JPH02209525A - Pressurizing/decompressing device for works under compressed atmosphere - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make inspiration accurate by incorporating a pressurizing and a decompressing program, and allowing an indicator device installed in a manlock to automatically display fitting/separation of a mixture gas inspiration mask or a high oxygen partial gas inspiration mask. CONSTITUTION:A memory device 2, input device 3, timer circuit 22, pressure indicator circuit 23, and timing specifying circuit 24 are installed in a calculation processing circuit 1 of a computer 17. A pressurizing program, decompressing program, and emergency decompressing program are stored in this memory device 2. In case pressurization or decompression is made in a pressurizing/ decompressing manlock 5, an indicator device 14 displays the specified intra- manlock pressure and fitting and separation of a mixture gas inspiration mask or a high oxygen partial gas inspiration mask when the specified time has come up according to the specified program. Accordingly inspiration of mixture gas and of high oxygen partial pressure gas can be performed easily and accurately.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a pressurization and depressurization device for pressurized air work used in a pressurized air submerged box construction method or a pressurized air shield construction method.

[Conventional technology]

Diving deep into the ocean while breathing compressed air can cause a variety of problems for humans, including nitrogen sickness and oxygen poisoning. To prevent this, we use helium/oxygen mixed gas or neon/oxygen mixed gas as breathing gas.

It is well known that binary gases such as hydrogen/oxygen mixed gas, or ternary gases such as helium/hydrogen/oxygen mixed gas or helium/nitrogen/oxygen mixed gas are used; The same applies to the construction method of pneumatic submersibles and pneumatic caissons.

Here, we will discuss how to determine the composition of the breathing gas mixture. First of all, oxygen is essential for humans; too little can lead to oxygen deficiency, and too much can lead to oxygen poisoning. A suitable partial pressure of oxygen is a minimum of 0.18 kg/c4, with a maximum value depending on the time of exposure to that partial pressure of oxygen.

According to the U.S. Navy's diving manual, for example, the oxygen partial pressure is 1. When the oxygen partial pressure is O$cg/cd, the safe exposure time is 240 minutes, and when the oxygen partial pressure is 1.6 kg/cd, the safe exposure time is 30 minutes (see Table 1).

Therefore, the pressure P that you plan to work with. From this and the time, the oxygen partial pressure that does not cause oxygen poisoning is determined.

Subsequently, the partial pressure PIN of a physiologically inert gas such as helium, hydrogen or neon is PIN-P w-P at
It is determined as Further, the PIN is determined separately for the case where a physiological inert gas is used alone and the case where a combination of multiple types of physiological inert gases is used.

When using a mixed gas other than air as the breathing gas in the pressurized submerged box method, it is extremely uneconomical to fill the work room or manlock for pressurization and decompression with the same gas as the breathing mixed gas. be. Therefore, in 8194-1987,
As published in Publication No. 8, it is advisable for the worker to breathe the gas mixture using a breathing mask, leaving the environmental gas as air.

In addition, while keeping the environmental gas as air, breathing the mixed gas using a breathing mask during pressurization and pressure work, and breathing high oxygen partial pressure gas using a breathing mask during decompression to shorten the decompression time. It is also possible to use it in combination with pressurization and holding pressure in this case.

An example of depressurization and breathing gas switching is as follows.

(1) The worker enters the manlock.

(2) Start pressurizing the manlock without the worker wearing a breathing mask.

(3) When the pressure inside the manlock rises to a certain value, the pressurization inside the manlock is interrupted for - hours, and then the worker puts on a breathing mask and starts breathing the mixed gas.

(4) Continue pressurizing the inside of the manlock until it reaches the specified pressure.

(5) After pressurizing the inside of the manlock to a predetermined pressure, the worker descends into the work chamber of the pressure envelope and performs in-plane work while breathing the mixed gas.

(6) Workers return to Manrock after completing in-plane work.

(7) Start reducing the pressure inside the manlock, and when the pressure is reduced to the desired level, the worker removes the breathing mask.

(8) When the pressure inside the manlock is further reduced to the pressure inside the manlock (for example, about 1.5 kg/d), the worker must wear a breathing mask (the mask used for breathing the mixed gas). (same or different) to perform high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing.

(9,) If you continue breathing high oxygen partial pressure gas for a long time,
Due to the risk of oxygen poisoning, the worker must remove the breathing mask midway through the process and breathe in the environmental gas (air). This is called an air break.

OI Complete depressurization in the manlock while alternating between high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing and air breaks.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The operations of (1) to Gω above, that is, "pressurization and depressurization operations"
It is conceivable that all of the instructions, ``instructing the worker to put on and take off the mixed gas breathing mask'' and ``instructing the worker to put on and take off the high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask'', would be performed by an operator on the ground. This operation is extremely complicated, and if it is performed incorrectly, it directly threatens the health and life of the worker, placing a great burden on the operator.

When pressurizing and depressurizing inside the manlock, this invention provides an instruction device installed in the manlock to give instructions for putting on and taking off a mixed gas breathing mask, as well as giving instructions for putting on and taking off a high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask. instructions are automatically performed at a predetermined pressure inside the manlock and at a predetermined time, and the breathing of the mixed gas and the breathing of high oxygen partial pressure gas are performed accurately at the predetermined time and the predetermined pressure inside the manlock. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pressurization and depressurization device for pressurized air work that can be carried out.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, in the pressurizing and depressurizing device for pressurized air work of the present invention, a memory bag W12 storing a pressurizing program and a depressurizing program and an input device 3 are connected to the arithmetic processing circuit 1. The compressed air pipe 6 connecting the compressor 4 and the pressurization/decompression manlock 5 is connected to an electromagnetic on-off valve 1 which is opened and closed by the signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 and a D/A by the signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1. A regulating valve v2 whose opening degree is adjusted via a converter 7 is provided, and the mixed gas pipe 10 connecting the mixed gas supply source 8 and the mixed gas breathing mask 9 in the manlock 5 is connected to the A high oxygen partial pressure gas pipe is provided with an electromagnetic on-off valve v3 that is opened and closed by a signal from the processing circuit 1, and connects the high oxygen partial pressure gas supply SZ and the high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask 12 in the manlock 5. Road 1
3 is provided with an electromagnetic on-off valve v4 which is opened and closed by the signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1, and within the manlock 5 is an instruction device 14 which instructs the putting on and taking off of the respiratory mask by the signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1; Pressure transducer 15 connected to processing circuit l. A pressurization start switch S1 and a depressurization start switch S2 are provided, and the manlock 5 for pressurization and depressurization includes
An exhaust valve v5 controlled by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via a D/A converter 16 is connected.

Further, a storage device 2 storing a pressurization program and a pressure reduction program and an input device 3 are connected to the arithmetic processing circuit l, and a compressed air pipe line 6 connects the air compressor 4 and the pressure reduction manlock 5. , an electromagnetic on-off valve v1 which is opened and closed by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1, and a regulating valve v2 whose opening degree is adjusted via a D/A converter 7 by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 are provided. A mixed gas inlet pipe 10 that connects the supply source 8 and the mixed gas breathing mask 9 in the man lock 5 is provided with an electromagnetic on-off valve 3 which is opened and closed by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1. Pressure gas supply source 11
and a high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask 1 inside the Manlock 5.
An electromagnetic on-off valve (4) which is opened and closed by the signal from the arithmetic processing circuit (1) is provided in the high oxygen partial pressure gas pipe (13) connecting the two. An instruction device 14 for instructing to put on and take off the mask, and a pressure transducer 15 connected to the calculation processing circuit 1 are provided.
Pressurization start switch S1 and depressurization start switch S2
is provided in a switch operating section other than inside the manlock 5, and an exhaust valve v5 is connected to the manlock 5, which is controlled via a D/A converter 16 by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1. In the lock 5 and the switch operation part,
The above object can also be achieved by providing a communication device for communicating with each other.

[For production]

In the case of pressurization, when the worker pressurizes the manlock 5 while breathing environmental gas (air), when the pressure reaches a predetermined intermediate pressure, the indicating device 14 inside the manlock 5 will indicate,
The words, marks, etc. “Wear a mixed gas breathing mask” are automatically instructed (displayed), or the instruction device 14
``Wear a mixed gas breathing mask'' will be instructed by voice. Workers inside Manlock 5 are wearing mixed gas breathing masks 9
While wearing it and breathing the mixed gas, the inside of the manlock is pressurized.

In addition, in the case of depressurization, when the worker inside Manlock 5 depressurizes while breathing the mixed gas, when the pressure is reduced to a predetermined intermediate pressure, the instruction device 14 inside Manlock 5 will tell you to "remove the mask". The characters, marks, etc. are automatically instructed (displayed), or the instruction device 14 provides an audio instruction to "remove the mask."

A worker inside Manlock 5 took off his mask and released environmental gas (
When the pressure is reduced to a predetermined level, the pressure is reduced while breathing (air), and when the pressure is reduced to a predetermined level, the pressure reduction is interrupted and the message ``Wear a mask for breathing high oxygen partial pressure gas'' appears on the indicator 14 inside the Manlock 5. or mark and the words or mark "remove the mask" are alternately instructed (displayed) at intervals of time, or the instruction device 14 gives an audio instruction to "wear a mask for breathing high oxygen partial pressure gas". and an instruction to "remove the mask" are given alternately at intervals of time.

The worker inside the Manlock 5 is instructed by the instruction device 14 to display the text or mark “Wear a high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask,” or when the instruction device 14 gives an audible instruction, the worker must Wearing the oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask 12,
Breathe high oxygen partial pressure gas, and put "
When the words, marks, etc. "Remove the mask" are instructed, or when the instructions are given audibly by the instruction device 14, the worker inside the Manlock 5 removes the mask and breathes the environmental gas, that is, an air break occurs. , and repeat high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing and air breaks an appropriate number of times.

〔Example〕

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail using illustrated examples.

The drawing shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which a computer 17 includes an arithmetic processing circuit 1, a storage device 2. Input device 3. Timer circuit 22. Pressure designation circuit 231 Time designation circuit 24. Cutting edge specification circuit 25. A cutting edge specifying circuit 26 is connected to the arithmetic processing circuit 1. Storage device 2.
A computer 17 includes a timer circuit 22, a pressure designation circuit 23, and a time designation circuit 24.

Note that as the input device 3, for example, a keyboard or a combination of a dial and a switch is used.

The programs stored in the storage device 2 are roughly divided into a pressurization program, a pressure reduction program, and an emergency pressure reduction program. Next, the calculation contents of each program will be explained.

(1) Calculation conditions A of the pressurization program, percentage of oxygen in the breathing mixture gas (%) B, maximum planned working pressure (kg
/ cd ) (2) Calculation result A of the pressurization program, the pressure inside the manlock when wearing a mixed gas breathing mask (kg / C4) (3) Calculation condition A of the decompression program, the pressure in the breathing mixed gas Proportions (%) of each gas (e.g. helium, nitrogen and oxygen); B8 Actual pressure in the work chamber (kg/cd); C0 Time of exposure of workers to high pressure in the work chamber (minutes); (4) Calculation of the depressurization program. Result A, each decompression stop pressure (kg/cd) B, decompression rate to each decompression stop pressure (kg/d/min) C1 time to hold each decompression stop pressure (minutes) D, removing the mixed gas breathing mask Pressure inside the manlock (kg/cd) when wearing the high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask (kg/d) F. Time to wear the high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask (
minutes) G, air break time (minutes) (5) Emergency 2. Calculation conditions and calculation results for the decompression program The calculation conditions and calculation results are the same as in (3) and (4) above, but the safety factor is made smaller.

A manlock 5 consisting of a sealed chamber with a closed door for workers to enter and exit (not shown) is provided above the work chamber 27 of the pressure submersible, and an air compressor 4 and a mixed gas cylinder are installed in the air supply chamber 28 on the ground. A mixed gas supply source 8 consisting of a mixed gas supply source 8 consisting of a high oxygen partial pressure gas supply source 11 consisting of a high oxygen partial pressure gas cylinder, an air supply source 29 consisting of a large number of compressed air cylinders, and a therapeutic gas supply source 30 consisting of a therapeutic gas cylinder are accommodated. The compressed air pipe 6 that connects the air compressor a4 and the inside of the pressurization/decompression manlock 5 is opened and closed by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via an output destination designation circuit 26 and a contact output board 31. Output destination designation circuit 26° D/A converter 7 and amplifier 32 by the electromagnetic on-off valve 1 and the signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1
A regulating valve 2 consisting of an electric proportional control valve whose opening degree is adjusted via a check valve 33 are interposed.

An output destination designation circuit 26 and a contact output board 34 are connected to the mixed gas pipe line 10 connecting the mixed gas supply source 8 and the mixed gas breathing mask 9 in the pressurization/decompression manlock 5 in response to a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1. An electromagnetic on-off valve 3 and a check valve 35 are interposed to open and close the high oxygen partial pressure gas supply source 11 and the high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask 12 in the pressurization and decompression mankotsuta 5. High oxygen partial pressure gas pipeline 13 connecting
An electromagnetic on-off valve 4 and a check valve 37, which are opened and closed by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via an output destination designation circuit 26 and a contact output board 36, are interposed, and are connected to the therapeutic gas supply source 30. The therapeutic gas pipe line 39 that connects the therapeutic gas breathing mask 38 in the manlock 5 for pressure reduction is opened and closed by Shingetsu of the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via the output destination designation circuit 26 and the contact output board 40. An electromagnetic on-off valve 6 and a check valve 41 are interposed, and furthermore, in the compressed air pipe line 6! The air pipe line 42 that connects the air supply source 29 with the part between the rupture opening/closing valve ■1 and the regulating valve v2 is opened/closed via the output destination designation circuit 26 and the contact output board 43 according to the signal from the arithmetic processing circuit l. An electromagnetic on-off valve 7 is interposed.

The output destination designation circuit 26. The output destination designation circuit 26 and the contact output board are connected to the exhaust valve 5, which is an electric proportional control valve whose opening is adjusted via the D/A converter 16 and the amplifier 44, and is connected to the output destination designation circuit 26 and the contact output board according to the signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1. An instruction device 14 that performs instruction operations via the gas switch 45 is installed in the pressurization/decompression mankotsuta 5, and the instruction device 14 has commands such as ``wear a mask for breathing mixed gas'', ``wear a mask for breathing high oxygen partial pressure gas'', and ``wear a mask for breathing high oxygen partial pressure gas''. "Remove mask", "End pressurization".

"Decompression completed", "Compressed air interrupted", "Mixed gas interrupted",
The words, marks, etc. "r High Oxygen Partial Pressure Gas Interruption" are instructed (displayed), and the instruction device 14 instructs the instructions by voice.

The inside of the work chamber 27 and the inside of the manlock 5 for pressurization and depressurization are connected via a differential pressure switch 46, and the differential pressure switch 46 is connected to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via a contact input board 47 and a cutting edge specifying circuit 25. The pressure transducer 15, which is connected to
A pressurization start switch S1 is connected to the pressurization start switch S1, which is connected to
And the pressure reduction start switch S2 is connected to the contact input board 50.
Emergency switches S3 to S6 connected to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via the cutting edge specifying circuit 25 and provided in the switch box 51 in the manlock 5 for pressurization and depressurization are as follows:
It is connected to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via a contact input board 52 and a cutting edge specifying circuit 25.

A pressure transducer 53 connected to a portion of the compressed air pipe 6 between the regulating valve 2 and the check valve 33 is connected to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via an A/D converter 54 and a cutting edge specifying circuit 25. and a check valve 3 in the mixed gas pipe line 10
5 and the hose connection of the mixed gas breathing mask 9, a pressure transducer 55 is connected between the A/
A/D converter 56 and cutting edge specifying circuit 25 are connected to arithmetic processing circuit 1, and further connected to computer 17, input device 3, and manual cutting edge specifying circuit 25.
Output destination designation circuit 26 such as D converter and contact input board
The D/A converter and contact output board connected to
It is housed in a control room 57.

In the manlock 5 for pressurization and depressurization and in the control room 57,
A communication microphone 58 and speaker 59 are provided, and the air pipe 42. Pressure reducing valves 60 to 63 are provided in the mixed gas line 10, the high oxygen partial pressure gas line 13, and the treatment gas line 39.
is provided. Further, a pressure converter 64 is connected between the check valve 37 in the high oxygen partial pressure gas pipe line 13 and the hose connection of the high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask 12, and the pressure converter 64 is connected to the A/D It is connected to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via a converter 65 and a cutting edge specifying circuit 25.

Next, a description will be given of the operation when pressurizing using the pressurizing and depressurizing device.

First, the input device f3 is operated to send signals of the components of the breathing mixed gas to be used and the expected working pressure from the input device 3 to the arithmetic processing circuit 1. The arithmetic processing circuit 1 calls the pressurization/depressurization calculation program, calculates the pressurization/depressurization program, and stores the calculation results in the storage device 2. Note that time designation factors such as increase and decrease in pressure are sent from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 to the time and time designation circuit 24, and pressure factors such as increase and decrease in pressure are sent from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 to the pressure designation circuit 23.

Next, when the worker enters the man-lock 5 and presses the push-button pressurization start switch S1, the signal from the switch S1 is sent to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via the contact input board 50 and cutting edge specifying circuit 25. A signal is sent from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 to the timer circuit 22, and the signal is sent from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 to the timer circuit 22.
2 starts operating, and the arithmetic processing circuit 1 starts operating the storage device W2.
The pressurization program stored in the memory is called and a signal for pressurization is sent to the output destination designation circuit 26 and the contact output board 3.
1 of the compressed air pipe 6 is sent to the rupture on-off valve v1 via the breaker v1.

Further, a pressure signal is input to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 from the pressure transducer 15 in the manlock 5 via the A/D converter 48 and the cutting edge specifying circuit 25, and at the same time, a time signal is input from the timer circuit 22. is input, and the arithmetic processing circuit 1
The output designation circuit 26 compares and calculates the two input signals and outputs a signal for defeating the pressurization program.
．． The air is sent via the D/A converter f*fi7 and the amplifier 32 to the regulating valve (2) of the compressed air pipe line 6, and the opening degree of the regulating valve (v2) is adjusted.

The pressure signal inputted from the pressure conversion 9% 15 in the man lock 5 to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via the A/D converter 48 and cutting edge specifying circuit 25 corresponds to the set pressure in the pressurization program (for example, 3.0 kg). /cd), the arithmetic processing circuit 1 controls the electromagnetic on-off valve Vl in the compressed air pipe line 6.
Stop the valve open signal for that 1X@open/close valve V1
It closes automatically and outputs the following three signals.

A. Continuously output the valve opening degree adjustment signal as described above to the adjustment valve of the compressed air pipe line 6.

B. Send a mixed gas mask installation signal to the instruction bag W14 in the man lock 5 via the output destination designation circuit 26 and contact output board 45, and send a message such as letters, marks, etc. to “install the mixed gas mask” to the instruction device 14. Give instructions (display) or voice instructions.

A valve opening signal is sent to the electromagnetic on-off valve V3 of the mixed gas pipe line 10 via the C2 cutting edge designation circuit 26 and the contact output board 34, and the electromagnetic on-off valve V3 is opened.

When the worker puts on the mixed gas breathing mask 9 in the man lock 5 and presses the pressurization start switch S1, the signal from the switch S1 is transmitted via the contact input board 50 and the cutting edge specification circuit 25. The signal is sent to the arithmetic processing circuit 1, and the arithmetic processing circuit 1 outputs the following three signals.

D. A valve opening signal is sent to the release valve v1 of the compressed air line 6 via the output destination designation circuit 26 and the contact output board 31, and the electromagnetic valve v1 is opened.

E, continue outputting the signal of C.

F. As mentioned above, compare and calculate the pressure signal sent from the pressure transducer 15 in the Manlock 5 and the signal sent from the timer circuit 22, and output a signal to match the pressurization program. Destination designation circuit 26. Regulating valve ■2 of compressed air line 6 via D/A converter 7 and amplifier 32
and adjust the opening degree of the regulating valve v2.

Next, when the pressure in the man lock 5 and the pressure in the working chamber 27 become the same, a signal is input from the differential pressure switch 46 to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via the contact input board 52 and the cutting edge specification circuit 25. The arithmetic processing circuit 1 is the 1! of the compressed air pipe line 6! At the same time as stopping the output to the magnetic on-off valve v1 and the regulating valve v2, a signal indicating the end of pressurization is sent to the indicating device 14 via the output destination designation circuit 26 and the contact output board 45, and the indicating device 114 is notified of the “end of pressurizing” message. '' or a mark or the like, or use the instruction device 14 to give a voice instruction to ``end pressurization.''

