JPH02200868A - 極細複合繊維およびその織布または不織布 - Google Patents

極細複合繊維およびその織布または不織布

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Publication number
JPH02200868A
JPH02200868A JP1018269A JP1826989A JPH02200868A JP H02200868 A JPH02200868 A JP H02200868A JP 1018269 A JP1018269 A JP 1018269A JP 1826989 A JP1826989 A JP 1826989A JP H02200868 A JPH02200868 A JP H02200868A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fiber
sea
ultrafine
conjugate
island
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Granted
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JP1018269A
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English (en)
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JP2703971B2 (ja
Inventor
Michinori Kawano
道則 川野
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JNC Corp
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Chisso Corp
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Priority to JP1018269A priority Critical patent/JP2703971B2/ja
Priority to US07/468,860 priority patent/US4966808A/en
Priority to EP19900300838 priority patent/EP0380358A3/en
Publication of JPH02200868A publication Critical patent/JPH02200868A/ja
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Publication of JP2703971B2 publication Critical patent/JP2703971B2/ja
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/36—Matrix structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/292—Conjugate, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, fibres or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/30—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the fibres or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/30—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the fibres or filaments
    • D03D15/33—Ultrafine fibres, e.g. microfibres or nanofibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/573—Tensile strength
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
    • D04H1/43828—Composite fibres sheath-core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
    • D04H1/4383—Composite fibres sea-island
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
    • D04H1/43832—Composite fibres side-by-side
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43835—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43838—Ultrafine fibres, e.g. microfibres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/903—Microfiber, less than 100 micron diameter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
    • Y10T428/2931—Fibers or filaments nonconcentric [e.g., side-by-side or eccentric, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3146—Strand material is composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
    • Y10T442/3163—Islands-in-sea multicomponent strand material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/637—Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
    • Y10T442/64—Islands-in-sea multicomponent strand or fiber material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、極細繊維発生複合繊維に関し、特に構成成分
の一部を除去することにより極細繊維を発生させる、極
細繊維発生複合繊維およびそれを用いた織布または不織
布に関する。
〔従来の技術〕
最近、衣料製品の高級化、多用化に伴い繊維の極細化に
よる風合い改良が試みられ、また合成紙、不織布などの
用途開発が進むにつれて、極細繊維の製造法の開発が望
まれている。極細繊維を発生する繊維、すなわち極細繊
維発生繊維で、一般に海島型繊維と称されている極細繊
維発生繊維は極めて有用であり、これを用いた新しい製
品が多く世に出ていることはよく知られているところで
ある。
しかし、海島型極細繊維発生繊維のうち、特に特公昭４
７−３７６４８等に開示される海島構造がポリマーブレ
ンドによるものは、海島各成分となる異種のポリマーを
ブレンドして、溶融紡糸後、海成分を溶剤により除去し
、島成分のみ残すようにしたものである。このような海
島型極細発生繊維において、島成分の独立性を良好なも
のにするには、海成分のブレンド比率を大きくする必要
がある。しかし、海島型極細繊維発生繊維に用いられて
いる海成分は、除去が最終目的のため、極細繊維束を一
時的に結合しているだけであり、結合成分は補強成分と
なり得ない。したがって、これより得られる海島型極細
繊維発生繊維はあまり強力なものとはいえなかった。ま
た、これら海島型極細繊維発生繊維から海成分を除去す
ることにより、残った島成分である極細繊維束の繊維強
力は低い。
また、特開昭６０−２１９０４号公報等に開示される海
島構造となるように異種のポリマーを複合紡糸した繊維
