JPH0220775A - Flexible exhaust tower - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To construct an exhaust tower inexpensively in a short time irrespective of the quality of the ground as well as to make it reusable by forming a cylinder with such a flexible sheet that gas is hard to permeate through, and constituting this cylinder so as to make its upright position keepable. CONSTITUTION:A cylinder is formed with such a flexible sheet that gas is hard to permeate through, and an exhaust outlet 3 smaller in diameter than an inner diameter of the cylinder 1 is installed an upper end 1b, while a lower end 1a is connected to an exhaust source 2,and a wire rod 7 is stretched aslant in an interval between the vicinity of the upper end 1b and a ground surface 6. In addition, a balloon in such form as producing lift in receiving a side wind is attached to the upper end of the cylinder 1 otherwise. Then, the small diametral exhaust outlet 3 is installed in the upper end 2b, and this balloon is connected to this outlet whereby the cylinder 1 keeps its upright position. In this connection, it may be allowed so as to keep the upright position in a way of being formed into a double wall structure consisting of both inner and outer cylinders formed with a hermetically sealed space where high pressure gas is sealed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an exhaust tower that guides smoke, polluted air, etc. discharged from factories and the like into the sky.

(Prior Art) Exhaust gas generated in factories and the like includes smoke that contains carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and the like, as well as trace amounts of chemical substances. Such exhaust air is directed high into the sky,
It is required to diffuse it into the atmosphere. Therefore, exhaust towers such as chimneys are provided to guide such exhaust gas from near the ground surface to the sky.

Such exhaust towers shall have sufficient height. Therefore, countermeasures against earthquakes and crosswinds are required.

Conventionally, such exhaust towers have been considered permanent structures constructed using reinforced concrete, steel plates, or the like.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, many exhaust towers are gigantic, reaching heights of several tens of meters above the ground, and if such exhaust towers were to be constructed from reinforced concrete or steel plates, it would require a huge amount of money. There is a problem in that not only is it expensive and requires a long construction period, but also a great deal of labor is required for foundation work if the ground is soft.

Furthermore, even if an exhaust tower is occasionally needed, it must be constructed through large-scale construction as mentioned above, and when it is no longer needed, it cannot be relocated, so it is simply destroyed. There is no other way.

The present invention was made in view of these problems, and its purpose is to provide an exhaust tower that can be constructed at low cost and in a short period of time, regardless of the quality of the ground, and that can be reused. It is to obtain.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve this object, in the present invention, a cylindrical body is formed of a flexible sheet that is difficult for gas to pass through, and the cylindrical body is held in an upright position. This allows the cylinder to be used as an exhaust tower.

In order to maintain the flexible cylinder in an upright position, a small diameter exhaust outlet may be provided at the upper end of the cylinder, and exhaust gas may be introduced from the lower end of the cylinder. Further, a balloon may be connected to the upper end of the cylinder. In that case, it is desirable that the shape of the balloon be such that lift is generated by crosswinds. Furthermore, even if the cylinder body has a double wall structure consisting of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, a sealed space is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and high pressure gas is sealed in the space, It can be held in an upright cylindrical position.

(Function) By constructing the exhaust tower with a cylinder made of flexible sheets, the exhaust tower becomes extremely lightweight and can be erected even on soft ground. Become.

If the exhaust outlet provided at the upper end of the cylinder is made to have a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the cylinder, when the exhaust rising from the lower end of the cylinder flows out from the exhaust outlet, there will be resistance at the exhaust outlet. As a result, upward pressure is applied from inside the cylindrical body, and the weight of the cylindrical body is supported by this pressure. Therefore, the flexible cylinder assumes an upright position and is held in that position.

Furthermore, if a balloon is connected to the upper end of the cylinder, the cylinder is pulled up by the buoyancy of the balloon and held in an upright position.

In this case, if the balloon is shaped so that it receives crosswinds and generates lift, upward force will be applied to the cylinder not only by the buoyancy but also by the lift. Falling down will be prevented.

Furthermore, if the cylinder has a double wall structure and high pressure gas is sealed in the space between the double walls, the internal pressure will maintain the shape of the cylinder and keep it in an upright position. Become.

