JPH02225005A - Surface forming method of concrete product - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize the displaying surface, the strength of which is high and the presented color of which is natural color, by a method wherein at first clay is laid on a face pallet so as to be embedded with lumps of stone of various sizes and filled with particle sands among projected lumps of stone in order to produce the displaying surface. CONSTITUTION:Proper amount of kneaded soft clay D is fed onto a face pallet 8 having an arbitrary shape so as to provided a clay layer over the whole surface of the pallet. Lumps of stone S of various sizes to form the surface of a concrete manufacture B are fed on the laid clay. By lowering a cylinder 16, the lumps of stone, which are fed on the clay layer previously fed onto the face pallet, are pressed with moderator so as to embed the lower surface parts of the lumps of stone in the clay by applying vibration. Particle sands are filled in gaps, which are formed among the projected surface of the lumps of stone embedded in the clay layers on the face pallet above a displaying stone surface. By pressing the surfaces of the lumps of stone from above with the moderator, the particle sands are embedded in the clay layer of the gaps among the lumps of stone through the vibration developed by a vibrator 7. After the face pallet, which is processed and formed as described above, is internally arranged on the bottom part of an integral frame or a frame 25, which is horizontally opened and split, a fixed quantity of concrete is charged in the frame so as to compactingly form it through the vibration and pressing.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is a method of embedding blocks of natural stone or artificial stone and granular sand into the surface forming the decorative surface of a concrete product to create irregularities and colors. This article relates to a surface forming method for concrete products that exposes a surface made of natural stone and granular sand, and that allows moss, grass, etc. to grow depending on the place and environment in which the product is used.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional concrete products, such as stacked blocks used for retaining walls, etc., are processed in this way by attaching irregular shaped plates made of resin or rubber to the surface pallets during the forming process to match the location and environment in which they are used. A decorative surface pallet was used to form the decorative surface of a concrete block.

Furthermore, in order to make the surface of the block resemble a natural stone shape, after the concrete had hardened, the block was broken into two parts, and the broken surface was used as the surface to form a natural stone shape.

[Problem that the invention sought to solve]

However, in either method, the surface of the Conc+7 product is the exposed surface of concrete or mortar, which has low strength, high water absorption, and is inferior in design. It weathers easily and corrodes, causing severe deterioration, and damage caused by repeated freezing and thawing of water absorption, so-called frost damage, was a major drawback, especially in cold regions.

[Means to solve the problem]

The decorative surface forming the surface of the concrete product of the present invention is
In the forming process, clay is first placed on a surface pallet, and then stone blocks and granular sand are placed on the pallet and molded, so the surface has a natural stone surface and a natural granular sand surface with no exposed concrete or mortar. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a concrete product that has a high strength on its surface and exhibits natural colors.

[For production]

The surface of the concrete product of the present invention is created by first placing clay on a surface pallet during the forming process, then embedding stone blocks of a mixture of sizes, and filling the spaces between these protruding stone blocks with granular sand. The surface of the concrete molded to form a surface pallet for decorative surface molding has no exposed concrete or mortar at all, but stones and granular sand are exposed, and there is also some clay on this exposed surface. In order to adhere to the surface, the exposed surface hardens further and becomes a dense surface, which increases strength and has low water absorption.It has an excellent effect not found in conventional concrete products, and it also has the ability to remove moss, grass, etc. from clay. If fertilizer elements such as fungi or organic waste are mixed in for growth, moss and buds will grow from the clay attached to the surface, which will also have a vegetation effect.

The clay that is placed on the surface pallet contains a large amount of water and has a good curing effect, and it is easy to peel off the surface pallet after curing because the clay layer inside the surface pallet dries completely. The surface pallet can be separated from the granular sand layer and stone block surface and peeled off.

〔Example〕

To explain the surface forming method of a concrete product of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 shows the surface (decorative surface) of a concrete product B formed by the method of the present invention, and this decorative surface is a surface pallet). Therefore, the decorative material piled up is formed integrally with the concrete poured into the formwork. L-8 in the figure is a large stone block, 8
-8 are small stone blocks that are evenly scattered and embedded on the surface of the concrete product. C is granular sand, which is filled between the stone blocks scattered over the surface, and therefore the surface of this concrete product B has no exposed surface of the concrete that was put in during molding, and the entire surface is made of stone blocks and granular sand. It is formed only by

Figure 2 Below, to explain the molding method of the present invention, Figures 2 and 3 show a clay supply device that supplies an appropriate amount of mixed soft clay to a surface pallet (8) of any shape to form a clay layer over the entire surface. FIG. 2 is a side sectional view, and FIG. 3 is a front view.