の可紡性は、海成分の可紡性がよくないことが多いため
、海島型繊維の可紡性もあまり良好といえなかった。ま
た、海島成分がポリマーブレンドである繊維は、性状の
異なるポリマーをブレンドしていることから、満足でき
る紡糸安定性は得られない。すなわち、口金から吐出さ
れたポリマーは大細状となり、ポリマーの組合わせによ
っては、雨垂れ状に切れ易くなる。
〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕
本発明の目的は、通常の実用上支障を来さない充分な強
力を備え、また安定した可紡性を与える極細繊維発生繊
維を提供することにある。
〔課題を解決するための手段〕
本発明者たちは、極細繊維発生繊維の上記の課題の解決
のため鋭意研究の結果、極細繊維発生繊維を複合繊維と
し、少な（ともその複合部分の１つが繊維表面に露出し
た海島構造を有する部分で、その島成分が０．１デニー
ル以下の極細繊維であり、海島構造を有しない他の複合
部分（以下、他部分）が０．５デニール以上の繊維とす
ることにより、他部分よりなる繊維で強力を持たせ、そ
の近辺に島成分よりなる０、　１デニール以下の極細繊
維を発生させ、極細繊維特有の風合いを出すことで所期
の成果が得られることを知り、本発明を完成するに到っ
た。
本発明は、複合繊維で、該複合繊維を構成する複合部分
の少なくとも１つが海島構造を有し、複合繊維の表面に
露出しており、海島構造を構成する海成分は溶剤などで
除去可能であり、かつ海成分除去後の島成分が繊度０．
１デニール以下の極細繊維よりなり、かつ複合繊維の他
の複合部分が繊度０．５デニール以上の繊維よりなり、
なおかつ複合繊維全体が繊度１デニール以上である極細
繊維発生複合繊維より海成分を除去して得られる極細複
合繊維、および前記極細繊維発生複合繊維またはこれと
熱接着性複合繊維と織布または不織布に関するものであ
る。
本発明における複合繊維の形態は、極細繊維を発生する
部分である海島構造を有する部分が表面に露出していれ
ばどのようなものでもよい。例えば海島構造を有する部
分ｌとその他の部分４がサイドバイサイド型となってい
る複合繊維（第１図）、または海島構造を有する部分１
を鞘とし、その他の部分４を芯とした鞘芯型複合繊維（
第２図）等が挙げられる。
本発明の極細繊維発生複合繊維は、島成分および他の部
分に用いる樹脂として、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン
等のポリオレフィン、ナイロン６、ナイロン６６等のポ
リアミド、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレン
テレフタレート等の熱可塑性ポリエステル等がいずれも
使用できる。また海成分に用いる樹脂として、水溶性の
部分ケン化ポリビニルアルコール、アルカリにより加水
分解する（エチレンテレフタレート１５−ナトリウムス
ルホイソフタレート）共重合体等、海成分以外の成分に
悪影響を与えることなく除去できるものが例示できる。
海島型に紡糸する方法としては、従来公知の方法を用い
ることができる０例えば、特公昭４７−３７６４８号公
報に示された、海島両成分をポリマーブレンドとする方
法、特開昭６０−２１９０４に示されるように、１つの
成分流が複数に分割されて、他成分と合流した構成の複
合流によって形成する方法等がある。
以下、本発明を実施例により詳細に説明する。
〔実施例〕
実施例１ 直径０．６　ｍの円形紡糸口を有する紡糸口金（紡糸口
総数１９８個）を用い、紡糸温度２１０°Ｃで、海島部
分に熱可塑性ポリビニルアルコール（重合度４００、け
ん化度６２％）とポリプロピレン（メルトフローレート
１０）を、重量比で３対２にブレンドしたもの、他の部
分に高密度ポリエチレン（メルトインデックス３０）を
用い、それぞれ１００ｇ／ｍｉｎで前記紡糸口金に供給
し、スパンボンド法により紡出糸を５００ｍ／ｍｉｎで
引取り、サイドバイサイド型極細繊維発生複合繊維のフ
リースを得た。
得られたフリースをウォーターニードルパンチングする
ことで、海成分の除去と繊維間の交絡を同時に行ない、
極細繊維を有する不織布（目付け６０ｇ／ボ）を得た。
得られた不繊布を顕微鏡観察したところ、発生した極細
繊維は０．０００１〜０．１デニールであった。また、
この不織布の引張り破断強力は幅５ｃｍ、試製１０ｃｍ
で０．１２ｋｇであった。
実施例２ 直径０．６　ｍｍの円形紡糸口を有する紡糸口金（紡糸
口総数３５０個）に、紡糸温度２４０℃で、鞘部分樹脂
として熱可塑性ポリビニルアルコール（重合度４００、
けん化度６２％）とポリプロピレン（ＭＦＲ＝２０）を
、重量比で１対１にブレンドしたものを１００ｇ／ｍｉ
ｎ、芯成分樹脂（ポリプロピレン、メルトフローレート
４０）を５０ｇ／ｍｉｎでそれぞれ供給し、前記口金か
ら押出して４２８　ｍ　／　ｍ　ｉ　ｎで引取り、鞘芯
型の極細繊維発生複合繊維を得た。この未延伸糸の断面
を顕微鏡写真に撮影して、海島構造を有する成分を観察
した結果、その成分は芯成分を取り巻く格好で存在し、
その島数は百数十個てあった。
得られた極細繊維発生複合繊維を３倍延伸して、極細繊
維発生複合繊維の延伸糸を得た。延伸糸の引張り破断強
度は、強度は０．５ｇ／４であった。
また、これを５１ｍにカットし得られたステーブルと、
鞘成分がポリエチレン、芯成分がポリプロピレンの鞘芯
型熱接着性複合繊維（２デニール、５１ｍｍ）とを重量
比１対１で混綿し、カーデイングすることにより得られ
たウェッブを１３０°Ｃに加熱したエンボスロールで不
織布にした後、８０°Ｃの熱水で洗濯することで０．０
００１〜０．１デニールのポリプロピレン極細繊維を有
する目付け５０ｇ／ｒｔＴの不織布を得た。得られた不
織布の破断強力は幅５ｃｍ、試製１０ＣＩ（機械方向）
で７．３　ｋｇであった。
実施例３ 実施例２で得られた極細繊維発生繊維のステーブルをカ
ーデイングすることによりウェッブをっくう、ウォータ
ーニードルパンチングにより海成分の除去と繊維間の交
絡を同時に行なった後、アクリル系樹脂のエマルシヨン
を塗布含浸させ、乾燥することにより、Ｏ，ＯＯ０１〜
０．１デニールのポリプロピレン極細繊維を有する、目
付け１５０ｇ／イの不織布を得た。この不織布の破断強
力は輻５１、試製１０ｃｍ（機械方向）で３．３　ｋｇ
であった。
実施例４ 実施例２で得られた延伸糸を熱水槽を通すことにより海
成分を除去し、０．０００１〜０．１デニールのポリプ
ロピレン極細繊維を含む繊維束を得た。
得られた繊維束の引張り破断強力は１ｋｇ／ｄであった
。
実施例５ 直径１．０ｍの円形紡糸口を有する紡糸口金（紡糸口総
数２４０個）を用い、紡糸温度２４０°Ｃで、鞘成分樹
脂としてカルボン酸変性熱可塑性ポリビニルアルコール
（重合度３００、けん化度６２％）とポリプロピレン（
ＭＦＲ−２０）を、重量比で１対１にブレンドしたもの
、芯成分樹脂としてポリプロピレン（メルトフローレー
ト２０）をそれぞれ紡糸温度２４０°Ｃ，，１００ｇ／
ｍｉｎで供給し、前記紡糸口金から押出し後、４２８ｍ
／ｍｆｎで引取り、鞘芯型の極細繊維発生複合繊維を得
た。この未延伸糸の断面を顕微鏡写真に邊影して海島構
造を有する鞘成分を観察した結果、その成分は芯成分を
取り巻く格好で存在し、その品数は百数十個であった。
得られた極細繊維発生複合繊維を４倍延伸して、極細繊
維発生複合繊維の延伸糸を得た。またこれヲ３ＩＩ１１
にカットし、湿式抄紙することにより０．０００１〜０
．１デニールのポリプロピレン極細繊維を有する、目付
け１００　ｇ／ｒｄの不織布を得た。
得られた不織布の引張り破断強度は幅５Ｃ１、試製１０
ＣＩで０．８　ｋｇ程度であった。
〔発明の効果〕
本発明の極細繊維発生型複合繊維は、０．１デニール以
下の極細繊維を発生する海島構造を有する部分と、０．
５デニール以上の繊維である他部分を含んでいるので、
極細繊維発生繊維としては破断強力等も高く、実用上充
分な強力が得られる。また製造上も、極細繊維を発生さ
せる海島構造を有する成分のみで紡糸した場合と較べて
、紡糸性状の良好な他の部分とを複合紡糸することによ
り、紡糸条件の許容範囲が広く、安定した紡糸性が得ら
れる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図は、サイドバイサイド型の極細繊維発生複合繊維
の断面図、第２図は、鞘芯型の極細繊維発生複合繊維の
断面図である０図中の１は島成分、ｌは海成分、３は他
の複合部分を表わす。