(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail using the drawings.

In the drawings, FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a flexible exhaust tower according to the present invention.

As is clear from this figure, the cylindrical body 1 that guides the exhaust air to the sky is formed by gluing both ends of a flexible sheet, such as a rubberized cloth, that is difficult for gas to pass through to form a cylindrical shape. By joining them together, they are constructed as a cylindrical body with a predetermined height. This cylindrical body 1 extends from its lower end 1a to its upper end 1
It has a substantially constant inner diameter up to b, and its lower end 1
a is connected and fixed to the exhaust gas generation source 2. Also,
A top plate 4 having an opening 3 constituting an exhaust outlet is attached to its upper end 1b. The top plate 4 is also formed of a flexible sheet similar to that of the cylindrical body 1. In the illustrated example, the top plate 4 has a horizontal disk shape, but it may also have a conical shape projecting upward or downward.

A blower 5 is provided below the cylinder 1 to accelerate the flow of exhaust gas generated from the exhaust gas source 2 and rising. Furthermore,
A wire rod 7 having a high tensile strength, such as a wire or rope, is diagonally stretched between the upper end 1b of the cylinder 1 and the foundation 6 on the ground.

Next, the operation of the exhaust tower configured in this way will be explained.

The exhaust gas generated in the exhaust gas source 2 is introduced into the cylinder body 1 from the lower end 1a by the blower 5, flows inside the cylinder body 1 from the bottom to the top, and is guided into the sky.

Then, it is discharged into the atmosphere from the opening 3 at the upper end of the cylinder 1.

Now, the internal cross-sectional area of cylinder 1 is 5EN (m2) % opening 3
If the cross-sectional area of is 5Ex (m2), the flow velocity of exhaust gas inside the cylinder l is o (m/5ec), and the flow velocity of exhaust gas at the opening 3 is v (m/5ec), the cylinder body 1 with the top plate 4 as its boundary The pressure difference PA between the inside and outside of is kρ(V”-Vo2
) pA= given by (1). Here, k is a constant determined by the ratio of SEN and SEX, and ρ is the density of air.

Therefore, the top plate 4 has WA=P toward the top.
The force A(S IN S tx) (2) will act, and the cylinder 1 will be lifted upward by the force W^.

For example, the cylinder 1 is made of a material with a specific gravity of 1.4 and a thickness of 0.1 mm, has a diameter of 2 m, and a height of 0.00 m.
m, the weight of the cylindrical body 1 is approximately 88 kg. On the other hand, the cross-sectional area S of the opening 3 is defined as the cross-sectional area SE of the cylinder 1.
If it is set to 1/4 of
When is lom/sec, the flow velocity V at the opening 3 is 4
It becomes 0m/sec. Therefore, from equation (1), the pressure difference PA acting on the top plate 4 is determined to be 40 kg/m'',
Substituting this into equation (2), the value of force WA is 94k
g is obtained.

From this calculation result, if the cross-sectional area of the opening 3, that is, the exhaust outlet, is set appropriately, the weight of the cylinder l will be sufficiently supported by the pressure generated within the cylinder 1, and the cylinder body
It can be seen that it is held in an upright position.

The pressure inside the cylinder 1 prevents the cross-sectional shape of the cylinder 1 from deforming when it receives a crosswind, and the wire rod 7 stretched between the upper end 1b of the cylinder 1 and the foundation 6
The cylindrical body 1 is prevented from falling down due to cross winds.

Note that if the flow velocity of the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas generation source 2 reaches a sufficient value, the blower 5 is not necessarily necessary, and the rigidity of the cylinder body 1 is sufficiently high due to the pressure inside the cylinder body 1. It will be clear that if retained, the wire 7 is also not absolutely necessary. However, if the pressure inside the cylindrical body 1 is excessively increased, a large tensile force will be applied to the lower end 1a of the cylindrical body 1, so it is desirable to suppress the pressure to an appropriate level.

Figure 2.3 shows a second embodiment of a flexible exhaust tower according to the invention.

As is clear from FIG. 2, the cylinder 1 in this embodiment
1 is similar to the cylinder 1 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and its lower end 11a is connected and fixed to an exhaust gas source 12. However, the upper end 11b is open without providing a top plate, and the upper end opening 13 forms an exhaust outlet.

