JPH02294507A - Engine with electromagnetic valve driving device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a difference in a cam lift curve between the cases of the opening and closing of intake and exhaust valves by opening and closing said valves with an electromagnetic force so as to control the opening and closing timing and a valve lift amount. CONSTITUTION:Respective detection signals detected by the load sensor 5, rotation sensor 14 and position sensor 4 of an engine 13 are received by a controller 15 to supply current to a stator coil 20 and a rotor coil 24 in the valve lifter 10 of an electromagnetic valve driving device in response to the detected load signals so as to excite an electromagnet for driving a valve 1. Thus, the valve lifter 10 can be controlled independently of the rotation of a crankshaft, so that a valve lift amount, valve timing and opening and closing speed of each valve are commanded to the electromagnetic valve driving device so as to controllably open and close the valve according to asymmetrical cam profile in opening and closing the valve. Thus, the valves can be properly adjusted to the optimum condition according to the rotational speed of the engine 13 to satisfactorily run the engine 13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an engine equipped with a TLM valve drive device that controls opening and closing of intake and exhaust valves using electromagnetic force. [Conventional technology] Conventionally, electronic control was used to control the intake and exhaust valves according to the operating status of the engine. For example, the J engine is
It is disclosed in Publication No. 2312. This electronically controlled engine controls the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust valves of the engine using electricity and force, and controls the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust valves by inputting engine operating conditions and atmospheric conditions and sampling data at every predetermined crank angle. means for determining the timing, lift characteristics, on/off time ratio, and injection amount of the injector; means for outputting a drive signal to the solenoid of the intake and exhaust valves at every predetermined crank angle; and a drive signal to the injector when the intake valve is opened. It is equipped with a means for outputting. [Problem to be solved by the invention] Incidentally, the required performance of engines will be more compact, higher output, etc. in the future. On the other hand, engine performance requires high torque at low speeds, performance improvement due to increased workload, and improved fuel efficiency, i.e., no output loss.At high speeds, not so much torque is required, and the intake air is The engine is supplied to the combustion chamber by air, and there is no output loss due to intake air blowback. Therefore, it is possible to increase engine torque at low engine speeds, increase work volume, and improve intake efficiency by preventing intake air blowback. The desired challenge is to provide an engine that can achieve this improvement. The purpose of this invention is to solve the above problems,
The intake and exhaust valves are made of lightweight ceramic material and the intake and exhaust valves are made into 1! Focusing on the fact that the intake and exhaust valves can be controlled independently of the rotation of the crankshaft by opening and closing by magnetic force and changing the opening/closing timing and valve lift amount every time, the +hl+? 211 gives you more freedom in creating the cam profile of the intake and exhaust valves, creating a difference in the cam lift curve between opening and closing, and controlling the timing of the gap between the valves when the exhaust valve opens in the low speed range of the engine. To provide an engine equipped with an electromagnetic valve drive device, which improves the performance by increasing the amount of intake air, and controls the valve timing when the intake valve is closed to reduce blowback of intake air and improve intake efficiency. (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is configured as follows.That is, the present invention provides intake valves and exhaust valves that are opened and closed by electromagnetic force, and each of the valves. an electromagnetic valve drive device that opens and closes the valve using electromagnetic force, horizontal output means that detects the engine speed and crank angle, and a valve rev of each valve in response to each detection signal from each of the detection means;
