JPH02219976A - Dry control system for grain drier - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a drying control method for a grain dryer.

Conventional technology Conventionally, there was a drying chamber in which grains were dried by passing hot air through a burner while flowing down, and a hot air temperature in this drying chamber was detected to detect the temperature of the hot air before ventilation and the temperature of the exhaust air discharged outside the machine after ventilation. A temperature sensor, an exhaust air temperature sensor, and a moisture sensor for detecting grain moisture during drying are provided, and the hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor is controlled to be the same as the set hot air temperature, and the hot air temperature is The temperature of the grains being dried is calculated from the hot air temperature detected by the sensor and the exhaust air temperature detected by the Makoto exhaust air temperature sensor, and the hot air temperature is adjusted so that the calculated grain temperature does not rise above the set grain temperature. This method controls drying by controlling the temperature of the grains, and if a malfunction occurs in the hot air temperature sensor and the exhaust air temperature sensor during this drying operation and the hot air temperature and exhaust air temperature are no longer detected, drying of the grains is stopped. It was a drying control method.

Problems to be solved by the invention While the grains are repeatedly circulated as they are fed out and flowed down inside the drying chamber,
The hot air generated from the burner passes through the drying chamber, and the grains flowing down the drying chamber are exposed to the hot air and dried. When the moisture sensor detects the same grain moisture as the finishing target moisture, the grains are Stop grain drying.

During this drying, the hot air temperature is controlled so that the hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor is the same as the set hot air temperature, and the hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor and the exhaust air temperature detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor are controlled. The temperature of the grains during drying is calculated based on the air temperature, and the hot air temperature is controlled so that the calculated grain temperature does not rise above the set grain temperature to control the drying of the grains. When a malfunction occurs in the hot air temperature sensor and exhaust air temperature sensor and the hot air temperature and exhaust air temperature are no longer detected, drying of grains is stopped. Even if the hot air temperature is detected, the control hot air temperature and control exhaust air temperature corresponding to the detected hot air temperature and the detected exhaust air temperature are calculated, and the drying of grains is continuously controlled using the calculated control hot air temperature and control exhaust air temperature. It is an attempt to do so.

Means for Solving the Problems Regarding the Invention of Claim 1 This invention provides a drying chamber (2) in which grains are dried by passing hot air from a burner (1) while flowing down, and a drying chamber (2) in which the grains are dried by ventilation. Hot air temperature sensor to detect the previous hot air temperature (
3), an exhaust air temperature sensor (4) that detects the temperature of the exhaust air ventilated through this drying room (2) and exhausted outside the machine, and a moisture sensor (5) that detects the moisture content of the grains during drying. In the provided grain dryer, when the exhaust air temperature is not detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor (4), the hot air temperature is detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3), and the moisture sensor (5) is detected. Drying control is performed by calculating a controlled exhaust air temperature corresponding to the exhaust air temperature based on the grain moisture, or the exhaust air humidity of the exhaust air is calculated in addition to the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (5). The drying control method is characterized in that the control exhaust air temperature corresponding to the exhaust air temperature is calculated based on the exhaust air humidity detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor (6) that detects the exhaust air humidity, and the drying control is performed.

Effect of the invention While the grains are repeatedly circulated in the drying chamber (2) and flowing down, the hot air generated from the burner (1) flows into the drying chamber (2).
), the grains flowing down in the drying chamber (2) are exposed to this hot air and dried, and when the moisture sensor (5) detects the same grain moisture as the finishing target moisture, the grains are stop drying.

