JPH02183745A - Ventilating fan - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the thermal loss and eliminate the need for cumbersome switching operation by cleaning the room air by an air cleaning device as the room air is being circulated, and discharging the room air to the outside when the contamination level of room air becomes high. CONSTITUTION:An air contamination sensor 29 detects the contamination level and outputs the detection signal at a level in proportion to the detected level, and is disposed in the front side of the casing 1. A level determination circuit 30 does not output signal when the detection signal level of the air contamination sensor 29 is less than P, while the range greater than P but is less than R is arranged to be the circulation level, and the range greater than R as the air discharge level. Meanwhile, a control circuit 31 receives the output signal from the level determination circuit 30 and signals from various switches 21 - 24. In response to these input signals, the control circuit 31 controls indicators 25 - 27 by interrupting and supplying the power and also controls a fan motor 11, an electric dust trapping device 8, the damper motor 19 for a damper device 15 and an electromagnet for a one-way clutch.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a ventilation fan that can purify indoor air while circulating it.

(Prior Art) Conventional ventilation fans are generally dedicated to exhausting indoor air to the outside. Some devices are configured to circulate indoor air, but this circulation operation is such that warm air that tends to drift to the ceiling of the room during heating is circulated within the room, so if the indoor air becomes contaminated. for,
After all, the exhaust operation is used to exhaust indoor air to the outside for ventilation, and this switching between circulation and exhaust operation is done manually, which is not only cumbersome to operate, but also difficult to operate depending on the contamination state. Appropriate switching was not possible.

(Problem to be solved by the invention, 1) However, when the indoor air is polluted and the indoor air is exhausted to the outside by a ventilation fan, during heating in winter or cooling in summer, the warm or cold air inside the room can be directly passed outside. This causes a large amount of heat loss. Therefore,
In order to minimize this thermal loss, ventilation fans are provided that are equipped with a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the indoor air that is discharged and the outdoor air that is taken in. Therefore, there was a problem of high manufacturing cost.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to provide an inexpensive ventilation fan that can prevent thermal loss as much as possible without using a heat exchanger, and does not require troublesome switching operations.

[9! [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the ventilation fan of the present invention is provided with a fan device for sucking indoor air in the main body, and an exhaust fan device for discharging the drawn indoor air to the outside. An exhaust state in which a flow path and a circulation flow path returning to the room are provided, the circulation flow path is blocked and the exhaust flow path is communicated with the fan device, and a circulation state is in which the exhaust flow path is blocked and the circulation flow path is communicated with the fan device. an air pollution sensor that includes a flow path switching means for switching between the two, an air purification device that purifies the air flowing through the circulation flow path in the circulation flow path, and outputs a detection signal of a level corresponding to a pollution level of indoor air. and a flow path switching control means for switching the flow path switching means so that when the detection signal is at a circulation level, the flow path is in the circulation state, and when the detection signal is at an exhaust level, it is in the exhaust state.

(Function) When the detection signal level of the air pollution sensor is at the circulation level, the flow path switching means is in the circulation state.

For this reason, the indoor air sucked by the fan device is sent to the circulation flow path, and while flowing through the circulation flow path, it is purified by the air purification device and then returned to the room.

In addition, when the degree of air pollution increases and the detection signal level of the air pollution sensor reaches the exhaust level, the flow path switching means is switched to the exhaust state, so the indoor air sucked by the fan device is sent to the exhaust flow path. and is discharged outside.

In this way, under normal pollution conditions, indoor air is circulated and purified by an air purification device, and when the pollution level reaches a certain level, indoor air is exhausted outdoors for ventilation, which reduces heat loss. It is possible to keep the indoor air clean while preventing as much as possible.

