JPH02189178A - Scissors - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make machining with optionally set rake angle or intersecting angle of the edge tip possible when a raw material of a scissors is made by cutting with laser or the like by attaching by microwelding an edge having a slightly convex portion along the edge tip on the back side of the edge. CONSTITUTION:When a raw material for a scissors 1 is made by precision casting, forging, press, sintering, laser cutting, etc., or by microwelding, edge can be made without forming a concave surface on the back surface of the edge tip by providing a convex portion 2 having a small width along the edge tip portion. As a result, manufacturing process is preformed within a shorter time and more accurately compared with the case without the rake angle alphaor the intersection angle beta of the edge tip. Because the process is performed with NC-controlled wire cut electric discharge machine, materials of a high hardness and corrosion-proof materials which cannot be used in the past can be used to make scissors. Furthermore, products of identical shape and quality can be made.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention is directed to processing using a processing method that does not cause too much distortion, such as wire-cut electrical discharge machining, laser processing, electrolytic grinding, grinding, or electrolytic processing. This invention relates to scissors having a molded cutting edge, in which a convex portion is preliminarily provided at the cutting edge.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, most scissors have been made by hand-finishing by forging steel materials, roughing them, then subjecting them to heat treatment such as hardening. However, there are inherent limitations in finishing something that has been hardened by quenching, and it has been difficult to maintain the necessary hardness at the tip or to form it by joining different materials together. Moreover, since many of the scissors are handmade, each finished scissor has its own unique differences, even if it is the same scissor. In addition, as the items to be manufactured using the scissors become more complex and sophisticated, the scissors are required to have a complicated shape, and the scissors are made of T1 alloy, which is difficult to process. It has become desirable to use etc.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Conventionally, one of the reasons why scissors had to be made by hand finishing was that the back side of the scissor blade was cut with a grindstone or the like to create an arc-shaped cross section, as shown in Figure 8. This is because it is necessary to form four sides 4 of. These four surfaces 4 form the flesh color α (Fig. 4) of the cutting edge, which is important when a pair of blades intersect to cut an object. The angle and direction of the scissors used varied, and the only option was to rely on the skill of the craftsman. Also, regarding the intersection angle β (FIG. 3), there was a drawback that it was not possible to obtain a predetermined angle.

This invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, and provides scissors that can be machined by arbitrarily setting the flesh color α of the cutting edge and the intersection angle 0, and can also measure the flesh color α, etc. The purpose is to

(Means for Solving the Problems) The scissors of the present invention are manufactured by forming the material by N-tight casting, forging, press forming, etc.
When sintering, or by micro-welding, or by bending the material, melting it with a laser, or welding metal or ceramics with a laser, a convex part with a slight width is created along the cutting edge on the back side of the blade. A reference part is provided on the material that has been formed and subjected to heat treatment such as thermal refining, quenching, and tempering, and processing is performed using this reference part as a reference under the control of an NC control equipment. For example, the flesh color of the blade is formed at the convex part by wire-cut electrical discharge machining controlled by 5 axes, and the crossing angle β is controlled in a III manner so that the crossing pressure between the pair of blades can be differentiated into strong, medium, and weak stages. At the intersection, the intersection angle β
In order to maintain the same, the blade or convex portion is processed into an arc shape, a cycloid shape, an involute shape, or a mixture of these curves depending on the purpose and hardness.

[Effect]

Conventionally, on the back side of scissor blades, there is a recess with an arc-shaped cross section formed by a grindstone, that is, a flesh surface, and although the flesh color α is an important angle, it has not been possible to measure it, and it has been difficult for the processor to measure it. He relied on his experience and skill to polish and finish. Also, the intersection angle β
However, in the present invention, a convex part with a slight width is formed along the cutting edge part on the back side of the blade from the time of making the material, and the convex part is formed with a straight wire electrode, for example. The wire-cut electric discharge machining used can be used to form a predetermined flesh color α in a short time, and the crossing angle α is set to have strong, medium, and weak crossing pressures, and it is controlled into curved shapes such as arcs, cycloids, and involitos. By processing and forming the material, we were able to obtain scissors suitable for the purpose.

(Example) The present invention will be explained based on the drawings that illustrate the invention.