During this drying, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (1) before being ventilated into the drying chamber (2) is detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3), and the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (1) is detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3). The temperature of the exhaust air discharged to the air is detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor (4), and the exhaust air humidity is detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor (6). The temperature of the grain is calculated, the calculated grain temperature is compared with the set grain temperature, and the hot air temperature is controlled so that the calculated grain temperature does not rise above the set grain temperature. is dried, but if the exhaust air temperature is no longer detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor (4) during this drying, the detected hot air temperature and the detected grain moisture will cause the controlled exhaust air to correspond to this exhaust air temperature. The wind temperature is calculated, and the grain temperature is calculated as described above using the calculated control exhaust air temperature and the detected hot air temperature, and the hot air temperature is controlled based on the calculated grain temperature and the set grain temperature. The grains are dried while the grains are being dried, or a controlled exhaust air temperature corresponding to this exhaust air temperature is calculated based on the detected exhaust air humidity and the detected grain moisture, and the calculated controlled exhaust air temperature is detected. The grain temperature is calculated as described above based on the hot air temperature, and the grains are dried while the hot air temperature is controlled based on the calculated grain temperature and the set grain temperature.

Effects of the Invention With this invention, even when a malfunction occurs in the exhaust air temperature sensor (4) that detects the exhaust air temperature during drying work and the exhaust air temperature is no longer detected, the hot air temperature sensor (3) can still detect the exhaust air temperature. Depending on the hot air temperature, the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (5), the exhaust air humidity detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor (6), etc.
A controlled exhaust air temperature corresponding to this exhaust air temperature is calculated, and grain drying control is performed based on this calculated controlled exhaust air temperature, so that drying can be completed within a predetermined time. Since a predetermined grain temperature can be ensured, no copper agent is generated in the grains.

Means for Solving the Problems Regarding the Invention of Claim 2 This invention provides a drying chamber (2) in which grains are dried by passing hot air from a burner (1) while flowing down, and a drying chamber (2) in which the grains are dried by ventilation. Hot air temperature sensor to detect the previous hot air temperature (
3) This drying room (2) is equipped with an exhaust air temperature sensor (4) that detects the temperature of the exhaust air discharged outside the machine after ventilation, and a moisture sensor (5) that detects the moisture content of the grains during drying. In the grain dryer, when the hot air temperature sensor (3) does not detect the hot air temperature, the exhaust air temperature detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor (4) and the temperature detected by the moisture sensor (5) are Drying control is performed by calculating a controlled hot air temperature corresponding to the true hot air temperature based on the grain moisture, or the humidity of the exhaust air is detected in addition to the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (5). The drying control method is characterized in that drying control is performed by calculating the control hot air temperature corresponding to the hot air temperature based on the exhaust air humidity detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor (6).

Effect of the invention While the grains are repeatedly circulated in the drying chamber (2) and flowing down, the hot air generated from the burner (1) flows into the drying chamber (2).
), the grains dripping in the drying chamber (2) are exposed to this hot air and dried, and when the moisture sensor 5) detects grain moisture equal to the finishing target moisture, the grains are stop drying.

During this drying, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (1) before being ventilated into the drying chamber (2) is detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3), and the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (1) is detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3). The temperature of the exhaust air discharged to the air is detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor (4), and the humidity of the exhaust air is detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor (6), and the detected hot air temperature and the set hot air temperature are compared. If the hot air temperature is different, the grains are dried while being controlled so that the temperature is the same as the set hot air temperature, but if the hot air temperature is no longer detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3) during this drying, it is detected. A control hot air temperature corresponding to this hot air temperature is calculated based on the exhaust air temperature and the detected grain moisture, and the calculated control hot air temperature and the set hot air temperature are compared as described above to determine which set hot air temperature is different. Either the grains are dried without being controlled to the same temperature as the temperature, or the controlled hot air temperature corresponding to this hot air temperature is calculated from the detected exhaust air humidity and the detected grain moisture. The controlled hot air temperature and the set hot air temperature are compared as described above, and the grains are dried while being controlled to have the same temperature as the different set hot air temperature.

Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, even when a malfunction occurs in the hot air temperature sensor (3) that detects the hot air temperature during drying work and the hot air temperature is no longer detected, the exhaust air temperature sensor (4) detects the hot air temperature. Depending on the wind temperature, grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (5), exhaust air humidity detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor (6), etc.
A control hot air temperature that is half of this hot air temperature is calculated, and grain drying control is performed based on this calculated control hot air temperature, so that drying can be completed within a predetermined time, and the drying can be completed within a predetermined time. By ensuring the hot air temperature, stable grain drying is possible.