The reference numeral (1) in the figure is a clay storage hopper that stirs the clay into a soft state, and the reference numeral (1)' indicates a clay stirring blade. (
2) The clay extrusion cylinder (2)' installed at the bottom of the whirling hopper (1) is a piston cylinder that stores clay from the hopper into the cylinder (2) when retracting, and closes the supply port of the hopper when extruding. do.

(3) is the outlet opening/closing plate mounting shaft that is screwed onto the front end of the piston (2)', and (3)' is the opening/closing plate that opens and closes the clay outlet and is inserted into the front end of the mounting shaft (3). . (3Y' is a spring that presses the opening/closing plate (3)', and automatically adjusts the engagement between the discharge port and the opening/closing plate to close the discharge of clay. (4) operates the clay extrusion piston/ This operating cylinder is installed on both sides of the clay supply cylinder, and the rod tip is connected to the rear end of the clay extrusion piston. (5) is a surface pallet rapid advance chain conveyor;
6) is a diaphragm that vibrates the surface pallet, and (7) is a vibrator. (8) is a surface pallet and a chain conveyor (5
), a certain amount of clay is supplied below the clay supply cylinder (2) and instantaneously formed into a uniform layer by the vibrator (7).

Bacteria and seeds of moss and grass, organic waste, and the like may be mixed into the clay depending on the environment in which it is used.

Figures 4 and 5 show an embodiment of a stone block supply device in which a surface pallet (8) supplied with clay is conveyed on a chain conveyor (5) and transferred to the next stage. A side sectional view, and FIG. 5 shows a front sectional view. In the figure (9)
is a hopper that stores stone blocks S with large and small shapes that form the surface of concrete product B, (91' is a stone block feed rate adjusting plate installed below the hopper, and a [ is a quantification of stone blocks. A chain feeder is used to feed stone blocks from a discharge port α provided below at a speed of 1/α1'.

(11) is a stone block development box that accommodates a fixed amount of stone blocks from the discharge port at the bottom of the chie/feeder and spreads them evenly. (1
1)' is a vibrator installed on the side of the developing surface to instantly equalize the raised nine peaks of the nine stone blocks 8 within the surface. (l
lK' is a cylinder that advances the developing surface to the position of the surface pallet below and retreats again. α is an opening/closing plate installed at the bottom of the deployment surface that opens and closes to the left and right, and 0 country is a cylinder fixed to both sides of the deployment surface, and the tip of the rod is the opening/closing plate α2.
When the cylinder is activated, the opening/closing plate opens and the evenly spread stone blocks are delivered all at once onto the clay piled up on the surface pallet below. a4 is a loose body that moves up and down,
The surface of the stone block supplied from the development surface is pressed onto the clay layer of the surface pallet to create a uniform exposed stone surface. α
[Yes] The loose body I is mounted on a plate and is connected to the cylinder αe that moves up and down.

As the cylinder ae descends, the upper surface of the stone block that has been supplied onto the clay layer previously placed on the surface pallet is pressed with a loose body,
The lower part of the stone block is embedded in the clay by applying vibrations. A fixed amount of stone blocks is supplied onto the clay of this surface pallet, and the surface pallet with the exposed stone surface formed by the surface of the stone blocks embedded in the clay is transferred to the next granular sand supply device.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show examples of the granular sand supply device, with FIG. 6 being a side sectional view and FIG. 7 being a front sectional view.

