JPH02199092A - Fertilizer of type fading with time for home horticulture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make possible to clearly indicate final point of elution of fertilizing component and timing of fertilizing to user by making mixture of specific sublimating substance and water-soluble fertilizer to tablet. CONSTITUTION:At least one sublimating compound selected from 2,4,6- triisopropyl-1,3,5-trioxane (e.g. Sansabri(R) of OGAWA spicery Co.), p- dichlorobenzene and terpene compound (e.g. borneol) is mixed with urea, etc., and a little amount of water-insoluble organic fertilizer, coloring matter, pesticide of volatile at normal temperature, insecticide or spicery, etc., according to circumstances, then molded to tablet having 3-10cm<2>/g surface area and 1.5-10.5kgf/cm<2> hardness to afford the aimed fertilizer of type fading with time for home horticulture.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a time-disappearing fertilizer for home gardening.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, when fertilizing garden plants at home, solid fertilizers are used in the same way as fertilizing commercial garden plants, but in the case of conventional solid fertilizers, non-sublimable substances are used as carriers. As a result, the carrier remains even after the fertilizer components have eluted, making it difficult to tell when the fertilizer components have leached out, and can also cause soil contamination. Furthermore, the fertilizer components contained in the surface layer of the carrier are eluted, and the fertilizer components contained inside are difficult to dissolve.
There was a problem that the utilization efficiency of fertilizer components was poor.

In order to solve these problems and create a fertilizer with excellent sustainability, Japanese Patent Publication No. 19919/1983 proposes a sustainable fertilizer that combines adamantane, a sublimable substance, and a fertilizer substance. .

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

As mentioned above, in the case of conventional solid fertilizers, there is a problem in that the carrier remains even after the fertilizer components are eluted, and it is not possible to know at what point the fertilizer components have eluted. In addition, in conventional solid fertilizers, the fertilizer ingredients dissolve too quickly and the period for which the fertilizer effect is expressed is too short, or the fertilizer ingredients are applied too early, causing the fertilizer ingredients to dissolve too quickly. There was the problem of making mistakes.

On the other hand, in the case of the fertilizer described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-19919, there is no problem of residual carrier, and it is also excellent in sustainability. However, tablet-type fertilizers formulated with adamantane tend to crack after use due to the relatively weak fixing power of adamantane, and as a result, it cannot be expected that the fertilizer will dissolve at a constant rate during irrigation. In addition, the sublimation speed of adamancune differs depending on the grade, and in order to have a long-lasting life, it is necessary to select a high grade one, which makes it a very expensive sublimation agent and the product price is quite high. It could not be used as a fertilizer carrier for general home gardening. Furthermore, when trying to make tablets, adamantane, which is an industrial chemical, is liquid and quite viscous, so although it can be molded, it takes time and effort and productivity is low.

Therefore, it was necessary to search for and develop a sublimable material that is relatively inexpensive and has excellent moldability and productivity.

Furthermore, even if a sublimable carrier is used, the timing at which the fertilizer disappears due to sublimation does not necessarily coincide with the timing at which the fertilizer components are eluted. That is, these depend largely on the sublimable carrier used, as well as on the dosage form of the fertilizer, its physical properties, and the properties of the fertilizing substance.

In general, in the case of fertilizers for home gardening, there is not such a big need for the sustainability of the fertilizer's effectiveness over a fairly long period of several months, but rather that the user should be able to clearly know when to apply fertilizer1.
In other words, it is desired that the fertilizer has an indicator function in that the sublimable substance that serves as the carrier evaporates and disappears at the same time as the solid fertilizer is eluted and ceases to exhibit its fertilizing effect, and that it is inexpensive and easy to apply. ing.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a time-disappearing fertilizer for home gardening that allows the user to clearly see the end point of elution of effective fertilizer ingredients and the time of fertilization.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a time-disappearing fertilizer for home gardening that has excellent utilization efficiency of fertilizer components, is inexpensive, and can be easily applied.