This invention relates to an engine equipped with an electromagnetic valve drive device comprising a controller that commands the valve timing and opening/closing speed to the T-magnetic valve drive device to control opening and closing in an asymmetrical cam profile shape when opening and closing. Further, in response to a detection signal of a predetermined engine speed, the engine with this electromagnetic valve drive device sets the maximum valve lift amount of the intake valve earlier at low speeds than at high speeds, and adjusts the valve timing to close at low speeds. The valve is controlled to close quickly after bottom dead center earlier than when the engine is at high speed. Further, in response to a detection signal of a predetermined engine speed, the engine with the electromagnetic valve drive device opens the exhaust valve at a later time when the engine speed is low than when the engine is running at high speed, and closes the valve timing to the bottom dead center. The valve is controlled to open faster at low speeds than at high speeds. [Function] The engine with the electromagnetic valve drive device according to the present invention is constructed as described above and operates as follows. That is, this engine with the magnetic valve drive device opens and closes the intake valve and the exhaust valve using electromagnetic force, and adjusts the valve lift amount and valve timing of each valve in response to each detection signal of the engine rotation speed and crank angle. The opening/closing speed is commanded to the electromagnetic valve driving device to control the opening/closing in an asymmetrical cam profile shape when opening and closing. At low speeds, the valve can be closed earlier than at high speeds, so that the valve can be closed quickly after bottom dead center, thereby reducing the blowback of incoming air and improving suction efficiency. The opening time of the valve can be controlled to be slower at low speeds than at high speeds to near the bottom dead center, and the valve opening speed can be controlled to be faster at low speeds than at high speeds, thereby reducing the amount of exhaust gas in the area 8 shown in Figure 2. Preventing energy loss and increasing workload to improve performance. [Embodiments] Hereinafter, embodiments of an engine with an electromagnetic valve drive device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the cam profile of the intake and exhaust valves in an engine equipped with an electromagnetic valve drive device according to the present invention. Also,
FIG. 2 shows a PV diagram of an engine equipped with an electromagnetic valve drive device according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, the cam profiles of the intake valve IV and exhaust valve EV are shown, with crank angle plotted on the horizontal axis and pressure plotted on the vertical axis. Regarding the cam profile of the exhaust valve EV, the solid line a shows when the engine is rotating at high speed, the dotted line b shows when the engine is rotating at low speed, and the dashed line C shows when the engine is rotating at low speed. Regarding the cam profile of the intake valve IV, the solid line d indicates when the engine is rotating at high speed, and the dashed line e indicates when the engine is rotating at low speed. In general, the cam profile of intake and exhaust valves that are opened and closed by mechanical valve mechanisms such as tappets and cocker arms in response to the rotation of the crankshaft do not have a degree of freedom in their cam profiles, and once they are set, they cannot be opened or closed. , it is not possible to make a difference in the cam lift curve when closed. Normally, the intake and exhaust valves follow the trajectory of the cam profile shown in Fig. 1 in the high-speed engine rotation range. That is, the exhaust valve EV in the high speed region of the engine rotation is H E○ when the valve is open, as shown by the solid line a.
is the crank angle and is the bottom dead center B. [l. C is about 60 degrees in front, and +4 E C is the top dead center when the valve is closed. [l. C. This is the later neighborhood. In addition, the intake valve IV in the high speed region of the engine rotation is }+1 when the valve is open, as shown by the solid line d.
0 is the crank angle and T. D. C. Ii7, and when the valve is closed, H I G is at the bottom dead center B. []. C. It is about 60 degrees behind. In the engine with the electromagnetic valve drive device according to the present invention, the intake valve ■v and the exhaust valve EV are lightweight valves made of ceramic material and can be opened and closed by electromagnetic force. It is opened and closed by an electromagnetic valve drive device shown in FIG. Therefore, the cam lift curve can be differentiated between opening and closing using controller l5, and there is a degree of freedom in the cam profile. That is, regarding the exhaust valve E■, in the low engine speed range, when the exhaust valve EV is opened, the timing of the valve opening is at the bottom dead center B. D. C. Since performance improves closer to B. D. C. The valve opening timing is delayed until close to the exhaust valve EV, and the opening speed of the exhaust valve EV is controlled to be increased to the maximum. That is, as shown in Figure 1,
By delaying LEO at the time of opening of the exhaust valve EV by approximately 60'' and by creating a cam profile that rapidly increases the opening speed of the exhaust valve EV, the PV