The materials of the scissors 1 shown in Fig. 2 include H8, stainless steel, WC1T+ c, r, in addition to heat-treated and hardened carbon steel.
+N, ceramics 7, etc. can be selected. When precision casting, forging, press forming, or sintering the material, the fourth
As shown in FIG. 5, a convex portion 2 is formed along the cutting edge portion on the back side of the blade. When completed as scissors, the convex portion 2 normally has a height of about 0.5 cm and a width of about 0.311 mm. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the convex portion 2 can be welded by micro welding, which will be described in detail later, or metal or ceramic can be welded by laser. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, when the material is bent or when the cutting shape of the scissors 1 is processed using a laser, it is also possible to utilize the cutting bulge 5 created by controlling the injection pressure.

If the material of the scissors 1 formed in this way requires heat treatment, heat treatment such as refining, quenching, and tempering should be performed before processing to obtain a hardness of Hv800 or higher. Then, after making a hole 7 for a contact fixing screw in the material and using this hole 1 as a reference, or after providing a reference part 3 that will later become a part of the product through arbitrary processing,
The scooping angle α and crossing angle β are approximately 1°. Flesh color α is 5th
As shown in the figure, it may vary between the tip α and the blade base α′, and usually α<α′. The intersection angle β is as shown in FIG. 3 when the scissors 1 in FIG. It is provided so that the cross pressure when cutting is strong, medium, or weak.

For example, in the case of scissors 1 with a length of 50 mm, the intersection dimension C of the reference plane 3 of the tip of the blade with respect to the reference line is 0.08 to 0.0.
1101. It can be controlled and set to about 0.03 to 0.05 mm for medium and 0.01 to 0.03 mm for weak. The cutting edge of the convex portion 2 forms a curved arc with a radius R of 1.51 to 2 u+ so that the pair of scissors 1 intersect while maintaining this intersection angle. This curve is used by processing cycloids, involutes, etc., in addition to circles, singly or in a mixture, according to the purpose or hardness, and processing them using controlled processing equipment. There is a gap of 10 μm or less between the pair of blades of the scissors 1 assembled in this manner when the cross pressure is weak.

Next, an example will be described in which wire-cut electrical discharge machining is performed on scissors having a complicated machined surface using the material of scissors 1.
In this case, although not shown in the drawings, a hole is machined to be used when machining the hinge hole 1 and the part to be gripped through the fingers with an electrode such as a pipe, and the hole is fixed to the jig 8 with a magnet or screw as shown in Fig. 1. do. Thus, the base end portions 12 of the pair of arms 10 and 11 provided substantially horizontally are configured to be rotatably positioned around the horizontal axis 13 relative to the column 9 erected substantially vertically, and the NC device 14 is Rotation and positioning at a predetermined rotation angle are performed by a motor 15 operated by a command. A head 16 is supported at the tip of the arm 10.11 so as to be able to move up and down, and a block 11 is mounted below the head 16 to drive the horizontal plane in the U-axis and V-axis directions perpendicular to each other under the command of the NC device M14. , inside the guides (not shown) in the nozzles 18 and 19 that support the wire electrode 20, move the guide in the nozzle 18 in the U-axis and V-axis directions to move the wire electrode 20 in the vertical Z axis. (See Figure 4). The wire electrode 2° is passed through the feed drum 21, the guide roller 22, the pinch row 523 and the brake roller 2 in order to apply a predetermined tension to the wire electrode 20.
4, and then passes through guide rollers 25 and 26 and comes into contact with a guide roller and an energizing bottle (not shown) in the block 17, and is supported by the guide and faces the material 1. Then, a machining voltage is applied between the energizing bottle and the material 1 from a power source (not shown), and wire-cut electric discharge machining is performed while jetting machining fluid from nozzles 18 and 19. After that, the used wire electrode 20, which has become uneven due to processing, is sandwiched between the pinch roller 27 for renewal drive and the capstan 2B,
Furthermore, it is fed out by being sandwiched between a belt 31 stretched between the capstan 28 and the guide roller 29, and a belt 33 stretched between the guide rollers 31 and 32. The wire electrode 20 sent out between the guide rollers 29 and 30 is cut into chips by a cutter (not shown) and disposed of in a chip receiver. Although not shown in the figure, the block 17 is equipped with a pair of rollers and a cutter that pinch and feed the wire electrode, and a pipe-shaped electrode through which the wire electrode 20 is inserted and protrudes from the nozzle 18 to form a hole in the material 1. The belt 30
．． In conjunction with the feeding device according to No. 33, the
An automatic wire setting device for electrodes 20 as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 49 is constructed.

