JPH02255019A - Mobile irradiation apparatus for plant culture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To irradiate leaves of a culture plant with light from multiple directions by extending a wire, etc., between rows of culture plants at an arbitrary height above the ground and reciprocating a lamp for the growth of plant along the wire at a low speed. CONSTITUTION:Wires 1, 1 or rails are extended at both sides of culture plants 10, 10... at a prescribed height above the ground. Lamps 2, 2' are suspended from the wires, etc., with a suspending and supporting member 14 such as a pulley in freely movable manner. Light having wavelength close to that of solar light is radiated from the lamps 2, 2'.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a mobile irradiation device for growing plants, and more specifically, a light source with a wavelength similar to that of sunlight can be used to utilize insufficient photosynthetic energy during crop cultivation. The irradiation equipment equipped with the It is used to supplement, promote and enrich its growth, and to strengthen its resistance against pests and diseases that occur on the underside of leaves and bark. This invention relates to a mobile irradiation device for growing plants that is equipped with an irradiation mechanism similar to the above.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional irradiation devices for growing plants are mainly equipped with a fixed light source that irradiates light beams mainly from above or diagonally above the cultivated plants, as seen in the greenhouse cultivation of electric chrysanthemums, for example.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

When using a fixed irradiation device consisting of a single lamp as described above, the irradiation direction of the light beam is constant, so in order to supplement the photosynthetic energy throughout the entire cultivated plant row, it is necessary to use multiple lamps. In addition, the light energy necessary for growing cultivated plants such as fruit trees, vegetables, and flower petals can be collected while concentrating.
In particular, it was recognized that there were practical difficulties in efficiently reaching the underside of the leaf. For this reason, when a fixed irradiation device is used, the irradiation efficiency of photosynthetic energy is low, causing problems such as a delay in the scheduled harvest time and a decrease in yield.

The present invention aims to provide a side-illumination type mobile irradiation device that can solve the problem of a decrease in the irradiation efficiency of photosynthetic energy, which has been a problem with conventional fixed irradiation devices for growing plants.

[Means to solve the problem]

As a means of solving the above problems, the present invention extends a tension wire or rail at an arbitrary height above the ground between rows of cultivated plants, and attaches an irradiation device for plant cultivation to this tension wire or rail so that it can freely reciprocate at low speed. The present invention provides a mobile irradiation device for growing plants that is mounted and supported.

[Effect]

A tension wire or rail is stretched between the cultivated plant rows at a desired height above the ground, and the irradiation equipment mounted and supported on the tension wire or above is connected to the cultivated plant row using a tow line or an attached self-propelled mechanism. By moving the plant back and forth at low speed and irradiating the cultivated plants with photosynthetic energy from the sides, the photosynthetic energy reaches the interior of the plant, particularly between the leaves and the underside of the leaves, promoting photosynthesis.

〔Example〕

Figure 1 (A) is a bird's-eye view of the inside of a vinyl house showing an example of the inventive device, Figure 1 (B) is its front view, and Figure 2 (
A) is a schematic front view of the irradiation instrument body and its reciprocating mechanism, FIG. 2(B) is a perspective view of the irradiation instrument body, and FIG. 2(C) is a schematic front view of the irradiation instrument body and its reciprocating mechanism.
is a perspective view of the reciprocating mechanism.

As seen in these drawings, overhead wires (1) (1) are strung parallel to each other at a predetermined height from the ground on both sides of cultivated plants, such as mandarin orange fruit trees grown in greenhouses (10) (10)...
is stretched out, and a suspension support member (14) such as a pulley is attached to this tension wire.
The irradiation instruments (2) (2') are movably suspended through the respective irradiation instruments (2) and (2'). (3) is the irradiation equipment (2) (2')
As shown in Figure 1 (A), the traction line is stretched along the tension wire (1) as a traction member for cultivating plants (10).
(10) They are stretched in a continuous ring shape so as to surround the rows.

The irradiation devices (2) (2') are positioned at both ends of the diagonal line with respect to the tension wire (1) on both sides of the row of cultivated plants (10) (10)... at the start position of the reciprocating movement. The relative placement position has been adjusted.

