JPH0227540B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an actuator used to automatically operate, for example, a lock/unlock lever of an automobile door lock.

(Prior art) Conventionally, as an actuator used for this type of automobile door lock, etc., for example,
There is something like the one described in the -47551 publication.

That is, as shown in FIG.
The rotating shaft of is linked to a final gear c ₄ in which a substantially fan-shaped recess d is bored through a reduction gear train c ₁ , c ₂ , c ₃ in a case a′ that meshes with each other. A swingable pin f whose base end is fixed to the shaft e is provided in the recess d, and elastic bodies g are provided on the left and right side walls of the recess d.

The shaft e is linked to a lock lever l of an automobile door lock k via a swing arm h and a connecting rod j that actuate a lock/unlock sensing switch (not shown) (see FIG. 8).

Note that m is a manual lock operation mechanism and n is a door panel.

When the motor b is energized by operating a switch in the driver's seat, the pin f connected to the lock lever l is pushed in one direction by the recess d of the final gear _c4 , and the elastic body g is slightly bent. be restrained to become

Motor b is activated by the lock/unlock detection switch.
When becomes de-energized, the final gear _c4 is returned to its original position by the deflection reaction force accumulated in the elastic body g. When the manual lock operation mechanism m is operated, the pin f simply swings its head within the recess d, and the reduction gear c ₁ ~
c Do not link ₄ . Therefore, manual operating force is reduced.

However, since the actuator having the above-described structure performs deceleration using a spur gear train, the number of gear trains is inevitably increased in order to obtain a set reduction ratio, resulting in a disadvantage that the overall size becomes large.

In addition, after the operation is completed, the final gear _C4 is returned to its original position using the bending force of the elastic body, so even after the operation is completed, abnormal noise is generated and there are problems with the reliability of the operation. However, there were also problems that made the structure complicated.

As a solution to the above-mentioned problems, Jikosho
No. 58-10853 discloses an actuator in which a motor, a speed reducer, an electromagnetic clutch, and an output lever are arranged in series. However, in this actuator, the electromagnetic clutch is placed between the final part of the reducer and the output lever to connect and disconnect the reducer and the output lever, so the mounting position of the electromagnetic clutch is limited. , the size and thickness of the actuator increase, making it unsuitable for placement in a narrow area such as inside a door, and
The structure also has the disadvantage of being complicated.

(Object of the Invention) In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention aims at simplifying and downsizing the structure, and when transmitting power from the rotational drive means side to the output means side, the reduction ratio is significantly increased. To provide an actuator that can reduce the reduction ratio significantly when transmitting power from the output means side to the rotary drive means side, and that allows smooth manual operation. It is something.

(Structure of the Invention) An actuator according to the present invention includes a sun gear,
first and second internal gears that are arranged coaxially with the sun gear and are rotatable relative to each other; a first external gear that meshes with the first internal gear and the sun gear; and a first external gear that meshes with the first internal gear and the sun gear; The second external gear that meshes with the second internal gear is
a planetary gear integrally arranged on the same axis, and the mutual number of teeth of the first and second internal gears,
Alternatively, a reduction mechanism comprising the first and second external gears having slightly different numbers of teeth is housed in a case, and the sun gear is connected to a rotating shaft of a motor provided in the case. At the same time, the second internal gear is linked to an output means supported by the case so as to be movable within a predetermined operating range, and the first internal gear is fitted externally to the motor and inserted into the case. The first internal gear is connected to a cylindrical electromagnetic clutch that connects and disconnects the first internal gear and the case.

[First Embodiment] The first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.
This will be explained based on the diagram.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a hollow box-shaped case, which has a shape in which a right-facing U-shaped box-shaped part 2 on the left side and a semi-cylindrical part 3 on the right side meet at the center, and an opening part 1a is closed by a cover plate 4. and mounting pieces 1 are attached to the upper and lower end surfaces.
b and 1b are connected.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a rotation driving means, that is, a motor, which is housed in the semi-cylindrical portion 3 of the case 1 and has a rotating shaft 6 projecting horizontally from the center of the boss portion 5a facing the front. is rotatably supported by a cylindrical bearing 7 provided at the center of the inner end surface 4a of the cover plate 4.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a field core incorporating a cylindrical coil 8a, which constitutes one side of the clutch mechanism, that is, the electromagnetic clutch 9, and which also serves as the motor 5.
and case 1.