[Means to solve the problem]

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, Sansabri (triisopropyl-s-trioxane, tri-ter
t-butyl-6-trioxane), p-dichlorobenzene, and a terpene compound, and a water-soluble fertilizer.
0cj/sr, hardness 1, 5-10, 5 kg
Provided is a time-disappearing fertilizer for home gardening which is formed into tablets of f/cm2.

[Operation and mode of the invention]

According to the present invention, since a water-soluble fertilizer is used together with the above-mentioned sublimable substances, as the sublimable substances volatilize and disappear, the fertilizing ingredients are also eluted into the moist soil, and all of the sublimable substances are volatilized. When the fertilizer disappears, the fertilizer ingredients are also applied to the soil and disappear. Therefore, the time of fertilization almost coincides with the time of disappearance of fertilizer.

In addition, by molding into tablets with a surface area of 3 to 10 cJ/g, it can be used for several weeks to 2 hours, which is generally required for home gardening fertilizers.
The duration can be adjusted to about a month. By the way, as is clear from the examples described later, the period during which the fertilizer disappears varies depending on the surface area of the tablet. Therefore, if the tablet is cracked or crushed due to rough handling or falling during transportation or handling, the duration indicated on the product packaging will differ significantly from the actual duration. This is especially true when no binder is used as in the present invention. However, as in the present invention, the tablets are 1.5 to 10. 5
Molding to a hardness of kg f /cm2 results in a product that will not break under normal handling or dropping. Therefore, the duration indicated on the product packaging almost matches the actual duration, and the indication of the timing of fertilization becomes more accurate.

Various fertilizer components can be used as the fertilizer components used in the present invention, but a water-soluble fertilizer containing at least one of the three major fertilizer components, nitrogen source, phosphoric acid source, and potassium source, preferably all three. Use ingredients.

Examples of nitrogen sources include urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, nitrates, amino acids,
Other water-soluble fertilizers such as A-type water-soluble fertilizers can be used, and examples of phosphoric acid sources that can be used include birophosphate, ammonium phosphate, potassium phosphate salts, calcium phosphate salts, and other water-soluble fertilizers. Further, as the potassium source, potassium salts, potassium carbonate salts, potassium phosphate salts, etc. can be used. Furthermore, water-soluble salts such as manganese, magnesium, boron, molybdenum, and calcium can also be added as trace components.

These water-soluble fertilizers are 1 to 80% of the molded solid fertilizer.
It is desirable to mix it in a proportion of 25 to 7.5% by weight, preferably 25 to 7.5% by weight, and the nitrogen content, phosphoric acid content, and potassium content contained in the fertilizing substance vary depending on the target material, but
Generally, it is desirable that each solid fertilizer tablet be contained in a proportion of 0.1 to 20% by weight. When the amount of water-soluble fertilizer exceeds 80ffi of 96, the amount of sublimable substance is too small to serve as an indicator indicating the end point of elution of fertilizer components. On the other hand, if the water-soluble fertilizer is less than 20% by weight of the solid fertilizer, or more precisely, if the amount of N-P- is less than 0.1% by weight per tablet, the fertilizer effect will not be expressed. , also N-P
If the amount exceeds 20% by weight each, it is undesirable because it tends to cause fertilization.

In addition to the above-mentioned water-soluble fertilizers, it is also possible to add water-insoluble organic fertilizers, although the amount will be smaller. However, organic fertilizer is difficult to dissolve in water, so its content is 20% by weight of solid fertilizer.
Hereinafter, preferably 0.1 to 5%, more preferably 0.1 to 2%.

In the present invention, carriers include Sansabri(triisopropyl-8-)lioxane, tri-tert-butyl-5-trioxane), p-dichlorobenzene, and terpene compounds such as naphthalene, borneol, dl-camphatricyclodecane, trimethylene. At least one sublimable substance selected from bornene is used, and its usage is suitably 20 to 99% by weight of the solid fertilizer.

