JPH02209140A - Denture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To fix a denture, in an attachable and detachable state without cutting an existent tooth by fitting the denture to the adjacent right and left existent teeth, fixing and maintaining the denture by a press-contacting body for fixing protruded from the inside of the denture to the side surface of the adjacent existent tooth. CONSTITUTION:A denture 1 is composed of an artificial tooth 2 and a dental plate 3 and the artificial tooth 2 is equipped with recessed parts 4 and 4, to which the side surfaces of existent teeth 71 and 72 to be adjacent are fitted. Further, extended parts 5 and 5 to the sides of the existent teeth 71 and 72 are provided in the upper side surface of both ends. A base part 2a of the artificial tooth 2 and the dental plate 3 are molded in one body and the dental plate is formed so that force to be applied to the denture 1 can be distributed, averaged and applied to a mucous membrance covering alveolar. The denture 1 is fitted with matching the recessed parts 4 and 4 to the side surfaces of the right and left existent teeth 72 and 71 and the dental plate 3 is abutted to the mucous membrance. Then, a drive screw shaft 7a is turned by a driver and screw gear shafts 3a and 3b are pressed to the side surfaces of the adjacent existent teeth. Then, the denture is positioned and fixed. When the denture is detached, it can be easily detached by executing reverse operation.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a prosthetic tooth for prosthetizing a defective part in the south.

PRIOR ART For example, as shown in Fig. fjrJ8, if there are only a few missing teeth and there are healthy surviving teeth on both sides of the missing part 81, first, the surviving teeth on both sides are used as abutment teeth. The tooth substance is scraped and shaped into a bridge pier shape. Such an abutment tooth 82.
A denture 80 is made of metal or other materials according to the shape of the tooth 83, and includes parts 80a and 80b to be fitted to the left and right abutment teeth 82, 83, and a bridge body 80c to be located in the defective part 81. do. Then, the prosthesis is completed by fitting the denture 80 onto the abutment teeth 82 and 83 via a filling adhesive.

A bridge (bridge denture) that receives such biting force with the left and right abutment teeth is used in cases where one to several teeth are missing. Another type of denture for cases where vital teeth remain is a partial denture.

This involves implanting artificial teeth into a denture base that comes into contact with the mucous membrane and dispersing the force applied to the teeth, and a hook protruding from the end that engages with the remaining teeth to keep the denture fixed. It is structured as follows.

Bridges are made by removing tooth structure from healthy abutment teeth,
The problem is that sometimes the damage can reach the pulp of the tooth, and in the case of partial dentures, it is difficult to maintain the denture in place, and a high level of experience and skill is required depending on the condition. there were. In particular, dentures for one or more teeth missing, such as a tooth defect, often have an appendix that cannot be removed by the user after being fitted by a doctor, making it difficult to maintain the dentures and keep them clean during the day. was there.

Structure of the invention The present invention has been made in response to such circumstances.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a denture that can be fixed in a removable state at the user's discretion without cutting down the remaining teeth.

The gist of the present invention is that a denture is formed from a single piece or a pair of split pieces that become canine teeth by fitting and locking together, and when the denture is attached, the remaining teeth adjacent to the denture It has a recess on the side adjacent to the living tooth for the side to fit into,
Providing an overhang that protrudes from the upper part of this proximal side toward the side of the adjacent viable teeth, or providing a denture base part that comes into contact with the tooth defect and the surrounding mucous membrane at the denture root, or
It is equipped with both an eruption part and a denture base part, and is attached and fixed by a pair of splitting pieces in a state where the remaining teeth are pressed and engaged from the left and right sides, or a guide hole is drilled in the recessed part on both sides of the denture. In this denture, there is provided a denture fixing pressure body which protrudes toward the south side of the living tooth and engages and presses against the living tooth to maintain the denture fixed. . Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given based on an example with reference to the drawings.

