JPH02206688A - Powder solid fuel injection burner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively remove deposits without stopping the supply of a powdery solid fuel by superimposing a plurality of tubes on the same axis and disposing the deposit-removing bar reciprocatively moving in the axial direction by a mechanical operation at the fron of the inlet of the inner tube. CONSTITUTION:When a raw material-blowing hole 2 is clogged due to some cause, the detected differential pressure of a differential pressure oscillator 14 disposed in a branched carrying line 10 is raised. When the detected differential pressure is raised above a certain set value, an automatic control mechanism 22 is operated to send signals 15 to a pneumatic operating section 21 and a high speed gas-controlling valve 16, thereby operating a deposit-removing bar to remove the deposits while blowing out a high speed gas such as nitrogen gas from a high speed gas-blowing opening 19.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a powder solid fuel injection burner used in a spouted bed powder solid fuel gasification apparatus.

[Conventional technology]

There are various energy alternatives to petroleum, but among them, coal has the largest reserves, and the one that is attracting the most attention is that it is solid and inconvenient to handle, and it also contains ash, sulfur, nitrogen, etc. In order to use it effectively,
It is desirable to convert it into a clean energy source through liquefaction, gasification, etc. and use it.

Coal gasification is currently attracting attention as a promising method for turning coal into a clean fuel. Among them, both the coal gasification combined cycle system, which uses clean gas from coal for power generation, and the coal gasification hydrogen production system, which aims to produce hydrogen, are attracting attention. The key technology that supports both of these methods is coal gasification technology, and gasifiers are required to have high gasification efficiency, operability, reliability, and adaptability to a wide range of coal types. As a gasification method that satisfies these conditions, pulverized coal is heated in a high-temperature air stream with a gasifying agent (oxygen, air,
The spouted bed gasification method, which involves reacting with water and water vapor), is seen as promising.

A schematic diagram of a gasification device using the spouted bed gasifier is shown in Section 8.
As shown in the figure, this equipment consists of a coal supply system, a gas and other agent supply system,
It consists of a gasifier, a dust collection system 53 and a desulfurization system 54.

The coal supply system transports the powdered solid fuel (coal, liquefied fuel, etc.) 37 that has been crushed and classified by a crusher from the raw material transport line 29 into the atmospheric pressure hopper 30, and then charges it into the pressure hopper 31. It is supplied to a supply hopper 32 which has a load cell 33 for weight measurement installed on the outer wall. When supplying the powdered solid fuel 37, the pressure in the supply hopper 32 is made several degrees higher than the pressure in the gasifier 48, and then the powdered solid fuel 37 is supplied to the feeder 3.
4, the material is passed through the raw material transport line 12 using the carrier gas 36 (nitrogen and inert gas), and the gasification furnace 48
supply to. It flows through upper and lower branch pipes 42 and 43 through a distributor 11 that can evenly distribute it to several burners 46 and 47, and is supplied to the gasifier 48.

The gas and other agent supply system has a nitrogen or air control valve 38 and a water vapor control valve 39, and flows through gas and other agent supply lines 40 and 41, which are divided into two parts in the middle to form an upper and lower gas and other agent supply line 44.
．． 45 passes through burners 46 and 47, and feeds into a gasifier 48. The powdered solid fuel 37 and the gasifying agent come into contact at the outlet or inside the burner tip.

The gasifier 48 has a structure lined with firebrick. Because the temperature inside the gasifier is high, the ash in the coal melts and slag precipitates. Therefore, a slag distribution line 50° and a slag hopper 51 are provided to collect this slag.

The gas generated from the gasifier 48 is transferred from the gasifier outlet line 52 to the dust collector 53. After passing through a desulfurization device 54 to remove dust, hydrogen sulfide, etc. from the generated gas, the generated gas is supplied to a turbine or the like through a line 55 as clean gas.

The gasifier 48 installed in these devices is at °C.

As mentioned above, there is a supply system for supplying powdered solid fuel (coal, liquefied fuel, etc.) 37, and burners 46, 4 on the gasifier 48 side.
7.

These burners 46 and 47 are important pieces of equipment that can generate gases rich in hydrogen, carbon oxide, etc. by bringing the powdered solid fuel into contact with the gasifying agent inside and outside the burner tip and causing a reaction. During the continuous supply of powdered solid fuel, the burner tip may become clogged for some reason. This is caused by reasons such as a decrease in the amount of nitrogen being transported, a decrease in the flow rate, pressure fluctuations in the gasifier or supply hopper, and the presence of wood chips and coarse particles in the powdered solid fuel. Furthermore, because the burner outlet is at a high temperature, slabs may adhere to the burner tip and cause blockage.

