JPH0226925B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

An object of the present invention is to provide a harvester that can fully demonstrate the performance of a threshing section and a sorting section, can adjust the load on the sorting section over a wide range, and can suppress a decline in work efficiency of harvesting work. By the way, a harvester which performs efficient reaping and threshing work by stabilizing the load on the threshing section and the sorting section is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 53-58335 or Japanese Utility Model Application No. 130062-1982. The combine shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-58335 is equipped with a device that detects the load on each of the multiple operating mechanisms in the threshing device, and when all of the detection devices are below the set value, the traveling speed is increased. However, if any one of them exceeds the set value, the traveling speed will be reduced, and the load on the sorting section cannot be adjusted over a wide range. Also, Utsukai Showa 54-
The threshing and sorting device shown in No. 130062 is equipped with a mechanism that automatically changes the petasen angle of the chaff sheave based on the detection result of a detector that detects the amount of recovered second grain. cannot be adjusted over a wide range by adjusting the coarseness and fineness of the chaff sieve mesh and slowing down the working speed. The present invention provides a harvester in which the load on the sorting section can be adjusted over a wide range, thereby reducing the efficiency of harvesting operations. The present invention will be described in detail below based on drawings showing embodiments thereof. FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing a threshing section D and a sorting section S of a harvester according to the present invention. The paddy threshed by the handling cylinder 11 of the threshing section D is transferred to the crimp net 1
2, No. 1 screw conveyor 16 via feed van 13, chaff sheave 14, grain sheave 15
From here, the grains are sent to the paddy bags via a grain frying conveyor (not shown), etc., but the grains are blown away by the karahan 20 and transferred to the No. 2 screw conveyor 1.
7, and after being transported horizontally by the conveyor 17, it is sent upward in the No. 2 thrower cylinder 18 and returned to the processing chamber arranged in parallel with the handling chamber that houses the handling cylinder 11. A second process is performed in a process cylinder 19 inside the process chamber. A rotary encoder 8 is installed at the end of the handling cylinder shaft 11a.
The disk 8a is mounted so as to rotate coaxially with the handling cylinder shaft 11a. Although the rotary encoder 8 directly serves as a means for detecting the rotational speed of the handling cylinder 11a,
Since there is a unique relationship between the load on the threshing section and the rotational speed of the handling drum, the rotary encoder 8 is used here as a means for detecting the load on the threshing section. At the outlet of the No. 2 thrower tube 18, a paddy sensor 9 is arranged to detect the amount of grains discharged from this tube, that is, the amount of No. 2 reduction. This paddy sensor 9 uses paddy,
A known grain loss sensor that converts collisions with straw etc. into electrical signals is used. In the machine of the present invention, the conditions for sorting by the chaff sheave 14 can be changed. This consists of a large number of swash plates 14 on the frame as a chaff sheave 14.
By using a rod 42r of the hydraulic cylinder 42 shown in FIG.
The swash plate is rotated to change the sieve size to small (nearly horizontal), and the sieve size is changed from coarse to fine. FIG. 2 shows a hydraulic circuit for the hydraulic cylinder 2 for driving the speed change lever 1 of the machine of the present invention and the hydraulic cylinder 42 for adjusting the mesh of the chaff sheave 14 described above. The hydraulic cylinder 2 supported by a trunnion in the vicinity of the gear shift lever 1 is of a double-acting type, and its rod 2r rotates the gear shift lever 1 in the direction of speed increase when retracted, and in the direction of deceleration when advanced. It is interlocked and connected with the speed change lever 1 for movement. The gear shift lever 1 is used for shifting gears of a transmission/transmission device such as a hydrostatic drive device that does not require clutch operation. Pressure oil supplied from hydraulic pump 3 is 4 ports 3
Via a position switching type solenoid valve 4, the oil is selectively supplied to the oil chamber 2a on the rod retraction drive side or the oil chamber 2b on the advancement drive side of the hydraulic cylinder 2, or is returned to the tank. That is, when the solenoid 4a (or 4b) of the solenoid valve 4 is energized, pressure oil is supplied to the oil chamber 2a (or 2b), the rod 2r retracts (or advances), and the gear shift lever 1 moves in the speed increasing (or decelerating) direction. When the solenoid valve 4 is turned to the neutral position and the working speed, that is, the vehicle speed is increased (or decelerated), and both solenoids 4a and 4b are demagnetized, the solenoid valve 4 becomes the neutral position and the pressure oil is returned to the tank.