fjSi~3 FIG. 3 shows a tooth 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the denture 1 consists of an artificial tooth 2 and a denture base 3. The artificial tooth 2 and the denture base 3 may be integrally molded from the same material, or may be made of two different materials, such as a resin tooth and a metal base. The artificial tooth 2 has living teeth 71 and 72 to be adjacent to it.
The side surface of the artificial tooth 2 has a vertical recess 4.4 for insertion.
Further, an overhang portion 5.5 is provided at the upper part of the both end side surfaces toward the surviving tooth 71.72 side. The base 2a of the artificial tooth 2 and the existing tooth base 3 are integrally molded, and the denture base distributes and averages the force applied to the denture 1 according to the shape of the missing tooth and its surroundings. It is formed to join the mucous membrane covering the dental bone. Overhang 5.5
The final shape is decided by the practitioner by cutting as appropriate, taking into consideration the occlusal alignment, but only a small amount of tension should be placed on the upper part of the adjacent surviving teeth as long as it does not interfere with the occlusal alignment. In the artificial tooth 2, it is desirable to have a shape that extends, in the left and right direction,
A pair of guide holes 6a, 6b are formed at different heights, and one end of the guide holes 6a, 6b is located at the above-mentioned point, respectively. ! i4.
It opens at 4. The guide holes 6a, 6b communicate with each other at the intersection with a drive screw storage hole 7, which passes through the two guide holes in a direction crossing at right angles. In the guide holes 6a and 6b having such a structure, threaded gear shafts 8a and 8b, which serve as pressure-welding bodies for fixing long teeth, are housed, respectively, with the twisting direction of the teeth reversed. , 8b, a drive screw shaft 7a consisting of a screw gear shaft that meshes with the shafts 8b,
It is rotatably housed in the drive screw housing hole 7.

There is a small diameter $7b at one end of the drive screw pongee 7a, and by being rotatably locked in the innermost part of the storage hole 7, the drive screw pongee 7a can be rotated left and right in a fixed position. The other end of the drive screw has a driver fitting groove 7c, and this other end is covered with a removable plug 9 so that the plug and the surface of the artificial tooth 2 are flush with each other. It has become. Screw gear shaft 8a, 8
The protruding end of b into the recess 4.4 has a screw gear shaft 8a,
It is preferable to provide a rotatable press element 8c made of a material such as rubber or plastic with respect to the press element 8b.

The denture 1 having such a structure has left and right living teeth 71.
Align the concave portion 4.4 with the side surface of the denture 72 and slide the denture base 3 into contact with the mucous membrane. Then, use a screwdriver to turn the drive screw shaft 7a to tighten the screw gear shaft as a press-fitting body for fixing the denture. 8a and 8b are pressed against the adjacent viable *a surface to fix the position. When removing the denture, the denture can be easily removed by performing the reverse operation to the above. The plug 9 is used when the end of the drive screw shaft 7a is unsightly in appearance, and is not necessarily essential.

12-13 show another embodiment of the present invention, ! !
! 100Ji, 11th contact surviving tooth 101.102
It is composed of splitter pieces 103 and 104 that fit together in the defective part in the direction of sandwiching the row of teeth from both left and right sides, and the holes are drilled from one splitter piece 104 side to the middle of the other splitter piece 103. Insert the screw 10 as a connecting tool into the screw hole 106.
By screwing and tightening 5, the surviving tooth 101.1
The recesses and protrusions 1 formed by the splitter pieces that are integrally fixed on the sides of 02
By abutting 08, it is fixed between the surviving teeth. 1
09 is a lid body. In this case, unlike the embodiment described above, there is an advantage that even if the left and right living teeth are wide at the top and thin at the roots, no gap will be created between the left and right living teeth and the denture. The connection of the splitter pieces may be made by using splitter pieces 113 and 114 in which the abutting surfaces [12] are made up of permanent magnet pieces 110 and 111, as shown in Fig. Pt514. In this case, it can be turned on and off like a magnetic switch and can be attached and detached freely, and health benefits due to magnetic lines of force can also be expected.

Accurate positioning can be achieved by appropriately providing a dowel on the negative side and a dowel hole on the other side of the abutting surface. Furthermore, by appropriately interposing a backing material, the strength of tightening with a threaded rod can be adjusted. FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the invention.

It is exactly the same as the previous embodiment in that it has a recess 14.14 and a protrusion 15.15. The difference is that the guide hole 11.
A rod-shaped denture fixing press member 16 and 17 is housed in the guide hole 11 so as to be slidable and airtight in the guide hole 12.
12 are in communication with each other via an air chamber 13 provided near the center of the artificial tooth 10, this air chamber 13 is connected to the outside of the artificial tooth 10 via a check valve, and There are four points: the overhanging part receives the biting force without providing a denture base. The structure of the check valve is, for example, v! ! An air injection hole 21 is provided in the passage 19 that communicates the air chamber 13 with the outside of the artificial tooth 10.
It is conceivable to hinge a set screw 18 having a diameter of 1.5 mm, and a valve body 20 that can open the air injection hole 21 only from the air chamber 13111 to face the air injection hole 21 from the inside.

22 is a valve stopper that crosses the passage 19. When operating the fixing press member 16.17 of this denture, remove the stopper 23 and inject pressurized air from the air injection hole 21. Press down to secure the denture. This type of denture, which does not have a denture base and receives chewing force only from the overhanging part, is convenient for use as an immediate denture, which is temporarily attached to a defective area with damaged mucous membrane immediately after tooth extraction. . When removing the denture, simply push in the valve body with a needle to remove the air.