Therefore, how can we quickly eliminate this blockage at the tip of the burner?
Recovering the vehicle without dismantling it is essential to improving operability.

Conventionally, typical burners having a closure recovery means at the tip of the burner will be described below.

1. Applying reverse pressure by supplying a large amount of transport gas (nitrogen) to the pressure end purge section and blow pipe in the powder solid fuel supply line (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61, No. 59011)
.

2. Temporarily stop the supply of powdered solid fuel, open the valve before the burner, and extract the gas from the gasifier side into the atmosphere (if the pressure on the gasifier side is high).

3. Stimulate the inside of the burner with a sediment removal rod.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In method 1, if slabs or powdered solid fuel are deposited and solidified on the tip of the burner, it is difficult to release the solid fuel simply by circulating a large amount of gas. Also,
Repeated nitrogen purge operations cause pressure fluctuations within the conveyor pipe, which may affect other distribution lines and pose a risk of clogging even burners that are not blocked.

In method 2, it is possible to release the burner if powdered solid fuel is deposited on the tip of the burner, but it is very difficult to release the burner if slag is attached. In addition, this method has the problem that the raw materials must be temporarily stopped.

Method 3 above is considered to be the most effective compared to methods 1 and 2 above. However, similar to method 2 above,
There is a problem in which the raw material must be temporarily stopped.

In summary, method 1.2 does not have a sufficient deposit removal effect, and method 3 has a problem in that the supply of raw materials must be temporarily stopped.

The purpose of the present invention is to
Another object of the present invention is to provide a powder solid fuel injection burner that can provide a sufficient deposit removal effect.

[Means to solve the problem]

The above purpose is achieved by installing a deposit removal rod that reciprocates in the axial direction by mechanical operation in front of the inlet of the inner cylinder pipe.
achieved. This is also achieved by installing a high-speed gas jet nozzle that uses high-speed gas to remove deposits attached to the tip of the burner.

[Effect]

When it is detected that the tip of the burner is clogged by means such as a differential pressure oscillator installed in the raw material conveyance line, the deposit removal rod is horizontally reciprocated in the axial direction to mechanically push out the deposits. Or from a high-speed gas jet nozzle, for example 30
A high-speed gas of m/s or higher is passed through to blow away the deposits. As a result, deposits can be effectively removed without stopping the supply of powdered solid fuel9 [Example] Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a powdered solid fuel injection burner according to the present invention. FIG. 2A is an enlarged view of the outer cylindrical portion of the deposit removal rod in FIG. 1. Moreover, FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a spouted bed gasifier to which the present invention is applied.

First, the gasifier shown in FIG. 6 will be explained. This gasifier uses a spouted bed type gasifier 48 and has a structure in which the inside is lined with firebrick, and has a slab cooling section 57. Reaction part 4
9 and a generated gas flow section 56, and two external mixing type burners 47 are installed in the lower part of the gasifier reaction section 49 in a tangential direction so as to form a swirling flow within the gasifier. This burner 47 has a cooling water inlet line 4. Exit line 5. Gas and other agent supply line 8 and coal branch pipe line 43
is connected. Since the temperature inside the gasifier 48 reaches a high temperature of 1400 degrees or more, the ash in the coal melts and slag is generated. Therefore, the slag cooling section 5 in which water is filled with this slag
The structure is such that the material is allowed to fall freely into the air, rapidly cooled and solidified, and then recovered.

On the other hand, a differential pressure extraction line 13 is provided in the coal branch pipe line 43 of the coal supply system, and a differential pressure oscillator 14 is further attached to this differential pressure extraction line 13.
In addition to measuring the differential pressure of 3, an automatic control mechanism section 22 having a built-in deposit removal rod operating mechanism section is installed in the powder solid fuel line 25 within the burner.

Next, the burner shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be explained. The burner main body 24 includes a burner raw material inlet pipe 99, a branch pipe conveying line 10. Distributor 11° Raw material transport line 12
．． Differential pressure extraction line 13. Differential pressure oscillator 14. Deposit removal rod operating outer cylinder part 17. Deposit removal 18. High-speed gas outlet 19. Sediment removal rod outer cylinder connection part 20. Pneumatic differential section 21
．． Flow passage within the sediment removal frame 26. High speed gas (nitrogen) regulating valve 16, high speed gas distribution line 23. high-speed gas jet hole 19,
It consists of an automatic control mechanism section 22.

