JPH0228903A - Electromagnet device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily match an electromagnet device with a monostable operation spring load by composing an auxiliary permanent magnet for supplying a magnetic flux to a yoke in the same direction as that of the magnetic flux of a permanent magnet which flows through the yoke at the reset position of the permanent magnet as part of the yoke. CONSTITUTION:An auxiliary permanent magnet 5 is so composed at the part of a yoke 3 as to supply a magnetic flux to the yoke 3 in the same direction as that of the magnetic flux of a permanent magnet 1 to flow through the yoke 3 in a state that the permanent magnet 1 is rotated by a spring load to attract an armature 2 to the poles 8a, 8b of the yoke 3. More specifically, it is interposed between yoke pieces 9 and 10 to be magnetically and mechanically coupled. The magnet 5 is so magnetized in the thicknesswise direction in the same direction as a coil axis direction. A winding 12 is wound on a coil bobbin 11, and the yoke 3 provided with the magnet 5 is associated with the bobbin 11. A shaft 14 is passed through the magnet 1, and the armature 2 adheres to poles N, S.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application] The present invention relates to an electromagnetic device applied to an electromagnetic contactor for opening/closing a three-phase motor.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 8 shows a conventional example. That is, this electromagnetic device is
A pair of permanent magnets 51 having magnetic poles N and S at both ends and a shaft portion 50 at the center, and extending portions 52a to 52d provided on the magnetic poles N and S, respectively, and extending in the rotation direction of the permanent magnet 51. and a substantially U-shaped yoke 54 having magnetic pole portions 56 at both ends located between the extension portions 52a to S2d of the pair of armatures 53 on the sides of the permanent magnet 51.
The coil 55 wound around the middle part of the yoke 54 and the armature 53 in one direction of rotation of the permanent magnet 51.
is provided with a spring load (not shown) that biases the yoke 54 to the return position where the yoke 54 is attracted to the magnetic pole portion 56 of the yoke 54. The yoke 54 is formed by combining an L-shaped yoke 54a and a U-shaped yoke 54b.

This electromagnetic device has armatures 5 at both ends of the coil 55.
3. Cokeco4. When the permanent magnet 51 is made symmetrical with respect to the center line M in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the coil, the magnetic attraction force becomes as shown in FIG. 11. In the figure, Ql is the magnetic attraction force characteristic curve when the rated voltage is applied, Q2 is the magnetic attraction force characteristic curve due only to the permanent magnet 51, and Q3 is the Q
The magnetic attraction force characteristic curve when the rated voltage is applied in the opposite direction to l, Q4 is a spring load line for bistable operation.

However, in the case of electromagnetic contactors, it is common to use monostable electromagnets instead of bistable ones, and in this case the spring load is biased towards the operating side as shown in Figure 12. Become. In FIG. 12, Q is a magnetic attraction force characteristic curve when the rated voltage is applied, Q2 is a magnetic attraction force characteristic curve due only to the permanent magnet 51, and Q4' is a spring load line for monostable operation.

Conventionally, in order to obtain a magnetic attraction force that can match this type of spring load, the surface area of the magnetic pole part 56 of the yoke 54 was made asymmetrical as shown in FIG. 57 is a residual plate.

These conventional examples have the advantage that only the dimensions of the parts need to be changed and the number of parts does not increase.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, these! In the magnet device, the magnetic attraction force at the end on the operating side or the return side becomes very steep because the magnetic pole area is made small.

Therefore, it is necessary to use a thicker regular plate 57, and using a thicker regular plate 57 increases the total magnetic gap. Therefore, there is a problem in that the magnetic resistance of the magnetic gap becomes large and the width of the magnetic attraction force becomes small.

Therefore, these electromagnetic devices have the disadvantage that they are difficult to match with a spring load for monostable operation.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electromagnetic device that is easy to match with a spring load for monostable operation.

[Means to solve the problem]

The electromagnet device of the present invention has an auxiliary permanent magnet configured as a part of the yoke to supply magnetic flux to the yoke in the same direction as the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet flowing through the yoke at the return position of the permanent magnet.

[Effect]

According to the configuration of the present invention, since the auxiliary permanent magnet is formed in a part of the yoke, the magnetic attraction force characteristic curves for both energized and non-excited states are entirely shifted toward the return side of the armature.

This makes it easier to match with a monostable spring load. Furthermore, since the attractive force on the l1ilI magnetic side is lower than in the conventional example, the influence of magnetic saturation is reduced.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 6. That is, this electromagnetic device includes a permanent magnet 1,
Armature 2 and yoke 3.

It has a coil 4 and an auxiliary permanent magnet 5.