The exhaust gas energy in the area A in Figure 1 can be retained within the combustion chamber, increasing the amount of work and improving engine performance. In addition, as the exhaust stroke approaches the end, the amount of exhaust gas in the combustion chamber is small and the piston's rising speed is slow, so the valve lift amount may be small, and the valve lift I may be slightly suppressed. be. Regarding the intake valve TV, in the low engine speed range of 9■, at the beginning of the opening L■0 of the intake valve IV, there is no need for the valve lift I to become large, but the piston speed is the highest. Fast top dead center T. D. C. After 9
The opening is controlled steeply, that is, rapidly, so that the maximum lift is achieved at S near 0', and the valve closing characteristic LIC is controlled to reach the bottom dead center B. D
．． C. After that, apply pressure so that the valve closes quickly. However, in the high speed region of the engine rotation, the intake air is drawn into the combustion chamber by inertia supercharging, and there is almost no blowback of the intake air, but in the low speed region of the engine rotation, if the intake valve IV is kept open, A phenomenon occurs in which the intake air that is once drawn into the combustion chamber flows out into the intake boat due to blowback. Therefore, in order to prevent the phenomenon of intake air blowing back, the intake valve IV is compared to the high speed region and the bottom dead center B. [l. C. The valve closes rapidly (with a steep drop) at l. Thereby, the amount of reflected air blown back through the intake valve IV can be minimized, and the intake efficiency can be improved. Next, an example of the electromagnetic valve drive device that can open and close the intake valve IV and the exhaust valve EV in the engine equipped with the electromagnetic valve drive device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, this electromagnetic valve drive device is built into the engine 13, and the main parts of the electromagnetic valve drive device are conceptually shown in a state taken out from the engine 13. The fuel injection device 21 that controls the fuel supplied to the engine 13 includes an injection nozzle 12, which penetrates into the intake boat 6 from the upper part of the cylinder head 3, so that the fuel injected from the nozzle hole enters the cylinder. Jet jl is introduced. This second fuel injection device is controlled to inject a predetermined amount of fuel based on commands from the controller 15. Further, a rotation sensor 14 is provided to the output shaft of the engine l3,
Detect engine rotation speed. This engine rotation speed detection {1, that is, the rotation signal, is manually input to the controller 15.
The intake valve 1 is made of a ceramic material, and is guided by a valve guide 16 fixed to the cylinder head 3 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction. As the intake valve 1 rises or falls, the valve face 17 of the intake valve 1 comes into contact with or separates from the valve seat 18 installed on the intake boat 6 of the cylinder head 3, thereby opening and closing the intake boat 6. It is something. Therefore, the amount of intake air into the cylinders of the engine 13 is controlled by the opening/closing operation or opening/closing amount of these intake boats 6. A movable element 19 made of a magnetic material such as soft iron is fixed to the upper end 23 of the intake valve l, and a movable element coil 24 is provided on this movable element 19. Further, a stator 25 made of a magnetic material such as soft iron is installed in the cylinder head 3 above the movable element 19, and a stator coil 20 is provided in the stator 25. There is. Therefore, when the movable coil 24 and the stator coil 20 are energized/de-energized, the stator 25 becomes the movable coil 19.
The suction/M is reversed, and the intake valve l is driven up and down. Note that a valve spring 26 is disposed between the valve spring seat 1-11 formed on the upper surface of the gamma door 3 to the cylinder and the mover l9. Therefore,
The intake valve 1 is normally closed by the spring force of a valve spring 26. Furthermore, regarding intake and exhaust valves that are operated by electromagnetic force, the material that constitutes the intake and exhaust valves themselves is made of ceramic material to reduce weight, and the sliding surfaces of the valve face 17 and valve stem 2 of the intake and exhaust valves are It is preferable to use a non-magnetic ceramic material to prevent iron powder etc. from adhering to the moving parts. However, valve face 1
If iron powder etc. is adsorbed on the sliding parts of 7 and valve stem 2,
The sealing condition of the intake and exhaust boat by the intake and exhaust valves deteriorates, and the frictional resistance of the sliding parts increases, causing undesirable conditions such as seizure. Therefore, I! In order to operate with the fff force, a mover 19 made of a magnetic material is separately provided at the upper end of the intake and exhaust valve. By configuring the intake and exhaust valves as described above, the controlled current from the controller 15 is transmitted to the mover coil 24.