By formulating sublimable substances and fertilizer components in appropriate proportions with the above composition, when the sublimable substances are volatilized and disappear, the fertilizing ingredients are also applied to the soil, and the solid fertilizer disappears. A new type of tablet-type solid fertilizer for home gardening can be obtained that uses a previously unseen sublimable substance as an indicator.

The effective period is determined by the blending ratio of the sublimable substance and fertilizer components, but as a fertilizer for home gardening, one that disappears within a few weeks to two months, preferably one to two months, is considered appropriate. .

The fertilizer of the present invention contains insecticides, repellents, agricultural chemicals, fragrances, water-soluble pigments, etc. that are volatile at room temperature together with the fertilizer components, and has other effects such as insecticidal effect and aromatic volatilization as well as fertilizing effect. You can also

When pigments are contained, a colored solid fertilizer can be obtained, and there is an advantage in that it is clearly visible that the solid fertilizer has disappeared due to the volatilization of sublimable substances, and it is also advantageous in terms of appearance. There is an advantage that you can obtain something of high value. Examples of substances that can be used include vapor surin and DDV.
P.

Examples include, but are not limited to, linalool, linalool oxide, menthol, cinnamic aldehyde, thymol, phenethyl alcohol, cineole, cinnamic alcohol, citronellol, diethyl toluamide, butyl phthalate, and the like. The content varies depending on the substance to be added, but is usually 50% by weight or less, preferably 5% by weight or less.

The tablet-type solid fertilizer of the present invention can be easily produced by mixing a solid sublimable substance and fertilizer components, and other additives as necessary, and performing compression molding, tablet molding, etc. As shown, the surface area is 3 to 10 cj/g, the hardness is 1,
Form into tablets of 5-10.5 kg f/c-. The size of the tablet depends on the desired duration, as shown in Table 7 below. It is best to use a 2-3g tablet if the fertilizer lasts for about one month, and a 0.5-1g tablet if the fertilizer lasts for about 1-2 weeks, and use only water-soluble fertilizer as the fertilizer ingredient. . Further, as is clear from Table 10 below, even if the tablets have the same weight, the larger the surface area, the faster the sublimation rate of the sublimable substance. Therefore, the duration can also be adjusted by changing the surface area of the tablet.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to Examples and Test Examples.

Examples 1 to 21 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 The components shown in Tables 1 and 2 are mixed and compression molded to produce tablets of various formulations: inorganic fertilizer formulation, organic fertilizer containing formulation, and color rejuvenating agent containing formulation. A molded solid fertilizer was produced. The tablet is a 2.5g tablet, and its surface area is about 10.5 to about 1
The hardness was about 4.4 to about 8 kgf/C.

Test example 1 (fertilizer efficacy test) Fertilizer efficacy tests were conducted under the following conditions.

Test plant: Toradicancher zone system: A: Tablet application zone of Example 1 B: Tablet application zone of Example 1 containing only the sublimable substance excluding fertilizer components C: Commercially available liquid fertilizer zone (N- P-ni-5-5-5 40
0 times diluted solution) D = untreated area Method: 7 leaves from the tip of the test plant Tradiscancher 1-1
Cut the cuttings between the 8th and 8th peaks, and make 2 cuttings in a size 5 pot.The larger of the 2 cuttings will be 11 pots, and the smaller one will be 2 pots.
The animals were classified into groups, and after being acclimatized for two weeks according to the usual method, they were tested.

The fertilizer application method is as follows.

A: 2.5g tablets were given at a rate of 1 tablet/month.

B: 2. 5 g tablets were given at a rate of 1 tablet/month.

C: 200 ml of a 400-fold dilution of liquid fertilizer (N:P:-5:5:5) was given once a week.

D: Treatment during irrigation Note that each fertilization was performed five times. The results obtained are shown in Tables 3 to 6.

Table 3 As is clear from the results shown in Tables 3 to 6 above, the sublimation fertilizer of the present invention was clearly found to be more effective than the untreated fertilizer. Although it seems to be a little inferior compared to liquid fertilizer, considering the fact that it is a stationary fertilizer and a liquid fertilizer, the sublimation fertilizer of the present invention is judged to have sufficient fertilizing effect. In addition, no drug damage due to sublimable substances was observed.