The permanent magnet 1 has magnetic poles N and S formed at both ends, and a shaft portion 6 at the center.
has. The shaft portion 6 is formed by passing a shaft 14 formed by a pin into a hole 15 formed in the inside 11 of the permanent magnet 1.
is supported by an extension (not shown) of the coil frame 11, which will be described later. It is perpendicular to the magnetization direction of the shaft 14 and the permanent magnet 1.

The armature 2 has a pair of extension parts 7a to 7d, which are provided at the magnetic poles N and S, respectively, and extend in both directions of rotation of the permanent magnet 1. The armature 2 has a flat plate shape, and the armature 2 has the same shape and is fixed to the magnetic poles N and S of the permanent magnet 5 with an adhesive. Further, the permanent magnet 1 is urged to rotate in one direction (arrow A) directly or via the armature 2 by a spring load (not shown). A single return spring may be used as the spring load, but in the case of a relay etc., a contact spring may also be used.

The yoke 3 is a magnetic pole portion 11a located on the side of the permanent magnet 1 between the extension portions 7a to 7d of the armature 2.

It is approximately U-shaped with 8b at both ends. In the embodiment, the yoke 3 consists of an L-shaped yoke piece 9 and a 5-shaped yoke piece 10. The extension parts 7a to 7d and the magnetic pole parts 8a and 8b are
As shown in the figure, they face each other in a direction perpendicular to the coil axis direction with four gaps 01 to G4 in between.

The coil 4 is wound around the middle part of the yoke 3. The coil 4 is formed by winding a winding 12 around the outer periphery of a coil frame 11.

The hollow portion 13 of the coil frame 11 has a prismatic shape.

In the auxiliary permanent magnet 5, the permanent magnet 1 is rotated by a spring load, and the armature 2 is connected to the magnetic pole portion 8a of the yoke 3.

A part of the yoke 3 is configured to supply magnetic flux to the yoke 3 in the same direction as the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 1 flowing through the coke 3 while being attracted to the coke 8b. Specifically, yoke piece 9.
It is interposed by 10 connecting portions and is magnetically and mechanically coupled. The auxiliary permanent magnet 5 is in the form of a thin plate, and is magnetized in the thickness direction of the plate, and the magnetization direction is oriented in the same direction as the coil axis direction.

In addition, permanent magnet 1. Armature 2. The yoke 3 and the coil 4 are symmetrical about a center line 17 perpendicular to the coil axis direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, the t-magnet is assembled by winding the winding 12 around the coil frame 11 and assembling the yoke 3 provided with the auxiliary permanent magnet 5 into the coil frame 11.

A shaft 14 passes through the permanent magnet 1, and an armature 2 is bonded to the magnetic poles N and S, respectively.

Next, the operation will be explained. FIG. 3 shows a return state in which the coil 4 is not energized and is returned by a spring load. In this case, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 1 mainly flows through the path Φ1 (solid arrow). That is, the magnetic pole N of the permanent magnet 1 → the extension part 7a of the armature 2 → the gap G1 → the magnetic pole part 8a - the yoke piece 10 of the yoke 3 - the auxiliary permanent magnet 5 - the yoke piece 9 -
Magnetic pole part 8b → gap G4 → extension part 7 of armature 2
d → flows through the magnetic pole S of the permanent magnet 1. In addition, the magnetic flux generated from the auxiliary permanent magnet 5 mainly passes through the path Φ3 (-dotted chain arrow)
flows. Here, the magnetic flux generated by the auxiliary permanent magnet 5 is:
It flows in the same direction as the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 1, and plays the role of increasing the attractive force on the return side (-direction in FIG. 5).

On the other hand, FIG. 4 shows an operating state in which the coil 4 is excited. In this case, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 1 mainly passes through the path Φ1'
(solid arrow). That is, the magnetic i of the permanent magnet 1
N-Extending portion 7c of armature 2-Gap G3-Magnetic pole portion 8b-Yoke piece 9-Auxiliary permanent magnet 5-Yoke piece 10-
Magnetic pole part 8a - gap G2 - extension part 7 of armature 2
b→Flows through the magnetic pole S of the permanent magnet 1. Further, the magnetic flux generated by the auxiliary permanent magnet 5 mainly flows through the path Φ3' (-dotted chain arrow). In the operating state, the magnetic flux generated by the coil 4 flows through the coil 1 so that it flows along the path Φ2 (dashed arrow).
Therefore, the magnetic flux of the auxiliary permanent magnet 5 works in the direction of canceling the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 1 and the magnetic flux generated by the coil 1, and the attractive force on the operating side becomes smaller (in the - direction in Fig. 5). ).

