JPH0225857B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0225857B2 JPH0225857B2 JP576283A JP576283A JPH0225857B2 JP H0225857 B2 JPH0225857 B2 JP H0225857B2 JP 576283 A JP576283 A JP 576283A JP 576283 A JP576283 A JP 576283A JP H0225857 B2 JPH0225857 B2 JP H0225857B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pulp
- less
- inorganic
- freeness
- cement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
- C04B18/241—Paper, e.g. waste paper; Paper pulp
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/10—Compositions or ingredients thereof characterised by the absence or the very low content of a specific material
- C04B2111/12—Absence of mineral fibres, e.g. asbestos
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Description
[技術分野]
この発明は、建築材料として用いられる無機硬
化体の製法に関する。さらに詳細には、抄造にあ
たり、石綿を使用しないで抄造体を得るセメント
系無機建材等無機硬化体の製法に関するものであ
る。
[背景技術]
従来よりセメントを結合材とし石綿を補強材と
して含ませるようにした無機硬化体が広く使用さ
れている。石綿を補強繊維として用いるようにす
ると、無機硬化体に対する補強効果が著しくなる
とともに、ハチエツク抄造方式等の大量生産に適
した抄造法により無機硬化体をつくるのが可能に
なるからである。この方法では、原材料をふくむ
スラリーをハチエツク抄造機等の抄造機で抄き上
げ、得られた賦形体を養生して無機硬化体を作る
ようにする。その際、石綿を原材料の固型分基準
で5重量%以上用いると抄き上げが可能となる。
しかしながら、石綿を使用する上で石綿公害を
引き起こす恐れがあり、これから先も石綿を使用
し続けることは、社会環境を守る上で問題とな
る。その為、近年、石綿を含まない無機硬化体の
研究がさかんに行われている。その一例として、
石綿の代わりにパルプを含ませるようにした無機
硬化体があり、現在すでにその製品が市場に出廻
つている。しかし、この無機硬化体には、次のよ
うな欠点があり、一般の建築材料として用いるの
には不適当であつた。すなわち、不燃性でないと
いう欠点である。抄造法によりこの無機硬化体を
作るには、原材料の固型分基準で5重量%(以
下、すべて原材料の固型分基準で表す)以上のパ
ルプを使用する必要があるが、このように多量の
パルプを使用すると、得られた無機硬化体が不燃
性でなくなるのである。また、強度特に吸水時の
強度が不充分であるという欠点もあつた。
現在、石綿の代替繊維としてパルプ以外に、ガ
ラス繊維、カーボン繊維、鋼繊維、ウオラストナ
イト等の無機繊維、ビニロン、アクリル、ポリエ
チレン等の有機繊維等も種々検討されているが、
いずれも、1本の繊維の太さが石綿に比し太く、
石綿のようにセメントとのなじみが良くなく、単
独で使用されるに至つていない。
[発明の目的]
前述したような事情に鑑み、この発明は、石綿
を使用することなく、不燃性でしかも強度が高
く、その上抄造法により大量生産出来る無機硬化
体の製法を提供することを目的とする。
[発明の開示]
発明者らは研究を重ねた結果、短く切断するこ
となく叩解フイブリル化したパルプをうまく使用
することにより、不燃性でしかも強度の高い硬化
体を抄造法により大量生産出来ることを見い出
し、ここにこの発明を完成した。
すなわち、針葉樹、広葉樹等のバージンパルプ
をPFIミル、シングルデイスクリフアイナー、ダ
ブルデイスクリフアイナー等の叩解機の叩解条件
をうまく設定することにより、繊維長177ミクロ
ン以下(80メツシユ以下)を10重量%以下に保ち
ながらフイブリル化してシヨツパー濾水度を
70゜SR以上(カナダ標準濾水度75c.c.以下)にした
パルプを用いれば、スラリー固型分中のパルプの
量が5重量%以下でもハチエツク方式により抄き
上げることが可能であり、この発明の目的とする
ところの不燃性で高強度の板が得られることを見
い出し、この発明を完成したのである。
従つて、この発明は、セメントを含むスラリー
から抄造法により得た賦形体を養生して無機硬化
体を得る方法において、抄造にあたり、繊維長
177ミクロン以下が全パルプ量の10重量%以下で
フイブリル化によりシヨツパー濾水度を70゜SR以
上に調整したパルプを、全固型分に対し1〜5重
量%の割合で含有し、必要あらばこれに膨潤度が
3倍以上のフイラー、補強繊維を配合して、濃度
を4〜15重量%、濾過係数を5cm4/sec以下に調
整したスラリーを用いることを特徴とする無機硬
化体の製法をその要旨とする。
ここに、膨潤度と濾過係数は下記のように定義
される。
膨潤度:24時間後の吸水した水の量/吸水前のフイラ
ー重量
濾過係数:定圧濾過時の単位濾過面積当りの係
数
〔K=2V/(dθ/dv)
V;濾過量(cm3)
θ;濾過時間(sec)
60メツシユ金網使用〕
以下にこれを詳細に説明する。
ここで結合材として用いるセメントとしては、
水硬性のものであれば特に限定されない。例え
ば、ポルトランドセメント、高炉セメントなどで