Embodiment On the farm side, (7) is a grain dryer, and the machine wall (8) of this dryer (7) has a rectangular shape long in the front and back direction, and consists of front and rear wall plates and left and right wall plates. A burner case (lO) containing an operating device (9) for starting and stopping the dryer (7) and a burner (1) is installed on this front wall plate, and the outside of the lower plate of this burner case (10) is A fuel pump (11) having a fuel valve is provided, and the fuel tank (12) is opened and closed by the fuel pump (11) by opening and closing the fuel valve.
The structure is such that fuel is sucked in and supplied to the burner (1), and a blower (13) and a variable speed motor (14) are installed on the outside of the upper plate.
), and the blower (13) is rotationally driven by the rotation of the variable speed motor (14) to supply combustion air commensurate with the amount of fuel to be supplied to the burner (1). The configuration includes an exhaust fan (15) and a motor (16).

A grain collection gutter (17) equipped with a transfer spiral in the front and back direction is provided in the center of the lower part of the machine wall (8), and this grain collection 1 (1
7) On the upper side, drying chambers (2) formed between ventilation networks are arranged in parallel and communicated with each other, and at the bottom of this drying chamber (2), a feeding valve (20) for feeding and flowing grains is installed. A hot air chamber (18) is formed between the inner sides of each of the drying chambers (2) and communicates with the burner (1). The configuration includes a hot air temperature sensor (3) that detects the temperature of hot air, and an exhaust chamber (19) is formed outside each drying chamber (2), and a The exhaust fan (15) is connected to the exhaust fan (15), and each exhaust chamber (19) includes an exhaust air temperature sensor (4) that detects the temperature of the exhaust air passing through the exhaust chamber (19). The configuration includes an exhaust air humidity sensor (6) that detects wind humidity, and the motor (16) operates the transfer spiral and each delivery valve (
20) and the exhaust fan (15).

A storage chamber (21) is formed above each of the drying chambers (2) and communicated with each other, and a ceiling plate (23) and a transfer gutter (24) equipped with a transfer spiral are provided above the storage chamber (21). This transfer @ (24) In the central part, the transferred grain is stored in this storage chamber (21)
A diffusion plate (2) is provided below the supply port to uniformly diffuse and return grains into the storage chamber (21).
5).

The grain elevating machine (26) is installed on the side of the front wall plate, and inside thereof, a packet conveyor (27) belt is stretched between the upper and lower pulleys, and between the upper end and the starting end of the mistransfer gutter (24). is provided with a discharging tube (28) to communicate with the lower end and the grain collecting @ (1
7) A supply @ (29) is provided between the terminal end and the motor (3) is connected, and a motor (3
0), and this motor (30) rotates the packet conveyor (27) belt, the transfer spiral in the transfer gutter (24), the diffusion plate (25), etc., and the vertical direction is A moisture sensor (5) is installed in the center of the machine to receive grains that fall while being conveyed to the upper part of the packet conveyor (27), crush the grains under pressure, and simultaneously detect moisture in the crushed grains. This moisture sensor (5) has a built-in motor (31) that rotationally drives each part of the second moisture sensor (5).

The operating device (9) is box-shaped, and on the surface plate of the box body are installed start switches (32) for starting and stopping the dryer (7) for each of drying and discharging operations. A stop switch (33), each temperature setting airflow (34) in which the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (1) is set depending on the operating position, and a moisture setting airflow (35) in which the service target moisture content is set depending on the operating position. ), a display window (36) that alternately displays grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (5), hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3), remaining drying time, etc.
The structure includes a drying control device (37) and a combustion control device (38), and each setting (34) and (35) is controlled by a rotary switch. The configuration is such that a predetermined numerical value is set depending on the operating position.

