JPH02230397A - Testing device for scattered light type smoke sensor - Google Patents
Testing device for scattered light type smoke sensorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02230397A JPH02230397A JP1673790A JP1673790A JPH02230397A JP H02230397 A JPH02230397 A JP H02230397A JP 1673790 A JP1673790 A JP 1673790A JP 1673790 A JP1673790 A JP 1673790A JP H02230397 A JPH02230397 A JP H02230397A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light emitting
- light
- emitting element
- test
- smoke
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011990 functional testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010027175 memory impairment Diseases 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は、散乱光式煙感知器の試験装置に関するもの
である．
散乱光式煙感知器は、発光素子の投光面や光電素子の受
光面が汚れると失報を生じ、また、煙検出用暗箱内壁面
が汚れると誤報を生じる．そこで、散乱光式煙感知器は
、法令上定期的にその機能を点検することが義務づけら
れており、従来次の方法でその点検が行われている．即
ち、天井面などに設置されている煙感知器に加煙試験器
によって煙を加え煙感知器が所定時間内に動作するか否
かにより良否を判別する方法と、煙感知器を天井面から
取り外して煙感知器用感度試験器にセットし、この試験
器で煙検出感度が正常範囲内にあるか否か判別する方法
である．
しかし、前者では、煙怒知器の設置場所で加煙試験器を
操作する者と煙感知器が動作したか否かを受信機側で確
認判別する者との最低２名を必要とすると共に、煙感知
器の設置場所と受信機との間の連絡方法や加煙試験器か
ら発生する煙によって煙感知器が汚れてしまうなどの問
題がある．後者では、天井面などに設置された煙感知器
を１台１台取り外して検査を行うためその手間が大変で
あると共に、検査後の取り付け方が不十分で接触不良を
起こしたり、あるいは、付け忘れなどを生じたりする．
この発明は、上記の点に鑑み煙感知器の設置場所まで出
かけることなく受信機あるいは中継器の設置場所などか
ら遠隔操作でしかも１人の者で煙感知器の試験を行える
装置を提供することを目的とする．
他の目的は、煙感知器の試験を正確に行うと共に、試験
により煙感知器に支障が生じないようにすることを目的
とする．
本発明は、煙検出用発光素子と、該発光素子からの光を
直接受光せず煙による散乱光を受光する位置に設けた光
電素子を有する散乱光式煙感知器において，前記光電素
子に光を直接照射できる位置に試験用発光素子を設ける
と共に、該試験用発光素子を前記煙検出用発光素子と直
列に配設した発光回路を設け、前記発光回路に、試験゜
時には前記煙検出用発光素子のみに・発光電流を供給し
て発光させると共に試験時には前記煙検出用発光素子を
通じて前記試験用発光素子に発光電流を供給して両発光
素子を同時に発光させる発光制御回路を設けることによ
り前記目的を達成しようとするものである．
以下、本発明の第１実施例を図面により説明する．
第１図において、１は発光回路、２は煙検出用発光素子
であり、該煙検出用発光素子２の光は煙に当たって乱反
射し、その光を煙検出用光電素子３により受光する．煙
検出用光電素子３は、切替スイッチ５を介して増幅回路
７に接続し、更に、該増幅回路７をスイッチング回路９
に接続する．煙検出用発光素子２と煙検出用光電素子３
との間には遮光板４を設け、煙検出用光電素子３が煙検
出用発光素子２の光を直接受けないようにする．８は試
験用光電素子で煙検出用発光素子２の光出力を直接受光
でき、かつ外光の影響を受けない位置に設ける．
試験用光電素子８は切替スイッチ６および切替スイ・ソ
チ５を介して前記煙検出用光学系の増幅回路７に接続す
る．
次に、この実施例の１ヤ動につき説明すると、火災監視
時リレーなどで構成される切替スイッチ５は，接点５ａ
に接続されており、埋検出用発光素子２が発行する毎（
パルス発光方式の場合で、連続発光式の場合には常時）
に図示しない暗箱内壁面で乱反射光（内部ノイズ光）が
発生し、煙検出用光電素子３がこの内部ノイズ光を受光
してノイズ光出力を生じ、この出力のみが増幅回路７に
入力する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a test device for a scattered light type smoke detector. Scattered light smoke detectors can cause false alarms if the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element or the light-receiving surface of the photoelectric element becomes dirty, and false alarms can occur if the inner wall of the dark box for smoke detection becomes dirty. Therefore, the functions of scattered light smoke detectors are required to be periodically inspected by law, and inspections are conventionally performed using the following method. In other words, there is a method in which smoke is applied to a smoke detector installed on the ceiling etc. using a smoke tester, and the pass or fail is determined by whether the smoke detector operates within a predetermined time. This method involves removing it and setting it in a smoke detector sensitivity tester, and using this tester to determine whether the smoke detection sensitivity is within the normal range. However, the former requires at least two people: a person who operates the smoke tester at the smoke detector installation location, and a person who checks and determines whether the smoke detector is working at the receiver side. There are problems such as the communication method between the smoke detector installation location and the receiver, and smoke detectors becoming dirty due to smoke generated from the smoke tester. In the latter case, the smoke detectors installed on the ceiling etc. must be removed one by one for inspection, which is time-consuming and may result in poor contact due to insufficient installation after the inspection. This may cause forgetfulness. In view of the above points, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device that allows one person to test a smoke detector by remote control from the installation location of a receiver or repeater without having to go to the installation location of the smoke detector. With the goal. The other purpose is to test smoke detectors accurately and to ensure that the tests do not cause any problems with the smoke detectors. The present invention provides a scattered light type smoke sensor that includes a light emitting element for smoke detection and a photoelectric element provided at a position that does not directly receive light from the light emitting element but receives light scattered by smoke. A test light emitting element is provided at a position where it can directly irradiate the light, and a light emitting circuit is provided in which the test light emitting element is arranged in series with the smoke detection light emitting element, and the light emitting circuit is connected to the smoke detection light emitting element during the test. The above objective is achieved by providing a light emission control circuit that supplies light emitting current only to the element to cause it to emit light, and at the time of testing, supplies light emitting current to the test light emitting element through the smoke detection light emitting element to cause both light emitting elements to emit light at the same time. This is what we are trying to achieve. A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, 1 is a light emitting circuit, and 2 is a smoke detection light emitting element. Light from the smoke detection light emitting element 2 hits smoke and is diffusely reflected, and the light is received by a smoke detection photoelectric element 3. The smoke detection photoelectric element 3 is connected to an amplifier circuit 7 via a changeover switch 5, and the amplifier circuit 7 is further connected to a switching circuit 9.