ある。パルプとしては、針葉樹、広葉樹のサラシ
あるいは未サラシクラフトパルプ等を用いるのが
良い。新聞紙、クラフト紙等の故紙は多量に用い
ると含有されている不純物の影響でセメントの硬
化不良を招いたりする場合がある。ただし、故紙
は、一般に繊維長の短いものが多く、このため、
シヨツパー濾水度が比較的大きく、石綿等と併用
して少量なら使用される場合が多く、この発明で
も、前述の70゜SR以上までフイブリル化した針葉
樹、広葉樹の長繊維パルプと併用して使用するこ
とが出来る。
この発明では、シヨツパー濾水度70゜SR以上、
177ミクロン以下の繊維長が全パルプ量の10%以
下であるような針葉樹および/または広葉樹パル
プは、全固型分量の1〜5重量%(以下%と略
す)用いられる。すなわち、上述のフイブリル化
されたパルプ量が1%未満では、たとえ他の濾過
性を悪くするような微粒の無機フイラーを併用し
ても、ハチエツク方式で抄造可能な濾過係数まで
下げることが出来ない。また、前述のフイブリル
化されたパルプ量が5%を越えるようになると、
抄造は勿論可能であるが、他の有機補強繊維の量
を考え合わせると不燃性の面で不合格となる。通
常に叩解された針葉樹または広葉樹パルプのシヨ
ツパー濾水度は40゜SR以下であり、このものでは
5%以下では他の濾過性を悪くするような微粒の
無機フイラーを併用してもハチエツクでは抄造出
来ない。すなわち、濾過性が良すぎて(水切れが
良すぎて)セメント粒子が濾過液中に逃げてしま
うのである。従つて、シヨツパー濾水度が70゜SR
以上に叩解したパルプ量が1%以上あることが、
不燃の硬化体を抄造出来る絶対条件である。
つぎに、フイブリル化されたパルプの繊維長で
あるが、PFIミル、シングルデイスクリフアイナ
ー、ダブルデイスクリフアイナー等の叩解機で叩
解するが、フイブリル化と同時に繊維も短くカツ
トされる現象が進む。シヨツパー濾水度を上げる
ためにパルプを叩解する必要はあるが、あまり叩
解しすぎると繊維が短く切れ、硬化体の補強効果
としての役目が果たせなくなつてくる。たとえ
ば、パルプ繊維長が177ミクロン以下のものはほ
とんど補強効果を発揮せず、シヨツパー濾水度を
上げることのみにしか効果を発揮しないので、こ
れの量は、できるだけ低くおさえることが望まし
い。
ここで、繊維長が177ミクロン以下のパルプを
パルプ全量の10%以下とした理由は、これを超え
ると、硬化体の吸水率が上がり、著しく吸水時の
強度が低下するためである。
なお、パルプとしては、シヨツパー濾水度
70゜SR以上、繊維長177ミクロン以下のパルプを
全パルプ量の10%以下に保つようにフイブリル化
したパルプのほかに、シヨツパー濾水度70゜SR未
満のパルプ(針葉樹バージンパルプ、広葉樹バー
ジンパルプ、故紙など)を含めても良い。すなわ
ち、濾過性を悪くするような微粒の無機フイラー
を併用すれば、上述のフイブリル化されたパルプ
ばかりで無くても、スラリー濾過係数を5cm4/
sec以下に調整出来る範囲でシヨツパー濾水度
70゜SR未満のパルプを併用出来るのである。
シヨツパー濾水度70゜SR以上のパルプとシヨツ
パー濾水度70゜SR未満のパルプの併用比率は、
1:4〜5:0の範囲であるが、強度面、経済性
を考慮すれば、1:1〜2:1の範囲が好適であ
る。
つぎに、無機フイラーは、膨潤度3倍以上のも
のを使用する。すなわち、吸水時に膨潤性の大き
いセピオライト、ベントナイトのような無機フイ
ラーを前述のパルプと併用し、セメント、水と混
合することにより、スラリーの濾過係数を、ハチ
エツク方式で抄造できる値5cm4/sec以下にする
ことが出来るのである。上述のフイブリル化され
たパルプと膨潤性のある無機フイラーを併用する
ことにより、濾水性を悪くすること(セメントの
歩溜りを向上すること)が出来る。なぜ濾水性が
悪くなり、セメントの歩溜りが向上するかは定か
ではないが、推察するにフイブリル化されたパル
プの微細繊維に、膨潤した無機フイラーがうまく
からみ合い、網目のようになつて濾過されている
ためと思われる。
ここで膨潤度3倍以上の無機フイラーとしたの
は、3倍未満の無機フイラーでは、前述の濾過係
数を下げるのにあまり効果がなかつた為である。
また、無機フイラーの量が5%以上になると強度
低下(吸水強度低下)を起こす恐れがあるからで
ある。
つぎに、パルプ以外の補強繊維としては、ガラ
ス繊維、カーボン繊維、鋼繊維、ウオラストナイ
ト等の無機繊維またはビニロン、アクリル、ポリ
エチレン等の有機繊維が使用出来るが、有機繊維
ではビニロン、無機繊維ではウオラストナイトが
最も好ましい。ビニロン繊維は、その親水基のた
め、有機繊維の中で最も補強効果があることは公
知である。これをフイブリル化されたパルプと併
用することにより、一層の強度向上が図れる。そ
の理由は、ビニロン単独ではセメントとのなじみ
が悪く抜け易いが、前記パルプと併用することに
より、ビニロン繊維とフイブリル化されたパルプ
の微細繊維がうまくからみ合い、ビニロンのすべ
りが防止されることによると推定出来る。ビニロ
ン繊維としては、太さ5〜50ミクロン、長さ3〜
10mmのものを用いるのがこのましい。ビニロン繊
維の含有量は0.3〜2%とするのが好ましい。こ
の範囲であれば最も補強効果が大きいからであ
る。2%を越えてビニロンの量を増やしても、硬
化体の強度は殆ど上がらず、配合費用のみ上昇す
る。これは、ビニロンが2%を超えて含有される
と、その分散性が悪くなつてくるためと推定され
る。また、0.3%未満では、補強の役割が果せな
い。
ウオラストナイトは無機繊維の中でセメントと
一番なじみ易く、補強材としての効果があること
は、よく知られている。このウオラストナイトも
前述のビニロンと同じようにフイブリル化された
パルプと併用することにより、その効果が向上す
る。すなわち、フイブリル化されたパルプの微細
繊維の周囲にウオラストナイトがからみ合い、セ
メントの歩溜りを向上させ、結果的に強度向上に
つながるのである。また、ウオラストナイトを使