The combustion control device (38) includes the hot air temperature sensor (3).
, the exhaust air temperature sensor (4) and the exhaust air humidity sensor (
6) A-D converter (
39), an input circuit (40) into which the converted value converted by this A-D converter (39) is input, and each switch (32).
), (33) and an input circuit (41) into which the temperature setting operation (34) is input, and each of these input circuits (40)
, (41) A CPU that calculates various input values, performs logical operations, comparison operations, etc. (42), this CPU
The configuration includes an output rg circuit 43) that receives various commands from (42) and outputs them.

The drying control bag R (37) is equipped with an A-D converter that converts the detection value detected by the moisture sensor (5) from A to D.
- an input circuit into which the converted value converted by the D converter is input;
an input circuit into which the operation of the moisture setting wax (35) is input; the CPU (42) which performs calculations, logical operations, comparison operations, etc. on various input values input from each of these input circuits;
The configuration includes an output circuit that receives various commands from the CPU (42) and outputs them.

The combustion control by the combustion control bag Wt (38) is such that the hot air temperature (TB) detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3) and the exhaust air temperature (TC) detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor (4) are controlled by the CPU. (42), and the kernel temperature during drying is detected by this CPU (42) based on the detected hot air temperature (TB) and exhaust air temperature (TC). The grain temperature is compared with the grain temperature set and stored in the CPU (42), and if there is a difference, the number of times the fuel valve is opened and closed is controlled so that the temperature becomes the same as the set grain temperature. The amount of fuel taken in by the fuel pump (11) is controlled by this combustion control device (38), and the hot air temperature (TB) detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3) is controlled by the combustion control device (38).
) and the hot air temperature (TB') set by operating the temperature setting controller (34) are compared, and if there is a difference, the temperature is set to be the same as this set hot air temperature (TB').
The number of times the fuel valve opens and closes is controlled, and the fuel pump (1
In this configuration, the amount of fuel taken in in step 1) is controlled by this combustion control device (38).

If the exhaust air temperature sensor (4) fails to detect the exhaust air temperature (TC) due to a malfunction such as wire breakage during this combustion control, the controlled exhaust air temperature (TC) corresponding to this exhaust air temperature (TC)
A) is calculated by the following formula (A), where: Control exhaust air temperature (TCA) = Hot air temperature (TB) X coefficient of variation (A)... (A) For example, the moisture sensor (5) detects The grain moisture content is 2
0%, the hot air temperature (TB) detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3) is 50°C, and the exhaust air humidity sensor (6)
) is 70%, as shown in Figure 5, the variation coefficient (
A) is controlled by this CPU (42) to determine the hot air temperature (TB)
The configuration is such that 0.68 is selected from 50°C and 20% grain moisture, and is calculated as follows by substituting it into the above formula (a). Control exhaust air temperature (TCA) = 50 Xo, 68 = 34°C
Either the temperature of the grains being dried is calculated based on the calculated controlled exhaust air temperature (TCA) of 34°C and the detected hot air temperature (TB) of 50°C, or the following formula (b) and the above formula (i) are used. ) is configured to calculate the controlled exhaust air temperature (TCA), where exhaust air humidity (TV) = hot air temperature (TB) X coefficient of variation (
B)...(B) Detected grain moisture 20% and detected exhaust air humidity (TV) 7
0%, as shown in FIG. 6, the coefficient of variation (B) set and stored in the CPU (42) is selected to be 1.3 based on the exhaust air humidity of 70% and the grain moisture of 20%, The above formula (a),
(B) is calculated as follows, Controlled exhaust air temperature (TCA) / Coefficient of variation (A) = Exhaust air humidity (
TV) / Coefficient of variation (B) Controlled exhaust air temperature (TCA) = Exhaust air humidity (TV) / Coefficient of variation (B) X Coefficient of variation (A) Controlled exhaust air temperature (TCA) 70/1.3 Xo, 68 =
36.6°C The control exhaust air temperature (TCA) 34°C and 36.6°C calculated using formulas (a) and (b) are calculated by the CPU (42).
The configuration is such that the control exhaust air temperature (TCA) is calculated by substituting it into the following formula with the weight (W) set and stored in )+(1-(W))X
(b) 1 by formula calculation! Controlled exhaust air temperature (TCA) Controlled exhaust air temperature (TCA) =0.7 X34+(1-0,7)
X36.6 -35°C The temperature of the grains being dried is calculated based on the calculated controlled exhaust air temperature (T(J35°C) and the detected hot air temperature (TB) 50°C.