A balloon 15 is connected to the upper end 11b of the cylindrical body 11 via a plurality of wires 14. the balloon 1
5 is a bag made of a flexible sheet filled with hydrogen or helium, the cross section of which is shaped like an airfoil as a whole, and the balloon 15 is always directly facing upwind at its tail. A direction stabilizing plate 16 is attached to allow the movement of the vehicle. Further, the airfoil-shaped balloon 15 is given a predetermined angle of attack with respect to the horizontal plane so that lift is generated when it receives a crosswind.

In the exhaust tower configured in this manner, the cylinder body 1 is pulled up by the buoyancy of the balloon 15. For example, when the inside of the balloon 15 is filled with hydrogen or helium, a buoyancy of about 1 kg can be obtained per 1 m' of volume of the balloon 15. Therefore, the volume of the balloon 15 is VB, and its weight is m8
Then, the weight Wp (kg) that can be supported by the balloon 15 is WF = I X VB me (
3).

Here, assuming that ms "V19/2, the volume v6 of the balloon 15 required to support the 88 kg cylinder 11 is a highly realistic value of 176 m3. That is,
The relatively small balloon 15 can hold the cylindrical body 11 upright with a height of 100 m.

When the balloon 15 is hit by a crosswind, the balloon 15 always faces upwind due to the action of the directional stabilizing plate 16 and generates lift. now,
As shown in Fig. 3, the wind speed Vw (m/s
ec ), the lift force F LIS (kg) generated on the balloon 15 by the crosswind is
The projected area is SB (m2), and the air resistance coefficient Cda is
, when the lift-drag ratio is γ, ρSB Cd B γV w FL8=
(4) How is it expressed? In addition, the drag force FDPl of the balloon 15 (
kg) is ρSB CdI, Vw” FD3=
(5) cannot be given.

On the other hand, the drag force Fw(k
g) is the air resistance coefficient of the cylindrical body 11 as Cds, and the lateral area as S.
If W (m2), 03w Cds Vy”, si
no, (6)■? w: So! j, λ is given. Here, θ is the angle formed between the cylindrical body 11 tilted by the crosswind and the horizontal plane.

These forces F+, a, FoB, and Fw act on the cylinder 11 as external forces as shown in FIG. 3. Therefore, from the balance of forces around the lower end 11a of the cylindrical body 11, the following can be determined.

In this equation (7), θ5 is 45° Cd s is 0
．． 5. If CdB is 0.3, the value of S, (γ-1) is 117 m''. Therefore, if S is, for example, 20 m2, γ2 is 6.85, which is a highly realistic value. Obtainable.

In other words, when there is a crosswind, the balloon 15 is attached to the cylinder]1.
Since the buoyant force and lifting force of cylindrical body 11 come to act on it, the inclination of the cylinder body 11 is suppressed and it is maintained in an upright position.

FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of a flexible exhaust tower according to the present invention.

In this embodiment, the cylinder 21 has the inner cylinder 2 ], c
It has a double wall structure consisting of an outer cylinder 21d and an outer cylinder 21d. Both the inner cylinder 21c and the outer cylinder 21d are formed of flexible sheets. In addition, the inner cylinder 21c and the outer cylinder 2
The lower end 21a and upper end 21b of 1d are sealed with a similar flexible sheet, and a sealed space 24 is formed therebetween. Then, within the space 24, a valve 25 is installed.
It is filled with high pressure gas and sealed. Inner cylinder 21
The lower end opening of c is connected to the exhaust generation source 22, and the upper end opening 2
3 is the exhaust outlet.

In the exhaust tower configured in this manner, the shape of the cylindrical body 21 is maintained by the pressure within the space 24 between the double walls.

Now, the diameter, height, and material of the cylindrical body 21 are set according to the first and second
Assuming that it is the same as that of the example, the weight of the cylinder 21 is:
Due to its double wall structure, it weighs about twice as much, at 176kg. By the way, a pressure difference of 1 atm exerts a force of about 1 kg per 1 cm2, so the difference between the pressure inside the space 24 of the cylinder body 21 and the atmospheric pressure (gauge pressure) is defined as PP (atmospheric pressure), and the inner cylinder IC and the outer cylinder The cross-sectional area of the tube 1d is expressed as Sl (cm2), S, (
cm2), then the pressure difference P.