用することにより、パルプを主体に使用した無機
硬化体の欠点である寸法変化率を小さく押さえる
効果もでる。ウオラストナイトの使用量は2〜15
%が好ましい。2%未満では、ウオラストナイト
添加の効果が無く、15%を超えると逆にセメント
比率の低下による強度低下現象が認められるよう
になる。
上記原材料と水を混合してスラリーを作るが、
このスラリーの固型分濃度は4〜15%とするのが
好ましい。さらに好ましくは6〜10%である。4
%未満の場合は、スラリー中の固型分が抄造機の
抄き上げ部(金網)に抄き上がつてくる効率が悪
く、生産性が悪くなり、その上、スラリー中の固
型分が沈澱して、予定した組成の無機硬化体が得
られなくなる傾向がある。他方、15%を超える
と、抄き上げたケーキの厚みが不均一となり、均
質な硬化体を得ることが困難になる傾向にある。
スラリーの濾過係数を5cm4/sec以下に調整す
る必要があり、これはハチエツクで抄造できる絶
対条件である。この発明では、この5cm4/sec
を、パルプ、無機フイラーの量を前述のごとくに
調整することにより達成できる。
以上述べてきた配合でスラリーを作り、ハチエ
ツク抄造機等の抄造機で抄き上げ、積層して適当
な厚みの賦形体とする。この賦形体を養生すれば
硬化体が得られる。
[発明の効果]
この発明の方法は、以上のように構成されてい
るため、これによれば、石綿を使用しなくても、
強度の強い硬化体が抄造法で容易に多量に生産で
きる。その上、パルプの含有量が少く、かつ、フ
イブリル化が進んでいるので、不燃性であるばか
りでなく、吸水率が低くて吸水強度低下の少ない
硬化体が得られる。また、同じくフイブリル化さ
れた微細繊維が抄造体の層間の密着力を向上させ
ており、この結果、耐凍害性にもすぐれた硬化体
となつている。
[実施例、比較例]
つぎに、実施例を比較例と併せて説明する。
第1表に示される原材料を使用し、ハチエツク
抄造機を用いるハチエツク方式により、実施例1
〜10、比較例1〜5の無機硬化体を作つた。そし
て、これらを試験に供した結果を第1表に併記す
る。
表中の抄き上げ性、耐凍害性の評価は、◎良
好、×不適である。
比較例5は、この発明のごとくパルプをフイブ
リル化して実施したが、スラリー濃度が低すぎた
ため、抄造不可であつた。比較例1はアスベスト
を使用した場合であり、比較例2〜4はアスベス
トを使用せずパルプも通常のシヨツパー濾水度
70゜SR未満のものを使用した。
第1表にみるように、実施例はいずれも比較例
よりすぐれていた。
[Technical Field] The present invention relates to a method for producing an inorganic cured body used as a building material. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing an inorganic hardened material such as a cement-based inorganic building material without using asbestos. [Background Art] Inorganic hardened bodies containing cement as a binder and asbestos as a reinforcing material have been widely used. This is because when asbestos is used as the reinforcing fiber, the reinforcing effect on the inorganic hardened material becomes remarkable, and the inorganic hardened material can be produced by a papermaking method suitable for mass production such as the Hatchiek papermaking method. In this method, a slurry containing raw materials is made into paper using a paper making machine such as a Hachietsu paper making machine, and the obtained excipient is cured to produce an inorganic hardened material. At that time, papermaking becomes possible if asbestos is used in an amount of 5% by weight or more based on the solid content of the raw material. However, the use of asbestos poses a risk of causing asbestos pollution, and continuing to use asbestos in the future poses a problem in terms of protecting the social environment. Therefore, in recent years, research has been actively conducted on inorganic hardened materials that do not contain asbestos. As an example,