A known check valve mechanism can be used.

In the above two embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, the case where there is one missing tooth was explained, but the same applies even when there are two or more missing teeth. 8 driving forces in the teeth! The mechanisms and functions are exactly the same, only that they are stored separately with the dryer.

Similarly, several remaining viable teeth 31 as shown in FIG.
．． When fixing the denture 30 to the remaining teeth 31 and 32,
Recesses into which viable teeth can be inserted are provided on adjacent side surfaces 33a, 33b, 34a, and 34b of artificial teeth 31a, 31b, 32a, and 32b adjacent to the artificial teeth, and a rod-shaped rod is inserted from the side of the artificial teeth that sandwich the surviving teeth. Fixing pressure contact bodies 35a, 35b, 3
It is also possible to fix the denture 30 by making the 6 protrude.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a hollow part 41 is provided in the denture main body 40, and a drive screw shaft 43 is rotatable in the denture main body while crossing the hollow part. It is buried.

An elastic ring 42 is also accommodated in the hollow portion 41, and the drive threaded ring 43 passes through the elastic ring 42 in the diametrical direction. This penetration part 44.44 is formed with internal thread parts in mutually opposite directions, and the drive screw thread 43 is connected to this part.
Male thread portions 45 and 45 in opposite directions are screwed together, respectively.

The base of a pressing rod 46.47 as a pressing member is in contact with the circumferential surface of the elastic ring 42 sandwiching the drive screw shaft 43, and the other end of the rod 46.47 is connected between the denture main body and the adjacent living space. The guide holes 48 and 49 provided on the proximal surface side are allowed to protrude toward the viable tooth side while maintaining fluid tightness.

In this case, when the driving screw shaft is rotated with a driver or the like, the elastic ring 42 expands and contracts in diameter along the screw shaft, and a pressing force is transmitted to the pressing rods 46 and 47. 50 is a plug;
51 is a denture base portion.

Fig. fjS10 shows still another embodiment of the present invention, in which a drive screw shaft 62 similar to the drive screw shaft 43 shown in FIG. It is supported and buried so that it can rotate freely. Near the four corners of the side surface of the denture main body 60, there are guide holes 63% to d, which are continuous with the hollow part and are formed of a barb.

Thread rings 64a and 65a are screwed into the reverse threaded portions 62a and 62b of the drive screw shaft 43, respectively, and from the rings 64a and 65a toward the left and right adjacent surviving teeth,
Pressing spring pieces 64, 64, 65, 65 as pressing bodies extend into wing shapes and pass through the guide holes 63a-d,
It is provided so as to be able to pinch the adjacent surviving teeth 91 and 92. By rotating the driving screw shaft 62 with a driver, the screw rings 64a and 65a move toward and away from each other along the shaft 62, and accordingly, the pressing spring pieces 64 and 65 move as follows. It is displaced using the guide hole 63a=d as a fulcrum to move away from or approach the living tooth and come into pressure contact with it.

Therefore, the denture user attaches the presser spring pieces 64,65 with a wider interval between them, and turns the drive screw pongee 62 to press and fix the springs 64,65 against the surviving teeth. 67 is a denture base, 68 is a plug for opening the driving screw shaft head, and 69 is a sealing material such as silicone rubber.

Of course, the presser spring piece does not have to be wing-shaped as described above, and if the surviving tooth is only on one side, the presser spring piece is provided only on the negative side.

Also, as shown in Figure 10-a, a presser spring piece 6 is attached to one side of the denture.
4', 64'' may have a tongue-like protruding edge 4'4' on the other side.

Fig. fjS11 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which presser spring pieces 54 and 55 as press-contact bodies are provided in the denture main body 53.
By having one end of the retainer spring piece 54, 55 implanted and firmly supported, the retainer spring piece 54, 55 is extended so as to be able to clamp the adjacent living teeth. A large number of microspheres 56, 56, . . . are rotatably embedded in the contact surface of the presser spring piece with the side surface of the living tooth, with some of the microspheres protruding from the presser spring piece. A cylindrical micro roll may be used instead of the micro sphere. The presser spring pieces 54, 55 are intended to hold the denture fixed by pressing against the remaining tooth with a predetermined spring pressure. The microspheres are used to reduce the frictional force between the presser spring pieces 54 and 55 and the surviving teeth when attaching and detaching the denture, thereby facilitating fabrication. The width and spring pressure of the presser spring pieces 54 and 55 are adjusted as appropriate depending on whether the remaining teeth are on one side or on both sides.