The weight Wp (kg) that can be supported by W
p = Pp (So Sl) (8
).

Therefore, in equation (8), if Pp is 0.1 atm, the difference in cross-sectional area SoS+ between the outer cylinder 1d and the inner cylinder 1c required to support the 176 kg cylinder 21 is 1760 cm.
2, and the distance between the inner cylinder 1c and the outer cylinder ld is only 2.8
cm would be fine.

That is, the pressure in the space 24 between the inner cylinder IC and the outer cylinder 1d acts on the upper and lower ends of the space 24, so that the cylinder body 21 is held in an upright position. , deformation of the cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical body 21 due to cross winds is prevented.

In this embodiment, if hydrogen or helium is used as the gas sealed in the space 24, the force for holding the cylindrical body 21 upright can be further increased.

Although three embodiments have been described above, in reality, a plurality of them are used in combination.

The cylindrical bodies 1, 11, 2.1 are not limited to cylinders, but may also be rectangular cylinders or the like. Furthermore, in the above embodiments,
Although the entire cylinder body 1, 11, 21 is made of a flexible sheet, it is also possible to partially use a rigid material.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the main body of the exhaust tower is formed as a cylinder made of a lightweight and inexpensive flexible sheet, and the inside of the cylinder is The structure is simple and it is easy to build a large exhaust tower because it is held in an upright position by the pressure of the flowing exhaust gas, the buoyancy of the balloon connected to its top, or the pressure of the gas sealed within its wall. Not only is it possible to form an exhaust tower, there are no restrictions on the quality of the ground on which it is installed, and moreover, it becomes possible to construct an exhaust tower at low cost and in a short time.

Furthermore, this exhaust tower can be easily removed when it is no longer needed, and since the removed exhaust tower can be folded, transported and stored, it can also be reused elsewhere. This exhaust tower is therefore particularly suitable for use for temporary purposes.

In addition, as in the above-mentioned embodiment, by making the balloon used to lift the exhaust tower into a shape that generates lifting force due to crosswinds, or by diagonally installing a tension wire between the vicinity of the upper end of the exhaust tower and the ground, Safety against strong winds can also be ensured.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a flexible exhaust tower according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a second example of a flexible exhaust tower according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a third embodiment of the exhaust tower according to the present invention. 1... Cylindrical body 1a... Lower end 1b... Upper end 2... Exhaust source 3... Opening (exhaust outlet) 6... Foundation (ground surface) 7... Wire rod 1... Tube Body 11a...lower end 11b...upper end 2...
Exhaust source 3...Opening (exhaust outlet) 15...Balloon 6.
...Direction stabilizing plate 1...Cylinder body 21a...Lower end 21b...Upper end IC...Inner cylinder 21d...Outer cylinder 2...Exhaust source 3...Opening (exhaust outlet) 24 ...Spatial patent applicant Nobuo Nagaegami, National Institute of Environmental Pollution

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) An exhaust outlet with a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder is provided at the upper end of a cylinder formed of a flexible sheet that is difficult for gas to pass through, and the lower end of the cylinder is connected to an exhaust source. , flexible exhaust tower. (2) A flexible exhaust tower in which a balloon is connected to the upper end of a cylindrical body formed of a flexible sheet that is difficult for gas to pass through, and the lower end of the cylindrical body is connected to an exhaust source. (3) The flexible exhaust tower according to claim 2, wherein the balloon has a shape that generates lift by receiving a crosswind. (4) A cylinder with a double wall structure consisting of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder is formed using a flexible sheet that is difficult for gas to pass through, and the upper and lower ends of the space formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are A flexible exhaust tower, each of which is hermetically sealed, high-pressure gas is sealed in the space, and the lower end of the inner cylinder is connected to an exhaust source. (5) The exhaust tower according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a wire rod with high tensile strength is diagonally stretched between the vicinity of the upper end of the cylinder and the ground surface.