Figure 5 shows the attractive force characteristics of the armature 2, P, is the attractive force characteristic curve when the rated voltage is applied when the auxiliary permanent magnet 5 is installed, and P2 is the impressive voltage when the auxiliary permanent magnet 5 is installed. P3 is the attractive force characteristic curve when applying the open voltage when the auxiliary permanent magnet 5 is installed, P4 is the attractive force characteristic curve when only the permanent magnet 1 is installed when the auxiliary permanent magnet 5 is installed. P5 is the spring load for monostable operation, P6 is the attractive force characteristic curve when the rated voltage is applied without the auxiliary permanent magnet 5, and P7 is the attractive force characteristic curve when only the permanent magnet 1 is used. This is a suction force characteristic curve.

According to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the conventional magnetic pole area is changed to make it oriented for monostable operation, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.
Compared to the steep attraction force characteristic curve R2 at the operating side end obtained by the electromagnet shown in the figure, the attraction force characteristic curve R2 at the operating side end obtained by this example +4fAP3 has a gentler inclination and elongation. Since the attractive force is higher than the monostable operating spring load curve P5 at the side end, there is no need to cant the magnetic attractive force at the operating side end using the regular plate 57 as in the conventional example. Since there is no need to change the magnetic pole area, symmetrical parts can be used.

Furthermore, since the regular plate 57 is not required, there is no need to reduce the total facing area of the magnetic gap as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, so the magnetic resistance of the magnetic gap can be reduced, and the electromagnetic contact The range of change F1 in the magnetic attraction force near the position T in FIG. 5 where the spring load force peculiar to the device rapidly increases can be increased, and therefore it becomes easier to match even a biased spring load such as an electromagnetic contactor.

Furthermore, since the auxiliary permanent magnet 5 is fitted into the hollow part 13 of the coil frame 11, it is easy to fix the auxiliary permanent magnet 5, and since the armature 2 is well balanced, stable operation can be obtained.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment in which the yoke pieces 9 and 10 and the auxiliary permanent magnet 5 are fixed. An adhesive 18 is applied to both sides of the auxiliary permanent magnet 5 in the magnetic pole direction, and the auxiliary permanent magnet 5 is attached by an adsorbing wrestler. The adhesive force of the agent 18 connects the yoke pieces 9 and 10 to the auxiliary permanent magnet 5.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the electromagnet device of the present invention, since the auxiliary permanent magnet is formed in a part of the yoke, the magnetic attraction force characteristic curves for energized and non-excited states are entirely shifted toward the return side of the armature. This makes it easier to match with a monostable spring load. Therefore, unlike the conventional example, there is no need to reduce the magnetic pole area of the gap, provide a regular plate, or increase the thickness of the regular plate, and a highly efficient monostable operating electromagnet can be obtained.

Furthermore, since the attractive force on the excitation side is lower than in the conventional example, the effect of magnetic saturation is reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view thereof, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the non-excited state, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the excited state, and FIG. A magnetic attraction force and spring load characteristic diagram of the armature, FIG. 6 is a magnetic attraction force and spring load characteristic diagram of the armature on the operating side, and FIG. 7 is a side view of another embodiment with the auxiliary permanent magnet installed. Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a conventional example, Figs. 9 and 10 are exploded perspective views of different conventional examples, Fig. 11 is a bistable magnetic attraction force and spring load characteristic diagram, and Fig. 12 is a bistable type magnetic attraction force and spring load characteristic diagram. FIG. 4 is a diagram of stable magnetic attraction force and spring load characteristics. 1... Permanent magnet, 2... Armature, 3... Yoke, 4... Coil, 5... Auxiliary permanent magnet, 6...
- Shaft portion, 7a to 7d... Extension portion, 8a, 8b... Magnetic pole portion... Permanent magnet... Armature... Yoke... Coil... Auxiliary permanent magnet 3a. 8b...Magnetic pole part No.1-N

Claims (1)

[Claims] a permanent magnet having magnetic poles formed at both ends and a shaft portion at the center; a pair of armatures each having an extending portion provided on each of the magnetic poles and extending in both directions of rotation of the permanent magnet; a substantially U-shaped yoke having magnetic pole portions at both ends located between the extension portions of the pair of armatures on the sides; and a coil wound around an intermediate portion of the yoke;
In the electromagnet device, the electromagnet device includes a spring load that biases the armature to a return position where the armature is attracted to a magnetic pole portion of the yoke in one direction of rotation of the permanent magnet, and the yoke is moved at the return position of the permanent magnet. An electromagnet device characterized in that an auxiliary permanent magnet that supplies magnetic flux to the yoke in the same direction as the flowing magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is configured as a part of the yoke.