FIG. 15 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a pressure screw pongee 122 is housed in the center of a cylindrical hollow part 121 provided in a denture 120, and is concentrically threaded onto this shaft 122. The mating movable pressure ring 123 is an expandable doughnut-shaped pressurization ring containing gas or liquid g! By applying pressure to 124, the pressing tools 125 and 125 are pressed from the side of the denture toward the adjacent viable teeth. 126
is the lid body.

Effects Conventionally, when attaching ai-minami to a missing tooth or several teeth, there was a drawback that the remaining healthy teeth on both sides had to be cut and used as abutment teeth to form abutments. The present I denture avoids the above-mentioned drawbacks by fitting into the adjacent left and right dentures and maintaining the denture fixed by a fixing pressure member that protrudes from inside the denture to the side surface of the adjacent surviving teeth.
Moreover, unlike Prifun, it can be put on and taken off freely, making it easy and thorough to care for the adjacent surviving teeth and the gums that support them. In addition, it cannot be ignored that the treatment can be performed with peace of mind, as it does not involve the fear or discomfort of having teeth scraped, unlike traditional treatments.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A. FIG. 3 is a [3-B1 plane view of the tlS2 diagram. Fig. ff54 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the tip structure of the denture fixing rod of the present application. fjS5 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. Figure ff56 is a sectional view taken along line C-C in Figure 15. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the prior art. Figures 9 to 11 and Figure 10-a are sectional views showing essential parts of other embodiments of the present invention, respectively. FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a further embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG. 12, and FIGS. 14 and 15 are sectional views showing other embodiments of the present application.

Claims (12)

[Claims] (1) A denture that is characterized by being able to be freely attached and detached by the denture wearer by a press-contact member that can be engaged and detached from adjacent living teeth. (2) Consisting of a pair of splitter pieces that form a denture by fitting their abutting surfaces together, and a connector that connects and integrates both splitter pieces, the abutting surfaces are fitted in the direction sandwiching the tooth row. Together,
A denture that is integrally fixed with the connector. (3) The denture according to claim 2, wherein the connector is a screw member that is screwed into a female thread provided on the splitter piece. (4) The denture according to claim 2, wherein the connector is a permanent magnet provided integrally with the splitter piece on the abutting surface. (5) A guide hole is drilled in the side surface that should be adjacent to the living tooth, and one or more pressing bodies can press the adjacent living tooth while maintaining air and liquid tightness and sliding freely in the guide hole. A denture that is housed in a (6) The part of the pressing body made of a plurality of elastic pieces loosely inserted and held in the guide hole opening on the side of the denture, which protrudes outside the denture,
A denture that is removably attached and fixed by holding adjacent living teeth using the opening of the guide hole as a fulcrum. (7) A micro-rolling element is rotatably embedded and held in part in the press-contact surface of the press-contact body consisting of an elastic piece protruding from the side surface of the denture that engages with the adjacent surviving teeth, and is held by the elasticity of the press-contact body. A denture that is removably engaged and fixed to the adjacent surviving teeth. (8) A recess into which the side surface of the living tooth to be adjacent is inserted is provided on the side surface adjacent to the living tooth, and the upper part of the adjacent side surface has a projecting portion that protrudes toward the side of the living tooth to be adjacent. is provided in the guide hole bored in the concave portion of the adjacent side surface,
A denture in which a denture fixing rod is housed so as to be able to press against the side surface of the adjacent surviving teeth. (9) The denture has a recess on the side surface adjacent to the living tooth into which the side surface of the living tooth should fit, and the root of the denture has a denture base part that should come into contact with the missing tooth and its surroundings. A denture comprising: a denture fixing rod housed in a guide hole bored in a concave portion of the adjacent side surface so as to be able to press a side surface of a living tooth to be adjacent to the denture. (10) A penetration part through which a living tooth should pass is provided in the floor part that holds the root part of the denture, and a guide hole is provided on the opposite side of the denture implanted in the floor part with the penetration part in between. The denture is provided with a denture fixing rod in the guide hole so as to be able to squeeze the living tooth that should protrude from the penetration part. (11) A denture fixing rod is engaged with one end of a threaded gear shaft provided in a straight line with the rod within the denture, and a drive that meshes with the threaded gear shaft in an intersecting state within the denture. The denture according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the denture is housed in the guide hole so as to be reciprocally movable by rotating the screw gear shaft in forward and reverse directions. (12) The denture fixing rod is slidably fitted into the guide hole in an airtight manner, and the air passage communicating with the guide hole is closed via a check valve on the surface or back of the denture. The denture according to any one of claims 8 to 10, comprising: