JPH02214105A - Rare-earth permanent magnet - Google Patents
Rare-earth permanent magnetInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02214105A JPH02214105A JP3466789A JP3466789A JPH02214105A JP H02214105 A JPH02214105 A JP H02214105A JP 3466789 A JP3466789 A JP 3466789A JP 3466789 A JP3466789 A JP 3466789A JP H02214105 A JPH02214105 A JP H02214105A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- rare earth
- weight
- earth permanent
- rare
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000938 samarium–cobalt magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000889 permalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006552 photochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005469 synchrotron radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、異方性を有する一体物の磁石が５００ｇ以上
となるような高磁気特性を有する大型の希土類永久磁石
に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a large-sized rare earth permanent magnet having high magnetic properties such that the anisotropic one-piece magnet weighs 500 g or more.
「従来の技術」
最近、自由電子レーザやシンクロトロン放射光装置の加
速器等に、永久磁石を多数連続配置して使用している。"Prior Art" Recently, a large number of permanent magnets are arranged in series and used in free electron lasers, accelerators of synchrotron radiation devices, and the like.
この種の加速器等では、電子ビームの通路を挟んで両側
に複数個の永久磁石を連続配置させ、各永久磁石は隣接
するものと対向するものとが互いに逆極になるように構
成され、通過する電子ビームに横方向の周期的磁場を付
与させるものがある。あるいは、パーマロイ等と組み合
わせた所謂ハイブリッドタイプと呼ばれる形式のものも
ある。In this type of accelerator, a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged in succession on both sides of the path of the electron beam, and each permanent magnet is constructed so that the adjacent one and the one facing the opposite polarity are opposite to each other. There is a method that applies a horizontal periodic magnetic field to the electron beam. Alternatively, there is also a so-called hybrid type that is combined with permalloy or the like.
加速器等に使用する永久磁石は磁気的特性の高いものが
要求され、Ｓａ＋−Ｃｏ系やＮｄ −Ｆｅ −Ｂ系の異
方性希土類永久磁石が使用されている。Permanent magnets used in accelerators and the like are required to have high magnetic properties, and anisotropic rare earth permanent magnets such as Sa+-Co and Nd-Fe-B are used.
これら永久磁石は、磁石材料を成形した後、焼結して作
成されるが、金型で成形する場合に、金型の外周に磁場
印加手段を設けて成形体に異方性を付与させている。し
かし、成形体の全体に有効に磁場を作用させるためには
、成形体をあまり太き（することができず、永久磁石を
大きな形状に作成することができなかった。These permanent magnets are created by molding magnetic material and then sintering it, but when molding it in a mold, a magnetic field applying means is provided around the outer periphery of the mold to impart anisotropy to the molded body. There is. However, in order to effectively apply a magnetic field to the entire molded body, the molded body cannot be made too thick, and it has been impossible to create a permanent magnet in a large shape.
最近ではより大きな能力の加速器等が望まれており、そ
のような場合、大型の永久磁石が必要であるので、複数
個のブロック磁石を接着剤で組立接合して大きな形状に
して使用している。Recently, accelerators with larger capacity are desired, and in such cases, large permanent magnets are required, so multiple block magnets are assembled and bonded with adhesive to form a large shape. .
「発明が解決しようとする課題」
従来、異方性永久磁石を大きな形状に作成する場合、複
数個のブロック磁石を接着剤で接着させているので次の
ような問題があった。``Problems to be Solved by the Invention'' Conventionally, when creating an anisotropic permanent magnet in a large shape, a plurality of block magnets were bonded together with an adhesive, which caused the following problems.
接着剤が各ブロック磁石の相互間に介在して磁気的空隙
を形成するため、その部分で磁束密度が低下し、全体と
して磁気特性が不均一となり、それを使用した装置の性
能が低下してしまう。また大型の異方性永久磁石が自由
電子レーザ等に組込まれたときには、高真空および紫外
線の存在する環境におかれるので、永久磁石に使用した
接着剤が紫外線による光化学反応により樹脂の高分子構
造が破壊されるため劣化することが多い。さらに複数の
ブロック磁石を接着剤で組立て接合する作業は、煩雑で
あって、作成時間を多く要し、均一な品質のものを供給
することが困難であった。また前記永久磁石は磁石材料
を成形した後、焼結して作成されるが、大きな異方性永
久磁石を作成しようとすると、焼結時に縮小し、その際
に割れやそりが生じることもあった。小型磁石に比べて
大型磁石の場合には特に割れやそりが大きい。Because the adhesive is interposed between each block magnet and forms a magnetic gap, the magnetic flux density decreases in that area, resulting in uneven magnetic properties as a whole, which reduces the performance of devices using it. Put it away. Furthermore, when a large anisotropic permanent magnet is incorporated into a free electron laser, etc., it is placed in an environment of high vacuum and ultraviolet rays, so the adhesive used for the permanent magnet undergoes a photochemical reaction due to the ultraviolet rays, causing the polymer structure of the resin to change. It often deteriorates because it is destroyed. Furthermore, the work of assembling and joining a plurality of block magnets with an adhesive is complicated and requires a lot of production time, and it is difficult to supply products of uniform quality. In addition, the permanent magnets are created by molding magnet material and then sintering it, but if you try to create a large anisotropic permanent magnet, it will shrink during sintering, which may cause cracks or warpage. Ta. Cracks and warpage are particularly large in large magnets compared to small magnets.
そこで本発明は、磁気的空隙を生じない一体物で大重量
の異方性永久磁石を提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a one-piece, heavy-weight anisotropic permanent magnet that does not create a magnetic gap.
「課題を解決するための手段」
本発明の希土類永久磁石は、希土類元素を構成成分とし
て含む永久磁石粉末を、異方性を付与するために設けら
れた金型内のキャビデイ部を通過する外部磁界方向に対
して、垂直方向に加圧成形し、直方体ないしは少く共そ
の一辺がテーパーを有する一体の板状成形体となし、焼
結後において、その最短辺が５ ｍ ｍ以上であり、且
つ重量が５００ｇ以上であることを特徴とするものであ
る。"Means for Solving the Problems" The rare earth permanent magnet of the present invention is produced by passing permanent magnet powder containing a rare earth element as a component through a cavity in a mold provided for imparting anisotropy. Pressure-formed in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field to form a rectangular parallelepiped or an integral plate-shaped body with at least one side tapered, and after sintering, the shortest side is 5 mm or more, and It is characterized by a weight of 500g or more.
本発明の希土類永久磁石は、希土類元素からなる異方性
が付与された永久磁石を、直方体形あるいは少く共１辺
がテーパーを有する板状に一体物で形成してその最短辺
を焼結後に５ ｍ ｍ以上とし、重量が５００ｇ以上で
あることを特徴とする。。The rare earth permanent magnet of the present invention is made by forming an anisotropic permanent magnet made of a rare earth element into a rectangular parallelepiped shape or a plate shape having at least one tapered side, and then sintering the shortest side of the permanent magnet. It is characterized by having a length of 5 mm or more and a weight of 500 g or more. .
永久磁石の最短辺を５ｍｍ以上にしたのは、それ未満で
は強度が弱く、取り扱いにくいためである。また５００
ｇ以上としたのは、従来技術では一体物の製造が不可能
となる限界がその辺だからである。The reason why the shortest side of the permanent magnet is set to 5 mm or more is because if it is less than 5 mm, the strength is weak and difficult to handle. 500 again
The reason why it is set to be more than g is because this is the limit at which it is impossible to manufacture a one-piece object using conventional techniques.
希土類元素としてＳ■−Ｃｏ系やＮｄ −Ｆｅ −Ｂを
使用できるが、これは例えば放射線の存在する環境にお
ける用途に対して、放射線照射に起因する磁束密度の低
下の懸念が少な（、磁束量の安定化のため着磁後５０℃
ないし１２０℃程度で加熱冷却した際に非可逆減磁率が
小さ（、キューリ温度も高く、かつ高保磁力を有するこ
とから、パーミアンス係数的にも有利であるＳ＋ｍ−Ｃ
ｏ系やＮｄ−Ｆｅ−Ｈの異方性永久磁石が最も適してい
る。なお、ここにおいてパーミアンス係数Ｐは異方性永
久磁石の特性を表わす減磁曲線上の動作点における磁束
密度Ｂｄと保磁力Ｈｄとの比Ｂｄ／ Ｈｄによって算出
され、Ｐ＝Ｂｄ／μ。Ｈｄ ［μ。は磁気定数（真空透
磁率）］で表わされる。S■-Co and Nd-Fe-B can be used as rare earth elements, but these are suitable for applications in environments where radiation exists, for example, because there is little concern about a decrease in magnetic flux density due to radiation irradiation. 50℃ after magnetization to stabilize
S+m-C has a small irreversible demagnetization rate when heated and cooled at temperatures ranging from 120°C to 120°C, and has a high Curie temperature and high coercive force, which is advantageous in terms of permeance coefficient.
O-based or Nd-Fe-H anisotropic permanent magnets are most suitable. Here, the permeance coefficient P is calculated from the ratio Bd/Hd of the magnetic flux density Bd to the coercive force Hd at the operating point on the demagnetization curve representing the characteristics of the anisotropic permanent magnet, and P=Bd/μ. Hd [μ. is expressed by the magnetic constant (vacuum permeability)].
「作用」
本発明の永久磁石は、５００ｇ以上の大きな形状に一体
物で形成されるので、大型磁石が要求される場合でも、
磁気特性が全体的に均一となり、自由電子レーザの加速
器に使用した場合、性能のよい加速器となる。"Function" The permanent magnet of the present invention is formed in one piece into a large shape weighing 500 g or more, so even when a large magnet is required,
The magnetic properties are uniform throughout, and when used in a free electron laser accelerator, the accelerator has good performance.
また、本発明の永久磁石は５００ｇ以上の大型のものが
容易に得られるが、得られたブロックを更にＣＩＰ（冷
間静水圧プレス）によって拡散接合させることによって
、より巨大なものを得ることも可能である。Furthermore, although large permanent magnets of 500 g or more can be easily obtained from the permanent magnets of the present invention, even larger ones can be obtained by further diffusion bonding the obtained blocks using CIP (cold isostatic pressing). It is possible.
「実施例１」
Ｓｍ３８重量％、残部ＣｏからなるＳｍＣｏ、永久磁石
合金をアーク溶解によって作製し、インゴットに鋳造し
た。得られたインゴットをスタンプミルによって３５メ
ツシュ通過まで粗粉砕し、ボールミルで３時間微粉砕し
た。次にこのようにして得られた粉末を、横断面２２．
５ｍｍｘ１００ｍｍの成形空間を有する成形金型内に充
填し、異方性を付与するため水平方向に５ｏｏｏ ｏ
、の並行磁場を印加した状態で垂直方向に０．”Ｉｔ、
７ｃｍ”の圧力を印加して予備成形し、ブロックを形成
した。なお上記予備成形にはリフティング付の油圧プレ
スを使用し、高さ３８ｍｍのブロックをプレス成形後、
型抜き時に上パンチを５／１００ｍｍ上方にリフティン
グすることにより、ブロックに割れその他の欠陥が発生
するのを防止した。すなわち上記予備成形における成形
圧力は通常の成形圧力３．５〜４−Ｏｔ／ａｍ”より極
めて小であり、ブロックの密度および強度が不充分であ
るため、型抜き時において上パンチの重量が印加された
場合にブロックが崩壊するおそれがあるためである。な
お、成形型と成形体の少なくとも１辺にテーパを設けて
おけば、型抜きがより容易になる。"Example 1" A SmCo permanent magnet alloy consisting of 38% by weight of Sm and the balance Co was produced by arc melting and cast into an ingot. The obtained ingot was coarsely ground using a stamp mill until it passed through 35 meshes, and finely ground using a ball mill for 3 hours. Next, the powder obtained in this way is cut into a cross section 22.
It was filled into a mold having a molding space of 5 mm x 100 mm, and 5 ooo o o in the horizontal direction to impart anisotropy.
, in the vertical direction with a parallel magnetic field of 0. “It,
A pressure of 7 cm" was applied to preform to form a block. A hydraulic press with a lifting device was used for the above preform, and after press forming a block with a height of 38 mm,
By lifting the upper punch 5/100 mm upward during die cutting, cracks and other defects were prevented from occurring in the block. That is, the molding pressure in the above preforming is extremely lower than the normal molding pressure of 3.5 to 4-Ot/am, and the density and strength of the block are insufficient, so the weight of the upper punch is applied during die cutting. This is because there is a risk that the block may collapse if the molded body is removed.If the mold and the molded body are tapered on at least one side, demolding becomes easier.
次に得られたブロックを厚さ０．１ｍｍの塩化ビニール
袋内に密封し、袋内の空気を除去した。Next, the obtained block was sealed in a 0.1 mm thick vinyl chloride bag, and the air inside the bag was removed.
上記塩化ビニール袋内に密封したブロックｌの集合体を
冷間静水圧プレス内に装入して、３ｔ／ｃｍ８の圧力を
印加して成形体を得た。The assembly of blocks 1 sealed in the above-mentioned vinyl chloride bag was placed in a cold isostatic press, and a pressure of 3 t/cm8 was applied to obtain a molded product.
上記のようにして得た成形体をＡｒ雰囲気中において１
１５０℃ｘｌｈの焼結を行ない、次に同雰囲気中におい
て９５０℃ｘｉ、５ｈ保持後、１．３℃／分の徐冷によ
り、７９０℃においてＡｒ気流中冷却による熱処理を施
し、６８０ｇの永久磁石を得た。The molded body obtained as described above was placed in an Ar atmosphere for 1
Sintering was carried out at 150°Cxlh, then held at 950°Cxi in the same atmosphere for 5 hours, followed by slow cooling at 1.3°C/min, followed by heat treatment by cooling in an Ar flow at 790°C, resulting in a 680g permanent magnet. I got it.
９ｍｍ口ｘ９．５ｍｍのテストピースを切出し、磁気特
性を測定したところ下記の値を示し、従来の横磁場プレ
ス成形によるものと比較して同等以上であることを確認
した。A test piece of 9 mm opening x 9.5 mm was cut out and its magnetic properties were measured, and the following values were obtained, which were confirmed to be equivalent or better than those produced by conventional transverse magnetic field press molding.
Ｂｒ ”９０９０ Ｇ ｍＨｃ ＝８６３０
０−１Ｈｅ ＝２４２０００． （ＢＨ）、、、、＝
１９．６ ＮＧＯ。Br”9090 G mHc =8630
0-1He =242000. (BH),,,,=
19.6 NGOs.
また本発明方法によるものは従来法によるものより表面
磁束密度が若干１００Ｇ程度高い値を示している。Furthermore, the surface magnetic flux density obtained by the method of the present invention is approximately 100 G higher than that obtained by the conventional method.
「実施例２」
Ｎｄ３１．７重量％、Ｄｙ ４．０重量％、Ｂ（硼素）
１．１重量％、Ｃｏ １重量％残部ＦｅからなるＮｄ
−Ｆｅ−Ｂ系永久磁石合金を実施例１と同様に粉末とし
、得られた粉末を横断面２４．５ｍ ｍ ｘ １２０
ｍ ｍの成形空間を有する成形型内に充填し、高さ９５
ｍ ｍのブロックを形成した。実施例１と同様にリフ
ティング付の油圧プレスを用いた。"Example 2" Nd 31.7% by weight, Dy 4.0% by weight, B (boron)
1.1% by weight, Co 1% by weight, balance Fe
-Fe-B permanent magnet alloy was made into powder in the same manner as in Example 1, and the cross section of the obtained powder was 24.5 mm x 120
Filled into a mold with a molding space of 95 mm in height.
Blocks of mm were formed. As in Example 1, a hydraulic press with a lifting device was used.
次に得られたブロックを実施例１と同様にＣＩＰした。Next, the obtained block was subjected to CIP in the same manner as in Example 1.
得られた成形体を支持台上に設置した多数のＮｄｘＯｓ
球体（６１０ｍｍ）ｌ上に置き１０９０℃ｘｌｈ、Ａｒ
雰囲気中で焼結した。球体上に成形体を置いた理由は、
焼結時に収縮を円滑に進行させるためである。焼結後、
試料を室温まで炉中冷却し、再度９００℃ｘ２時間過熱
し、１．５℃／分の冷却速度で連続冷却した。A large number of NdxOs with the obtained molded body placed on a support stand
Place on a sphere (610 mm) at 1090°C, Ar
Sintered in atmosphere. The reason for placing the molded body on the sphere is
This is to allow shrinkage to proceed smoothly during sintering. After sintering,
The sample was cooled to room temperature in a furnace, heated again at 900°C for 2 hours, and continuously cooled at a cooling rate of 1.5°C/min.
室温への冷却後、５８０℃で時効処理を行なった熱処理
により何らクラックは入らなかった。実施例１と同様に
テストピースを切出した磁気特性を測定したところＢｒ
” ｌ Ｏ９５０Ｇ、 ｓ Ｈｅ ＝２２０００ ０
ｅ、、（ＢＨ）ａ＋ａｘ＝２８．６ ＮＧＯ６のもの
が得られた。After cooling to room temperature, aging treatment was performed at 580° C., and no cracks appeared. A test piece was cut out in the same manner as in Example 1, and its magnetic properties were measured.
” l O950G, s He =22000 0
e, , (BH)a+ax=28.6 NGO6 was obtained.
このような重量が約２Ｋｇにも達する一体物の高性能磁
石は、今だ世の中に存在しない新規かつ有用なものであ
る。Such a one-piece, high-performance magnet weighing approximately 2 kg is a novel and useful item that does not yet exist in the world.
「実施例３」
８１３８重量％、残部ＣｏからなるＳ■Ｃｏｓ永久磁石
合金をアーク溶接により作成し、インゴットに鋳造した
。得られたインゴットをスタンプミルによって３５メツ
シュ通過まで粗粉砕し、ボールミルで３時間微粉砕した
。"Example 3" An S■Cos permanent magnet alloy consisting of 8138% by weight and the balance being Co was produced by arc welding and cast into an ingot. The obtained ingot was coarsely ground using a stamp mill until it passed through 35 meshes, and finely ground using a ball mill for 3 hours.
次に得られた粉末を、横断面２３ｍｍｘ２４ｍｍの成形
空間を有する成形型内に充填し、異方性を付与するため
水平方向に５ｏｏｏ ｏ、の平行磁場を印加した状態
で垂直方向に０．７ｔ／ｃｍ２の圧力を加えて予備成形
し、高さ７６ｍｍのブロックを形成した。Next, the obtained powder was filled into a mold having a molding space with a cross section of 23 mm x 24 mm, and 0.7 t was applied in the vertical direction while a parallel magnetic field of 5 ooo o was applied in the horizontal direction to impart anisotropy. Preforming was performed by applying a pressure of /cm2 to form a block with a height of 76 mm.
予備成形したブロックを成形金型から抜き出す場合、リ
フティング付の油圧プレスを使用して、上パンチを３７
１００ｍｍ上方にリフティングさせ、ブロックに割れそ
の他の欠陥が生じないようにした。これは、予備成形で
加える圧力が極めて小さいため、ブロックの密度および
強度が不十分であるため、型抜き時に上パンチの重量が
加わってブロックが崩壊するおそれがあるためである。When extracting the preformed block from the mold, use a hydraulic press with a lifting device and press the upper punch at 37 mm.
The block was lifted 100 mm upwards to avoid cracks or other defects in the block. This is because the pressure applied during preforming is extremely small, resulting in insufficient density and strength of the block, which may cause the block to collapse due to the weight of the upper punch during die cutting.
次に上記で作成したブロックを異方性を一致させて５個
連続整列させ、厚さ０．１ｍｍの塩化ビニール袋内に密
封した。この場合、袋内の空気を除去し、５個のブロッ
クの各隣接面を密着させ、この集合体に冷間静水圧プレ
スにより４ ｔ ／ ａｍ”の圧力を加えて集合成形体
を得た。この集合成形体の上下表面を０．８ｍｍ平面研
削により研削した結果、隣接するブロック間には継目が
全く存在しなかった。これは、予備成形により得たブロ
ックの密度が低いためブロックの表面あらさが比較的大
であり、冷間静水圧を加えた場合に隣接するブロック間
において、微粉体相互のカミ込みが発生し、粉末冶金的
に一体に結合するものと推定される。一部、拡散接合し
ているとも推定される。Next, five of the blocks prepared above were aligned in series with matching anisotropy and sealed in a 0.1 mm thick vinyl chloride bag. In this case, the air in the bag was removed, the adjacent surfaces of the five blocks were brought into close contact with each other, and a pressure of 4 t/am'' was applied to this aggregate by cold isostatic pressing to obtain an aggregate molded body. As a result of grinding the upper and lower surfaces of this aggregate molded body by 0.8 mm surface grinding, there were no seams between adjacent blocks at all.This is because the density of the blocks obtained by preforming is low, and the surface roughness of the blocks. is relatively large, and it is presumed that when cold hydrostatic pressure is applied, the fine powders will jam into each other between adjacent blocks, and will be bonded together through powder metallurgy. It is also presumed that they are connected.
上記集合成形体をＡｒ雰囲気中において１１５０’ＣＸ
１ｈの焼却を行ない、次に同雰囲気中において９５０℃
Ｘ１．５ｈ保持後、１．３℃／分の徐冷をし、さらに７
９０℃においてＡｒ気流中冷却により熱処理をした。The above aggregate molded body was placed at 1150'CX in an Ar atmosphere.
Incinerate for 1 hour, then incinerate at 950℃ in the same atmosphere.
After holding for 1.5 hours, slowly cooled at 1.3°C/min, and then
Heat treatment was performed at 90° C. by cooling in an Ar stream.
上記熱処理を行なう場合、集合成形体は収縮し、その支
持面に対して集合成形体が円滑に収縮できないと割れや
そりが生じてしまうので、支持面上に多数の球状の回転
体を置き、その上に集合成形体を静置した。回転体は焼
結中に変性しないように十分な耐熱性が必要であり、か
つ焼結中東合成形体と反応しないものでなければならず
、アルミナ等のセラミック製にして表面にＢＮをコーテ
ィングしたものを使用した。また回転体の大きさは直径
１８ｍｍのものを使用し、多数の回転体の平面占有率は
約７０％となるようにした。そして、熱処理で集合成形
体が収縮変形するときに、それを支持している回転体が
回転するので収縮が円滑に行なわれ、焼結体に割れやそ
りが生じることがない。なお、集合成形体を支持してい
る回転体を回転させることなく、回転体上を集合成形体
が滑べるようにしてもよい。When performing the above heat treatment, the aggregate molded body contracts, and if the aggregate molded body cannot shrink smoothly against the supporting surface, cracks or warpage will occur. Therefore, a large number of spherical rotating bodies are placed on the supporting surface, The aggregate molded body was placed on top of it. The rotating body must have sufficient heat resistance to prevent deterioration during sintering, and must not react with the sintered intermediate composite body, and must be made of ceramic such as alumina and coated with BN on the surface. It was used. Further, the size of the rotating bodies used was 18 mm in diameter, and the plane occupancy rate of the large number of rotating bodies was about 70%. When the aggregate compact is contracted and deformed by heat treatment, the rotating body that supports it rotates, so that the shrinkage is performed smoothly and no cracks or warpage occur in the sintered compact. Note that the molded assembly may be allowed to slide on the rotating body without rotating the rotating body that supports the molded assembly.
比較例として磁石材料を３．５ｔ／ｃｍ”で成形した成
形体を、前記の通り焼結して得たブロック磁石を平゛面
研削して接着剤で接合した。それと本発明による永久磁
石を、熱処理後に２５ＫＯ。As a comparative example, a block magnet obtained by sintering a molded body of magnet material at a thickness of 3.5 t/cm'' was plane ground and bonded with an adhesive. , 25KO after heat treatment.
のパルス磁場を使用して着磁した。そして永久磁石の着
磁面から０．５ｍｍの間隔を保持して、シーメンス製Ｆ
Ａ−２２ＥプローブによってＮ極側の表面磁束密度を測
定したところ、全表面に亘って２５００Ｇ以上の値を示
し、ブロック間の継目における表面磁束密度の低下は全
く認められなかった・
一方、従来例のものは、接合面における表面磁束密度の
低下が認められ、本発明方法によるものが格段に優れた
特性を有することがわかる。magnetized using a pulsed magnetic field. Then, keeping a distance of 0.5 mm from the magnetized surface of the permanent magnet,
When the surface magnetic flux density on the N pole side was measured using the A-22E probe, it showed a value of 2500G or more over the entire surface, and no decrease in surface magnetic flux density was observed at the joint between the blocks.On the other hand, in the conventional example A decrease in the surface magnetic flux density at the bonded surface was observed, indicating that the method of the present invention had significantly superior properties.
前記実施例で使用した永久磁石合金ＳｍＣｏ、の代りに
、ＳｍｘＣｏｔｙとＮｄ −Ｆｅ −Ｂ型の永久磁石を
、前記実施例と同様に作成したが、各ブロックの接合部
ではやはり粉末冶金的に一体に結合しその部分での磁束
密度の低下は認められなかった。Instead of the permanent magnet alloy SmCo used in the above example, SmxCoty and Nd-Fe-B type permanent magnets were made in the same manner as in the above example, but the joints of each block were still integrated by powder metallurgy. No decrease in magnetic flux density was observed at that part.
さらに前記実施例では、磁性材料で成形したブロックを
５個接合しなが、それ以上の数を接合することにより、
より大型で大重量の永久磁石を作成することができる。Furthermore, in the above embodiment, five blocks molded from magnetic material are joined, but by joining a larger number of blocks,
Larger and heavier permanent magnets can be created.
また永久磁石は直方体に限るものでなく、任意の平面形
の板状に形成することも可能である。さらに全てのブロ
ックの異方性を同方向となるように接合させる必要はな
（、例えば自由電子レーザの加速器のように異方性の向
きを順次変更して接合させた大型磁石にも、本発明の永
久磁石を適用できる。Further, the permanent magnet is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped shape, but can also be formed into any planar plate shape. Furthermore, it is not necessary to bond all the blocks so that the anisotropy is in the same direction (for example, it is also possible to bond large magnets with the anisotropy direction changed sequentially, such as in a free electron laser accelerator). The permanent magnet of the invention can be applied.
「発明の効果」
本発明の希土類永久磁石は、接着材を用いず、５００ｇ
以上の一体物の希土類磁石を得ることができるので、接
着剤の紫外線等による劣化もなくまたＣＩＰによる接合
を行なった場合には接合面で磁束密度が低下することが
なく、磁気特性が全体的に均一の大型大重量の永久磁石
となり、自由電子レーザの大型加速器等に使用して性能
の向上を図ることができる。また大型の永久磁石を作成
する場合、熱処理による収縮を回転体で円滑に案内させ
ているので熱処理で割れやそりが生じず、精度のよい大
型大重量の永久磁石となり、自由電子レーザ等の大型の
加速器に使用して精度の良い磁気特性を得ることができ
る。"Effects of the Invention" The rare earth permanent magnet of the present invention does not use an adhesive and has a weight of 500 g.
