JPH02207706A - Digger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make possible to readily perform digging even low horsepower by protrusively installing a bladed plate horizontally from machine frame downwardly extended at one side or both sides of a machine body and revolving the bladed plate longitudinally to projecting direction of digger. CONSTITUTION:Driven traveling wheels 7 are provided at one side of machine body 1 and digging blades 9 are provided at the other side. Then, machine frames 11 are downwardly extended at one side or both side of the machine body 1 and bladed plates 13 are horizontally protruded from the machine frames 11, thus digging blades 9 are constructed by making the bladed plates 13 to revolve in longitudinal direction to traveling direction of the digger. As a result, resistance to cutting of the digging blades by traveling wheels in traveling and thus digging is readily performed even with low horsepower.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a digging machine for digging up crops etc. buried in the ground, and in particular, it reduces the resistance acting on the digging blade when traveling, It relates to something that allows digging with low horsepower.

(Prior Art) A digging machine is generally used to dig up crops buried underground, such as carrots, burdock, or seedlings. These devices are broadly divided into those that are used for large agricultural vehicles such as tractors, and those that are applicable to small management machines such as tillers, but the present invention is mainly applicable to small management machines. Conventionally, this type of device includes a running wheel that is driven relative to the machine body, and a digging blade that is bent in a substantially dogleg shape in front or behind the running wheel. The digging blade is swung back and forth, advances into the ground, and digs up the crops along with the soil all at once.

(Problem M to be solved by the invention) Conventional excavators cut underground by swinging a digging blade bent in a substantially dogleg shape in the front and back directions, but the entire digging blade Since the blades are simultaneously swung back and forth, the central part of the protruding blade initially contacts the soil and becomes the cutting part, but as the blade progresses, the entire blade gradually comes into contact with the soil. For this reason,
The resistance of the digging blade to the movement by the running wheels becomes large, and therefore there are problems such as not being able to use a small management machine with low horsepower, and also not being able to make the digging blade wider.

In addition, since the entire digging blade swings, the tip of the digging blade acts to be lifted by swinging, which causes -
There was a problem of increasing the layer resistance.

In addition, with the conventional type, if you try to give a large swinging motion to the tip of the digging blade, you will inevitably have to make the crank larger to make the swinging motion, which will increase the vibration and cause the operator to There was also the problem of overcharging caused by vibration.

The present invention has been made based on the above points, and its purpose is to provide an excavator that has low cutting resistance of the excavating blade when traveling by running wheels and can easily excavate even with low horsepower. There is a particular thing.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, an excavator according to the present invention is provided with a running wheel driven on one side of the machine body and a digging blade on the other side. The digging blade has a machine frame extending downward on one or both sides of the machine body, and a blade plate that projects sideways from the machine frame. It is characterized by being configured so that it can be rotated.

(Function) In the excavator of the present invention, a blade plate is attached horizontally to a machine frame extending downward from the machine body, and this blade plate is rotated in the front and rear direction. At the same time, unlike the entire digging blade that is swung back and forth at once, the cutting part moves sequentially from the base of the blade plate to the tip and acts to cut the soil, thus acting on the blade plate. The cutting resistance is small. This makes it possible to dig even with a small, low-horsepower management machine, and it also makes it possible to use a wider digging blade.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 9. The machine body 1 of the excavator is equipped with an engine 3 as a driving source, and is provided with a handle 5 that the worker operates while walking.Furthermore, at the bottom of the machine body 1, there is a pair of running wheels that are rotationally driven by the engine 3. 7.7 is provided, and a digging blade 9 is provided behind the running wheel 7.7.

First, at the rear of the fuselage 1, the frame 11 is extended downward on both sides of the fuselage 1, and the blade plate 13 is provided to protrude horizontally from the frame 11 in a horizontal direction.

The machine frame 11 is rod-shaped, and is divided into upper and lower halves, and the upper support rod is hollow, which is fixed to the fuselage 11, and the lower support rod 17 is nested in the upper support rod 15, and the dry bearing 19 Supports rotation. A blade plate I3 is attached laterally to the lower part of the lower support rod 17, and as the lower support rod 17 rotates, the blade plate 13 is attached so as to be rotatable within a fixed plane.

In the illustrated embodiment, the blade Fi 13 is installed horizontally, but it may be inclined at a certain angle, and the blade plates 13 on both sides are set in a V-shape.
The settings are free, such as arranging them in a straight line.

Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 2, the digging blade 9 is provided with a mechanism between the machine frame 11 and the blade plate 13 for adjusting the position in the vertical direction by a combination of mounting holes.

Next, the drive mechanism of the digging blade 9 will be explained.

First, move the drive arm 21 vertically from above the center line of the fuselage 1.
is extended, and the drive arm 21 connects a point in the middle to the fuselage 1.
It is rotatably supported by a support shaft 23, and connected above it to an output drive shaft 25 pulled out from the middle of the drive system of the engine 3 via a crank attachment 27 and a connecting rod 29. , drive shaft 2
Power is transmitted from 5 to provide a reciprocating rocking motion at a constant angle.

On the other hand, at the lower part of the drive arm 21, a mounting piece 31 is rotatably supported by a pin, and this and the lower support rod 1 of the machine frame 11
A connecting rod 35 made of MC nylon is connected via a bottle between the tip of a swinging arm 33 projecting laterally from the drive arm 7, and the reciprocating swinging motion of the drive arm 21 is converted into a rotational motion of the lower support rod 17. Ru.

As an example, the rotation range adjusting device for the digging blade 9 is constructed by forming the upper end of the drive arm 21 into a tubular shape and screwing a female thread into the surface thereof when connecting the drive arm 21 to the connecting rod 29. It loosely fits onto the connecting rod 29 and screws a tightening nut 37.39 into the female thread on both sides of the tubular portion, thereby defining the position of the drive arm 21. The drive arm 21 relative to the connecting rod 29 is moved on the internal thread.
The range of rotation of the digging blade 9 is adjusted by sliding the mounting position back and forth and rotating the drive arm 21.