There is an inorganic hardened material that contains pulp instead of asbestos, and such products are already on the market. However, this inorganic cured product had the following drawbacks and was unsuitable for use as a general building material. That is, it has the disadvantage of not being non-flammable. In order to make this inorganic hardened material using the papermaking method, it is necessary to use pulp with a content of 5% by weight or more based on the solid content of the raw materials (hereinafter all expressions are expressed based on the solid content of the raw materials). If this pulp is used, the resulting inorganic cured product will no longer be nonflammable. Another drawback was that the strength, particularly when absorbing water, was insufficient. Currently, in addition to pulp, various alternative fibers for asbestos are being considered, including inorganic fibers such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, steel fiber, and wollastonite, and organic fibers such as vinylon, acrylic, and polyethylene.
In both cases, the thickness of each fiber is thicker than that of asbestos.
Unlike asbestos, it does not mix well with cement, so it has not been used alone. [Object of the invention] In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention aims to provide a method for producing an inorganic hardened material that is nonflammable, has high strength, and can be mass-produced by a papermaking method without using asbestos. purpose. [Disclosure of the Invention] As a result of repeated research, the inventors have discovered that it is possible to mass-produce a non-flammable and high-strength cured product using the papermaking method by effectively using beaten and fibrillated pulp without cutting it into short pieces. Heading here completes this invention. In other words, by properly setting the beating conditions of virgin pulp made of softwood, hardwood, etc., using a PFI mill, single-day cliff reiner, double-day cliff reiner, etc., fiber length of 177 microns or less (80 mesh or less) can be reduced to 10% by weight. Fibrillation is performed while maintaining the Schopper freeness below.
If you use pulp with a purity of 70° SR or higher (Canadian standard freeness of 75 c.c. or lower), even if the amount of pulp in the slurry solids is 5% by weight or less, it is possible to use the hatchet method. They discovered that it was possible to obtain a nonflammable, high-strength plate, which is the objective of this invention, and completed this invention. Therefore, the present invention provides a method for obtaining an inorganic hardened body by curing a shaped body obtained by a papermaking method from a slurry containing cement.