At the start and end of the reciprocating path of the irradiation device (2) or 2'), sensors (7A) (7B) for reversing the direction of movement, such as a limit switch, are provided.
) (2”) main body, or the traction line (3”) in front and behind it.
), the sensor (7A) (7
Pressure pieces (8A) (8B) are attached to actuate B). The tow line (3) is shown in Figure 1 (A) and Figure 2 (
As shown in C), it is wound around a pulley (5) attached to the output shaft of the drive motor (4), and the rotation of the drive motor (4) causes the traction line (3) to be connected to the tension line (1). As a result, the main body of the irradiation instrument (2) connected to the traction line (3) reciprocates along the tension line (1). In FIG. 1 (A), (9) is a controller that changes the rotation direction of the drive motor (4) according to position detection signals from sensors (7A) and (7B);
A) is a starting push button switch provided on the controller (9), (6) (6') is a support for tensioning and fixing the tension wire (1), and (13) is a cord, which 13) is also movably suspended from the tension wire (1) (1) via a suspension support member (14) such as a pulley.

As the irradiation equipment (2) (2'), a light source lamp having a wavelength similar to that of sunlight is used. In order to increase the irradiation efficiency of the light source lamp, aluminum foil (12) may be laid on the ground between the rows of cultivated plants (10) (10), if necessary, as shown in FIG. 1(B). In addition, cultivated plants such as strawberries and light chrysanthemums are cultivated in greenhouses (10).
If the height of (10) is short, use the irradiation equipment (2)
(2°) reciprocating means is a running rail (not shown) instead of using the above-mentioned traction line (3) and tension line (1).
, and place the irradiation equipment (2) on this running rail (2
It is also possible to adopt a method of movably mounting the irradiation equipment (2) (2') on a running rail, or a method of incorporating a self-propelled mechanism into the irradiation equipment (2) (2') mounted on a traveling rail. On the other hand, as the sensor (7A) (7B) for detecting the direction change point of the reciprocating movement, in addition to the limit switch, a proximity switch, an optical sensor consisting of a light emitting/receiving element, etc. can be used.

The operating procedure of the device of the present invention will be explained below. Starting pushbutton switch 9A provided on the controller (9)
When you press to start the drive motor (4), the cultivated plants (10) are pulled by the connected traction line (3).
The irradiation instruments (2) (2'), which had been stopped at diagonal positions on both sides of the rows, start moving at low speed in opposite directions using the tension wire (1) as a guide member. Irradiation equipment (
2) approaches the first sensor installed in the inverted position, for example, the limit switch (7A), the first pressing piece (8
A) presses the actuator of the limit switch (7A), and the controller (9) causes the irradiation device (2) to
2') each sends an electrical signal indicating that the point of change in the moving direction has been reached. By sending out this direction change signal, the driving mower (4) is first stopped and then switched to a reverse rotation state. As a result, the irradiation equipment (2)
) as a guide member and starts moving at low speed in the opposite direction toward the column (6°) where the second sensor (7B) is installed. The traction line (3) is stretched in a continuous ring shape along the tension line (1) so as to surround the cultivated plants (10) (10)..., so the first irradiation device (2) A second irradiation device (2゛) installed diagonally to
also moves in the opposite direction at the same time.

In this way, the first irradiation device (2) and the second irradiation device (2゛) are used to illuminate the cultivated plants (10) in the direction that they cross each other.
The reciprocating movement is repeated for a predetermined distance on both sides of the rows of (10)..., and during this period mainly the cultivated plants (10) (
10) Effectively irradiate light rays deep into the crowd from the sides of...

The moving speed, irradiation output, and number of irradiation devices (2") to be attached are adjusted depending on the type and growth conditions of the cultivated plants (10) (10).

〔Effect of the invention〕

By using the device of the present invention, clusters of cultivated plants,
In particular, light rays with wavelengths similar to sunlight are irradiated from multiple directions to the backside of the leaves. This prevents the reduction in irradiation effect, which has been a problem with greenhouse cultivation, and supplies the light rays necessary for cultivation, including ultraviolet rays. In this way, not only the yield but also the sugar content and color development are improved, and the resistance to pests and diseases is also significantly increased.

In addition, the rapid increase in capital investment, which was a problem with conventional equipment in which a large number of irradiation devices were fixedly arranged for each row of cultivated plants, was avoided, and at the same time, significant results were achieved in improving energy-saving effects. be done.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1(A) is a bird's-eye view of the interior of a vinyl house showing a specific example of the device of the present invention, FIG. 1(B) is a front view thereof, and FIG.
A) is a schematic front view of the irradiation device main body and its reciprocating mechanism, FIG. 2 CB) is a perspective view of the irradiation device main body, and FIG. 2 (C)
is a perspective view of the reciprocating mechanism. -・-Tension wire (or rail), (2”)-irradiation equipment, one traction line, (7A) (7B)・-sensor means,
-・~Cultivated plants (13) -Code.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A cable or rail is stretched between the rows of cultivated plants at an arbitrary height above the ground, and an irradiation device for growing plants is mounted and supported on the cable or rail so that it can freely reciprocate at low speed. A mobile irradiation device for growing plants.