A guide roller 43 is provided at the rear end of the body 1 and can be fixed at a desired position with a set screw 41.

Next, the tilling mechanism 45 will be explained.

This tilling mechanism 45 digs down a passage when digging up crops planted on flat land, and allows the digging blade 9 to move underground.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, a reducer box 47 is formed downward from the machine body l on the front surface of the digging blade 9, and the tilling claws 51 are attached to the rotary shaft 49 protruding from there. The tip of the tilling claw 51 is bent inward so as to scrape tilled soil toward the inside of the machine body, and is driven to rotate in the direction in which the excavator moves. In addition, in order to adjust the position according to the position of the rear digging blade 9, the tilling claw 51 is attached to a cylindrical body as shown in FIG. In addition, it can be fixed at any position using a set screw 53.

In addition, a residual groove processing device 55 is provided on the front surface of the reducer box 47.
will be established. In order to treat the front surface of the reducer box 47 that is not tilled, a vertical shaft 57 is pivotally supported on the front surface of the reducer box 47, and a residual tillage treatment plate 59 is provided at the bottom of the shaft 57. A swinging arm 61 protruding from the upper part and a drive arm 21 are connected by a connecting rod 63 via a universal joint to impart rotational motion to the residual tillage processing plate 59.

The operation will be explained based on the above configuration.

First, the excavator drives the engine 3 according to the usual method, transmits its rotation to the running wheels 7, and runs the tilling wheels 45.
It rotates and drives.

On the other hand, the driving force of the engine 3 is transmitted from the drive shaft 25 to the drive arm 21 via the crank attachment 27 and the connecting rod 29, causing the drive arm 21 to swing back and forth in the front-rear direction.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, the movement of the drive arm 21 rotates the lower support rod 17 via the mounting piece 31, the connecting rod 35, and the swinging arm 33, and the blade plate 13 attached to the lower part of the lower support rod 17 rotates. is rotated about the lower support rod 7 as a fulcrum.

When digging crops planted on flat land, as shown in Fig. 6, a tilling wheel 45 is used to till and dig a passage, and here the digging blade 9 is inserted into the ground to a certain depth from the ground surface. The excavation work will be carried out by entering the area.

As shown in FIG. 9, the blade plate 13 moves in the direction a in the figure by the driving force of the running wheels 7 while maintaining a horizontal state and rotates around the machine frame 11 as a fulcrum, and accordingly moves toward the ground. Cut the soil inside.

In this case, when the entire digging blade 109 is oscillated in the front-back direction as in the conventional type shown in FIG. 10, the entire surface of the blade plate contacts the soil at once, resulting in large resistance. In this case, the cutting resistance acting on the blade plate 13 is reduced because the blade plate 13 comes into contact with the blade plate 13 sequentially from the base to the tip side.

Moreover, since the blade plate 13 rotates within a fixed plane, the cutting resistance of the soil is suppressed to a minimum, and cutting is performed smoothly.

Incidentally, in the case of digging up crops planted in the ridges, the same operation can be carried out, except that the tillage 45 does not require any digging work, as shown in FIG. in this case,
The tilling wheels 45 scrape off the sides of the ridges already shown in the figure, collecting soil in soft grooves, reducing the ± of the ridges and making digging easier.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be achieved.

First, since the blade plate is rotated using the machine frame extending downward from the machine body as a fulcrum, the blade plate contacts the soil sequentially from the base to the tip and cuts. resistance becomes smaller. This allows excavation even with low horsepower drive machines.

Further, since the blade plate is rotated within one plane, even if the blade plate is made long, there is no increase in resistance due to lifting of the tip, and a wide area can be excavated.

Furthermore, with the conventional type, if you try to give a large swinging motion to the tip of the digging blade, you will inevitably have to use a larger crank to make the swinging motion, which will increase the vibration and cause problems for the operator. This had the disadvantage of imposing an overcurrent burden due to vibration, but in the case of this embodiment, the rotation range of the tip can be widened without making the crank large, and the occurrence of vibration can be minimized. Can be done.

Furthermore, the problem of the tip of the digging blade moving up and down and coming into contact with the crop and damaging it can be solved by rotating the blade plate.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment,
For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the machine frame 11 attached to the machine body 1
It is also possible to fix the blade plate 13 on the inside and dig out the inside.

Moreover, the digging blade 9 may be provided only in one example of the machine body.

(Effects of the Invention) As detailed above, according to the excavator according to the present invention, by reducing the cutting resistance acting on the excavating blade, it is possible to excavate even with a low horsepower drive machine, and it can be excavated over a wide range of areas. can.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 1O show embodiments of the present invention, with Figure 1 being a perspective view of the excavator, Figure 2 being a side view showing the main parts of the excavator, and Figure 3 being the excavator. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the residue processing device, Fig. 5 is a partially cross-sectional plan view showing the drive mechanism of the excavation blade, and Fig. 6 is the excavator used on flat ground. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the digging machine is used on a ridge, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a working state of the digging blade. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the operating state of the conventional digging blade. 1...Aircraft 3...Engine 7...
Running wheel 9...Drilling blade 11...Machine frame 13...Blade plate

Claims (1)

[Claims] In an excavator that is equipped with a running wheel that is driven on one side of the machine body and a digging blade on the other side, the digging blade is installed on one side or both sides of the machine body, and extends downward from the machine frame. An excavator characterized in that a blade plate is provided to protrude sideways from the machine frame, and the blade plate is configured to be rotated in the front and rear directions with respect to the direction of movement of the excavator.