Next, an explanation will be given of the operation when performing emergency depressurization using the pressurization and depressurization device.

If a worker is injured or a fire occurs during pressurization, when the worker inside the manlock 5 presses the emergency first push button switch S3, the signal from the switch S3 is transmitted to the contact input board 52 and the input switch. The information is sent to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via the blade edge specification circuit 25, and the arithmetic processing circuit 1 reads the pressure history and breathing gas composition in the storage device 2, calculates a decompression schedule, and then calculates the calculated depressurization schedule. In order to match the speed, the pressure signal is sent from the pressure transducer 15 in the Manlock 5 via the A/D converter 48 and the cutting edge designation circuit 25, and the time is sent from the timer circuit 22. The output destination designation circuit 26 performs a comparison operation with the signal. An opening adjustment signal is sent to the exhaust valve V5 of the manlock 5 via the D/A converter 16 and the amplifier 44, and the opening of the exhaust valve V5 is adjusted.

Furthermore, if the supply of mixed gas is interrupted for some reason during pressurization, a signal is sent from the pressure transducer 55 connected to the mixed gas pipe IO to the A/D converter 56 and the cutting edge specifying circuit 25. When the worker inside the man lock 5 presses the second emergency pushbutton switch S4, the signal from the switch S4 is sent to the contact input board 52 and the cutting edge designation circuit 25. The signal is sent to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via.

This arithmetic processing circuit 1 calculates a pressure reduction schedule based on the pressure signal sent from the pressure converter 55 and data sent from the timer circuit 22, and then matches the pressure reduction schedule with the calculated pressure reduction rate. As shown in FIG. 16 and the amplifier 44, sends an opening adjustment signal to the exhaust valve v5,
The opening degree of the exhaust valve v5 is adjusted.

Furthermore, if the supply of air from the air compressor 4 is interrupted for some reason during pressurization, a signal is transmitted from the pressure transducer 53 connected to the compressed air pipe line 6 to the A/D converter 54 and The signal is sent to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via the cutting edge specifying circuit 25, and the arithmetic processing circuit 1 sends a compressed air interruption signal to the indicating device 14 via the output destination specifying circuit 26 and the contact output board 45. Instruct (display) characters such as "compressed air interruption" on the indicating device 14, or
gives a voice command to "interrupt compressed air".

Next, when the worker enters the manlock 5 and presses the special third pushbutton switch S5, the signal from the switch S5 is sent to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via the contact input board 52 and the cutting edge specification circuit 25. The arithmetic processing circuit 1 receives the signal sent from the pressure transducer 53 and the timer circuit 2.
A pressure reduction schedule is calculated based on the data sent from the pressure transducer 53 and the timer circuit 22 so as to match the calculated pressure reduction rate. The arithmetic processing circuit 1 performs a comparison operation with the signal, and the arithmetic processing circuit 1 connects the output destination designation circuit 26 and the D/A
An opening adjustment signal is sent to the exhaust valve V5 via the converter 16 and the amplifier 44 to adjust the opening of the exhaust valve V5.

Next, the operation of reducing the pressure using the pressure reduction device will be described.

The electromagnetic on-off valve 3 of the mixed gas pipe line 10 is kept in the open state when the pressurization is completed, and the worker enters the manlock 5 from the work chamber 27 and puts on a mixed gas breathing mask. 9 to breathe the mixed gas, and at the same time press the push-button decompression start switch S2. When the switch S2 is pressed, the signal of the switch S2 is transmitted to the contact input board 50.
and is sent to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via the cutting edge specifying circuit 25. The arithmetic processing circuit 1 calls the pressure reduction program stored in the storage device 2, and receives the signal sent from the pressure transducer 15 in the man lock 5 and the timer circuit 22.
The decompression schedule is calculated based on the data sent from.

The arithmetic processing circuit 1 is a pressure transducer 1 in the man lock 5.
5 and the time signal sent from the timer circuit 22, and then output destination designation circuit 26 and D/A converter 16 to match the calculated decompression schedule. An opening adjustment signal is sent to the exhaust valve v5 connected to the manronc 5 via the amplifier 44, and the opening of the exhaust valve v5 is adjusted.

Further, the arithmetic processing circuit 1 receives a pressure signal sent from the pressure transducer 15 in the man lock 5 at a predetermined pressure (for example, 5
．． 0kg/cffl), the output to the exhaust valve v5 is stopped, and at the same time, a mask detachment signal is sent to the indicating device 14 via the output destination designation circuit 26 and the contact output board 45, and the indicating device 14 receives the message " The user displays characters, marks, etc. that say "remove the mask," or instructs the user to "remove the mask" by voice from the instruction device 14.

Next, after the worker removed the mask 9 inside Manlock 5,
When the pressure reduction start switch S2 is pressed, the signal from the switch S2 is sent to the arithmetic processing circuit 1.

The arithmetic processing circuit 1 is a pressure transducer 1 inside the man lock 5.
5 via the A/D converter 48 and cutting edge specifying circuit 25 and the time signal sent from the timer circuit 22, and calculates and compares the signal sent from the timer circuit 22 to match the calculated pressure reduction schedule. The output destination designation circuit 26. D/
An opening adjustment signal is sent to the exhaust valve (2) 5 via the A converter 16 and the amplifier 44 to adjust the opening of the exhaust valve (5).