Also, the ports leading to the oil chambers 2a and 2b are closed, and the position of the rod 2r, and therefore the position of the gear change lever 1, are locked to allow the vehicle to travel at a constant speed. Therefore, the oil chambers 2a and 2b
A 2-port 2-position switching type solenoid valve 5 is interposed between the oil passages, and the solenoid 5s
When demagnetizing, seal the communication between both oil passages as shown in the diagram,
Further, during excitation, both oil passages are communicated to unlock the rod 2r of the hydraulic cylinder 2 or the gear shift lever 1. The solenoid 5 is located at the top of the grip of the gear shift lever 1.
A normally open manual priority switch 6 is provided to energize the solenoid valve 5.
This allows the oil chambers 2a and 2b to communicate with each other, allowing free manual operation of the gear shift lever 1. Pressure oil supplied from the hydraulic pump 43 is selectively supplied from the rod 42r of the hydraulic cylinder 42 to the retracting drive side oil chamber 42a or the advancing drive side oil chamber 42b via a 4-port 3-position switching type electromagnetic valve 44. ,
Or it can be refluxed to a tank. That is, when the solenoid 44a (or 44b) of the solenoid valve 44 is energized, pressure oil is supplied to the oil chamber 42a (or 42b), the rod 42r moves in (or advances), and the sieve mesh of the chaf sieve 14 becomes coarse (or dense). Adjust so that FIG. 3 shows an electric circuit for adjusting the working speed (vehicle speed) and the screen mesh of the chaff sheave of the machine of the present invention, specifically the solenoids 4a, 4b, 5s, 44a, 44b.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the energization control circuit of FIG. The rotary encoder 8 consists of a disk 8a and a reed switch 8b placed near the disk 8a. disk 8
A plurality of magnetic bodies are fixed to the periphery of the reed switch 8b, and the reed switch 8b is turned on and off in accordance with the approach and separation of the magnetic bodies as the magnetic bodies rotate.
Reference numeral 81 is an integrator that is charged when the reed switch 8b is turned on and discharged through the resistor 8r, and its output voltage depends on the number of times the reed switch 8b is turned on per unit time, in other words. For example, the level changes depending on the rotational speed of the disk 8a or the handling cylinder 11. The output voltage of this integrator 81 is amplified by an amplifier 82 and then applied to a negative input terminal of a comparator 84 . A voltage V ₁ set by the potentiometer 83 is applied to the + input terminal of the comparator 84.
This voltage V ₁ is equal to the output voltage of the amplifier 82 when the handling drum rotational speed is v ₁ , and v ₁ is a value sufficiently lower than the rotational speed when the handling cylinder is normally loaded. The comparator 84 outputs a high level signal when the - input is at a lower level than the + input, but this signal is input to a trigger pulse generation circuit 85 that cuts out the rising edge of the signal, and the trigger pulse generated here is The signal is input to the mono multivibrator 86.
The mono-multivibrator 86 emits a pulse signal with a time width determined by its circuit constant, turns on the switch circuit 87b of the solenoid 4b for this time, and excites the solenoid 4b. This causes the rod 2r to advance and reduce the working speed. The output signal of the paddy sensor 9 is transmitted through a band wave generator 91,
It is connected to the +input terminal of the comparator 90a and the -input terminal of the comparator 90b via an amplifier 92, a mono multivibrator 93, and an integration circuit 94. The band wave transmitter 91 is provided for frequency-discriminating and extracting the output of the paddy sensor, which is generated when a portion of straw and paddy corresponding to paddy collides with the paddy sensor 9. As a result, the integrating circuit 94 outputs a voltage at a level corresponding to the amount of the second reduction. The other input terminals of the comparators 90a and 90b are supplied with voltages Va and Vb divided by a voltage divider 95.