The burner body 24 has an outer cylindrical portion connected to a cooling water inlet and an outlet line 4.
, 5 flows, powdered solid fuel 37 and conveying gas 36 flow through the center flow path 1 of the inner tube, and a gas and other agent supply line 8 flows through the intermediate cylinder between the outer tube and the inner tube. It has a triple-pipe structure through which gasifying agents (oxygen, air, and water vapor) flow.

The gasifying agent is supplied from the gas and other agent supply line 8 into the burner intermediate cylindrical pipe, and is ejected from the gasifying agent outlet 3 at the tip of the burner.

The powdered solid fuel 37 flows through the raw material transport line 12, is supplied to the distributor 11, and is evenly distributed, after which it passes through the branch pipe transport line 10 and flows from the burner raw material inlet piping 9 to the center flow path of the inner cylindrical pipe in the burner. 1 and is ejected from the raw material ejection hole 2 into the gasifier 7 .

On the way, this line 10 is connected to the line of the branch pipe conveyance line 10.
A differential pressure oscillator 14 is installed inside a differential pressure take-out line 13 and a differential pressure oscillator 14 for detecting the differential pressure inside. Further, the burner raw material inlet pipe 9 is connected to the burner powder solid fuel line 25 at an angle of 30 degrees or less.

The sediment removal rod operating mechanism includes a sediment removal rod 1 with an acute tip.
8. Sediment removal rod outer cylinder part 17. It consists of a pneumatic actuator 21 and a deposit removal rod outer cylinder connection part 20, and an enlarged view of this part is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the deposit removal rod 18 pushes high-pressure air from the pneumatic operating section 21 into the interior of the air pressure flow path 60 through the pneumatic flow passage 60, and is operated to expand and contract by the air pressure.
8 has a bellows portion 59 that expands and contracts. Further, the tip of the removal rod 18 has a length that extends somewhat into the gasification furnace 7 from the raw material injection hole 2, so that the deposit can be pushed out and removed. Further, the removal rod 18 has an internal flow passage 26 in the center thereof through which high-speed gas flows.

The deposit removal rod outer cylinder connection part 20 is a threaded structure 61 and is connected to the internal powder solid fuel line 25 in the burner. Further, the sealing portion 58 when the connecting portion 20 moves inside the connecting portion 25 is sealed with a sealant such as Teflon to prevent leakage of powdered solid fuel, pressure, etc.

The high-speed gas (nitrogen) flow section includes a high-speed gas control valve 16° and a high-speed gas (nitrogen) flow line 23. Sediment removal rod internal flow passage 26
and a high-speed gas (nitrogen) jet hole 19. High-velocity gas (nitrogen) is usually continuously supplied in a small amount to avoid clogging the line.

When the raw material ejection hole 2 is blocked for some reason, the differential pressure detected by the differential pressure oscillator 14 installed in the branch pipe conveyance line 10 immediately increases, and when it exceeds a certain set value, the automatic control mechanism section 22
is activated, the pneumatic actuator 21 and the high-speed gas control valve 16
A signal 15 is sent to activate the deposit removal rod 18, and the deposits are removed while jetting high-speed gas from the high-speed gas (nitrogen) nozzle 19.

FIG. 4 shows a configuration in which the high-speed gas supply line in FIG. 1 is removed and deposits are removed only with the deposit removal rod 18, and
The figure shows the deposit removal rod removed and the high-speed gas jet nozzle 27 connected to the burner raw material inlet piping and the powdered solid fuel line 2 inside the burner.
It is installed near the junction with 5 and is configured to remove deposits with high-speed gas of 3 Qm/s or more.

In Figure 6, the position of the high-speed gas jet hole 28 of the nozzle 27 in Figure 5 is in front of the outlet of the tip of the inner cylindrical tube in the burner, and the speed is 30 m/s.
This configuration uses the above-described high-speed gas to remove deposits, and any of the configurations shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 can provide the same effect as the configuration shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 7 shows the relationship between high-speed gas blowing flow rate and slab adhesion rate. The slag adhesion rate was defined as the ratio of the amount of slag remaining at the burner tip when high-speed gas was passed through to the amount of slab attached to the entire burner tip.