The arithmetic processing circuit 1 is a pressure transducer 1 in the man lock 5.
5. When the pressure signal sent via the A/D converter 48 and cutting edge specifying circuit 25 reaches a predetermined pressure of the pressure reduction schedule (for example, 3.0 kg/cU), the following three signals are output.

G. A valve opening signal is sent to the electromagnetic on-off valve (1) of the compressed air pipe line 6 via the output destination designation circuit 26 and the contact output board 31, and the electromagnetic on-off valve (v1) is opened.

H1 cutting edge designation circuit 26. A signal is sent via the D/A converter 7 and the amplifier 32 to the regulating valve 2 of the compressed air line 6 to open it as much as necessary for ventilation.

(2) A pressure transducer 15 inside the Raman lock 5 to keep the internal pressure of the Raman lock 5 constant. Comparing and calculating the signal sent via the A/D converter 48 and cutting edge specifying circuit 25 with the time signal sent from the timer circuit 22,
Output destination designation circuit 26. to match the calculated depressurization schedule. An opening adjustment signal is sent to the exhaust valve V5 via the D/A converter 16 and the amplifier 44 to adjust the opening of the exhaust valve V5.

Further, when the signal from the timer circuit 22 reaches the depressurization stop time of the depressurization schedule, the arithmetic processing circuit 1 stops the output to the electromagnetic on-off valve Vl and the regulating valve 2 in the compressed air pipe line 6, and then The decompression rate is calculated by comparing the signal sent from the pressure transducer 15 in the interior via the A/D converter 48 and cutting edge specifying circuit 25 with the time signal sent from the timer circuit 22. The output destination designation circuit 26. D/A converter 1
6 and the amplifier 44, an adjustment signal is sent to the exhaust valve (2) 5 connected to the man lock 5, and the opening degree of the exhaust valve (5) is adjusted.

Next, the arithmetic processing circuit 1 converts the pressure transducer 1 inside the manro
5. When the pressure signal coming through the A/D converter 48 and the cutting edge specifying circuit 25 reaches the high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing start pressure of the pressure reduction schedule (for example, 1.5 kg/cd), the output is sent to the exhaust valve V5. At the same time, the following two signals are output.

J, via the output destination designation circuit 26 and contact output board 45, sends a high oxygen partial pressure gas mask mounting signal to the indicating device ff14 in the man lock 5, and the indicating device! The instruction device 14 instructs (displays) letters, marks, etc. "Wear a high oxygen partial pressure gas mask", and the instruction device 14 instructs "Wear a high oxygen partial pressure gas mask 1" by voice.

K. A valve opening signal is sent to the electromagnetic on-off valve v4 of the high oxygen partial pressure gas pipeline 13 via the output destination designation circuit 26 and the contact output board 36, and the electromagnetic on-off valve (4) is opened. As mentioned above! The valve opening signal for the separation valve ■4 is continuously sent until the end of the pressure reduction.

Next, when the worker puts on the high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask 12 and presses the decompression start switch S2, the signal from the switch S2 is processed via the contact input board 50 and the cutting edge specification circuit 25. When the signal from the timer circuit 22 indicates that the high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing time (for example, 30 minutes) has elapsed, the processing circuit 1 outputs the signal to the output destination designation circuit 26 and the contact output. board 45
A mask removal signal is sent to the instruction device 14 via the instruction device 14, and the instruction device 14 is instructed (displayed) with the characters, marks, etc. of “Mask l1tIJIQr”, and the instruction device 14 is used to instruct “Mask removal” by voice. do.

The worker looks at the mask removal display on the instruction device 14 or asks the voice instruction from the instruction device 14 to remove the high oxygen partial pressure gas mask 12 and enter the air break state.
When the signal from the timer circuit 22 indicates that a predetermined air break time (for example, 5 minutes) has elapsed, the arithmetic processing circuit 1 sends an instruction to the instruction device 14 via the output destination designation circuit 26 and the contact output board 45. Either sends a high oxygen partial pressure gas mask installation signal to the device, and instructs (displays) the words or marks “r High oxygen partial pressure gas mask is attached” on the indicating device 14; A voice instructs you to put on your gas mask.

The worker looks at the instructions (display) on the display device 14 or asks the voice instructions on the instruction device 14, wears the high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask 12, and breathes in the high oxygen partial pressure gas.
As described above, breathing high oxygen partial pressure gas and air breaks are alternately repeated as many times as necessary.

Furthermore, when the signal sent from the timer circuit 22 indicates that the decompression stop time has elapsed, the arithmetic processing circuit 1 controls the pressure transducer 15 in the man lock 5 so that the decompression speed matches the calculated decompression speed. Comparing and calculating the signal sent from the A/D converter 48 and the cutting edge specifying circuit 25 with the time signal sent from the timer circuit 22,
Output destination designation circuit 26. D/A converter 16 and amplifier 4
An opening adjustment signal is sent to the exhaust valve ■5 via the exhaust valve ■5, and the opening degree of the exhaust valve ■5 is adjusted.