Trial Example 2 (Sublimation Test) Regarding the sublimation properties of the time-disappearing fertilizers of Examples 1.10 to 13 listed in Table-1 and Examples 18 and 19 listed in Table-2, the sublimation status on the soil surface and the greenhouse We investigated the sublimation situation when stored in a container. Each tablet was irrigated with water in the usual manner every day, and after air-drying, the rate of decrease in tablet weight was investigated.

The test results are shown in Table-7. The test was conducted 10 times using tablets of each formulation, and the initial weight and weight loss shown in Table 7 are the average values of the 10 tests for each tablet.

From the test results shown in Table 7, it was found that 2.5 g/tablet is preferable for the inorganic fertilizer formulation when the objective is to have an indicator function that disappears in about one month. In the case of water-insoluble organic fertilizer content, the disintegration was quick, and the fertilizer components were acclimatized and mixed into the soil in about one week, and the shape retention period was about one week at 2.5 g/tablet. Therefore, if it is desired that the drug disappear in one month, it is necessary to use larger tablets.

Based on the results of this test, the size of the tablet should be adjusted to 2.
．． Approximately 5 g/tablet is considered appropriate. In that case, with water-soluble fertilizer formulations, the tablet form disappears in about a month, so the user can know the end point, and with water-insoluble fertilizer formulations, the tablet form disintegrates in about a week.
Additionally, the end point can be determined from the fact that the sublimation agent evaporates.

Test Example 3 Tablet properties and sublimation properties were examined depending on the water-insoluble organic fertilizer content. The test method was the same as Test Example 2.

Example 12.13 listed in Table 1 and Example 20 listed in Table 2, and a new formulation example in which 20% of organic substance oil cake,
A comparative study was conducted on formulations containing 25% and 30%, and the properties and sublimation rate of the tablets were examined.

The prescription is shown in Table 8, and the test results are shown in Table 8.
9.

As shown in Table 9, unless the content of water-insoluble organic fertilizer is 20% by weight or less, it will disintegrate severely, making it undesirable for tablets. I got 11. The reason for this is thought to be that organic fertilizers are insoluble in water, so when sublimable substances disappear over time, organic fertilizers remain as residue and disintegrate, leaving other organic fertilizers, namely bone meal. , yeast extract, peptone, etc., similar results are expected.

Test Example 4 The difference in solid fertilizer disappearance depending on the surface area of the tablet was investigated.

In the formulation of Example 1, 3cJ/gS5cj/g, 7c4/y, 10 so that the weight of the tablet is 2.5g/tablet.
It was molded to a size such that it had a surface area of c/g and a surface area of 12 cm2/g. Note that good tablets could not be made with a surface area smaller than 3c/g.

For tablets of each surface area, all 5
The test was repeated twice. The obtained results are shown in Table 10, which is the average value of 5 repetitions.

Test implementation conditions: (1) Conducted in a greenhouse (indicated as temperature in the table) (2) Conducted on the soil surface (indicated as soil in the table) (3) Conducted outside under sunlight (in the table, From the results shown in Table 10, the surface area of the tablet is between 3cm2/g and 1.5cm2/g. It can be seen that OcJ/g is appropriate.

Test example 5 A collapse test due to drop impact was conducted.

Tablets of various hardnesses shown in Table 11 were prepared using the formulation of Example 1, and a drop test was conducted to examine their impact resistance. The place it fell was on concrete.

The results are also shown in Table-11.

Table-11 As shown in the results above, the hardness is 1.5 kgf/cm
When it is less than 2, the binding is insufficient and it is easy to break. On the other hand, when it exceeds 10.5 kgf/c-, it is not sticky, hard and brittle and is also easy to break. Therefore, 1, 5 to 10
, a tablet hardness of 5 kg f/cm2 is optimal.