(Va>Vb) is given. Va and Vb are voltages generated by the integrating circuit 94 when the paddy sensor 9 detects an excessive amount of the second reduction amount va, and voltages generated by the integrating circuit 94 when the paddy sensor 9 detects an insufficient amount of the second reduction amount vb.
is the voltage emitted by Therefore, the comparator 90b has the second reduction amount vb
When the output voltage of the integrating circuit 94 is below Vb, a high level output signal is generated. This output signal is the switch circuit 87a of the solenoid 44b.
Turn on the solenoid 44b to energize the rod 4.
The mesh of the chaff sieve 14 into which 2r has been advanced is made dense. The output of the comparator 90b passes through an on-delay circuit 96, a trigger pulse generation circuit 97 similar to the trigger pulse generation circuit 85, and a monomultivibrator 98 similar to the monomultivibrator 86, and then to a switch circuit 87a of the solenoid 4a.
given to. Therefore, the output voltage of the integrating circuit 94 is
If the voltage is below Vb, first energize the solenoid 44b to make the sieve of the chaf sieve 14 dense as described above, then energize the solenoid 4a by the delay time of the on-delay circuit 96 and the pulse generation time of the mono-multivibrator 98. Excite and increase working speed. On the other hand, the output of the comparator 90a is given to the switch circuit 87c of the solenoid 44a, and when the second reduction amount is more than va and the output voltage of the integrating circuit 94 is more than Va, the output of the comparator 90a becomes high level. The switch circuit 87c is turned on, the solenoid 44a is energized, the rod 42r is moved back and forth, and the mesh of the chaff sieve 14 is coarsened. Similarly to the comparator 90b, the output of the comparator 90a passes through the on-delay circuit 99, the trigger pulse generation circuit 100, and the mono-multivibrator 101 to the solenoid 4b.
is applied to the switch circuit 87b. Therefore, when the output voltage of the integrating circuit 94 becomes equal to or higher than Va, first the solenoid 44a is energized and the chaf sheave 14 is activated.
After making the sieve mesh coarse, the solenoid 4b is excited by the pulse generation time of the mono-multivibrator 101 with a delay of the delay time of the on-delay circuit 99,
Reduce working speed. In addition, a series circuit including a solenoid 5s and a manual priority switch 6 provided at the top of the speed change lever 1 is provided between the positive electrode of the power source and the body ground. The control operations of the inventive machine configured as described above are summarized as shown in Table 1.

[Table] In this way, the harvester of the present invention increases or decreases the working speed depending on the load on the threshing section and the amount of 2nd return.However, when the threshing load is light, even if the 2nd return amount is large, only the chaff sheave will work. I'll deal with it anyway, so
Work speed is not slowed down frequently and work can be done efficiently. Moreover, when the amount of No. 2 reduction is large after a certain period of time has elapsed after adjusting the chaf sheave, the working speed is reduced, so that no clogging occurs. In the present invention, when the switch 6 is closed, the solenoid 5a is energized and the two oil chambers 2a, 2b of the cylinder 2 are brought into communication via the electromagnetic valve, so manual operation can be performed easily and preferentially. Of course, the initial working speed is determined by such manual operation.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the threshing section and sorting section of the harvester according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the main part thereof, and FIG. is also a block diagram of the electric circuit. 1... Gear shift lever, 2, 42... Hydraulic cylinder,
4, 5, 44...Solenoid valve, 8...Rotary encoder, 9...Paddy sensor, 14...Chaff sheave.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A sensor for detecting the lightness or weight of the load on the threshing section; 2. A sensor for detecting the amount of return; a means for increasing or decreasing the working speed according to the lightness or weight of the load on the threshing section; 2.
A means of coarsely and finely adjusting the sieve mesh of the chaff sieve in relation to the amount of sieve reduction, when the threshing load is light and the amount of 2nd sieve reduction is large, the chaf sieve is coarsely adjusted, and after a certain period of time when the amount of 2nd sieve reduction is large. , a harvesting machine characterized in that it is equipped with means for reducing the working speed.