown) to correspond to a tool magazine (not shown). When the next tool to be used is located in the specified position in the tool magazine,
The arm-swivel cylinder device 50 is actuated to rotate the tool exchange arm 20 through 90 degrees, and the tool to be used next is gripped by the other gripping portion that is not gripping the used tool. When the tool exchange arm 20 is advanced, the next tool to be used is removed from the tool magazine, and when the tool exchange arm 20 is rotated 180 degrees and moved back, the used tool is loaded into the tool magazine. In this way, the used tool is transferred from the spindle to the tool magazine, and by performing the reverse operation of the above operation, the next tool to be used is transferred from the tool magazine to the spindle, and the tool is replaced. .

The 180° rotation and 90° rotation of the tool exchange arm 20 are controlled by the left and right movement stroke of the main piston 53 based on the left and right movement ends of the positioning pistons 54a and 54b of the arm turning cylinder device 50. At this time, at the end of the stroke of the main piston 53, the projection 61a or 61b fits into the cushion recess 60a or 60b provided in the positioning piston 54a or 54b, so that the oil in the cylinder 51a or 51b flows into the notch groove. 6
It is decelerated by flowing into the cushion recess 60a or 60b via 1c and 61d.

Moreover, at the stroke end of the positioning pistons 54a and 54b, one of the positioning pistons 5
When 4a moves toward the cap 52a, the protrusion 5
9a fits into the cushion recess 58a provided in the cap 52a, and the oil in the cylinder 51a flows into the cushion recess 58a through the notch 59c, thereby being decelerated. At this time, the other positioning piston 54b moves toward the stepped portion 55a from the moving end that was in contact with the cap 52b through the connection by the rod 57.
It moves in unison with a. Immediately before the other positioning piston 54b comes into contact with the stepped portion 55b, the cushioning action of the one positioning piston 54a is applied via the rod 57 to the other positioning piston 5.
It is also transmitted to 4b and decelerated at the same time.
Incidentally, the above is a case in which the positioning pistons 54a and 54b move to the left in FIG. 2, but in the case of moving to the right, the cushioning action of the other positioning piston 54b is transmitted to one of the positioning pistons 54a. Note that the present invention can also be applied to a tool changing device in which the tool changing arm rotates around a vertical axis. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to a device in which the sleeve and the rotating body are provided coaxially, but can also be applied to a tool changing device in which the sleeve and the rotating body are provided in parallel.

<Effects of the invention> As described above, according to the invention, the positioning pistons disposed on both sides of the main piston of the arm rotation cylinder device are moved by the rods that slidably pass through the axis of the main piston. Since the pistons are fixed at intervals that allow mutual stroke, the cushioning action on the cap side of one positioning piston is transmitted to the other positioning piston, and the movement end of the other positioning piston on the main piston side is transmitted to the other positioning piston. Since deceleration is obtained, it has the effect of decelerating the turning end of the tool changing arm in all tool changing cycles.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, with FIG. 1 being a sectional view of a tool changing device, and FIG. 2 being a sectional view of an arm pivoting cylinder device. 20... Tool exchange arm, 30... Housing, 33... Sleeve, 35... Rotating body, 36...
...Pinion, 37...Rack bar, 44...Cylinder device for arm advancement and retreat, 50...Cylinder device for arm rotation, 52a, 52b...Cap, 53
...Main piston, 54a, 54b...Positioning piston, 56...Through hole, 57...Rod, 5
8a, 58b...Cushion recess, 59a, 5
9b...Protrusion, 60a, 60b...Cushion recess, 61a, 61b...Protrusion.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] It is supported in the housing so that it can move forward and backward in the direction of the spindle axis and rotate around an axis parallel to the spindle axis.
a sleeve to which a tool exchange arm is fixed; a rotating body that allows the sleeve to move in the axial direction and engages in the rotational direction; a cylinder device for advancing and retracting the arm that moves the sleeve back and forth; It consists of a main piston for 180° rotation equipped with a rack that meshes with a provided pinion, and a cylinder device for arm rotation, which has built-in pistons for positioning the main piston that define 90° rotation at both ends of this main piston. In a tool changing device that exchanges tools between a tool magazine and a main shaft using the tool changing arm, a through hole concentric with the axis of the main piston of the cylinder device for arm rotation is provided, and a rod is slid into the through hole. said locating pistons are secured to both ends of said rod at distances such that one of said positioning pistons is in a moving position abutting one cap of the cylinder and the other is located at a moving end spaced apart from the other cap of the cylinder. a cushion recess is provided on the inner surface of the cap at both ends of the cylinder, and a protrusion that fits into the cushion recess is provided protruding from the cap side end surface of the positioning piston;
A tool changing device characterized in that a cushion recess is also provided on the main piston side end surface of the positioning piston, and protrusions that fit into the cushion recess are protruded from both end surfaces of the main piston.