This granular sand supply device has a mechanism similar to the two-speed stone block supply device shown in Figs. 4 and 5, and embeds the exposed stone surface into the clay layer of the surface pallet treated in Fig. 4-5. The purpose is to fill the gaps between the protruding surfaces of the nine stone blocks with granular sand. Referring to the symbols in the figure, αη is a granular sand storage hopper, and αη′ is a hopper installed below the hopper. This is a granular sand adjustment board. 08 is a chain feeder installed at the bottom of the hopper, and a fixed amount of granular sand is supplied according to the transfer of the surface pallet by the granular sand supply ch 7a installed at the bottom of this chain/feeder. It is a granular sand discharge port provided at the bottom of the chain feeder, and α9 is a granular sand spreading surface that accommodates a certain amount of granular sand that has been discharged. 0' is a granular sand spreading surface C1.
9 shows a vibrator installed on the side. The pallet is an opening/closing plate installed at the bottom of the pallet that can be opened and closed to the left and right, and it spreads out uniformly, opening the sand grains within the pallet to the left and right all at once, and supplying it to the gaps between the stone blocks on the pallet. Qυ is a cylinder installed on the left and right sides of the deployment surface, and the tip of the rod is an opening/closing plate (7)
The opening/closing plate opens and closes by operating the cylinder in conjunction with the operation of the cylinder. (21)' indicates a cylinder that advances and retreats the developed surface relative to the position of the surface pallet. @ is a loose body that presses the stone block surface from above and embeds granular sand on the clay layer in the voids between the stone blocks by the vibration of the vibrator (7).

(C) is a loose body mounting plate, and Q4 is a cylinder that moves the loose body (Co., Ltd.) up and down.

To explain the operation of this granular sand supply device, granular sand is stored from the granular sand hopper into the feeder α, and the granular sand is fed in accordance with the conveyance of the surface pallet of the granular sand speed-advancing chain a barrel′ inside the chain feeder. A certain amount of granular sand is placed at the bottom of the chain feeder, and is dropped into a developing box from the nine discharge ports, and the piled-up granular sand is spread out and leveled by a vibrator, and the developing box is advanced to a position above the surface pallet. Then, the opening/closing plate (a) suddenly opens to the left and right, allowing the granular sand to fall in its expanded state, filling the gaps between the exposed stone blocks, and lowering the loose body to press down on the top surface of the stone blocks. While doing so, the vibrator (7) is activated momentarily to embed the granular sand onto the clay layer. When the supply of granular sand to this surface pallet is completed, the surface pallet is sent to a molding machine and installed in a mold.

Figures 8, 9, and 10 are examples showing the shapes of molds of various molding machines, and are explanatory diagrams showing the state in which a surface pallet for surface formation treated by the method of the present invention is loaded therein. Fig. 8 shows an instant demolding formwork or integral formwork that opens and closes from side to side, and Fig. 9 shows an inverted demolding formwork.
Figure 0 shows formwork made of poured concrete.

In Fig. 8, (c) shows an integrated formwork or a formwork that opens and closes in parts on the left and right, (c) shows a vibrating pallet stand provided at the bottom of the formwork on which a surface pallet is placed, a vibrator is a vibrator, and a The press plate presses the concrete inside the formwork from above, and the kan is a cylinder that moves the press plate (c) up and down.

A surface pallet processed and formed by the method of the present invention is installed at the bottom of an integrated frame or a formwork that can be opened and closed left and right (c), and a certain amount of concrete is poured into the formwork and compacted by vibration and press. The surface of large and small stone blocks protruding from the clay layer of the pallet and the upper layer of granular sand are molded together with the concrete.

FIG. 9 shows an inverted de-deaf formwork, and (to) indicates the formwork. This formwork is a formwork that can be turned upside down to feed concrete, overturn the surface pallet, compact and form it by vibration and press, and then rotate the formwork in the normal direction to immediately demold the concrete together with the surface pallet downward. Gυ is the formwork reversal axis, C34 is the vibrator, C (3 is the press plate, and (b) is the cylinder that moves the press plate up and down.

In this reversible formwork, the formwork (end) is turned over, the surface layer is facing upwards, concrete is poured in, the press board is lowered once to form a round wire, and the surface pallet is placed on the top surface facing downwards. The upper surface of the flat pallet is pressed by a press plate, the vibrator is activated at the same time to compact it, and the formwork is rotated in the normal direction to demold the flat pallet downward.

Figure 10 shows a molding form made of poured concrete, where (to) is the formwork, (to) is the surface pallet, (to) is the diaphragm that also serves as the formwork mounting, and (to) is the vibration plate that gives vibration to the formwork. Machine, O
9? A reciprocating sliding plate is poured to smooth the upper surface of the concrete, the throat indicates a gentle pressure body, @υ is a plate to which a gentle pressure body is attached, and (6) is a cylinder that moves up and down.