Pulp containing 177 microns or less of 10% by weight or less of the total pulp amount and having a Schottper freeness adjusted to 70°SR or more by fibrillation in a ratio of 1 to 5% by weight based on the total solid content, and as required. An inorganic cured product characterized by using a slurry in which a filler with a swelling degree of 3 times or more and reinforcing fibers are blended with this slurry to have a concentration of 4 to 15% by weight and a filtration coefficient of 5 cm 4 /sec or less. The gist is the manufacturing method. Here, the degree of swelling and the filtration coefficient are defined as follows. Swelling degree: Amount of water absorbed after 24 hours / Filler weight before water absorption Filtration coefficient: Coefficient per unit filtration area during constant pressure filtration [K = 2V / (dθ / dv) V; Filtration amount (cm 3 ) θ ;Filtration time (sec) 60 mesh wire mesh used] This will be explained in detail below. The cement used as a binding material here is:
It is not particularly limited as long as it is hydraulic. For example, Portland cement, blast furnace cement, etc. As the pulp, it is preferable to use softwood or broadleaf wood pulp or ungrained kraft pulp. If waste paper such as newspaper or kraft paper is used in large quantities, it may cause poor hardening of cement due to the impurities it contains. However, waste paper generally has short fiber length, so
Schottsper has a relatively high freeness and is often used in small amounts in combination with asbestos, etc. In this invention, it is also used in combination with the long fiber pulp of softwood and hardwood fibrillated to 70°SR or more. You can. In this invention, the Schopper freeness is 70°SR or more,
Softwood and/or hardwood pulp having a fiber length of 177 microns or less and 10% or less of the total pulp amount is used in an amount of 1 to 5% by weight (hereinafter abbreviated as %) of the total solid content. In other words, if the above-mentioned amount of fibrillated pulp is less than 1%, it is not possible to lower the filtration coefficient to a level that allows paper-making using the hatchet method, even if other fine inorganic fillers that impair filtration performance are used in combination. . In addition, when the amount of fibrillated pulp mentioned above exceeds 5%,
Paper making is of course possible, but considering the amount of other organic reinforcing fibers, it will fail in terms of nonflammability. Normally beaten softwood or hardwood pulp has a Schottper freeness of 40°SR or less, and even if it is used in combination with a fine inorganic filler that impairs other filtration properties at 5% or less, Hachietsu cannot process the paper. Can not. In other words, the filterability is too good (water drainage is too good) and cement particles escape into the filtrate. Therefore, the shovel freeness is 70°SR.
The amount of beaten pulp is 1% or more,
This is an absolute condition for making a non-flammable hardened material. Next, regarding the fiber length of the fibrillated pulp, it is beaten using a beating machine such as a PFI mill, single-disccliff reiner, double-disccliff reiner, etc., but at the same time as fibrillation, the fibers are also cut short. It is necessary to beat the pulp in order to increase the freeness of the pulp, but if the pulp is beaten too much, the fibers will break into short pieces and will no longer serve as a reinforcing effect for the hardened material. For example, pulp fibers with a length of 177 microns or less exhibit almost no reinforcing effect and are only effective in increasing the shovel freeness, so it is desirable to keep the amount of this fiber as low as possible. Here, the reason why the pulp with a fiber length of 177 microns or less is set to 10% or less of the total amount of pulp is that if it exceeds this, the water absorption rate of the cured product increases and the strength upon water absorption decreases significantly. In addition, as for pulp, Schottspur freeness
In addition to fibrillated pulp that maintains pulp with a fiber length of 70° SR or more and fiber length of 177 microns or less to 10% or less of the total pulp amount, pulp with a freeness of less than 70° SR (softwood virgin pulp, hardwood virgin pulp) , waste paper, etc.). In other words, if a fine inorganic filler that impairs filtration is used, the slurry filtration coefficient can be increased to 5cm 4 /
Shorter freeness within the range that can be adjusted to below sec
Pulp less than 70°SR can be used in combination. The combined ratio of pulp with a Schottspur freeness of 70°SR or higher and pulp with a Schottspar freeness of less than 70°SR is:
The ratio is in the range of 1:4 to 5:0, but the range of 1:1 to 2:1 is preferable in consideration of strength and economy. Next, the inorganic filler used has a swelling degree of 3 times or more. In other words, by using an inorganic filler such as sepiolite or bentonite, which has a high swelling property when absorbing water, in combination with the above-mentioned pulp and mixing it with cement and water, the filtration coefficient of the slurry can be lowered to 5 cm 4 /sec or less, the value that can be made into paper using the Hachietsu method. It is possible to do this. By using the above-mentioned fibrillated pulp together with a swelling inorganic filler, it is possible to impair freeness (improve cement yield). It is not clear why the freeness deteriorates and the cement yield improves, but it is speculated that the fine fibers of the fibrillated pulp are well entangled with the swollen inorganic filler, forming a network that filters the water. This seems to be because it has been The reason why an inorganic filler with a swelling degree of 3 times or more is used here is because an inorganic filler with a swelling degree of less than 3 times was not very effective in lowering the above-mentioned filtration coefficient.