Test Example 6 Tablets (2.5 g) of Example 1 (Table-1) and Comparative Example 3 (Table-2), which are sublimable inorganic fertilizers, were each taken at two intervals.
Pour 100ml of 0°C tap water and measure the remaining amount and fertilizer components (
The outflow amount of ammonium sulfate (the most common component) was measured at the same time.

That is, each tablet was placed in a funnel with a glass filter (IG), and after evenly pouring tap water at 20°C, the water on the outside was wiped off with P paper, and after drying at 25°C for 1 hour, its weight was determined. was measured. The results are shown in Table 12 and Figure 1.

On the other hand, the irrigation water from which the fertilizer components were eluted was quantitatively collected, the nitrogen content was measured by the Kercoeur method, and the nitrogen content was converted into ammonium sulfate. The results are shown in Tables 13 and 14, and FIGS. 2 and 3. The test was conducted three times, and after the test was completed, the test was left at room temperature of 20°C.

Table-13: Outflow amount of ammonium sulfate at 25°C from the tablet of Example 1 (mg) Table-12: Tablet table-14 at 25°C = Outflow amount of ammonium sulfate at 25°C from the tablet of Comparative Example 3 (mg) As shown in Table 12 and Figure 1, both the tablets of Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 were reduced in weight at a relatively constant rate, but the amount of fertilizing ingredients released was shown in Table 13 and Table 14. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in Example 1, 30
rag/day (see Figure 2), whereas in Comparative Example 3, the flow rate varied considerably between 5 and 50 mg/D (see Figure 3). In addition, as can be seen from FIG. 3, in the tablet of Comparative Example 3, the fertilizing ingredients flowed out faster, and the result was obtained that was not proportional to the remaining amount of the sublimation agent.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the time-disappearing fertilizer for home gardening of the present invention is
Because it contains specific sublimable substances and water-soluble fertilizers as main ingredients, as the sublimable substances volatilize and disappear, the fertilizing ingredients are stably eluted into the moist soil, and all the sublimable substances are removed. When the fertilizer disappears through volatilization, the fertilizing ingredients have also been applied to the soil and are gone. Therefore, the fertilizer itself has the function of an indicator, and the user can clearly know when to apply the fertilizer.

In addition, the surface area is 3 to 1.0 c/g, the hardness is 1.5 to 10,
Because it is molded into a 5 kgf / cm2 tablet, it has a duration of about several weeks to about 2 months, which is required for home gardening fertilizers, and the duration can be adjusted as desired.
Because there is less risk of the tablets breaking or shattering during transportation and handling, the duration indicated on the product packaging closely matches the actual duration, making the timing of fertilization more accurate.

Furthermore, since it is formed into a tablet, it can be easily and easily fertilized, and at least one selected from Sansabri, p-dichlorobenzene, and the above-mentioned terpene compounds is used as a sublimable carrier, and these sublimable substances are inexpensive. Because of its excellent moldability, inexpensive tablet-shaped fertilizers can be manufactured relatively easily and with high productivity.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a graph showing the daily change in the average remaining amount of tablets (2.5 g) at 25°C, Fig.
, 5g) at 25°C.
5g) is a graph showing oral changes in the amount of ammonium sulfate released at 25°C. No. 1 Amendment to Procedures for Elapsed Number of Days (Voluntary) 1999

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Sansabri (triisopropyl-s-trioxane, tri-tert-butyl-s-trioxane), p
- A formulation containing at least one sublimable substance selected from dichlorobenzene and terpene compounds and a water-soluble fertilizer has a surface area of 3 to 10 cm^2/g and a hardness of 1.5 to 10.
A time-disappearing fertilizer for home gardening that is formed into tablets of 5 kgf/cm^2. (2) The time-disappearing fertilizer for home gardening according to claim 1, further comprising a small amount of water-insoluble organic fertilizer. (3) The time-disappearing fertilizer for home gardening according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising one or more of insecticides, insect repellents, agricultural chemicals, fragrances, and pigments that are volatile at room temperature.