The method for forming the surface of a concrete product according to the present invention has been described above. A concrete product is formed using a surface pallet treated according to the method of the present invention, and the surface pallet after curing is peeled off from the clay very easily and without difficulty. The stone block surface and granular sand surface that are in contact can be separated in a natural state, and the back side of the stone block and granular sand layer is embedded in the concrete and formed integrally with the concrete, so the exposed stone surface and granular sand layer are separated. The surface will not fall off. The adhesion of a small amount of clay to the granular sand layer increases the strength of the exposed granular sand surface and makes it denser, resulting in less water permeability.

In addition, vegetation is generated by mixing bacteria and seeds to grow moss, grass, etc. into clay, and in addition, organic waste from lumber milling, which is organic waste, is added to clay. Plants suitable for vegetation such as powdered sugar, raw sugar, tofu slag during rice milling, fiber slag during paper manufacturing, etc. can be mixed in.

〔effect〕

As mentioned above, in the method of the present invention, clay is piled up on a surface pallet to form the decorative surface of a concrete product to form the bottom layer, and stone blocks of various sizes are placed on top of it. The gaps between the stone blocks are filled with granular sand to form a surface pallet, which is placed in a formwork and compacted using vibration and press traps while concrete is being poured into the formwork. The stone block surface and the upper surface of the granular sand layer will be embedded in concrete. The surface of the concrete product after peeling off the pallet after curing and curing is rounded and cured.The surface of the concrete product consists of only the stone block surface and the granular sand surface.It has a beautiful design and no exposed concrete at all, forming a natural stone surface, and the granular sand surface. Because there is a small amount of clay attached to the surface, it hardens and becomes an extremely dense surface with low water permeability and strength, so there is no frost damage in cold regions, and the peeling of the surface pallet is caused by the clay layer and stone. Separation of the lump surface and granular sand surface is good and easy, and unlike conventional methods, the surface pallet is not forcibly hit and peeled off, eliminating deformation and damage of the surface pallet, and further preventing chipping and chipping of the surface of the product. It has the effect of not causing destruction.

Also, during curing, since the clay layer that is placed on the surface pallet contains moisture, the water evaporates in the curing device, which is kept at a constant temperature, increasing the curing effect and increasing the strength of concrete. has.

In addition, by mixing bacteria and seeds for vegetation in the clay, as well as organic waste that can be used as fertilizer, the clay that adheres to the surface of the concrete product has a number of effects such as vegetative action, albeit in small amounts. be.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the surface of a concrete product obtained by the method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of a clay supply device, and FIG. 3 is a front view thereof. FIG. 4 shows a side sectional view of the rock material supply device, and FIG. 5 shows a front sectional view thereof. FIG. 6 shows a side sectional view of the granular sand supply device, and FIG. 7 shows a front sectional view thereof. In addition, FIGS. 8, 9, and 10 are enlarged cross-sectional views of the molding frame. B... Concrete products JP... Stone block materials S-S...
・Pebble block material L-8...Large stone block material C...Grain sand D.
...Clay No. 1rIl

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first step of placing a clay layer on a surface pallet of arbitrary shape that forms the surface of a concrete product, and uniformly scattering and embedding stone blocks of mixed sizes on the clay layer. A concrete product forming machine is used to transfer the surface pallet with the surface material piled up, which consists of a second step and a third step of scattering and supplying an appropriate amount of granular sand to form a surface into the voids protruding above the clay layer between the stone blocks. When the concrete is supplied and formed, the stone blocks protruding above the surface pallet and the upper layer of granular sand are embedded in the filling concrete and formed integrally by vibration and pressure. A surface forming method for concrete products characterized by: 2. The method for forming the surface of a concrete product according to claim 1, wherein bacteria, seeds, etc. for growing moss, grass, etc., and organic waste are mixed into the clay when the clay is piled up on the surface pallet. 3. In the surface forming method for concrete products, after placing a clay layer in the pouring formwork, large and small stone blocks are uniformly scattered, a surface pallet filled with granular sand is installed, and the concrete is poured into the formwork. 3. A method for forming a surface of a concrete product according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the method comprises filling and forming a concrete product. 4. In the method for forming the surface of a concrete product, after the product is cured and hardened, the surface pallet is peeled off by separating the contact portion between the exposed stone surface and the exposed grain sand surface of the concrete product and the clay layer. A method for forming the surface of a concrete product as described in Section 3.