Connect to. Smoke detection light emitting element 2 and smoke detection photoelectric element 3
A light shielding plate 4 is provided between the smoke detection photoelectric element 3 and the smoke detection light emitting element 2 to prevent it from directly receiving light from the smoke detection light emitting element 2. Reference numeral 8 denotes a photoelectric element for testing, which is installed in a position where it can directly receive the light output of the light emitting element 2 for smoke detection and is not affected by external light. The test photoelectric element 8 is connected to the amplifier circuit 7 of the smoke detection optical system via the changeover switch 6 and the changeover switch 5. Next, to explain one action of this embodiment, the changeover switch 5 composed of a fire monitoring relay etc. has a contact 5a.
, and every time the light-emitting element 2 for buried detection issues (
(In case of pulsed emission type, always in case of continuous emission type)
Diffusely reflected light (internal noise light) is generated on the inner wall surface of the dark box (not shown), and the smoke detection photoelectric element 3 receives this internal noise light to generate a noise light output, and only this output is input to the amplifier circuit 7.
暗箱内（図示しない》に煙が（受入すると、煙による散
乱光が生じ煙検出用光電素子３は内部ノイズ光の受光出
力に煙による散乱光受光出力を加えた受光出力を生じ、
この受光出力が火災レベルに達するとスイッチング回路
９が動（％ Ｌて火災信号を送出する．
これが煙感知器の正常な状態である．
仮に、この感知器が１０％の煙濃度で火災信号を送出し
、内部ノイズ光の強さが５％の煙濃変の量に相当するも
のとすると正常時には第２図（イ）に示すように内部ノ
イズ光Ｎは５％であるので、煙Ｊ Ｑｊ Ｓが１０％に
達するとその和は１５Ｘとなり火災レベルに達し、スイ
ッチング回路９が動作して火災信号を送出する．しかし
、煙検出用光電素子３の受光面が汚れるなどして第２図
（口》に示すように内部ノイズ光Ｎの受光出力が２５％
に低下すると、受光出力が火災レベルに達するには煙濃
度Ｓが１２５％（実際には汚染による減少分を必要とす
るので１２．５％以上）必要となり、また、晴箱内壁面
が汚れるなどして第２図（ハ》に示すように内部ノイズ
光Ｎが７．５％に増加すると，煙濃度Ｓが７．５％で受
光出力は火災レベルに達する．そこで、内部ノイズ光の
煙濃度換算値５％を正常状態の基準レベルとし．その±
２．５％つまり５±２５％の範囲内を正常レベル範囲と
し、内部ノイズ光が煙濃度換算値２．５％以下（正常レ
ベル下限値）となったとき失報状態とし、また、内部ノ
イズ光が煙濃度換算値７．５％以上（正常レベル上限鎮
》となったとき、誤報状態とし、更に内部ノイズ光が正
常レベルの下限直と上限値との間にあるとき．正常状態
とする．この状態を判別するため不１ｖ−動試験および
作動試験をする．即ち、図示しない受ｌｉ機または中継
器からの制御命令等により、切替スイッチ５は接点５ｂ
に接続され、増幅回路７には試験用光電素子８出力と煙
検出用光電素子３出力が加算された合成受光出力が入力
し増幅された後スイッチング回路９に出力する．このと
き、光電素子に例えば太陽電池を使用すると、第１図中
リレーなどで構成される切替スイ・ｌチ６の接点６ａ、
６ｂに抵抗値の異なる抵抗Ｒ， ．Ｒ２を接続し、切替
スイッチ６により各々切り替えることにより試験用光電
素子８出力を調整する．不ｆ％動試験時には、内部ノイ
ズ光受光出力が正常レベル上限値近くにあった時にも試
験用光電素子８の受光出力が加算されて火災レベルに達
しないように抵抗Ｒ１の抵抗値をａ！濃度換ｊＥ直で７
． ５ ９６となるように調整し、乍動試験時には，煙
検出用光電索子３の内部ノイズ光受光出力が正常レベル
下限直より多少下回った時に試験用光電素子８の受光出
力が加算されて火災レベルに達しないように抵抗Ｒ２の
抵抗直を煙濃度換算値で１２．５％となるように調整す
る．そして、不作動試験時に合成受光出力が不ｒ％動レ
ベルにあるときは正常信号を、また、作動レベルにある
ときは異常信号を図示しない受信機などに送出し，作動
試験時に合成受光出力が不ｆヤ動レベルにあるときは異
常信号を、またｆｔ動レベルにあるときは正常信号を受
信機などに送出する．このように受信機からの制御命令
で切替ス，イッチ６および切替スイッチ５を切り替える
事により，簡単に煙感知器のｆヤ動、不ｆヤ動試験を行
い、感知機能の正常異常を判別することができる．光電
素子として太陽電池以外の素子を用いる場合でも上記試
験用光電素子８出力を切り替える方法を変えることによ
り、前記と同様に感知機能の正常、異常を判断できる．
また、煙検出用発光素子２と試験用光電素子８を図中点
線で示した様に光ファイバーなどの光学路で接続するこ
とにより試験用光電素子８の設置！ｉ置を自由に選ぶこ
とも可能である．なお、煙感知器毎に例えば異なる周波
数の発振器などで構成されるアドレス回路を設けて感知
器より出力する信号に変調をがけるなどすれば、どの感
知器からの信号かを判別することができる．
次に、本発明の第２実施例を第３ｌ２ｌにより説明する
．
この実施例と第１実施例の異なる点は、増幅回路７に比
較回路１０を接続し、更に該比較回路１０に記憶回路１
１を接続し、通常は火災監視と機能検査の両方を行い、
機能検査の結果を記憶しておき、図示しない受信機など
からの試験信号を受信すると機能検査の結果の記憶に基
づいて正常信号または異常信号を送出するようにした点
である．即ち、通常はリレー１２がオン′、オフを繰り
返し、スイッチ１３を開閉する．増幅回路７には，リレ
ー１２がオフのときにスイッチｌ３は閉成状悪にあるの
で、煙検出用光電素子３の受光出力のみが入力して火災
監視を行い，リレー１２がオンのときにはスイ・・Ｉチ
１３は開成状態にあるので、煙検出用光電素子３の受光
出力に試験用光電素子８の受光出力が加算された合成受
光出力が入力し機能検査を行い、その検査の結果を記憶
回路ｌ１に記憶する． 機能判別は、比較回路１０によ
り行い、増幅回路７の受光出力．が失報レベルである正
常レベル範囲の下限値に達したか否か，または誤報レベ
ルである正常レベル範囲の上＠値に達したか否かを判別
する。When smoke (not shown) is received in the dark box (not shown), scattered light is generated by the smoke, and the smoke detection photoelectric element 3 generates a light receiving output that is the sum of the light receiving output of the internal noise light and the light receiving output of the light scattered by the smoke.