(Implementation N) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

The overall configuration of the ventilation fan is as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. An outer box 1 constituting the main body is attached to a chamber wall 2, and a discharge flow path is connected to the upper back surface of the outer box 1. A duct 3 is inserted into a hole 2a formed in the chamber wall 2 and communicated with the outside A. The inside of the outer box 1 is divided into an upper fan chamber 5 and a lower circulation flow path 6 by a partition plate 4.
A discharge lower which opens the circulation flow path 6 to the room B is formed on the lower surface of the outer box 1. An electrostatic precipitator 8 as an air purifying device is disposed within the circulation flow path 6. This electrostatic precipitator 8 collects dust, cigarette smoke, etc. by charging it, and releases fl! A wire 9, a pair of opposing electrodes (not shown) facing each other with the discharge wire 9 in between, and a filter 10.
It is composed of. Further, a fan device 13 is disposed in the fan chamber 5, and the fan 12 is directly connected to the rotating shaft 11a of a variable speed fan motor 11. When the fan 12 rotates, indoor air is transferred to the outer box 1. A bell mouth 14, which serves as an inlet, is formed on the front surface of the fan chamber 5 to draw air into the fan chamber 5. The indoor air sucked into this fan chamber 5 is then moved by the blowing action of the fan 12.
The water is sent to the duct 3 or the circulation channel 6 depending on the state of the tamper device 15 as a channel switching means. This damper device 15 includes a damper plate 16 that is rotatably disposed at a portion where the protruding portion of the fan chamber 5 and the artificial portion of the duct 3 and the circulation flow path 6 are connected to each other, and a damper plate 16 that is connected to the duct 3. The damper plate 16 is configured to rotate integrally with the support shaft 18. This damper device 15 is the fourth
The drive source is a damper motor 19 shown in the figure. When the damper motor 19 is energized, its rotation is decelerated by a gear train (not shown) and transmitted to the support shaft 18, and the damper plate 16 is rotate in the direction. And damper plate 1
6 rotates to a position that closes the circulation flow path 6, the damper motor 19 is de-energized and stopped, and an electromagnet (not shown) is energized, so that the one-way clutch is activated and the damper motor 19 is reversed, thereby causing the tension coil spring. 17
It is configured to prevent the damper plate 16 from rotating in the direction of the arrow Ch due to the elastic force of the damper plate 16.

This ventilation fan is operated indoors! A control box 20 attached to 22 allows so-called remote control. As shown in FIG. 3, this control box 20 includes a timer switch 21, an air volume selector switch 22, an automatic operation switch 23, and an operation stop switch 2.
4, a time indicator 25 that displays the time set by the timer switch 21, and an operating strength indicator 26 that displays the operating intensity according to the air volume set by the air volume selector switch 22. , an automatic operation display 27 is provided to display that automatic operation has been selected by the automatic operation switch 23. In addition, each of these indicators 23 to 27
consists of light emitting diodes.

Now, the electrical groove bottom for ventilation fan operation a118 is the fourth one.
As shown in the figure, the control device 28 includes a level judgment circuit 3o that receives a detection signal output from an air pollution sensor 29 made of a gas sensor, and a control circuit 31 mainly composed of, for example, a microcomputer. The air pollution sensor 29 detects the pollution level of indoor air and outputs a detection signal corresponding to the pollution level, and is provided on the front surface of the outer box 1. Then, the level judgment circuit 30 does not output a signal when the detection signal level of the air dye sensor 29 is less than 2 as shown in FIG. When it is Q or more and less than R, a medium operation command signal S2 is output, and when it is R or more, a strong operation command signal S is output. Here, a level greater than or equal to P and less than R is defined as a circulation level, and a level greater than or equal to R is defined as an exhaust level. On the other hand, the control circuit 31 receives output signals from the level judgment circuit 30 and the various switches 21 to 2.
A signal from 4 is input. Then, the control circuit 31 controls the respective indicators 25 to 27 to be turned on and off in accordance with these human signals, and also controls the fan motor 11 and the electric dust collection bag Fi1.
8. The damper motor 19 of the damper device 15 and the electromagnet of the one-way clutch (not shown) are controlled to be powered on and off.