A ring-shaped friction plate 10 constituting the other side of the electromagnetic clutch 9 is disposed on the front surface of the upper field core 8 with a slight gap between the two. As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of sliding holes 10a are formed in two rows.

11 constitutes a speed reduction mechanism 13. A first internal gear, that is, a ring gear, which has a shaft hole 11a in its center and is pivotally connected to the outer periphery of the boss portion 5a of the motor, and the rear of a flange portion 11b connected to the outer periphery of the rear surface. The end surface 11c is the friction plate 1
Internal teeth 11e are cut into the inner circumferential surface of the annular portion 11d, which faces the front surface of the housing 1 and is connected to the outer peripheral edge of the front surface thereof.

As shown in FIG. 3, the rear end surface 11c of the ring gear 11 has a sliding hole 10a in the friction plate 10.
Pins 12 to be inserted into each are implanted.

Therefore, when the electromagnetic clutch 9 is de-energized, the friction plate 10 is not attracted to the field core, so the ring gear 11 is rotatable;
When the electromagnetic clutch 9 is energized, the friction plate 10
Since the ring gear 11 is attracted to the field core 8, the ring gear 11 cannot rotate relative to the field core 8, that is, it is fixed to the case 1.

FIG. 1 shows a differential gear train that forms the main part of the speed reduction mechanism 13, which is an external gear 14 that is fixed to the rotating shaft 6 of the motor 5 in a relatively non-rotatable manner.
a sun gear 14 and the ring gear 11
It consists of internal teeth 11e, and three planetary gears 15 that mesh with both of these internal teeth 11e.

Each planetary gear 15 is pivotally connected to a shaft 17 that projects from a carrier plate 16 that is pivotally connected to the rotating shaft 6 at an opening angle of 120 degrees.

Further, each of the planetary gears 15 has two stages of gears, a first external gear 15a and a second external gear 15b, and as shown in FIG.
The first external gears 15a are in mesh with each other.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a second internal gear, that is, a gear plate, which constitutes the speed reduction mechanism 13, and has a substantially thin cylindrical shape with an open rear surface. Pivotally fitted to the outer circumferential surface.

Further, on the inner circumferential surface of the recess, internal teeth 1 that mesh with the second external gear 15b of the planetary gear 15 are provided.
8b is cut out.

In this embodiment, the number of teeth of the first external gear 15a of the planetary gear 15 is set to X, and the number of teeth of the second external gear 15b is set to X-1, so that the information is transmitted to the gear plate 18. The rotational speed is now significantly reduced.

In addition, the number of teeth Y of the internal teeth 11e of the ring gear 11
and the number of teeth Y' of the internal teeth 18b of the gear plate 18, Y=Y'.

As shown in FIG. 4, a boss part 19 having a flange part 19a is provided on the upper surface of the box-shaped part 2 of the case 1, and a hole 20 with a rectangular cross section forming upper and lower sides is provided at the center of the boss part 19. is drilled.

Reference numeral 21 denotes an output means, that is, a slider, which has a rectangular columnar shape and includes a main body 21a fitted into the hole 20 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction, and a circle connected to the upper end of the main body 21a via a flange 21b. It consists of a plate-shaped connecting part 21c.

The connecting portion 21c has a stepped hole 2 whose front surface is enlarged in diameter.
2 is drilled so that the lower end of a connecting rod (both not shown) that cooperates with the door lock can be attached. Further, a telescopic, bellows-shaped protective cover 23 is attached between the flange portion 21b and the flange portion 19a of the boss portion 19.

The rear surface and right side of the main body 21a are the case main body 1
The guide plate 24 is guided by a guide plate 24, and a groove 21d whose front surface is open is cut in the lower end of the guide plate 24. A free end of a pin 25 that projects rearward from a projecting piece 18c extending from the outer circumference of the gear plate 18 is inserted into the groove 21d, and the gear plate 18 and the slider 21 are connected to each other. are linked to each other.

Reference numeral 26 denotes a detection means for detecting the movement of the slider 21, that is, a switch, which is provided on the left side of the motor in the case 1, and is connected to the switch operation section 2.
The engagement piece 26b that protrudes laterally from the slider 21 is inserted into the groove 21d of the slider 21.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, when the slider 21 is moved up and down with a stroke of the movement amount S, the switch is activated at each of the upper limit locked position and the lower limit unlocked position. This signal is adapted to cause the electromagnetic clutch 9 and the motor 5 to be de-energized via a control means (not shown).

(Operations and Effects of the First Embodiment) When the actuator is used as an operating means for an automobile door lock, a connecting rod (not shown) is connected to the connecting portion 21c of the slider 21 shown in FIG. 1 through the stepped hole 22. It is connected to the car door lock device.

When the motor 5 and the electromagnetic clutch 9 are energized by operating a switch on the driver's seat, the friction plate 10 shown in FIG. 2 is attracted to the field core 8 by the excitation of the electromagnetic clutch 9. Therefore, the ring gear 11, which is relatively non-rotatable, is fixed to this friction plate 10.

The rotation of the motor 5 is caused by the sun gear 14 and the planetary gear 1.
5, the first external gear 15a, the second external gear 15b,
It is sequentially transmitted to the gear plate 18.

In this case, since the numbers of teeth of the first and second external gears 15a and 15b of the planetary gear 15 are different, the rotation of the motor 5 is significantly decelerated and transmitted to the gear plate 18.

Gear plate 18 as shown by the arrow in FIG.
As the projecting piece 18c rotates, the slider 2
1 and the switch operating section 26a are raised.

When the protruding piece 18c and the connecting part 21c reach the locked position shown by the imaginary line, the door lock device becomes locked with a stroke of the moving amount S of the slider 21, and at the same time, the switch 26 is activated.
Motor 5 is stopped.

When the motor 5 rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow in FIG.
8 is a slider 21 and a switch operation section 26a
is lowered to reach the unlocked state shown by the solid line, and at the same time, the switch 26 is activated and the motor 5 is stopped.

When manually locking and unlocking the door lock device, the electromagnetic clutch 9 is de-energized, so the ring gear 11 is not fixed and is rotatable.

Therefore, when the slider 21 is pushed down or pulled up, the gear plate 18, the planetary gear 15, the ring gear 11, the sun gear 14, and the rotating shaft 6 are integrated into a so-called suspended state. , rotates by a minute angle around the rotation axis 6.

Since the reduction ratio at this time is 1 and the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 6 is minute, locking and unlocking operations can be performed smoothly without reversing the reduction mechanism.

(Second Embodiment) FIGS. 6 and 7 show a second embodiment of the present invention, which uses a swinging arm as an output means in place of the slider of the first embodiment. The motor, electromagnetic clutch, and speed reduction mechanism have the same structure as the first embodiment, so their explanation will be omitted.

At the center of the front surface of the gear plate 28 on the output side of the speed reduction mechanism 13 housed in the case 27, an output shaft 30 is integrally protruded and extends through the cover plate 29.

The outer periphery of the free end of the output shaft 30 includes an output means,
That is, the middle portion of the swing arm 31 is fixed.

A pair of left and right protruding walls 32 are symmetrically provided on the boss portion 29a of the lid plate 29, and these protruding walls 3
Detecting means, that is, limit switches 33 are disposed on the inner surfaces of the swing arms 2 and within the rotation locus of the lower end portion 31a of the swing arm 31, respectively.

When the swing arm 31 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise in FIG.
In the locked/unlocked position, the operating pieces 31b protruding from the lower end 31a each engage the limit switch 3.
3.