Since the above-mentioned integrated rare earth magnet can be obtained, the adhesive will not deteriorate due to ultraviolet rays, etc., and when bonded by CIP, the magnetic flux density will not decrease at the bonded surface, and the overall magnetic properties will be improved. It becomes a large, heavy, and uniform permanent magnet, and can be used in large accelerators for free electron lasers, etc., to improve performance. In addition, when producing large permanent magnets, the shrinkage caused by heat treatment is smoothly guided by a rotating body, so no cracks or warpage occur during heat treatment, resulting in large and heavy permanent magnets with good precision. can be used in accelerators to obtain highly accurate magnetic properties.
Claims (8)
、異方性を付与するために設けられた金型内のキャビテ
ィ部を通過する外部磁界方向に対して、垂直方向に加圧
成形して直方体ないしは一体の板状成形体となし、焼結
後において、その最短辺が５ｍｍ以上であり、且つ重量
が５００ｇ以上であることを特徴とする希土類永久磁石
。(1) Permanent magnet powder containing rare earth elements as a component is press-molded in a direction perpendicular to the direction of an external magnetic field passing through a cavity in a mold provided to impart anisotropy. 1. A rare earth permanent magnet formed into a rectangular parallelepiped or an integral plate-shaped molded body, which after sintering has a shortest side of 5 mm or more and a weight of 500 g or more.
項（１）に記載の希土類永久磁石。(2) The rare earth permanent magnet according to claim (1), wherein at least one side of the press-molded body is tapered.
ＳｍＣｏ＿５系、ＳｍＣｏ＿１＿７系、（Ｓｍ、Ｃｅ）
＿２Ｃｏ＿１＿７系、Ｎｄ−Ｆｅ−Ｂ系及び（Ｎｄ、Ｄ
ｙ）−Ｆｅ−Ｂ系で代表される内の１種であることを特
徴とする請求項（１）又は（２）に記載の希土類永久磁
石。(3) Permanent magnetic powder containing rare earth elements as a constituent is SmCo_5 series, SmCo_1_7 series, (Sm, Ce)
_2Co_1_7 system, Nd-Fe-B system and (Nd, D
The rare earth permanent magnet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rare earth permanent magnet is one of those represented by y)-Fe-B system.
磁気異方性焼結体の一体品であることを特徴とする希土
類永久磁石。(4) A rare earth permanent magnet, which has a shortest side of 5 mm or more, a weight of 500 g or more, and is an integral part of a magnetically anisotropic sintered body.
の希土類永久磁石。(5) The rare earth permanent magnet according to claim (4), which has a weight of 1000 g or more.
の希土類永久磁石。(6) The rare earth permanent magnet according to claim (4), which has a weight of 1500 g or more.
の希土類永久磁石。(7) The rare earth permanent magnet according to claim (4), which has a weight of 2000 g or more.
の希土類永久磁石。(8) The rare earth permanent magnet according to claim (4), which has a weight of 2500 g or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3466789A JPH02214105A (en) | 1989-02-14 | 1989-02-14 | Rare-earth permanent magnet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3466789A JPH02214105A (en) | 1989-02-14 | 1989-02-14 | Rare-earth permanent magnet |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9141227A Division JP2928494B2 (en) | 1997-05-30 | 1997-05-30 | Rare earth sintered magnet and manufacturing method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02214105A true JPH02214105A (en) | 1990-08-27 |
Family
ID=12420785
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3466789A Pending JPH02214105A (en) | 1989-02-14 | 1989-02-14 | Rare-earth permanent magnet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02214105A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110014149A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-07-16 | 南通国谊锻压机床有限公司 | A kind of rare earth permanent magnet molding machine |
-
1989
- 1989-02-14 JP JP3466789A patent/JPH02214105A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110014149A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-07-16 | 南通国谊锻压机床有限公司 | A kind of rare earth permanent magnet molding machine |
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