Also, if the hot air temperature sensor (3) fails to detect the hot air temperature (TB) due to a problem such as disconnection during this combustion control, the control hot air temperature (T) corresponding to this hot air temperature (TB)
BA) is calculated by the following formula (c), where: Control hot air temperature (TBA) = Exhaust air temperature (TC,) / Coefficient of variation (C) (c) For example, if the moisture sensor (5) Detected grain moisture 20
%, the exhaust air temperature detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor (4) is 32°C, and the exhaust air humidity detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor (6) is 75%, as shown in FIG. Said CPU
The coefficient of variation (C) set and stored in (42) is this C
According to PU (42), 0.62 is selected from the exhaust air temperature (TO) of 32°C and grain moisture of 20%, and is substituted into the above equation (c) to calculate as follows. Control hot air temperature (TDA) =3210.62=51.6
℃ This calculated control hot air temperature (TBA) 5:L. 6℃ and the set hot air temperature (TB”) are compared, and this 51
．． 6℃ is the same as the set hot air temperature (TB'), or the controlled hot air temperature (TBA) is calculated by the following formula (d), and the controlled hot air temperature (TBA) is the same as the set hot air temperature (TB'). ) = Exhaust air humidity (T'/) / Coefficient of variation (D)... (d) Detected grain moisture 20% Detected exhaust air humidity (TV) 75
%, the variation coefficient set and stored in the CPU (42) is selected as 1.44 as shown in FIG. 8, and the above formula (d)
Control hot air temperature (TBA) = 75/1.44 = 52°C Control hot air temperature (TBA) 5 calculated using formulas (c) and (d)
It is configured to calculate by substituting 1.6°C and 52°C into the following formula with weights set and stored in the PU (42), Control hot air temperature (TBA) = (w) x ( C) Control hot air temperature (TBA) + (1-(W)) calculated by formula
Controlled hot air temperature (TBA) by formula calculation Controlled hot air temperature (TBA) = 0.7
52=51.72℃ This calculated 5N, 72℃ and the set hot air temperature (TB'
) is compared, and this 51°72°C is the set hot air temperature (T
This is a configuration in which the temperature is controlled to be the same as that of B').

In addition, this controlled hot air temperature (TrlA) of 51.72°C is
Corrected with the correction coefficient 0.9 set and stored in PU (42), it was calculated as 51.75°C x 0.9 = 46°5°C, and this calculated 46.5°C and the set hot air temperature (TB'
) is compared, and this 46.5℃ is the set hot air temperature (TB
”) may be controlled to have the same temperature.

The drying control by the drying control device (37) is performed when the moisture sensor (5) detects the same grain moisture as the finishing target moisture set by operating the moisture setting strainer (35). (37) automatically controls the dryer (
7) is configured to automatically stop.