The jig 8 to which the material of the scissors 1 is attached is held by the claws 35 of the chuck 34, and the chuck 34 is pivotally supported on the base 36, and the
A motor 31 controlled by C@lN4 performs rotation control and fixed positioning around the horizontal axis 38. Furthermore, the NC device i [
Motors 39 and 40 controlled by
A cross table 43 is provided on turntables 41 and 42 that are controlled to move in the axial direction, and this turntable 43 is controlled to rotate around the vertical Z axis and fixed positioning is performed by a motor 44 controlled by an NC unit W114. The base portion 36 is fixed to the turntable 43 with a nut or the like. 45 is a bet. Also arm 10.11
The base end 12 of is attached to the column 9 so as to be able to rise and fall freely in the vertical Z-axis direction, and the elevation position is limited by a motor 46 connected to the NC@ device 4.

Instead of raising and lowering the base end 12, the chuck 34 moves the base 3
6 may be configured to move up and down. In the present invention, using such a wire-cut electrical discharge machining apparatus, the material 1 or Is
A part of the material 1 such as , WC, Ti, TiC, TiN1 ceramics is subjected to wire cut electric discharge machining or die-sinking electric discharge machining to form a reference part 3, and this reference part 3 is held by the claw 35 of the chuck 34. A hinge hole 1 is machined with a pipe electrode, a jig 8 is attached thereto by magnets or screws, and this jig 8 is held by claws 25. Then, the motor 37 operated around the horizontal axis 38 is controlled by the command of the NC device 14, and rotational positioning is performed and the motor 39° 40 is rotated on the horizontal plane.
The cross tables 41 and 72 that move in the X@Y axis directions that are perpendicular to each other perform positioning.

Further, rotational positioning around the vertical Z axis is achieved by controlling the rotational position with a turntable 43 that performs rotational positioning by a motor 44 operated by a command from the NC device 14, and thereby NCIIJID the position and orientation of the material of the scissors 1. . On the other hand, the wire electrode 20 of the wire-cut electrical discharge machining apparatus that processes the scissors 1 with the NC device @ 14 has one of the pair of guides in the nozzle 18 and 19 that supports the wire electrode 20 in the vertical direction blocked 17. By positioning the wire electrode 2 in the U-axis and V-axis directions perpendicular to each other on the horizontal plane,
0 is tilted at a predetermined angle with respect to the vertical and vertical Z-axis.

Furthermore, the base end 12 and the arm 10.1 are controlled by a motor 15 operated by a command from the NC device 14 for rotational positioning.
1, the scissors 1 having cross sections as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 6, and 7 are subjected to wire-cut electrical discharge machining by rotating and positioning the scissors 1 around the horizontal axis 13. For micro-welding to form the convex portion 2, an apparatus shown in FIG. 9 can be used.

In FIG. 9, the electrode 51 is removably attached to a spindle 52, and the spindle 52 is rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown) in a bearing box 53. A motor or torque motor 58 is attached to a base 59, and a belt 55 is stretched between a belt pulley 54 provided on the shaft of the motor 58 and a spindle 52, and the spindle 52 is rotated. The belt pulley 54 and belt 55 that rotate this spindle 52 may be replaced with gears, or they may be attached to a bearing box 53 so as to allow eccentric movement on the spindle 52.

The guide shaft 60 attached to the base 59 is a horizontal arm 61
A screw 63, which is slidably supported by a slide ball bearing 62 and mounted on the same base 59, is threaded into the arm 61 and into a nut 65 supported by a bearing 64. This rotation of the nut 65 causes the arm 6 to move a worm (not shown) that engages a worm wheel 66 fixed to the nut 65.
The base 59 is rotated by a servo motor 67 attached to the base 59 in the Z-axis direction. The material of the scissors 1, which is the workpiece, is supported on a support stand 69.
X on the saddle 71 manually or with the servo motor 70
The saddle 71 moves in the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the X-axis on the table 73 manually or by a servo motor 72. A column 75 to which an arm 61 is attached is fixed to the bed 74 to which the table 73 is fixed, but although not shown, the column 75 may be moved above the bed 14. Bracket 7 attached to base 59
6, a nozzle 11 is attached, and a metal powder 90 is supplied to the tip of the electrode 51 from a supply device (not shown). Further, the powder 89 may be supplied to the material of the scissors 1 from the end 63' of the screw 63 through a hole (not shown) provided in the axis, a hole provided in the spindle 52, and the pipe-shaped electrode 51. , and an inert gas such as He or Ar, or a reactive gas such as N2 is injected from the cylinder 78. Further, the bracket 76 is provided with a heat dissipating material 19 made of Cu, Fe, Ni, Be, etc., configured to elastically contact the material 1 and rotate. By providing a ceramic coating 79' on both ends of the heat dissipating material 79, it is possible to prevent the metal of the electrode 51 from adhering. Also, the electrode 51 and the material 1
Cover the cylinder 7 with a cover 80 to reduce the pressure inside the cylinder 7.
8 supplies an inert gas such as He or Ar, or a reactive gas such as N2.

