JPH0228795B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0228795B2 JPH0228795B2 JP60041280A JP4128085A JPH0228795B2 JP H0228795 B2 JPH0228795 B2 JP H0228795B2 JP 60041280 A JP60041280 A JP 60041280A JP 4128085 A JP4128085 A JP 4128085A JP H0228795 B2 JPH0228795 B2 JP H0228795B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- heat
- temperature
- mass flow
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/003—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using thermochemical reactions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(イ) 産業上の利用分野
本発明は金属水素化物の水素化、脱水素化反応
を利用した蓄熱装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a heat storage device that utilizes hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions of metal hydrides.
(ロ) 従来の技術
ある種の金属あるいは合金は水素と可逆的に反
応するが、この際に生じる反応熱を有効利用しよ
うという試みが現在盛んになされ、その一つに蓄
熱装置があり、各種提案されている。(b) Prior art Certain metals or alloys react reversibly with hydrogen, and there are currently many attempts to effectively utilize the heat of reaction generated at this time. One of these is a heat storage device. Proposed.
しかし、従来のこの種の蓄熱装置は、例えば特公
昭59−1949号公報に見られるように、金属水素化
物を収容する熱交換装置に水素ガス容器を接続し
て水素ガスを移動させ、蓄熱、放熱を行なうよう
にしていたため、効率の良い蓄熱装置が得られな
かつた。However, in conventional heat storage devices of this kind, for example, as seen in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-1949, a hydrogen gas container is connected to a heat exchange device containing a metal hydride to transfer hydrogen gas, and heat storage and Because heat was dissipated, an efficient heat storage device could not be obtained.
即ち、従来装置においては、放熱時には水素ガ
スを水素ガス容器から熱交換装置へ移動させる必
要があり、そのためには水素ガス容器圧力を熱交
換装置圧力よりも常に高く保たなければならな
い。しかし、最初は水素ガス容器圧力が高くても
水素ガスを移動させるに従つて水素ガス容器圧力
は次第に減少する一方、熱交換装置圧力は次第に
増加し、すぐに平衡圧に達してそれ以上の水素ガ
スの移動が行なわれなくなる。これは蓄熱時にお
いても同様であり、熱交換装置側から水素ガス容
器側へある程度の水素ガスが移動するとすぐに平
衡圧に達して移動は止まり、それ以上の水素ガス
移動を行なわせるには熱交換装置に高温の熱を供
給しなければならなかつた。 That is, in the conventional device, it is necessary to move hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas container to the heat exchange device during heat radiation, and for this purpose, the hydrogen gas container pressure must always be kept higher than the heat exchange device pressure. However, even if the pressure in the hydrogen gas container is initially high, as hydrogen gas is transferred, the pressure in the hydrogen gas container gradually decreases, while the pressure in the heat exchanger gradually increases, quickly reaching equilibrium pressure, and further hydrogen Gas movement will no longer occur. This is the same during heat storage; as soon as a certain amount of hydrogen gas moves from the heat exchanger side to the hydrogen gas container side, the equilibrium pressure is reached and the movement stops; High temperature heat had to be supplied to the exchange equipment.
また、熱交換装置から放熱器に熱を取り出す場
合を考えれば、熱交換装置における発熱量に従つ
て水素ガス容器から熱交換装置クへ供給する水素
ガスを所望の値に制御しなければならない。これ
を、前記従来装置において、放熱器へ供給する熱
媒体流体温度が所望の温度になるように水素ガス
流量弁である差圧調整装置を開閉することにより
行なつていた。このため、従来装置では、熱交換
装置での応答遅れのために熱媒体流体温度は所望
値を大きく外れてハンチングする。また、放熱器
から先はオープンループ制御のため、放熱器が暖
房装置である場合、室内に外気が入る等の外乱が
生じてもこれを直ちに修正することができず快適
な暖房が得られなかつた。 Furthermore, when considering the case where heat is taken out from the heat exchange device to the radiator, the hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen gas container to the heat exchange device must be controlled to a desired value according to the calorific value in the heat exchange device. In the conventional device, this is accomplished by opening and closing a differential pressure regulating device, which is a hydrogen gas flow valve, so that the temperature of the heat medium fluid supplied to the radiator reaches a desired temperature. Therefore, in the conventional device, the heat medium fluid temperature greatly deviates from the desired value and hunts due to the response delay in the heat exchange device. In addition, since the radiator is open-loop controlled, if the radiator is a heating device, even if a disturbance occurs such as outside air entering the room, it cannot be corrected immediately and comfortable heating cannot be obtained. Ta.