Claims (4)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. （１）複合繊維で、該複合繊維を構成する複合部分の少
    なくとも１つが海島構造を有し、複合繊維の表面に露出
    しており、海島構造を構成する海成分は溶剤などで除去
    可能であり、かつ海成分除去後の島成分が繊度０．１デ
    ニール以下の極細繊維よりなり、かつ複合繊維の他の複
    合部分が繊度０．５デニール以上の繊維よりなり、なお
    かつ複合繊維全体が繊度１デニール以上である極細繊維
    発生複合繊維より海成分を除去して得られる極細複合繊
    維。
  2. （２）請求項（１）記載の極細繊維発生複合繊維を用い
    て製造した織布または不織布より海成分を除去して得ら
    れる、極細繊維を有する織布または不織布。
  3. （３）請求項（１）記載の極細繊維発生複合繊維と、熱
    接着性複合繊維とを用いて製造した織布または不織布か
    ら、その織布または不織布を熱接着処理する前または後
    に、海成分を除去することによって得られる、極細繊維
    を有する織布または不織布。
  4. （４）請求項（１）記載の極細繊維発生複合繊維に、バ
    インダーを付与して製造した織布または不織布より海成
    分を除去することによって得られる、極細繊維を有する
    織布または不織布。
JP1018269A 1989-01-27 1989-01-27 極細複合繊維およびその織布または不織布 Expired - Fee Related JP2703971B2 (ja)

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US07/468,860 US4966808A (en) 1989-01-27 1990-01-23 Micro-fibers-generating conjugate fibers and woven or non-woven fabric thereof
EP19900300838 EP0380358A3 (en) 1989-01-27 1990-01-26 Micro-fibre-generating conjugate fibres and fabrics thereof

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