Further, the arithmetic processing circuit 1 is connected to the pressure transducer 1 inside the man lock 5.
5 via the A/D converter 48 and cutting edge specifying circuit 25.
kg/cd), the output to exhaust valve v5 is stopped.

Next, when the signal from the timer circuit 22 indicates that the decompression stop time has elapsed, the arithmetic processing circuit 1 controls the pressure transducer 15 in the manlock 5 to the A/D converter 48 and the cutting edge specifying circuit 25. Comparing and calculating the signal sent via the timer circuit 22 with the time signal sent from the timer circuit 22,
Output destination designation circuit 26. D/A converter 16 and amplifier 4
4, an opening adjustment signal is sent to the exhaust valve v5 to adjust the opening of the exhaust valve v5.

Furthermore, if the supply of high oxygen partial pressure gas is interrupted for some reason during depressurization, a signal is transmitted from the pressure converter 64 connected to the high oxygen partial pressure gas pipe 13 to the A/D converter 65.
The signal is sent to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via the cutting edge specifying circuit 25, and the arithmetic processing circuit 1 sends the high oxygen partial pressure gas to the instruction bag ff14 via the output destination specifying circuit 26 and the contact output board 45. A signal is sent, and the instruction device 14 instructs (displays) letters, marks, etc. ``High oxygen partial pressure gas interruption'', or the instruction device 14 instructs ``High oxygen partial pressure gas interruption'' by voice.

Next, when the worker inside the man lock 5 presses the fourth emergency push button switch S6, the signal from the switch S6 is sent to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via the contact input board 52 and the cutting edge specification circuit 25. , the arithmetic processing circuit 1 receives the signal sent from the pressure transducer 64 and the timer circuit 22.
A decompression schedule is calculated based on the data sent from the pressure transducer 64 and the signal sent from the timer circuit 22 to match the calculated decompression rate. The arithmetic processing circuit 1 sends an opening adjustment signal to the exhaust valve v5 via the output destination designation circuit 26, the D/A converter 16, and the amplifier 44, and Adjust the opening.

Figure 6 shows an example of a pressurization/decompression situation and a breathing gas switching situation, where a worker starts pressurization while breathing environmental gas (air) (a) inside the manlock, and the intermediate pressure created is shown in Fig. 6. When pressurized to I, pressurization is temporarily stopped, the worker puts on a mixed gas breathing mask, and then resumes pressurization while breathing the mixed gas (b), taking a time period of T. Pressurize to the specified maximum pressure ■.

Next, after the worker performs the work while breathing the mixed gas in the work chamber at the maximum pressure ■ (time T,
(includes the travel time to and from the work room), the worker returns to the manlock and starts depressurizing while breathing the mixed gas, and when the pressure is reduced to the first intermediate pressure m, the Remove the mask and reduce the pressure to the second intermediate pressure ■ while breathing the environmental gas (air), stop the decompression for a certain period of time at the second intermediate pressure ■, and then reduce the pressure to the third intermediate pressure V while breathing the environmental gas. After stopping the pressure reduction for a certain period of time at the third intermediate pressure V, the pressure is reduced to the fourth intermediate pressure ■.

Next, in the environment of the fourth intermediate pressure (■), repeat high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing (c) by wearing a high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask and air break or air breathing (d) an appropriate number of times. Next, the pressure is reduced to the fifth intermediate pressure ■, and in the environment of the fifth intermediate pressure ■, high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing (c) and air break (d) are performed using a high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask device. Repeat the appropriate number of times.

As mentioned above, all "pressurization and depressurization operations", "instructions for workers to put on and take off respirators for mixed gases", and "instructions for workers to put on and take off respirators for high oxygen partial pressure gas" are carried out on the ground. For example, when the mixed gas supply is cut off while working in the mountain or during pressurization or depressurization, or when the supply of high oxygen partial pressure gas is cut off while breathing high oxygen partial pressure gas. ``If decompression sickness or oxygen poisoning develops during depressurization,'' or ``If emergency depressurization is required due to injury to a worker or a fire in the work room,'' the planned pressurization and depressurization procedures should be changed. If this is not possible, an operator on the ground must give appropriate instructions to the workers inside the manlock and perform the depressurization operation, which requires multiple operators and requires a great deal of training for the operators. It's expensive and time consuming. However, in the case of the embodiment of the present invention, the instruction bag W14 gives instructions to the worker;
In addition, since the computer 17 automatically performs the pressure reduction operation, multiple operators are not required and the pressure reduction operation can be performed safely and accurately.

When carrying out this invention, the pressurization start switch Sl, the depressurization start switch S2, and the emergency switches S3 to S
6 is not provided in the manlock 5, but is provided in a suitable location other than the manlock 5, for example, in a switch operation section in the control room 57, and a communication device consisting of a microphone and a speaker is provided between the manlock 5 and the switch operation section. or provide communication equipment for
Alternatively, a communication communication device such as a communication device using a buzzer or a monitoring device using a television camera may be provided. In this case, when an instruction is given by the instruction device 14, the worker inside the manlock 5 The instruction device 1 is sent to the control tool located in the switch operation section by the communication device for
4. Notify the instructions given in 4.
After operating the switch, the worker notifies the worker in the manlock 5 of the completion of the switch operation using the communication device.