When this received light output reaches the fire level, the switching circuit 9 activates (%L) and sends out a fire signal. This is the normal state of a smoke detector. Suppose that this detector sends out a fire signal at a smoke concentration of 10%. Assuming that the intensity of the transmitted internal noise light corresponds to the amount of smoke density change of 5%, the internal noise light N is 5% in normal conditions as shown in Figure 2 (a), so smoke J Qj When S reaches 10%, the sum becomes 15X, which reaches the fire level, and the switching circuit 9 operates and sends out a fire signal.However, the light receiving surface of the smoke detection photoelectric element 3 becomes dirty, and as shown in FIG. As shown in Figure 2, the received output of internal noise light N is 25%.
If the light receiving output falls to the fire level, the smoke concentration S will need to be 125% (actually 12.5% or more since the reduction due to contamination is required), and the inner wall surface of the clear box will become dirty. Then, as shown in Figure 2 (C), when the internal noise light N increases to 7.5%, the smoke density S reaches 7.5% and the received light output reaches the fire level.Therefore, the smoke density of the internal noise light increases. The converted value of 5% is the reference level for normal conditions.
The normal level range is within the range of 2.5% or 5 ± 25%, and when the internal noise light is less than 2.5% of the smoke density conversion value (lower limit of normal level), it is considered a false alarm state. When the light reaches the smoke concentration equivalent value of 7.5% or more (the upper limit of the normal level), it is assumed to be in a false alarm state, and when the internal noise light is between the lower limit and upper limit of the normal level, it is assumed to be in the normal state. .In order to determine this state, a non-voltage dynamic test and an operation test are performed.That is, the changeover switch 5 is set to contact 5b by a control command from a receiver or repeater (not shown).
The combined light reception output obtained by adding the output of the test photoelectric element 8 and the smoke detection photoelectric element 3 output is input to the amplifier circuit 7, and after being amplified, it is output to the switching circuit 9. At this time, if a solar cell, for example, is used as the photoelectric element, the contact 6a of the switch 6 consisting of a relay or the like in FIG.
6b has resistors R with different resistance values, . Connect R2 and adjust the output of the test photoelectric element 8 by switching each one using the changeover switch 6. During the inf% dynamic test, the resistance value of the resistor R1 is set to a! so that even when the internal noise light reception output is close to the upper limit of the normal level, the reception output of the test photoelectric element 8 is added and does not reach the fire level. Concentration change jE direct 7
．． 5 96, and during the tamper test, when the internal noise light reception output of the smoke detection photoelectric cable 3 is slightly below the normal level lower limit, the light reception output of the test photoelectric element 8 is added and a fire occurs. Adjust the resistance value of resistor R2 to 12.5% in terms of smoke density so as not to reach this level. Then, when the combined light reception output is at the non-operating level during the non-operation test, a normal signal is sent to a receiver (not shown), and when it is at the operation level, an abnormal signal is sent to a receiver (not shown). It sends an abnormal signal to the receiver when it is at an abnormal level, and a normal signal when it is at an ft level. By switching the changeover switch 6 and the changeover switch 5 with a control command from the receiver in this way, it is possible to easily test whether the smoke detector is functioning properly or not, and whether the sensing function is normal or abnormal. be able to. Even when an element other than a solar cell is used as a photoelectric element, by changing the method of switching the output of the 8 test photoelectric elements, it is possible to determine whether the sensing function is normal or abnormal in the same way as described above.
In addition, the test photoelectric element 8 can be installed by connecting the smoke detection light emitting element 2 and the test photoelectric element 8 with an optical path such as an optical fiber as shown by the dotted line in the figure. It is also possible to freely choose the i location. Furthermore, if each smoke detector is equipped with an address circuit consisting of, for example, an oscillator with a different frequency, and the signal output from the sensor is modulated, it is possible to determine which sensor the signal is coming from. ．． Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be explained using No. 3l2l. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that a comparator circuit 10 is connected to the amplifier circuit 7, and a memory circuit 1 is connected to the comparator circuit 10.
1, and usually performs both fire monitoring and functional inspection.
The function test results are stored, and when a test signal is received from a receiver (not shown), a normal signal or an abnormal signal is sent out based on the stored function test results. That is, the relay 12 normally turns on and off repeatedly, opening and closing the switch 13. Since the switch l3 is in a bad state when the relay 12 is off, the amplifier circuit 7 receives only the light reception output of the smoke detection photoelectric element 3 for fire monitoring, and when the relay 12 is on, the switch l3 is in a bad state. ... Since the Ichi 13 is in the open state, the combined light receiving output obtained by adding the light receiving output of the test photoelectric element 8 to the light receiving output of the smoke detection photoelectric element 3 is input, a functional test is performed, and the result of the test is Stored in memory circuit l1. The function determination is performed by the comparison circuit 10, and the light reception output of the amplifier circuit 7. It is determined whether or not it has reached the lower limit of the normal level range, which is the false alarm level, or whether it has reached the upper @ value of the normal level range, which is the false alarm level.
図示しない受信機（または中継器）などから試験信号を
受信するとリレー１２がオン状態となりスイッチ１３は
開成し，増幅回路７には煙検出用光電素子３と試験用光
電素子８の受光出力が加算されて入力する．この時、そ
の直前まで受光出力が正常レベル範囲内であり、かつ、
全回路が正常であれば正常信号が受信機に送出され、そ
の直前の受光出力が誤報状態にあると、正常信号とは異
なる繰り返し周波数などの異常信号を受信機などに送出
する．
また、その直前の受光出力が失報状態にあると異常信号
が受信機などに送出される３なお、例えば発光素子２が
ＩｇＴ線などにより発光を停止して煙検出用光電素子３
と試験用光電素子８がともに受光出力を生じなくなるか
、あるいはスイッチング回路１５が故障するなどすると
、受信機などから試験信号を受信しても受信機などへ信
号を送出しない（無信号）ので感知器の故障を知る事が
できる．
よって，受信機または中継器において試＠信号を送出し
た後の感知器からの返信状態が正常信号《正常状悪》か
，異常信号（失報状態、誤報状態》か、または，無信号
（故障）であるかを判別することにより、煙感知器の機
能の総合検査ができる．
なお、第３図において１５はスイッチング回路であり，
受光出力が火災レベルに達すると動１セシて火災は号を
送出する．第３図中、第１図と同一図面符号の部分は、
その機能も第１図の該当符号部分と同一である．
更に本発明の第３実施例を第４図により説明する。 第
４図において２１は発光回路，２２は煙検出用発光素子
であり、該発光素子２２Ｋはスイ・ソチ２３を並列に備
えた試験用発光素子２４を直列に接続する．埋検出用発
光素子２２と発光回路２１との間には、発光’ＫｊＸを
変１ヒさせる切替スイッチ２５を設ける．煙検出用発光
素子２２および試験用発光素子２４の光は、光電素子２
６により受光し、該光電素子２６は増幅回路２７に接続
し、更に該増幅回路２７をスイッチング回銘２８に接続
する．煙検出用発光素子２２と光電素子２６との間には
遮光板２９を設け、煙検出用発光素子２２の光を直接受
けないようにする．また、試験用発光素子２４の光を直
接光電素子２６が受光できるよう光ファイバーなどの光
学路３０を設ける．
次にこの実施例の作動につき説明すると、火災監視時リ
レーで構成されているスイッチ２３は閉じており、リレ
ーで構成される切替スイッチ２５は接点２５ａに接続さ
れており、煙検出用発光素子２２が発光する毎（パルス
発光方式の場合で，連続発光方式の場合には常時》に図
示しない暗箱内壁面で乱反射（内部ノイズ光》が発生し
、煙検出用光電素子２６がこの内部ノイズ光を受光して
ノイズ光出力を生じ、この出力のみが増幅回路２７に入
力する．
即ち、切替スイッチ２５の接点２５ａに接続されている
抵抗Ｒａは、火災監視時の煙検出用発光素子２２の発光
電流制限抵抗とするので、火災監視時試験用発光素子２
４はスイッチ２３の閉成により発光せず、煙検出用発光
素子２２のみが発光する．
図示しない暗箱内に煙が浸入すると、埋検出用発光素子
２２の発光出力の煙による散乱光が生じ、埋検出用光電
素子２６は内部ノイズ光の受光出力に煙による散乱光受
光出力を加えた受光出力を生じ、増幅回路２７により増
幅されて得られた増幅回路２７出力が、火災レベルに達
するとスイッチング回路２８が動作して火災信号を送出
する．
これがこの感知器の正常状悪であり、煙検出用発光素子
２２は抵抗Ｒａを通じて洪給される発光電流により第５
図（１）（｛）に示す発光量で発光している．この時煙
検出用光電素子２６は、機能が正常、従って内部ノイズ
光の強さが正常レベル範囲内にあれば、第５図（３）（
４）（｛）に示す受光出力を生じ、暗箱内壁面へのゴミ
の堆積などにより内部ノイズ光が増大すると煙検出用光
ｔ素子２６の受光出力は第５図（５）（イ）に示す様に
なり、また煙検出用光電素子２６の受光面が汚れると，
その受光出力は第５図（６）（イ）に示すようになる。When a test signal is received from a receiver (or repeater), etc. (not shown), the relay 12 is turned on, the switch 13 is opened, and the light reception outputs of the smoke detection photoelectric element 3 and the test photoelectric element 8 are added to the amplifier circuit 7. and enter it. At this time, the received light output was within the normal level range until just before that, and
If all the circuits are normal, a normal signal is sent to the receiver, but if the previous light reception output is in a false alarm state, an abnormal signal such as a repetition frequency different from the normal signal is sent to the receiver. In addition, if the previous light reception output is in a false alarm state, an abnormal signal is sent to the receiver etc. 3 Note that, for example, when the light emitting element 2 stops emitting light due to an IgT line etc., the smoke detection photoelectric element 3
If both the test photoelectric element 8 and the test photoelectric element 8 stop producing light reception output, or if the switching circuit 15 breaks down, the signal will not be sent to the receiver etc. even if the test signal is received from the receiver etc. (no signal), so it will be detected. You can find out if the equipment is malfunctioning. Therefore, after sending a test @ signal at the receiver or repeater, the return status from the sensor is a normal signal (normal condition is bad), an abnormal signal (missing alarm status, false alarm status), or no signal (failure). ), the function of the smoke detector can be comprehensively inspected. In Fig. 3, 15 is a switching circuit;
When the received light output reaches the fire level, a fire signal is sent out with one pulse. In Figure 3, parts with the same drawing numbers as in Figure 1 are as follows:
Its function is also the same as the corresponding coded part in Figure 1. Further, a third embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. In FIG. 4, 21 is a light emitting circuit, 22 is a smoke detection light emitting element, and the light emitting element 22K is connected in series with a test light emitting element 24 having a sui-sochi 23 in parallel. A changeover switch 25 for changing the light emission 'KjX' is provided between the light emitting element 22 for buried detection and the light emitting circuit 21. The light from the smoke detection light emitting element 22 and the test light emitting element 24 is transmitted through the photoelectric element 2
6, the photoelectric element 26 is connected to an amplifier circuit 27, and the amplifier circuit 27 is further connected to a switching circuit 28. A light shielding plate 29 is provided between the smoke detection light emitting element 22 and the photoelectric element 26 to prevent direct reception of light from the smoke detection light emitting element 22. Furthermore, an optical path 30 such as an optical fiber is provided so that the photoelectric element 26 can directly receive the light from the test light emitting element 24. Next, to explain the operation of this embodiment, the switch 23 consisting of a relay during fire monitoring is closed, the changeover switch 25 consisting of a relay is connected to the contact 25a, and the smoke detection light emitting element 22 is closed. Every time the light is emitted (in the case of the pulsed light emitting method, and constantly in the case of the continuous light emitting method), diffuse reflection (internal noise light) occurs on the inner wall surface of the dark box (not shown), and the smoke detection photoelectric element 26 detects this internal noise light. Upon receiving the light, a noise light output is generated, and only this output is input to the amplifier circuit 27. That is, the resistor Ra connected to the contact 25a of the changeover switch 25 controls the light emission current of the smoke detection light emitting element 22 during fire monitoring. Since it is a limiting resistance, the light emitting element 2 for testing during fire monitoring
4 does not emit light when the switch 23 is closed, and only the smoke detection light emitting element 22 emits light. When smoke enters a dark box (not shown), scattered light is generated due to the smoke in the light emitting output of the light emitting element 22 for buried detection, and the photoelectric element 26 for buried detection adds the received output of the scattered light due to the smoke to the received light output of the internal noise light. When the received light output is amplified by the amplifier circuit 27 and the obtained output from the amplifier circuit 27 reaches a fire level, the switching circuit 28 is activated to send out a fire signal. This is the normal condition of this sensor, and the smoke detection light emitting element 22 is activated by the light emitting current flooded through the resistor Ra.
It emits light with the amount of light shown in Figure (1) ({). At this time, if the smoke detection photoelectric element 26 is functioning normally, and therefore the intensity of the internal noise light is within the normal level range, then the smoke detection photoelectric element 26 is shown in FIG.
4) When the light reception output shown in ({) is generated, and the internal noise light increases due to accumulation of dust on the inner wall surface of the dark box, the light reception output of the smoke detection optical T element 26 is shown in FIG. 5 (5) (a). If the light-receiving surface of the smoke detection photoelectric element 26 becomes dirty,
The received light output is as shown in FIG. 5(6)(a).
図示しない受信機から制御命令などによりスイッチ２３
を開放すると，試験用発光素子２４は煙検出用発光素子
２２と共に発光し、試験用発光素子２４の光出力が光学
路３０を介して煙検出用光電素子２６に受光され、該合
成受光出力は増幅回路２７に入力して増幅された後スイ
ッチング回路２８に出力される．
この感知器の機能の検査は、リレーなどで構成される切
替スイッチ２５の接点２５ｂ、２５ｃに抵抗値の異なる
抵抗Ｒｂ．Ｒｃを接続し切替スイ・・Ｉチ２５により各
々切り替えることにより発光電流を調整して行う，
不ＩＹ動試験の場合は、煙検出用光電素子２６の火災監
視時における受光出力が第５図（３）（イ）に示すよう
に正常レベルの上限近くにある場合に試験時の受光出力
が火災レベルに達しないように、また火災監視時の受光
出力が第５図（５）（イ）に示すように正常レベルの上
限値を１かに越えているときには試験時の受光出力が火
災レベルに達するよう抵抗Ｒｂを調整し、［ｔ動試験の
場合は煙検出用光電素子２６の火災監視時の受光出力が
第５図（４）（イ）に示すように正常レベルの下ｌＩＪ
％直近くにある場合にｖ，＠時の受光出力が火災レベル
に達するように、また火災監視時の受光出力が第５図（
６）（イ）に示すように正常レベルの下限直を僅かに下
回っている時は、試験時の受光出力が火災レベルに達し
ないよう抵抗Ｒｃを調整する。The switch 23 is activated by a control command or the like from a receiver (not shown).
When opened, the test light emitting element 24 emits light together with the smoke detection light emitting element 22, the light output of the test light emitting element 24 is received by the smoke detection photoelectric element 26 via the optical path 30, and the combined light reception output is After being input to the amplifier circuit 27 and amplified, the signal is output to the switching circuit 28. The function of this sensor is tested by connecting resistors Rb with different resistance values to the contacts 25b and 25c of the changeover switch 25, which is composed of a relay or the like. In the case of a non-IY dynamic test in which the light emitting current is adjusted by connecting Rc and switching each switch with the switch 25, the light receiving output of the smoke detection photoelectric element 26 during fire monitoring is as shown in Figure 5 ( 3) In order to prevent the received light output during the test from reaching the fire level when it is near the upper limit of the normal level as shown in (a), and to prevent the received light output during fire monitoring from reaching the upper limit of the normal level, as shown in Figure 5 (5) (a). As shown in the figure, when the upper limit of the normal level is exceeded by 1, the resistor Rb is adjusted so that the received light output during the test reaches the fire level. The received light output is below the normal level as shown in Figure 5 (4) (a).
%, so that the received light output at v and @ times reaches the fire level, and the received light output at the time of fire monitoring is as shown in Figure 5 (
6) As shown in (a), when the light is slightly below the lower limit of the normal level, adjust the resistor Rc so that the received light output during the test does not reach the fire level.
不（１動試験の場合は、切習スイッチ２５を接点２５ｂ
に接続し、抵抗Ｒｂを通じて埋検出用発光素子２２と試
験用発光素子２４に発光電流を供給する．この時煙検出
用発光素子２２は第５図（ｌ）（υ）に，また試験用発
光素子２４は第５図＜２》（口》に示す発光量でそれぞ
れ発光する．埋検出用ｉｔ素子２６は、試験用発光素子
２４からの直接光と，煙検出用発光素子２２から発せら
れた光の壁面乱反射光とを受光し、機能が正常であれば
第５１１ （３）（１７） ．または（４）（口》に示
す受光出力を生じ、内部ノイズ光が増大するような状態
であれば第５図（５）（口）に示す受光出力を生じ、埋
検出用光電素子２６の受光面が汚れてると第５図〈６）
〈口》に示す受光出力を生じる，１ヤ動試験の場合は切
替スイッチ２５は接点２５ｂおよび接点２５ｃに接続し
，抵抗Ｒｂおよび既抗Ｒｃを通じて煙検出用発光素子２
２と試験用発光素子２４に発光電流を洪給する。(In case of one-motion test, switch 25 is connected to contact 25b.
, and supplies a light emitting current to the light emitting element 22 for buried detection and the light emitting element 24 for testing through the resistor Rb. At this time, the light emitting element 22 for smoke detection emits light with the amount of light shown in FIG. 26 receives the direct light from the test light emitting element 24 and the wall surface diffused reflection light of the light emitted from the smoke detection light emitting element 22, and if the function is normal, the 511th (3) (17). or (4) The light receiving output as shown in (opening) is produced, and if the internal noise light increases, the light receiving output as shown in FIG. If it is dirty, Figure 5 (6)
In the case of a one-way test that produces the light reception output shown in <<<>>, the changeover switch 25 is connected to the contacts 25b and 25c, and the light emitting element 2 for smoke detection is connected through the resistor Rb and resistor Rc.
2 and the test light emitting element 24 are supplied with a light emitting current.
この時煙検出用光電素子２２は第５図（１）（ハ）に示
す、また試験用発光素子２４は第５図（２）（ハ）に示
す発光量でそれぞれ発光する．
煙検出用光電素子２６は両発光素子２２、２４からの光
を受光し、機能が正常であれば第５図（３）（４）（ハ
）に示す受光出力を生じ、内部ノイズ光が増大するよう
な状態であれば第５図（５）（ハ）に示す受光出力を生
じ、光電素子２′６の受光面が汚れていると第５図（６
’）（Ａ）に示す受光出力を生じる．
そして、不ｆ％動試験時に合成受光出力が不ｆｊ動レベ
ルにあるときは正常信号を、またｆ？＝動レベルにある
ときは異常信号を図示しない受信濃などに送出し、１ヤ
動試験時に合成受光出力が不ｆヤ動レベルにあるときは
異常１言号を，またｆヤ動レベルにあるときは正常信号
を受（Ｍｇ’ｒ−送出する。 このように受信機からの
制御命令でスイ・フチ２３ならびに切替スイッ２５を切
り替える事により、簡単に煙感知器の削動不ｆヤ動試験
を行い感知機能の正常，異常を判断することができる．
なお、失報条件や誤報条件は第１実施例と同じである。At this time, the smoke detection photoelectric element 22 emits light with the amount of light shown in FIG. 5 (1) (c), and the test light emitting element 24 emits light with the amount of light shown in FIG. 5 (2) (c). The smoke detection photoelectric element 26 receives light from both the light emitting elements 22 and 24, and if the function is normal, the light reception output shown in FIG. 5 (3), (4), and (c) is generated, and internal noise light increases. If the light receiving surface of the photoelectric element 2'6 is dirty, the light receiving output as shown in FIG. 5 (5) (c) will be produced.
') Produces the received light output shown in (A). Then, when the combined light reception output is at the non-fj movement level during the non-f% movement test, a normal signal is output, and f? = When the signal is at the dynamic level, an abnormal signal is sent to the receiver (not shown), and when the combined light reception output is at the negative dynamic level during the 1-year dynamic test, an abnormal signal is sent, and when it is at the f-dynamic level, an abnormal signal is sent. When a normal signal is received (Mg'r- is sent out). In this way, by switching the switch/edge 23 and the changeover switch 25 with the control command from the receiver, it is easy to test the abrasion/failure of the smoke detector. It is possible to determine whether the sensing function is normal or abnormal.
Note that the misreport conditions and false alarm conditions are the same as in the first embodiment.
次に、本発明のＭ４実施例を第６図により説明する，こ
の実施例と第３実施例の異なる点は、増幅回路２７に比
較回路３１を接続し、更に該比較回路３１に記憶回路３
２を接続し、通常は火災監視と機能検査の両方を行い．
＋ｌ！能検査の結果を記憶しておき，図示しない受信機
などからのＶ，験信号を受信すると、機能検査の結果の
記憶に基づいて正常信号または異常信号を送出するよう
にした点である．
発光部および受光部の楕成を除けば、基本的には第２実
施例（第３図）と同じであるので、詳細な説明を省略す
る．即ち、通常は図示しないリレーがオン、オフを繰り
返しスイッチ２３を開閉する．リレーがオフのときは切
替スイッチ２５は接点２５ａに接続し，抵抗Ｒａを通じ
て大電流Ｉ，の発光電流が流れる．
この時、スイッチ２３は閉成となるので試験用発光素子
２４は短絡状態となり、埋検出用発光素子２２にのみ発
光電流ＩＩが流れ，大発光量となる．この光によるノイ
ズ光は煙検出用充電素子２６に受光され、該受光出力は
増幅回路２７に入力する．
リレーがオンになると、スイッチ２３が開成となり試験
用発光素子２４の短絡が解除されると共に切替スイッチ
２５が接点２５ｂに接続し、抵抗Ｒｂを通じて小電流■
２の発光ｔ流が埋検出用発光素子２２と試験用発光素子
２４に洪給される．この発光電流Ｉ２により煙検出用発
光素子２２と試験用発光素子２４は小発光量で発光し，
煙検出用光電素子２６は煙検出用発光素子２２の発光に
よるノイズ光と試験用発光素子２４の直接光とを受けて
合成受光出力を増幅器２７に入力する．
なお、図中２１は発光回路、２８はスイッチング回路、
２９は遮光板、３０は光ファイバーなどの光学路，であ
る．
また、第３及び第４の実施例で試験用発光素子２４の光
を光学路２９によって光電素子２６に導くようにしたが
、発光素子２４を光電素子２６と対向配置するなどして
光学路２９を介さずに直接供給するようにしてもよい．
本発明は、煙検出用発光素子と試験用発光素子を直列に
配設し、火災監視時には煙検出用従允素子のみを、試験
時には該発光素子を通じて試験用発光素子を同時に発光
させる発光させる発光制御回路を有するので、試験する
際煙恣知器を天井から取り外したり、煙感知器に加煙す
る必要はない．従って、１人で受信機などを操作するこ
とにより煙感知器の試験を行うことができる．また、加
煙しないで試験するので光電素子の受光面の汚れも生じ
ない．
更に、本発明は上述の構成なので、単に煙感知器の正常
、異常が判別できるだけでなく，その異常状態が失報状
態か、誤報状悪が更には、感知器の故障（発光素子の断
線など）が否かを正確に判断することもできる．Next, an M4 embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 6.The difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that a comparison circuit 31 is connected to the amplifier circuit 27, and a storage circuit
2 is connected and normally performs both fire monitoring and functional inspection.
+l! The function test results are stored in memory, and when a V test signal is received from a receiver (not shown), a normal signal or an abnormal signal is sent out based on the stored function test results. Since this embodiment is basically the same as the second embodiment (Fig. 3) except for the elliptical formation of the light emitting part and the light receiving part, detailed explanation will be omitted. That is, normally, a relay (not shown) repeatedly turns on and off to open and close the switch 23. When the relay is off, the selector switch 25 is connected to the contact 25a, and a large luminous current I flows through the resistor Ra. At this time, the switch 23 is closed, so the test light emitting element 24 becomes short-circuited, and the light emitting current II flows only through the buried detection light emitting element 22, resulting in a large amount of light emission. The noise light caused by this light is received by the smoke detection charging element 26, and the output of the received light is input to the amplifier circuit 27. When the relay is turned on, the switch 23 is opened, the short circuit of the test light emitting element 24 is released, and the changeover switch 25 is connected to the contact 25b, and a small current is generated through the resistor Rb.
The light emitting element 22 and the test light emitting element 24 are flooded with the light emitting element 22. This light emitting current I2 causes the smoke detection light emitting element 22 and the test light emitting element 24 to emit light with a small amount of light,
The smoke detection photoelectric element 26 receives the noise light emitted by the smoke detection light emitting element 22 and the direct light from the test light emitting element 24, and inputs a combined light reception output to the amplifier 27. In addition, in the figure, 21 is a light emitting circuit, 28 is a switching circuit,
29 is a light shielding plate, and 30 is an optical path such as an optical fiber. In addition, in the third and fourth embodiments, the light from the test light emitting element 24 was guided to the photoelectric element 26 by the optical path 29, but the light emitting element 24 was arranged opposite to the photoelectric element 26, so that the optical path 29 It is also possible to supply it directly without going through it.