As shown in this graph, the flow velocity from the high-speed gas (nitrogen) jet hole 19 is about several m/s, making it difficult to remove the slag.
It can be seen that the flow velocity for blowing off 5% or more is 30 m/s or more.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, deposits such as slabs attached to the tip of the burner can be effectively removed without stopping the supply of raw materials, and at the same time, the blocked portion can be automatically restored. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the powder solid fuel injection bar according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the outer cylinder of the deposit removal rod in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the powder solid fuel injection burner according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a spouted bed gasifier to which the invention is applied. 6 is a sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the powder solid fuel injection burner according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the relationship between high-speed gas flow velocity and slab adhesion rate at the tip of the burner. The graph and FIG. 8 are schematic diagrams of the spouted bed gasifier. 1... Inner cylinder pipe center flow path, 2... Raw material ejection hole, 3...
・Gasifier blowout hole, 4...Cooling water inlet line, 5
...Cooling water outlet line, 6...Fireproof brick, 7...
・Reaction part in gasifier, 8...Gasifier supply line, 9
... Burner raw material inlet piping, 10... Branch pipe transfer line, 11... Distributor, 12... Raw material transport line,
13...Differential pressure take-out line, 14...Differential pressure oscillator, 15...Signal. 16... High-speed gas (nitrogen) control valve, 17... Deposit removal rod outer cylinder part, 18... Deposit removal rod, 19... High-speed gas (nitrogen) nozzle hole, 20... Deposition Object removal rod outer cylinder connection part, 21... Pneumatic operation part, 22... Automatic control mechanism part, 23... High speed gas (nitrogen) distribution line, 24.
... Burner body, 25... Powdered solid fuel line in the burner, 26... Flow path in the deposit removal frame, 27... High-speed gas jetting nozzle, 28... High-speed gas jetting hole, 29...
・Raw material conveyance line, 30... Ordinary pressure hopper, 31...
Pressure hopper, 32... Supply hopper, 33... Load cell, 34... Feeder, 35... Mixer, 36...
...Carrier gas (nitrogen or inert gas), 37...Powdered solid fuel, 40°41...Gasifying agent supply line, 4
2.43... Branch pipe, 44.45... Gasifying agent supply line, 46.47... Burner, 48... Gasifier, 49... Reaction section in gasifier, 50... ...Slag distribution line, 5]...Slag hopper, 52...Gasifier outlet line, 53...Dust collector, 54...Desulfurization device, 56...Produced gas flow path, 57...・Slag cooling part, 58... Seal part, 59... Bellows part, 60
...Pneumatic flow path. Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of cylindrical tubes with different diameters are superimposed on the same axis, and the innermost inner cylindrical tube is a central flow path for supplying powdered solid fuel and its carrier gas, and the outer cylindrical tube is The inner cylinder and the space between the cylindrical tubes are configured as a flow path for supplying cooling water and a flow path for supplying a gasifying agent, respectively, and the powder solid fuel and gasifying agent are transported at the outlet of the tip of the inner cylindrical tube. A powder solid fuel injection burner that gasifies the powder solid fuel by contacting the powder solid fuel, characterized in that a deposit removal rod that reciprocates in the axial direction by mechanical operation is installed in front of the inner cylinder pipe entrance. Fuel injection burner. 2. The powdered solid fuel injection burner according to claim 1, wherein the tip of the deposit removing rod is formed at an acute angle. 3. The powdered solid fuel injection burner according to claim 1, wherein the deposit removal rod has a flow path for high-speed gas flow in its center. 4. A differential pressure oscillator that detects the differential pressure in the powder solid fuel flow path;
The powdered solid fuel injection burner according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a deposit removal rod operating section and an automatic control mechanism. 5. The powdered solid fuel injection burner according to claim 3, wherein the high speed gas blowing out from the high speed gas flow passage has a blowing speed of 30 m/s or more. 6. Multiple cylindrical tubes with different diameters are stacked on the same axis, and the innermost inner cylindrical tube is used as a central channel for supplying powdered solid fuel and its carrier gas, and the outer cylindrical tubes and cylindrical tubes are connected to each other. The space between them is configured as a flow path for supplying cooling water and a flow path for supplying a gasifying agent, and the powdered solid fuel and the gasifying agent are brought into contact with each other at the outlet of the tip of the inner tube, and the powdered solid fuel is A powdered solid fuel injection burner for gasifying fuel, characterized in that a high-speed gas injection nozzle is installed in front of the inlet or outlet of the inner cylinder pipe to remove deposits attached to the tip of the burner using high-speed gas. Powdered solid fuel injection burner. 7. The powdered solid fuel injection burner according to claim 6, characterized in that the high-speed gas blowing out from the high-speed gas injection nozzle has a blowing speed of 30 m/s or more.