Furthermore, if the amount of inorganic filler exceeds 5%, there is a risk of a decrease in strength (a decrease in water absorption strength). Next, as reinforcing fibers other than pulp, inorganic fibers such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, steel fiber, and wollastonite, or organic fibers such as vinylon, acrylic, and polyethylene can be used. Wollastonite is most preferred. Vinylon fiber is known to have the most reinforcing effect among organic fibers due to its hydrophilic groups. By using this together with fibrillated pulp, the strength can be further improved. The reason for this is that vinylon alone has poor compatibility with cement and easily comes off, but when used in combination with the above-mentioned pulp, the vinylon fibers and fine fibers of the fibrillated pulp intertwine well, preventing vinylon from slipping. It can be estimated that Vinylon fibers have a thickness of 5 to 50 microns and a length of 3 to 50 microns.
It is preferable to use a 10mm one. The vinylon fiber content is preferably 0.3 to 2%. This is because within this range, the reinforcing effect is greatest. Even if the amount of vinylon is increased beyond 2%, the strength of the cured product will hardly increase, and only the compounding cost will increase. This is presumed to be because when vinylon is contained in an amount exceeding 2%, its dispersibility deteriorates. Moreover, if it is less than 0.3%, it cannot fulfill its reinforcing role. It is well known that wollastonite is the most compatible with cement among inorganic fibers and is effective as a reinforcing material. This wollastonite can also be used in combination with fibrillated pulp in the same way as the above-mentioned vinylon to improve its effectiveness. In other words, wollastonite is entangled around the fine fibers of the fibrillated pulp, improving the cement yield and resulting in improved strength. Furthermore, the use of wollastonite has the effect of suppressing the dimensional change rate, which is a drawback of inorganic cured products mainly using pulp. The amount of wollastonite used is 2 to 15
% is preferred. If it is less than 2%, the addition of wollastonite has no effect, and if it exceeds 15%, a decrease in strength due to a decrease in the cement ratio will be observed. Mix the above raw materials and water to make a slurry.
The solid content concentration of this slurry is preferably 4 to 15%. More preferably, it is 6 to 10%. 4
If the solid content in the slurry is less than %, the solid content in the slurry will be inefficiently transferred to the paper making section (wire mesh) of the paper making machine, resulting in poor productivity, and in addition, the solid content in the slurry will There is a tendency for precipitation to occur, making it impossible to obtain an inorganic cured product having the intended composition. On the other hand, if it exceeds 15%, the thickness of the cake formed will become uneven, and it will tend to be difficult to obtain a homogeneous cured product. It is necessary to adjust the filtration coefficient of the slurry to 5 cm 4 /sec or less, which is an absolute condition for paper making using a hatchet. In this invention, this 5 cm 4 /sec
This can be achieved by adjusting the amounts of pulp and inorganic filler as described above. A slurry is made with the above-mentioned composition, and it is made into paper using a paper making machine such as a Hachietsu paper making machine, and then laminated to form a shaped body of an appropriate thickness. By curing this shaped body, a hardened body can be obtained. [Effect of the invention] Since the method of this invention is configured as described above, according to this, even without using asbestos,
A strong hardened product can be easily produced in large quantities using the papermaking method. Furthermore, since the content of pulp is small and fibrillation is advanced, a cured product that is not only nonflammable but also has a low water absorption rate and less decrease in water absorption strength can be obtained. Furthermore, the same fibrillated fine fibers improve the adhesion between the layers of the paper product, resulting in a cured product with excellent frost damage resistance. [Examples, Comparative Examples] Next, Examples will be described together with Comparative Examples. Using the raw materials shown in Table 1, Example 1
-10, inorganic cured bodies of Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were made. The results of these tests are also listed in Table 1. The evaluations of paper-making property and frost damage resistance in the table are ◎ Good and × Unsuitable. Comparative Example 5 was carried out by fibrillating the pulp as in the present invention, but the slurry concentration was too low, making it impossible to form paper. Comparative Example 1 uses asbestos, and Comparative Examples 2 to 4 do not use asbestos and the pulp has a normal Schopper freeness.