Further, when carrying out the present invention, the storage bag W2 connected to the arithmetic processing circuit 1 may be an internal storage device such as ROM or RAM, or an external storage device such as a floppy disk or hard disk.

Note that the present invention can also be implemented for pressurization and depressurization when performing pressurized air work using the air pressure shield method.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since this invention is configured as described above, it produces the effects described below.

When performing pressurization and depressurization in the manlock 5 for pressurization and depressurization, the indicator F14 provided in the manlock 5 indicates that when the predetermined pressure inside the manlock and the predetermined time are reached, the command for breathing mixed gas Instructions to put on a mask, instructions to put on a mask for breathing high oxygen partial pressure gas, and instructions to take off the mask are automatically given, so breathing the mixed gas and breathing the high oxygen partial pressure gas can be done at a predetermined time and at a predetermined time. This can be done easily and accurately at the pressure inside the manlock.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a pressurizing and depressurizing device for pressurized air work, Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the inside of the control room in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the Figure 4 is a front view showing the equipment in the air supply chamber, Figure 5 is a front view showing the arrangement of switches, Figure 6 is pressurization/decompression status and breathing gas switching status. It is a figure showing an example. In the figure, 1 is an arithmetic processing circuit, 2 is a storage device, 3 is an input device, 4 is an air compressor, 5 is a manlock for pressurization and depressurization,
6 is a compressed air line, 7 is a D/A converter, 8 is a mixed gas supply source, 9 is a mixed gas breathing mask, 10 is a mixed gas line, 11 is a high oxygen partial pressure gas source, 12 is a high oxygen partial pressure gas supply source, and 12 is a high oxygen partial pressure gas source. 13 is a high oxygen partial pressure gas pipe, 14 is an indicator, 15 is a pressure converter, 16 is a D/A converter, 17 is a computer, 22 is a timer circuit, and 23 is a pressure designator. circuit, 24 is a time and time designation circuit, 27 is a working chamber, 30 is a therapeutic gas supply source, 38 is a therapeutic gas breathing mask, 46 is a differential pressure switch, 48 is an A/D converter, 53 is a pressure transducer, 54 is an A/D converter, 55 is a pressure converter, and 56 is an A/D converter.
D converter, 57 control room, 64 pressure converter, 65 A
/D converter, ■1 is the opening/closing valve that breaks 1, ■2 is the adjustment valve, v3
and ■4 is a solenoid on-off valve, ■5 is an exhaust valve, ■6 and ■
7 is an electromagnetic on-off valve, SL is a switch for starting pressurization, and S2 is a switch for starting pressure reduction.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A storage device 2 storing a pressurization program and a pressure reduction program and an input device 3 are connected to the arithmetic processing circuit 1, and a compressed air pipe connects the air compressor 4 and the pressure reduction manlock 5. An electromagnetic on-off valve V1 which is opened and closed by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 and a regulating valve V2 whose opening degree is adjusted via a D/A converter 7 by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 are provided in the path 6, A mixed gas pipe 10 connecting the mixed gas supply source 8 and the mixed gas breathing mask 9 in the man lock 5 is provided with an electromagnetic on-off valve V3 that is opened and closed by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1. Partial pressure gas supply source 1
1 and the high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask 12 in the manlock 5, an electromagnetic opening/closing valve V4 that is opened and closed by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 is provided in the high oxygen partial pressure gas pipe line 13 that connects In the manlock 5, an instruction device 14 for instructing the putting on and taking off of the respiratory mask based on a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1; a pressure transducer 15 connected to the arithmetic processing circuit 1;
Pressurization start switch S1 and depressurization start switch S2
A pressurizing and depressurizing device for pressurized air work, in which an exhaust valve V5 controlled by a signal from an arithmetic processing circuit 1 via a D/A converter 16 is connected to the manlock 5 for pressurizing and depressurizing. (2) A storage device 2 storing a program for pressurization and a program for depressurization and an input device 3 are connected to the arithmetic processing circuit 1, and a compressed air pipe connects the air compressor 4 and the manlock 5 for pressurization and depressurization. An electromagnetic on-off valve V1 which is opened and closed by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 and a regulating valve V2 whose opening degree is adjusted via a D/A converter 7 by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 are provided in the path 6, A mixed gas pipe 10 connecting the mixed gas supply source 8 and the mixed gas breathing mask 9 in the man lock 5 is provided with an electromagnetic on-off valve V3 that is opened and closed by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1. Partial pressure gas supply source 1
1 and the high oxygen partial pressure gas breathing mask 12 in the manlock 5, an electromagnetic opening/closing valve V4 that is opened and closed by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 is provided in the high oxygen partial pressure gas pipe line 13 that connects The manlock 5 is provided with an instruction device 14 that instructs the putting on and taking off of a respiratory mask based on a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1, and a pressure transducer 15 connected to the arithmetic processing circuit 1, and a pressurization start switch S1 and The pressure reduction start switch S2 is provided in a switch operation part other than the inside of the manlock 5, and the manlock 5 has an exhaust valve V5 controlled by a signal from the arithmetic processing circuit 1 via the D/A converter 16. A pressurizing and depressurizing device for pressurized air work, which is connected to the manlock 5 and the switch operation section, and is provided with a communication device for communicating with each other.