That is, in the case of manual operation, the air volume changeover switch 21 is operated. Then, depending on the number of operations, a weak operation and a strong operation for medium speed transfer are selected, and the selected operation is displayed by lighting on the operation strength display 26, and the fan motor 11 turns the fan 12 into a weak mode. It rotates at a low speed during operation, at a medium speed during medium operation, and at a high speed during strong operation. At the same time, the damper motor 19 of the damper device 15 starts to rotate the damper plate 16 in the opposite direction of arrow C, thereby blocking the circulation flow path 6 to the fan device 13 (fan chamber 5) and opening the duct 3. It becomes the exhaust state where it communicates. Note that when the damper plate 16 rotates to the position where it blocks the circulation passage 6,
Since the damper motor 19 is cut off and the electromagnet (not shown) is energized, the directional clutch is activated and prevents the damper motor 19 and, in turn, the damper plate 16 from rotating in the direction of arrow C.
1- Do. In this way, the fan 12 is rotationally driven by the fan motor 11 and the damper device 15 is in the exhaust state, so that indoor air is sucked into the fan chamber 5 and then into the duct 3 by the blowing action of the fan 12. The air is blown and discharged outside. Then, when the operation stop switch 24 is operated to stop the operation, the fan motor 11 is disconnected and the electromagnet (not shown) of the damper device 15 is disconnected, so the one-way clutch is disabled. The damper plate 16 rotates in the direction of arrow C due to the elastic force of the tension coil spring 17 as the damper motor 19 idles, returning the duct 3 to the closed state. In such manual operation, when the timer switch 21 is operated, a time corresponding to the number of operations is selected, and the above-described exhaust operation is performed for the selected time. The selected time at this time is displayed by lighting on the time display 25.

Further, when the automatic operation switch 23 is operated, automatic operation as described below is performed according to the detection signal level of the air pollution sensor 29. Note that this automatic operation time can also be set using the timer switch 21.

Now, when the automatic operation switch 23 is operated, the detection signal level from the air pollution sensor 29 is first determined by the level determination circuit 30. When the output signal level of the air pollution sensor 29 is less than P shown in FIG. 5(a), the level determination circuit 30 does not output a signal and the operation remains stopped (as shown in FIG. 5(b)). Time T.-72).

When the indoor air starts to become polluted due to people in the room starting to smoke, etc., and the detection signal level of the air pollution sensor 29 becomes P or higher (circulation level), the level judgment circuit 30 sends a weak operation command signal. Output S1. Then, the fan motor 11 rotates the fan 12 at a low speed, and a high voltage is applied to the discharge wire 9 of the electrostatic precipitator 8 and a counter electrode (not shown). At this time, damper device 1
Since the damper plate 16 of No. 5 is in a circulating state with the fan device 13 blocking the duct 3 and communicating the circulation flow path 6, the air sucked into the fan chamber 5 by the fan 12 is blown by the fan 12. Due to this action, the air is sent to the circulation channel 6, and when it passes between the discharge wire 9 and a counter electrode (not shown), dust, cigarette smoke, etc. contained in the air are charged. Then, the charged dust, smoke, etc. adhere to the filter 10 and are captured. The air thus purified by the electrostatic precipitator 8 is returned to the room B from the discharge lower (time T2 to T3 in FIG. 5(b)).

When the indoor air pollution level increases and the detection signal level of the air pollution sensor 29 reaches Q or higher (circulation level) shown in FIG. 5(a), the level determination circuit 30 outputs a medium operation command signal S2. Then, the rotation speed of the fan motor 11° is switched from low speed to medium speed, but the process is the same as when the above-mentioned weak operation command signal S is output. 6, and is purified by the electrostatic precipitator 8 while flowing through the circulation channel 6 (times T to T4 in FIG. 5(b)).

Furthermore, the indoor air pollution level increases, and the air pollution sensor 2
When the detection signal level of 9 becomes equal to or higher than R (exhaust level) shown in FIG. 5(a), the level determination circuit 30 outputs a strong operation command signal S. Then, the rotation speed of the fan motor 11 is switched from medium speed to high speed, and the damper motor 19 of the damper device 15 is energized. As a result, the damper plate 16 is rotated in the opposite direction of the arrow C in the same manner as described above, and an exhaust state is created in which the circulation flow path 6 is blocked and the duct 3 is communicated with the fan device 13 (fan chamber 5). The indoor air sucked into the fan chamber 5 by the fan 12 is blown into the duct 3 and discharged outside (time T4 to Ts in FIG. 5(b)).

When the pollution level of the indoor air decreases due to ventilation accompanying such exhaust, and the detection signal level of the air pollution sensor 29 becomes less than P (circulation level), the rotation speed of the fan motor 11 is switched from high speed to medium speed. At the same time, since the electromagnet (not shown) of the damper device 15 is cut off, the damper v, 16 rotates in the direction of arrow C in the same manner as described above, returning the duct 3 to the closed state. Then, the indoor air circulates again through the circulation channel 6 and is purified by the electrostatic precipitator 8 (time T in FIG. 5(b)).

~T6). When the pollution level of the indoor air further decreases due to purification by the electrostatic precipitator 8 and the detection signal level of the air pollution sensor 29 becomes less than 0, the rotation speed of the fan motor 11 changes from medium speed to low speed. (time T, ~T7 in FIG. 5(b)), and furthermore, the air pollution sensor 2
When the detection signal level of 9 becomes less than P, the fan motor 11 continues to be operated at a low speed for a certain period of time, for example, 8 minutes from that point, and after the said time has elapsed, the fan motor 11
is cut off and stopped, and at the same time, the electrostatic precipitator 8 is cut off (time T1 to Ta in FIG. 5(b)).

As can be understood from the above explanation of the operation, the level determining means 29 and the control circuit 31 put the damper device 15 into a circulation state when the output signal level of the air pollution sensor 29 is less than a predetermined level, and when the output signal level of the air pollution sensor 29 exceeds a predetermined level. It functions as a passage switching control means for switching to the exhaust state.

According to this embodiment, during automatic operation, when the detection signal level of the air pollution sensor 29 is less than R, indoor air is circulated through the circulation channel 6 and purified by the electrostatic precipitator 8. , and when the air purification effect of the electrostatic precipitator 8 causes the indoor air to become increasingly contaminated, that is, when the detection signal level of the air pollution sensor 29 exceeds the predetermined level R, the indoor air is removed for the first time. Since it is discharged outside, when the room is being heated or cooled, thermal loss can be prevented as much as possible compared to the case where it is discharged outside from the beginning of operation. Therefore, since there is no need to use an expensive heat exchanger, manufacturing costs can be reduced.

In the above embodiment, the rotational speed of the fan motor 11 is changed depending on the detection signal level of the air pollution sensor 29, but there is no particular need to do so. Further, in the above embodiment, the duct '3 and the circulation passage 6 are opened and closed by one damper plate 16, but the duct 3 and the circulation passage 6 may each be provided with a dedicated damper plate. The driving source for opening and closing the dauber board is not limited to a motor, but may also be an electromagnet.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, according to the ventilation fan of the present invention, when the indoor air has a low pollution level, the indoor air can be purified by the air purification device while being circulated, and furthermore, the indoor air can be purified by the air purification device. As the indoor air is discharged outdoors only when the pollution level has reached 1, the thermal efficiency is lower than in the past when the indoor air is discharged outdoors from the beginning when the indoor air is being heated or cooled. It can purify indoor air while minimizing loss, and since it does not use an expensive heat exchanger, it can be manufactured at a low cost and has the excellent effect of eliminating the need for troublesome switching operations. be.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing the overall schematic configuration, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the external appearance of ρ1,
FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view of the control box, FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration, and FIG. 5 is a time chart showing changes in the output signal level of the air pollution sensor. In the figure, 1 is the outer box (+body), 3 is the duct (exhaust flow path), and 6
is a circulation flow path, 8 is an electrostatic precipitator (air purification device), 13
1 is a fan device, 15 is a damper device (passage switching means), 1
6 is a damper plate, 19 is a damper motor, 28 is a control device (
2 are air pollution sensors, and 30 is a level judgment circuit. Applicant Toshiba Corporation Figure 1 M2 Figure 7n jF! 3 Figure 4! 5 Figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A main body including a fan device for sucking indoor air, a discharge channel for discharging the drawn indoor air to the outside, and a circulation channel for returning the indoor air to the room, and a main body for blocking the circulation channel to the fan device. a flow path switching means configured to switch between an exhaust state in which the exhaust flow path is communicated with the exhaust flow path and a circulation state in which the exhaust flow path is blocked and the circulation flow path is communicated; an air purification device that purifies air; an air pollution sensor that outputs a detection signal at a level corresponding to a pollution level of indoor air; and an air pollution sensor that sets the flow path switching means to the circulation state when the detection signal is at a circulation level. and a flow path switching control means for switching the ventilation fan to the exhaust state when the ventilation fan is in the exhaust state.