A material with an SR of less than 70° was used. As shown in Table 1, all of the Examples were superior to the Comparative Examples.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
Claims (1)
た賦形体を養生して無機硬化体を得る方法におい
て、抄造にあたり、繊維長177ミクロン以下が全
パルプ量の10重量%以下でフイブリル化によりシ
ヨツパー濾水度を70゜SR以上に調整したパルプ
を、全固型分に対し1〜5重量%の割合で含有
し、濃度を4〜15重量%、濾過係数を5cm4/sec
以下に調整したスラリーを用いることを特徴とす
る無機硬化体の製法。 2 パルプが、針葉樹および/または広葉樹のサ
ラシもしくは未サラシのパルプである特許請求の
範囲第1項記載の無機硬化体の製法。 3 パルプが、一部シヨツパー濾水度70゜SR未満
のものをも含んでいる特許請求の範囲第1項また
は第2項記載の無機硬化体の製法。[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for obtaining an inorganic hardened body by curing an excipient obtained from a cement-containing slurry by a papermaking method, in which fiber length of 177 microns or less is 10% by weight or less of the total pulp amount during papermaking. Contains pulp whose freeness has been adjusted to 70°SR or higher by chemical conversion, at a ratio of 1 to 5% by weight based on the total solid content, with a concentration of 4 to 15% by weight, and a filtration coefficient of 5cm 4 /sec.
A method for producing an inorganic cured body, characterized by using a slurry prepared as follows. 2. The method for producing an inorganic cured product according to claim 1, wherein the pulp is a pulp of a softwood and/or a hardwood or a non-grained pulp. 3. The method for producing an inorganic cured product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pulp includes a part of the pulp having a Schottsper freeness of less than 70°SR.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58005762A JPS59131551A (en) | 1983-01-16 | 1983-01-16 | Manufacture of inorganic hardened body |
| GB8401091A GB2137977B (en) | 1983-01-16 | 1984-01-14 | Producing inorganic hardened compositions |
| DE19843401237 DE3401237A1 (en) | 1983-01-16 | 1984-01-16 | INORGANIC, HARDENED COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58005762A JPS59131551A (en) | 1983-01-16 | 1983-01-16 | Manufacture of inorganic hardened body |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59131551A JPS59131551A (en) | 1984-07-28 |
| JPH0225857B2 true JPH0225857B2 (en) | 1990-06-06 |
Family
ID=11620134
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58005762A Granted JPS59131551A (en) | 1983-01-16 | 1983-01-16 | Manufacture of inorganic hardened body |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59131551A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3401237A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2137977B (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS605049A (en) * | 1983-06-17 | 1985-01-11 | 松下電工株式会社 | Manufacture of inorganic hardened body |
| GB2164329B (en) * | 1984-09-13 | 1988-05-05 | British Uralite Plc | Hydraulic cement compositions containing fibrous material |
| GB2174382B (en) * | 1985-05-04 | 1988-09-21 | T & N Materials Res Ltd | Manufacture of fibre-reinforced cement sheet |
| EP0225932A1 (en) * | 1985-12-13 | 1987-06-24 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Asbestos-free, hydraulic inorganic material-based sheet products and process for their production |
| CH672483A5 (en) * | 1987-04-21 | 1989-11-30 | Ametex Ag | |
| US5350451A (en) * | 1991-07-08 | 1994-09-27 | Patterson Eric W | Building material made from waste paper and method for producing the same |
| DE4133895C2 (en) * | 1991-10-10 | 1994-03-24 | Maerkische Faser Ag | Multi-component system made of natural polymers and PAN moldings with asbestos-specific properties for use in hydraulic binders |
| AT406370B (en) * | 1998-02-16 | 2000-04-25 | Alfatec Gmbh | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF VACUUM-FORMED REFRAME-RESISTANT MOLDED PARTS AND INSULATING BODIES FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE INSULATION |
| CN1426382A (en) | 2000-03-14 | 2003-06-25 | 詹姆斯·哈迪研究有限公司 | Fiber cement building materials containing low density additives |
| CZ2003959A3 (en) | 2000-10-04 | 2003-09-17 | James Hardie Research Pty. Limited | Fibrous cement composite materials using lubricated cellulose fibers |