When the stator coil 20 is energized or cut off, the stator 25 can separate or attract the movable element I9 against the biasing force of the spring 26, so that the intake valve 1 descends or ascends. , the valve face of the intake valve 1 can open or close the intake boat 6. The controller 15 receives each detection signal detected by the load sensor 5, the rotation sensor 14, and the position sensor 4, and in response to the detected load signal, the valve lifter of the 1i magnetic valve drive device is operated. 1
Current can be applied to the stator coil 20 and mover coil 24 at 0 to excite the electromagnet and drive the valve. The load sensor 5 of the engine 13 detects the engine load, and detects the amount of fuel supplied from the injection nozzle l2 of the fuel injection device 21 to the engine l3, or detects the amount of fuel supplied to the engine l3 from the injection nozzle l2 of the fuel injection device 21, or detects the amount of fuel supplied to the engine l3 from the injection nozzle l2 of the fuel injection device 21. It can be detected by detecting it. In other words,
The load sensor 5 may include a sensor for detecting the amount of fuel supplied to the engine l3 and/or a sensor for detecting the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal 28. Therefore, engine l
The electromagnetic valves of the intake and exhaust valves can be controlled by inputting a signal indicating the amount of fuel supplied to the engine 3 and/or the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal 28 as an engine load signal to the controller 15. Further, the position sensor 4 of the engine l3 detects the stroke position of the piston 7, and can detect this by detecting the crank angle. Further, an intake flow rate sensor 9 is disposed on the intake vibe forming the intake boat 6. This intake flow rate sensor 9 detects, for example, the air flow hitting a heating wire through which an electric current is passed, by a change in the resistance value of the heating wire, and the signal from the intake flow rate sensor 9 is manually inputted to the intake flow rate processing device 7. The amount of intake air passing through the intake boat 6 can be detected. This detected intake air amount is input to the controller 15. The controller 15 consists of a microcomputer,
It has a central control unit that performs arithmetic processing, various memories that store arithmetic processing procedures, control means, etc., input/output ports, etc., and various signals from the various sensors and intake flow processing device 7, etc. mentioned above are input. Then, processing is performed according to the procedure stored in the memory, and control commands are issued to the electromagnetic coils 20 and 24 for the valve mechanism for opening and closing the intake and exhaust valves 1 and the exhaust valves. Control the operation.
Further, the controller 15 is configured not only to open and close the intake and exhaust valves but also to calculate valve openings, valve lifts, fuel injection timings, etc., and to issue control commands. In addition, in the figure, 27 is Basoteli,
It serves as a power source for the controller 15, various coils for valve trains, etc. Note that although only the intake valve 1 is shown in the figure, this electromagnetic valve drive iW is such that the exhaust valve is similarly electromagnetically driven, and the configuration of the exhaust system in which the exhaust valve is arranged is as follows. The exhaust boat does not have a flow rate sensor or injection nozzle. Next, the electromagnetic valve drive device that can be incorporated into the engine with the electromagnetic valve drive device according to the present invention is configured as described above, and an example of the operation of this engine with the TM valve drive device will be explained with reference to the drawings. do. FIG. 4 is a process flow diagram showing an example of the operation of an engine equipped with a solenoid valve drive device into which this tit magnetic valve control device can be incorporated. In the explanation of the operation of this engine equipped with an electromagnetic valve drive device, the intake valve is indicated by the symbol IV, and the exhaust valve is indicated by the symbol EV. i according to this invention
Control of engine with magnetic valve drive VT position? Regarding the 711 device, the controller 15 is used to control the valve timing of the intake valve IV and exhaust valve EV to the optimum state.