The present invention arranges a light emitting element for smoke detection and a light emitting element for testing in series, and during fire monitoring, only the secondary element for smoke detection emits light, and during testing, the light emitting element for testing simultaneously emits light through the light emitting element. Since it has a control circuit, there is no need to remove the smoke detector from the ceiling or apply smoke to the smoke detector during testing. Therefore, a smoke detector test can be performed by one person operating the receiver etc. In addition, since the test is conducted without adding smoke, there is no contamination of the light-receiving surface of the photoelectric element. Furthermore, since the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, it is not only possible to simply determine whether the smoke detector is normal or abnormal, but also whether the abnormal state is a false alarm state, or whether the false alarm is bad or the sensor is malfunctioning (such as a disconnection of the light emitting element). ) can also be accurately determined.
第１図、第３図、第４図、第６図は夫々異なる本発明の
実施例を示すブロック図、第２図は第１５の実施例のｆ
！１濃度と火災レベルなどとの関係を示す図、第５図は
第４図の実施例の発光素子の発光量及び光電素子の受光
出力と火災レベルなどとの関係を示す図である．
２２ ・・・・・・ 煙検出用発光素子２４ ・・・・
・・ 試験用発光素子1, 3, 4, and 6 are block diagrams showing different embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the fifteenth embodiment.
! FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the light emitting amount of the light emitting element of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the light receiving output of the photoelectric element, and the fire level. 22... Smoke detection light emitting element 24...
・・・ Light emitting device for testing
Claims (6)
受光せず煙による散乱光を受光する位置に設けた光電素
子を有する散乱光式煙感知器において、前記光電素子に
光を直接照射できる位置に試験用発光素子を設けると共
に、該試験用発光素子を前記煙検出用発光素子と直列に
配設した発光回路を設け、前記発光回路に、試験時には
前記煙検出用発光素子のみに発光電流を供給して発光さ
せると共に試験時には前記煙検出用発光素子を通じて前
記試験用発光素子に発光電流を供給して両発光素子を同
時に発光させる発光制御回路を設けたことを特徴とする
散乱光式煙感知器の試験装置。(1) In a scattered light smoke sensor that includes a light emitting element for smoke detection and a photoelectric element provided at a position that does not directly receive light from the light emitting element but receives light scattered by smoke, light is directed to the photoelectric element. A test light emitting element is provided in a position where it can be directly irradiated, and a light emitting circuit is provided in which the test light emitting element is arranged in series with the smoke detection light emitting element, and only the smoke detection light emitting element is connected to the light emitting circuit during the test. A light emitting control circuit is provided to supply a light emitting current to the test light emitting element to cause it to emit light, and at the time of testing, to supply a light emitting current to the test light emitting element through the smoke detection light emitting element to cause both light emitting elements to emit light at the same time. Test equipment for optical smoke detectors.
路に設けられていることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
１項記載の散乱光式煙感知器の試験装置。(2) The test device for a scattered light type smoke detector according to claim 1, wherein the light emission control circuit is provided in a short circuit in parallel with the test light emitting element.
光電流を発光素子に供給することを特徴とする特許請求
の範囲第１項または第２項記載の散乱光式煙感知器の試
験装置。(3) The scattered light type smoke sensor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the light emission control circuit supplies different light emission currents to the light emitting element during smoke detection and during testing. Test equipment.
るスイッチによって異なる発光電流を発光素子に供給す
ることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第３項記載の散乱光
式煙感知器の試験装置。(4) The scattered light type smoke detector according to claim 3, wherein the light emission control circuit supplies different light emission currents to the light emitting element by a plurality of resistors and a switch for selecting the resistors. Test equipment.
出用発光素子を通じて試験用発光素子に発光電流を供給
して両発光素子を同時に発光させることを特徴とする特
許請求の範囲第１項、第２項、第３項、又は、第４項記
載の散乱光式煙感知器の試験装置。(5) The light emission control circuit supplies light emitting current to the test light emitting element through the smoke detection light emitting element when receiving the test signal, causing both light emitting elements to emit light simultaneously. A test device for a scattered light smoke detector according to item 1, 2, 3, or 4.
流を供給して発光される煙検出と、前記煙検出用発光素
子を通じて試験用発光素子に発光電流を供給して両発光
素子を同時に発光させる試験を、周期的に切り換えるこ
とを徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項、第２項、第３項、
又は、第４項記載の散乱光式煙感知器の試験装置。(6) The light emission control circuit detects smoke that emits light by supplying a light emitting current only to the light emitting element for smoke detection, and supplies light emitting current to the test light emitting element through the light emitting element for smoke detection to detect both light emitting elements. Claims 1, 2, and 3, characterized in that the test for simultaneously emitting light is periodically switched.
Or, the test device for a scattered light smoke detector according to item 4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016737A JPH0695360B2 (en) | 1990-01-26 | 1990-01-26 | Scattered light smoke detector functional test equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016737A JPH0695360B2 (en) | 1990-01-26 | 1990-01-26 | Scattered light smoke detector functional test equipment |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21891882A Division JPS59108940A (en) | 1982-12-14 | 1982-12-14 | Function testing device for scattered light type smoke detector |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02230397A true JPH02230397A (en) | 1990-09-12 |
| JPH0695360B2 JPH0695360B2 (en) | 1994-11-24 |
Family
ID=11924584
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016737A Expired - Lifetime JPH0695360B2 (en) | 1990-01-26 | 1990-01-26 | Scattered light smoke detector functional test equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0695360B2 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS533880A (en) * | 1976-07-01 | 1978-01-13 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Sensitivity checking method for scattered light type smoke detector |
| JPS5744464U (en) * | 1980-08-27 | 1982-03-11 |
-
1990
- 1990-01-26 JP JP2016737A patent/JPH0695360B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS533880A (en) * | 1976-07-01 | 1978-01-13 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Sensitivity checking method for scattered light type smoke detector |
| JPS5744464U (en) * | 1980-08-27 | 1982-03-11 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0695360B2 (en) | 1994-11-24 |
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