| CZ20031253A3 (en) | 2000-10-17 | 2004-12-15 | James Hardie Research Pty Limited | Method and apparatus for reducing impurities in cellulose fibers intended for manufacture of fiber reinforced cement composite materials |
| CA2439698C (en) | 2001-03-09 | 2011-04-19 | James Hardie Research Pty. Limited | Fiber reinforced cement composite materials using chemically treated fibers with improved dispersibility |
| MXPA05003691A (en) | 2002-10-07 | 2005-11-17 | James Hardie Int Finance Bv | Durable medium-density fibre cement composite. |
| CL2004000021A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2005-02-18 | James Hardie Int Finance Bv | COMPOSITE MATERIAL THAT INCLUDES A CEMENTOUS MATRIX, AND A BLENDED AND UNBANKED CELL FABRIC MIXTURE WHICH ARE INCORPORATED WITHIN THE CEMENTOUS MATRIX; METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A COMPOSITE REINFORCED CEMENT MATERIAL WITH FIBERS. |
| US7998571B2 (en) | 2004-07-09 | 2011-08-16 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Composite cement article incorporating a powder coating and methods of making same |
| WO2007115379A1 (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2007-10-18 | James Hardie International Finance B.V. | A surface sealed reinforced building element |
| US8209927B2 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2012-07-03 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Structural fiber cement building materials |
| WO2011157516A1 (en) | 2010-06-15 | 2011-12-22 | Redco S.A. | Cellulose fibres for fibre-reinforced cement products |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB815184A (en) * | 1957-03-20 | 1959-06-17 | Ici Ltd | Improvements in constructional materials |
| GB278788A (en) * | 1926-07-07 | 1927-10-07 | James Rankin Garrow | Improvements relating to the preparation of organic materials or aggregates for use with cements |
| GB485204A (en) * | 1936-11-20 | 1938-05-17 | Sydney Harrison Colton | Improvements in plastic compositions |
| GB537116A (en) * | 1939-12-05 | 1941-06-10 | Joseph Francis Strable | Lightweight plaster of paris compositions and articles for building purposes |
| GB659575A (en) * | 1948-12-20 | 1951-10-24 | Century Wallboards Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of reinforced lightweight cementitious products |
| FR1344947A (en) * | 1962-09-03 | 1963-12-06 | Process for the treatment of cellulosic materials, and new products resulting therefrom, in particular concrete | |
| GB1498966A (en) * | 1974-12-30 | 1978-01-25 | Cape Boards & Panels Ltd | Moulding composition and building board made therefrom |
| GB1521482A (en) * | 1975-05-30 | 1978-08-16 | Tac Construction Materials Ltd | Manufacture of fibrous artefacts |
| SE7605674L (en) * | 1976-05-21 | 1976-11-22 | Morris S Yeovil Ltd | MEASUREMENT INSULATING BUILDING ELEMENT |
| FI780188A7 (en) * | 1978-01-20 | 1979-07-21 | Paraisten Kalkki Oy | FOERFARANDE FOER FRAMSTAELLNING AV EN RAOSKIVA FOER EN ASBESTFRI BYGGNADSSKIVA ENLIGT UPPRULLNINGSFOERFARANDE |
| DK145118C (en) * | 1978-10-10 | 1983-02-07 | Rockwool Int | FIBER ARMED CEMENT PRODUCT AND PROCEDURES FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
| JPS55121953A (en) * | 1979-03-09 | 1980-09-19 | Nippon Asbestos Co Ltd | Inorganic elestic foam and its manufacture |
| ES8406988A1 (en) * | 1982-01-27 | 1984-09-01 | Tolsa Sa | Sepiolite concrete additive |
| DE3225707A1 (en) * | 1982-07-09 | 1984-01-12 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Moulding composition comprising hydraulic binders and polymer fibrils |
-
1983
- 1983-01-16 JP JP58005762A patent/JPS59131551A/en active Granted
-
1984
- 1984-01-14 GB GB8401091A patent/GB2137977B/en not_active Expired
- 1984-01-16 DE DE19843401237 patent/DE3401237A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59131551A (en) | 1984-07-28 |
| DE3401237C2 (en) | 1989-03-23 |
| GB8401091D0 (en) | 1984-02-15 |
| GB2137977B (en) | 1986-06-11 |
| DE3401237A1 (en) | 1984-10-11 |
| GB2137977A (en) | 1984-10-17 |
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