(ハ) 発明が解決しようとする問題点
本発明は上記の点に鑑み、水素ガスの移動量を
大きくして蓄熱、放熱効率を改善すると共に、温
度制御の安定性並びに応答特性を改善してハンチ
ングを防止し、外乱に対しても強く熱負荷を所望
温度に制御できる蓄熱装置を提供することを目的
とする。(c) Problems to be Solved by the Invention In view of the above points, the present invention increases the amount of hydrogen gas movement to improve heat storage and heat radiation efficiency, and improves the stability and response characteristics of temperature control. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat storage device that prevents hunting, is strong against disturbances, and can control the heat load to a desired temperature.
(ニ) 問題を解決するための手段
このため、本発明は水素圧力−温度平衡特性の
異なる２種類の金属水素化物を熱媒管と共に耐圧
容器内に各々収納し、両耐圧容器間を電磁開閉弁
と質量流量計とを有する水素流通路で連結する一
方、制御すべき熱負荷の温度と設定温度との差を
水素質量流量相当の制御信号に変換し、この制御
信号を前記質量流量計の出力積分値と比較し、そ
の偏差に応じて前記電磁開閉弁を開閉制御するよ
うにしたことを特徴としている。(d) Means for solving the problem Therefore, in the present invention, two types of metal hydrides having different hydrogen pressure-temperature equilibrium characteristics are each housed in a pressure vessel together with a heat transfer pipe, and electromagnetic switching is performed between the two pressure vessels. The valve and the mass flow meter are connected by a hydrogen flow path, and the difference between the temperature of the heat load to be controlled and the set temperature is converted into a control signal equivalent to the hydrogen mass flow rate, and this control signal is transmitted to the mass flow meter. The present invention is characterized in that the electromagnetic on-off valve is controlled to open and close in accordance with the deviation by comparing the output integral value.
(ホ) 作用
水素圧力−温度平衡特性の異なる２種類の金属
水素化物を用い、その間を熱負荷温度に応じて水
素ガスを移動させる。これにより、２種類の金属
水素化物は完全に水素吸収あるいは放出状態にな
るまで水素ガスの移動が行なわれて、水素移動量
が大きくなり、蓄熱、放熱効率が改善される。(E) Effect Two types of metal hydrides with different hydrogen pressure-temperature equilibrium characteristics are used, and hydrogen gas is moved between them according to the heat load temperature. As a result, hydrogen gas is transferred until the two types of metal hydrides completely absorb or release hydrogen, increasing the amount of hydrogen transfer and improving heat storage and heat radiation efficiency.
また、熱負荷温度をフイードバツク量として採
用しているため、熱負荷部分に外乱が生じてもこ
れを含めて制御動作が行なわれ、熱負荷温度を所
望の値に制御することができる。 Further, since the heat load temperature is employed as the feedback amount, even if a disturbance occurs in the heat load portion, the control operation is performed including the disturbance, and the heat load temperature can be controlled to a desired value.
しかも、その温度制御は従来のようにフイード
バツク量としての検出温度そのものが所望値にな
るように水素ガス流量調節弁である電磁開閉弁を
開閉制御するのではなく、検出温度と設定値との
差を熱交換器の応答遅れを考慮した種々の制御動
作を有する水素ガス流量制御信号に変換し、水素
ガスの流量制御を応答速度の速い電磁開閉弁によ
り行なつているため、制御の応答遅れが無くな
り、種々の外乱に対して熱負荷温度を応答性良く
安定に制御することができる。 Moreover, the temperature control is not performed by controlling the opening and closing of an electromagnetic valve, which is a hydrogen gas flow rate control valve, so that the detected temperature itself as a feedback amount becomes the desired value, as in the past, but by controlling the difference between the detected temperature and the set value. is converted into a hydrogen gas flow rate control signal with various control operations that take into account the response delay of the heat exchanger, and the hydrogen gas flow rate is controlled by a fast-response electromagnetic on-off valve, which reduces the control response delay. Therefore, the heat load temperature can be stably controlled with good responsiveness to various disturbances.
(ヘ) 実施例
以下、図面に示す実施例について、更に詳細に
説明する。(f) Examples The examples shown in the drawings will be described in more detail below.