A hole 34 is bored in the upper end of the swinging arm 31, and the swinging arm 31 is linked to an automobile door lock via a connecting rod (not shown) connected to the hole 34.

Note that 27a is a mounting piece that projects upward and downward from the case 27.

When the motor 5 and the electromagnetic clutch 9 are energized by operating a switch in the driver's seat, the rotational force of the motor 5 is decelerated and transmitted to the output shaft 30, and as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. When the locking position is reached, the limit switch 33 is activated and the motor 5 is stopped via a control means (not shown).

When the motor 5 is reversely rotated and reaches the unlocked position, the limit switch 33 is activated and the rotation of the swing arm 31 is similarly stopped at the required angle.

When the swinging arm 31 is rotated by manual operation, the electromagnetic clutch 9 is in the de-energized state, as described in the first embodiment, so that the ring gear 1
1 is not fixed and can be smoothly locked and unlocked.

The second embodiment has the advantage that the structure is simpler than the first embodiment, the number of parts can be reduced, and the whole can be made smaller.

(Modification) In the above-described embodiment, the deceleration mechanism is configured to reduce the speed by slightly different numbers of teeth between the first and second external gears of the planetary gear.
The first and second external gears of these planetary gears may have the same number of teeth, and the first and second internal gears may have slightly different numbers of teeth.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the actuator of the present invention, the electromagnetic clutch that connects and disconnects the first internal gear and the case is cylindrical, and is fitted outside the motor and provided inside the case. The thickness of the entire actuator in the direction of the rotation axis can be significantly reduced compared to conventional ones, and in connection with this, the first internal gear, the second internal gear, and their The sun gear, planet gear, output means, etc. disposed inside can be housed compactly in the case, and the structure of the entire device can be simplified and downsized.

Further, according to the present invention, when power is transmitted from the motor side to the output means side, the reduction ratio can be made significantly large, and conversely, when power is transmitted from the output means side to the motor side, the electromagnetic clutch is used. By cutting off the connection between the first internal gear and the case, the reduction ratio can be significantly reduced.

Therefore, the operating force when manually operating the output means can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing the first embodiment of the present invention with the lid plate removed from the case, and FIG.
A vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 1, and FIG.
2 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the main part, FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the V-V line in FIG. 1, and FIG. and FIG. 7 show the second embodiment of the present invention, and the sixth embodiment shows the second embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a front view, FIG. 7 is a central longitudinal sectional view, FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a conventional automobile door lock operation mechanism, and FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the actuator in FIG. 8. 1,27...Case, 4,29...Lid plate, 5...
...Motor (rotation drive means), 6...Rotating shaft, 9...
...Electromagnetic clutch (clutch mechanism), 10...Friction plate, 11...Ring gear (first internal gear), 13
...Reduction mechanism, 15... Planetary gear, 15a... First external gear, 15b... Second external gear, 16...
Carrier plate, 18, 28...Gear plate (second internal gear), 21...Slider (output means), 25...Pin, 26...Switch (detection means), 26a...Switch operating section, 30 ... Output shaft, 31 ... Swing arm (output means), 33 ...
Limit switch (detection means).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A sun gear, first and second internal gears that are arranged coaxially with the sun gear and are rotatable relative to each other, and a first external gear that meshes with the first internal gear and the sun gear. a toothed gear and a second external gear that meshes with the second internal gear, and a planetary gear integrally arranged on the same axis, and the mutual number of teeth of the first and second internal gears, Alternatively, a reduction mechanism comprising the first and second external gears having slightly different numbers of teeth is housed in a case, and the sun gear is connected to a rotating shaft of a motor provided in the case. At the same time, the second internal gear is linked to an output means supported by the case so as to be movable within a predetermined operating range, and the first internal gear is fitted externally to the motor and inserted into the case. An actuator, characterized in that the actuator is connected to a cylindrical electromagnetic clutch that connects and disconnects the first internal gear and the case.