An NC (numerical control) device 81 controls and drives the servo motor 67.70°12, the torque motor 58, and the processing power source 82. control

Then, the electrode 51 is rotated by the torque motor 58, and the metal powder particles 89 are supplied from the tip of the electrode 51 through a hole (not shown) from the end 63' of the screw 63.
1 is fed while being servoed by a servo motor 67 to cause an electric discharge between the electrode 51 and the material of the scissors 1 that is the object to be processed, thereby machining the heap, or oscillates from a laser oscillator 82 controlled by an NC device 81. The laser beam 83 is reflected by a mirror 85 inside the housing 68 and focused by a focusing lens 86, and irradiates the material 1.

A cylinder 88 is inserted through the sub-housing 87 at the reflection position.
Inject the gas inside. The energy to be irradiated is laser light 83
In addition to the metal powder 89 or the metal powder 90 that supplies the energy such as the laser beam 83 from the nozzle 71, the material of the scissors 1 can be used. The coating layer 47 can also be obtained by depositing a metal, oxide, compound, etc. thereon, and this can be done by controlling the atmosphere of the medium supplied from the cylinder 18 into the cover 80 as necessary. be. The metal solution 80 is a salt or an alkoxide, and after the reaction, the inside of the cover is thoroughly evacuated using an exhaust device (not shown), and metallization is carried out.

Furthermore, the metal powder 89 and the like may be used not only as one metal, but also as a powder of a metal compound, or as a mixture of the metal powder 89 and the metal powder 90. Further, when cutting the material of the scissors 1 using the laser beam 83, the heat dissipating material 19 is removed and the cutting edge portion is eluted to form the convex portion 2.

(Effects of the Invention) According to this invention, by forming a convex part on the cutting edge part on the back side of the scissors blade, it is possible to change the direction of the blade and the crossing angle in an extremely short time and more accurately compared to when there is no convex part. It was possible to process it into NCIIIIII again! Since the scissors are machined by wire-cut electric discharge machining, etc., it is now possible to make scissors using high-hardness materials and corrosion-resistant materials that were previously impossible to use.

Furthermore, even when using extremely complex combinations of surfaces such as scissors, the wire-cut electrical discharge machining equipment sub-controlled by NC processes the bond with a single-stroke chuck in a single stroke pattern, so the demands are met. We were able to produce the required number of tools of any desired shape, with exactly the same shape and quality.

4. I of the drawing! il$1 explanation Figure 1 is a diagram of a wire-cut electrical discharge machining device for machining the scissors of the present invention, and Figure 2F! J is a view showing one side of the scissors of the present invention, FIG. 3 is an inverted view of FIG. , FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are cross-sectional views of one blade of scissors showing other embodiments, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional scissor blade, and FIG. 9 is a micro-welding device used in the present invention. This is a diagram.

1... Scissors 2... Convex part 3... Reference part 5... ...... Cutting excitement zI! ′
1 Patent Applicant: IN Co., Ltd. Representative: Hiroki Inoue

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) For scissors, the material is precision cast, forged, press formed,
The blade is made by sintering, cutting with a laser, or by micro-welding to create a convex part with a slight width along the cutting edge on the back side of the blade, so that the blade is attached without forming a concave surface on the back side of the blade. scissors. (2) The scissors according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion has a rake angle. (3) The scissors according to claim 1, wherein the crossing angle of the blades is formed by NC control so that the blades are strong, medium, and weak. (4) The scissors according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion is formed by bending a material. (5) The scissors according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion is formed by melting a material with a laser. (6) The scissors according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion is formed by laser welding metal or ceramics. (7) The scissors according to claim 1, which are assembled so that the pair of scissors blades have a gap of 10 μm or less.