第１図は本発明の一実施例に係る蓄熱装置のブ
ロツク図である。蓄熱槽１と水素貯蔵槽２は共
に、耐圧容器内に金属水素化物３，４と熱媒管
５，６を収納し、水素ガスを出し入れする水素導
管７，８を有する従来公知の構成を採るが、蓄熱
槽１に収納される金属水素化物３の方が水素貯蔵
槽２に収納される金属水素化物４よりも反応温度
の高いものを選んでいる。 FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a heat storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Both the heat storage tank 1 and the hydrogen storage tank 2 have a conventionally known configuration in which metal hydrides 3, 4 and heat medium pipes 5, 6 are housed in a pressure-resistant container, and hydrogen conduits 7, 8 are provided for introducing and removing hydrogen gas. However, the metal hydride 3 stored in the heat storage tank 1 is selected to have a higher reaction temperature than the metal hydride 4 stored in the hydrogen storage tank 2.
蓄熱槽１側の熱媒管５は三方切換弁９を介して
熱負荷である貯湯槽１０と蓄熱源であるソーラコ
レクタ１１とに接続されている。一方、水素貯蔵
槽２側の熱媒管６は三方切換弁１２を介して工場
廃熱等の熱源１３と、冷却水源１４とに接続され
ている。 The heat medium pipe 5 on the heat storage tank 1 side is connected via a three-way switching valve 9 to a hot water storage tank 10 as a heat load and a solar collector 11 as a heat storage source. On the other hand, the heat medium pipe 6 on the side of the hydrogen storage tank 2 is connected to a heat source 13 such as factory waste heat and a cooling water source 14 via a three-way switching valve 12.
水素貯蔵槽２側の水素導管８は電磁開閉弁１
５，質量流量計１６を有する水素流通路１７を介
して蓄熱槽１側の水素導管７に接続されている。 The hydrogen conduit 8 on the hydrogen storage tank 2 side is connected to the electromagnetic on-off valve 1
5. It is connected to the hydrogen conduit 7 on the heat storage tank 1 side via a hydrogen flow path 17 having a mass flow meter 16.
質量流量計１６は単位時間に予め決められた領
域も通過する流体即ちこの場合水素ガスの質量を
計測するもので、その計測した水素質量流量信号
Ａを積分器１８に出力する。 The mass flow meter 16 measures the mass of a fluid passing through a predetermined area per unit time, that is, hydrogen gas in this case, and outputs the measured hydrogen mass flow signal A to the integrator 18.
積分器１８は一定周期毎に積分動作を開始し、
その水素質量流量信号Ａを順次積算して水素ガス
のトータルの質量流量を算出し、その水素質量流
量積算信号Ｂを比較器１９に出力する。 The integrator 18 starts an integration operation at regular intervals,
The hydrogen mass flow rate signal A is sequentially integrated to calculate the total mass flow rate of hydrogen gas, and the hydrogen mass flow rate integrated signal B is output to the comparator 19.
一方、貯湯槽１０には熱電対等の温度センサ２
０が配設されて、検出された熱負荷温度信号Ｃは
調節器２１に出力される。 On the other hand, a temperature sensor 2 such as a thermocouple is installed in the hot water storage tank 10.
0 is provided, and the detected heat load temperature signal C is output to the regulator 21.
調節器２１はこの熱負荷温度信号Ｃをそこに加
えられる温度設定信号Ｄと比較し、その偏差を
PID演算したのち、水素質量流量相当の制御信号
Ｅに変換して比較器１９に出力する。即ち、調節
器２１では熱負荷温度偏差を速く安定して無くす
に必要な水素総質量流量信号を一定周期毎に算出
し、これを制御信号Ｅとして比較器１９に出力す
る。 The regulator 21 compares this heat load temperature signal C with the temperature setting signal D applied thereto, and calculates the deviation.
After performing the PID calculation, it is converted into a control signal E equivalent to the hydrogen mass flow rate and output to the comparator 19. That is, the regulator 21 calculates the hydrogen total mass flow rate signal required to quickly and stably eliminate the heat load temperature deviation at regular intervals, and outputs this as the control signal E to the comparator 19.
比較器１９はこの制御信号Ｅと水素質量流量積
算信号Ｂとを比較し、前記一定周期毎にその弁開
閉信号Ｆを電磁開閉弁１５に出力してON−OFF
サイクル制御を行なう。 The comparator 19 compares this control signal E with the hydrogen mass flow rate integration signal B, and outputs the valve opening/closing signal F to the electromagnetic opening/closing valve 15 at the above-mentioned fixed period to turn ON/OFF.
Perform cycle control.
上記積分器１８，比較器１９，調節器２１の動
作はシーケンス制御器２２により制御される。 The operations of the integrator 18, comparator 19, and regulator 21 are controlled by a sequence controller 22.
以上の構成で、蓄熱、放熱動作は以下のように
行なわれる。即ち、今、水素は水素貯蔵槽２側よ
り蓄熱槽１側に流れるように熱源１３の温度T1
が調節されているものとする。また、貯湯槽１０
の設定温度Ｄはこれと対応する蓄熱槽１の平衡圧
力が熱源１３の温度T1に対応する水素貯蔵槽２
の平衡圧力を越えないよう設定されているものと
する。 With the above configuration, heat storage and heat radiation operations are performed as follows. That is, the temperature of the heat source 13 is now T 1 so that hydrogen flows from the hydrogen storage tank 2 side to the heat storage tank 1 side.
is adjusted. In addition, hot water tank 10
The set temperature D of the hydrogen storage tank 2 corresponds to the equilibrium pressure of the heat storage tank 1 corresponding to the temperature T 1 of the heat source 13.
The pressure shall be set so as not to exceed the equilibrium pressure of
第２図は本実施例の蓄熱装置における主要な信
号のタイムチヤートを示すものであつて、ａは熱
負荷温度、ｂは弁開閉信号、ｃは水素質量流量を
表わす。 FIG. 2 shows a time chart of the main signals in the heat storage device of this embodiment, where a represents the heat load temperature, b represents the valve opening/closing signal, and c represents the hydrogen mass flow rate.
ｎ番目の制御周期の開始時刻toにおいて、電磁
開閉弁１５に対し、弁開閉信号Ｆが送られ電磁開
閉弁１５が開状態となると共に、質量流量計１６
からの水素質量流量信号Ａは積分器１８により積
算され水素質量流量積算信号Ｂは比較器１９に入
力される。一方、熱負荷である貯湯槽１０の温度
は温度センサ２０により熱負荷温度信号Ｃとし
て、調整器２１において温度設定信号Ｄと比較さ
れる。その偏差信号εには比例、微分、積分等の
演算処理が施されて、水素質量流量相当の制御信
号Ｅに変換される。これにより、水素質量流量制
御信号Ｅは該当する制御周期内における平均水素
質量流量に制御周期を乗じた形で出力され、制御
周期内に流すべき水素の質量流量の総量を指示す
る。 At the start time t o of the n-th control cycle, the valve opening/closing signal F is sent to the electromagnetic switching valve 15 to open the electromagnetic switching valve 15, and the mass flowmeter 16
The hydrogen mass flow rate signal A is integrated by an integrator 18, and the hydrogen mass flow rate integrated signal B is input to a comparator 19. On the other hand, the temperature of the hot water storage tank 10, which is a heat load, is determined by a temperature sensor 20 as a heat load temperature signal C, and is compared with a temperature setting signal D in a regulator 21. The deviation signal ε is subjected to arithmetic processing such as proportionality, differentiation, and integration, and is converted into a control signal E corresponding to the hydrogen mass flow rate. As a result, the hydrogen mass flow rate control signal E is output in a form obtained by multiplying the average hydrogen mass flow rate within the corresponding control period by the control period, and indicates the total amount of hydrogen mass flow rate to be flowed within the control period.
この水素質量流量制御信号Ｅはｎ番目の制御周
期の開始時刻toに比較器１９に入力され、先に述
べた水素質量流量積算信号Ｂと比較され、一致し
たとき（第２図時刻to′）電磁開閉弁１５を閉状
態とする。 This hydrogen mass flow rate control signal E is input to the comparator 19 at the start time t o of the n-th control cycle, and is compared with the hydrogen mass flow rate integration signal B described earlier, and when they match (time t o in Figure 2). ') Close the electromagnetic on-off valve 15.
時刻to×1となると再び電磁開閉弁１５に開状態
の開閉弁制御信号が送られ、上記の動作が繰り返
される。 At time t o×1 , an on-off valve control signal indicating an open state is sent to the electromagnetic on-off valve 15 again, and the above operation is repeated.
このようにして、水素貯蔵槽２から蓄熱槽１に
水素ガスがほぼ完全に移動し終るまで、貯湯槽１
０の温度は設定温度に一定に制御される。その期
間は半日以上となり、夜間の給湯、暖房等が熱源
１３から30℃〜40℃の低温で行なえる。一方、日
中は、三方切換弁９および三方切換弁１２を切り
換え、ソーラコレクタ１１で集収した太陽熱を蓄
熱槽１に供給することにより金属水素化物３を脱
水素化し、水素貯蔵槽２に供給する。その間水素
貯蔵槽２の金属水素化物４は冷却水源１４により
冷却することにより、蓄熱槽１から水素貯蔵槽２
へ効率良く水素ガスを移動させ、貯蔵することが
できる。 In this way, until the hydrogen gas has almost completely moved from the hydrogen storage tank 2 to the heat storage tank 1,
The temperature of 0 is controlled to be constant at the set temperature. The period is more than half a day, and nighttime hot water supply, heating, etc. can be performed from the heat source 13 at a low temperature of 30°C to 40°C. On the other hand, during the day, the three-way switching valve 9 and the three-way switching valve 12 are switched to supply solar heat collected by the solar collector 11 to the heat storage tank 1 to dehydrogenate the metal hydride 3 and supply it to the hydrogen storage tank 2. . During that time, the metal hydride 4 in the hydrogen storage tank 2 is cooled by the cooling water source 14, so that the metal hydride 4 is transferred from the heat storage tank 1 to the hydrogen storage tank 2.
It is possible to efficiently move and store hydrogen gas.
以上の一連の制御動作における時間的な制御即
ち信号の入出力のタイミング、制御周期の設定等
はシーケンセ制御器２２により行なわれる。 The sequence controller 22 performs temporal control in the series of control operations described above, ie, signal input/output timing, control period setting, etc.
尚、上記実施例において、更に設定温度および
制御系の機能に見合つた適切な水素流量を予め調
節するため、調節弁２３は水素流通路内に有して
いてもよい。また、積分器１８，比較器１９，調
節器２１およびシーケンス制御器２２は各々独立
したアナログ回路およびデジタル回路により構成
されてもよく、また、マイクロコンピユータを用
いて一体化してもよい。 In the above embodiment, the control valve 23 may be provided in the hydrogen flow path in order to further adjust in advance an appropriate hydrogen flow rate commensurate with the set temperature and the function of the control system. Furthermore, the integrator 18, the comparator 19, the regulator 21, and the sequence controller 22 may each be constructed from independent analog circuits and digital circuits, or may be integrated using a microcomputer.
(ト) 発明の効果
以上のように本発明によれば、水素圧力−温度
平衡特性の異なる２種類の金属水素化物を熱交換
器と共に耐圧容器内に各々充填し、両耐圧容器間
を電磁開閉弁と質量流量計とを有する水素流通路
で連結し、熱負荷温度に応じて水素ガスを移動さ
せるようにしたので、２種類の金属水素化物は完
全に水素吸収あるいは放出状態になるまで水素ガ
スの移動が行なわれて、水素移動量を大きくして
蓄熱、放熱効率を改善することができるようにな
る。(G) Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, two types of metal hydrides having different hydrogen pressure-temperature equilibrium characteristics are filled into pressure vessels together with a heat exchanger, and electromagnetic switching is performed between the two pressure vessels. Since the two metal hydrides are connected by a hydrogen flow path with a valve and a mass flow meter, and the hydrogen gas is moved according to the heat load temperature, the two metal hydrides are able to absorb hydrogen gas until they completely absorb or release hydrogen. As a result, the amount of hydrogen transferred can be increased to improve heat storage and heat dissipation efficiency.
熱負荷温度をフイールドバツク量として採用し
ているため、熱負荷部分に外乱が生じてもこれを
含めて制御動作を行ない温度を所望の値に制御す
ることができる。 Since the heat load temperature is used as the fieldback amount, even if a disturbance occurs in the heat load portion, the temperature can be controlled to a desired value by performing control operations that include this disturbance.
制御すべき熱負荷の温度と設定温度との差を水
素質量流量相当の制御信号に変換し、これを前記
質量流量計の出力積分値と比較し、その偏差に応
じて前記電磁開閉弁を開閉制御するようにしたの
で、比例、積分、微分等の種々の制御動作が可能
となり熱交換器における制御の応答遅れが無くな
り、熱負荷温度を応答性良く安定に制御すること
ができる。 The difference between the temperature of the heat load to be controlled and the set temperature is converted into a control signal equivalent to the hydrogen mass flow rate, this is compared with the output integral value of the mass flowmeter, and the electromagnetic on-off valve is opened or closed according to the deviation. Since the heat exchanger is controlled, various control operations such as proportional, integral, and differential operations are possible, and there is no delay in control response in the heat exchanger, making it possible to stably control the heat load temperature with good responsiveness.
第１図は本発明の一実施例に係る蓄熱装置のブ
ロツク図、第２図ａ〜ｃはその動作を説明するた
めの主要信号のタイムチヤートである。
１……蓄熱槽、２……水素貯蔵槽、３，４……
金属水素化物、５，６……熱媒管、７，８……水
素導管、９，１２……三方切換弁、１０……貯湯
槽、１１……ソーラコレクタ、１３……熱源、１
４……冷却水源、１５……電磁開閉弁、１６……
質量流量計、１７……水素流通路、１８……積分
器、１９……比較器、２０……温度センサ、２１
……調節器、２１……シーケンス制御器、２３…
…調節弁。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a heat storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 a to 2 c are time charts of main signals for explaining its operation. 1... Heat storage tank, 2... Hydrogen storage tank, 3, 4...
Metal hydride, 5, 6... Heat medium pipe, 7, 8... Hydrogen conduit, 9, 12... Three-way switching valve, 10... Hot water storage tank, 11... Solar collector, 13... Heat source, 1
4...Cooling water source, 15...Solenoid shut-off valve, 16...
Mass flow meter, 17...Hydrogen flow path, 18...Integrator, 19...Comparator, 20...Temperature sensor, 21
...Adjustor, 21...Sequence controller, 23...
…Control valve.
Claims (1)
属水素化物を熱媒管と共にそれぞれ収納して成る
２つの耐圧容器と、一方の耐圧容器の熱媒管に接
続される熱負荷と、他方の耐圧容器の熱媒管に接
続される熱源と、前記両耐圧容器間を連結する水
素流通路と、この水素流通路上に配置される電磁
開閉弁および質量流量計と、この質量流量計の出
力を積分する積分器と、前記熱負荷の温度を設定
温度と比較し、その差を水素質量流量相当の制御
信号に変換する調節器と、この調節器から出力さ
れる制御信号と前記積分器から出力される水素質
量流量積算信号とを比較し、その差に応じて前記
電磁開閉弁を開閉する信号を出力する比較器とを
備えて成ることを特徴とする蓄熱装置。1 Two pressure vessels each housing two types of metal hydrides with different hydrogen pressure-temperature equilibrium characteristics together with a heat medium tube, a heat load connected to the heat medium tube of one pressure vessel, and a pressure vessel of the other pressure vessel. A heat source connected to the heat medium pipe of the container, a hydrogen flow path connecting both of the pressure-resistant containers, an electromagnetic on-off valve and a mass flowmeter placed on this hydrogen flow path, and the output of this mass flowmeter are integrated. an integrator that compares the temperature of the heat load with a set temperature and converts the difference into a control signal equivalent to a hydrogen mass flow rate; 1. A heat storage device comprising: a comparator that outputs a signal for opening and closing the electromagnetic on-off valve according to the difference between the hydrogen mass flow integrated signal and the integrated hydrogen mass flow rate signal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60041280A JPS61202090A (en) | 1985-03-04 | 1985-03-04 | Heat accumulator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60041280A JPS61202090A (en) | 1985-03-04 | 1985-03-04 | Heat accumulator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61202090A JPS61202090A (en) | 1986-09-06 |
| JPH0228795B2 true JPH0228795B2 (en) | 1990-06-26 |
Family
ID=12604032
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60041280A Granted JPS61202090A (en) | 1985-03-04 | 1985-03-04 | Heat accumulator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61202090A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04326980A (en) * | 1991-04-26 | 1992-11-16 | Kyoritsu House Hiile Kk | Water purifier |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4126960A1 (en) * | 1991-08-14 | 1993-02-18 | Zeolith Tech | SORPTION APPARATUS FOR COOLING AND / OR HEATING |
-
1985
- 1985-03-04 JP JP60041280A patent/JPS61202090A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04326980A (en) * | 1991-04-26 | 1992-11-16 | Kyoritsu House Hiile Kk | Water purifier |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61202090A (en) | 1986-09-06 |
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