Hereinafter, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

Operate each setting knob (34), (35) of the operating device (9) to a predetermined position, and press the start switch (3) to start the drying operation.
2), each part of the grain dryer (7),
The burner (1), moisture sensor (5), etc. start, and hot air is generated from this burner (1), and the second hot air is sent to the hot air chamber (18).
This dryer (
7) The grains housed in the storage chamber (21) are exposed to this hot air and dried while flowing down in the drying chamber (2), and are fed out to the lower part by the feeding valve (20) and flowed down. Grain gathering @ (1
7) and from this collection 1 (17) to the supply gutter (
29) and into the grain hoisting machine (26) by the lower transfer spiral, and then conveyed to the upper part by the packet conveyor (27) and thrown out! (28) and is supplied into transport+ii (24), and this transport! (24) onto the diffusion plate (25) by the upper transfer spiral, and is evenly diffused and reduced into the storage chamber (21) by this diffusion plate (25), and is circulated and dried. ) detects the same grain moisture as the finishing target moisture set by operating the moisture setting strainer (35), the drying control device (37) of the vi operating device (9) automatically controls the drying machine ( 7) to automatically stop.

Exhaust air temperature sensor (
If a problem occurs in 4) and this exhaust air temperature is no longer detected, the controlled exhaust air temperature corresponding to the second exhaust air temperature will be changed to the hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3) and the moisture sensor (5).
) is detected by the grain moisture and the exhaust air humidity detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor (6), and the grain temperature during drying is calculated from the calculated control exhaust air temperature and the detected hot air temperature, This controlled exhaust air temperature is compared with a set grain temperature, and the temperature generated from the burner (1) is controlled to dry the grains.

In addition, if a malfunction occurs in the hot air temperature sensor (3) that detects the hot air temperature and the hot air temperature is no longer detected, the control hot air temperature corresponding to this hot air temperature will be changed to the exhaust air temperature sensor (3).
4), the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (5), the exhaust humidity detected by the exhaust humidity sensor (6), etc., and the calculated control hot air temperature and settings. The temperature of the hot air is compared with that of the hot air, and the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (1) is controlled to dry the grains.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a block diagram, Fig. 2 is an overall side view of the dryer that can be partially cut away, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of A and -A in Fig. 2. , Fig. 4 is an enlarged partially cutaway front view of a part of the dryer, Fig. 5 is a diagram of the relationship between hot air temperature, grain moisture, and coefficient of variation, and Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between exhaust air humidity and grain moisture. Figure 7 shows the relationship between the coefficient of variation and the exhaust air humidity.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between exhaust air humidity, grain moisture, and coefficient of variation. In the figure, (1) is the burner, (2) is the drying chamber, (3) is the hot air temperature sensor, (4) is the exhaust air temperature sensor, (5) is the moisture sensor, and (6) is the exhaust air humidity sensor. show.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A drying chamber (2) in which grains are dried by blowing hot air from a burner (1) while flowing down, and a hot air temperature sensor that detects the hot air temperature before blowing through this drying chamber (2). (3), an exhaust air temperature sensor (4) that detects the temperature of the exhaust air ventilated through this drying chamber (2) and exhausted outside the machine, and a moisture sensor (5) that detects the moisture content of the grains during drying. In a grain dryer equipped with The drying control is performed by calculating the control exhaust air temperature corresponding to the exhaust air temperature based on the grain moisture, or the exhaust air temperature is calculated based on the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (5). A drying control method characterized by performing drying control by calculating the control exhaust air temperature corresponding to the exhaust air temperature based on the exhaust air humidity detected by an exhaust air humidity sensor (6) that detects humidity. 2. A drying chamber (2) in which the grains are dried by passing hot air through the burner (1) while flowing down, a hot air temperature sensor (3) that detects the temperature of the hot air before ventilation in this drying chamber (2), and a A grain dryer equipped with a chamber (2), an exhaust air temperature sensor (4) that detects the temperature of the exhaust air discharged outside the machine after ventilation, and a moisture sensor (5) that detects the moisture content of the grains during drying. In this case, when the hot air temperature is not detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3), the temperature is determined by the exhaust air temperature detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor (4) and the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (5). Drying control is performed by calculating a control hot air temperature corresponding to the hot air temperature, or an exhaust air humidity sensor (5) that detects exhaust air humidity in addition to the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (5) is used. 6) A drying control method characterized in that drying is controlled by calculating the controlled hot air temperature corresponding to the hot air temperature based on the exhaust air humidity detected by 6).