The intake valve IV and exhaust valve EV
The operation of the valve lifter 10 is controlled by electromagnetic force. That is, since the valve lifter 10 can be controlled independently of the rotation of the crankshaft, the amount of air taken into the combustion chamber 8, the amount of exhaust air, the amount of air taken into the combustion chamber 8, and the amount of exhaust gas exhausted from the combustion chamber 8 are controlled. The control of the valve timing of the intake valve ■■ and the exhaust valve EV is appropriately adjusted to the optimum state according to the rotational speed of the engine 13, and is controlled so that the engine 13 can operate satisfactorily. Therefore, as the engine l3 starts, the electromagnetic valve drive device is controlled to open and close the intake valve IV and the exhaust valve EV. As a first step, by driving the engine 13, the engine rotation speed N is detected by the rotation sensor l4.
and inputs the detection signal to the controller 15.・1・1111---(Step 40) Furthermore, the crank angle, that is, the stroke position of the piston is detected by the position sensor 4, and the detection signal is sent to the controller l.
Enter 5. In response to each of these detection signals, the controller 15 issues a command to each valve lifter IO of the intake valve V and the exhaust valve EV, and the stator coil 2 in each valve lifter 10 of the intake valve IV and exhaust valve EV.
0 and mover coil 24, both valves IV
．． Controls the opening and closing of EVs by operating valves.・・− ・−
- (Step 41) Engine rotation speed N detected by rotation sensor l4
, is the pre-calculated predetermined rotation speed Ntl? Determine whether it is large or not. That is, regarding the opening LEO of the exhaust valve EV, when the engine 13 is running at low speed, it is delayed compared to when the engine 13 is running at high speed, that is, the piston 7 is at the bottom dead center B. D. C. It is preferable to open the intake valve IV near B. When the intake valve IV is closed, L[C] is earlier when the engine 13 is running at low rotation than when it is at high rotation. B. C. Since it is preferable to close the valve near N,1, in order to control these valve opening and closing timings, the rotational speed of the engine l3, which corresponds to the change in the operating state of the intake and exhaust valves, is set in advance to a predetermined rotational speed N,1. It is set. ...------
1...- (Step 42) If the engine speed N, is larger than the predetermined speed N In addition, since the intake valve IV is sealed, it is only necessary to open the valve at HIO during normal valve opening as indicated by the solid line d in FIG. In order to control the valve operation by electromagnetic force, check the drive conditions of each valve lifter IO of the exhaust valve EV and intake valve [V, that is, the valve drive system. 1・−・−−−
(Step 43) If there is no abnormality in the driving conditions of the valve drive system of the intake valve IV and the exhaust valve EV, the opening and closing of the intake valve [V and the exhaust valve EV are controlled by electromagnetic force according to normal valve timing. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust valve EV is controlled to open and close along the cam profile a at high speeds, and the intake valve IV is controlled to open and close along the cam profile d at high speeds.・・・
・−・−・=− (Step 44) Furthermore, if the engine speed N, is smaller than the predetermined speed N,1, the engine 13 is running at low speed, which is different from when it is running at high speed. Operating status, details: intake valve IV and exhaust valve E
V valve lift, valve timing, and opening/closing speed are changed to control opening and closing in an asymmetrical cam profile shape when the valve is open and closed. That is, intake valve 1■ and exhaust valve EV
The controller 15 issues a command to each valve lifter 10, and the command to the exhaust valve EV is delayed compared to when the piston 7 is at the bottom dead center B. D. C. In addition, for the intake valve IV, the maximum valve lift is set earlier at low speeds than at high speeds, and the valve timing is closed earlier at low speeds than at high speeds. In order to control the valve to close rapidly after the point, the intake valve 1v and exhaust valve EV are
．． Check the driving conditions of each valve lifter lO, that is, the valve drive system of the electromagnetic valve drive device that operates the valves using magnetic force. ...--1...- (Step 45) If there is no abnormality in the driving conditions of the valve drive system of the intake valve IV and the exhaust valve EV, the intake valve IV and the exhaust valve EV are controlled by electromagnetic force, As shown in Figure 1, for the exhaust valve EV, along the cam profile C at low speed,
Additionally, the intake valve TV is controlled to open and close according to the cam profile e at low speeds.・−・One・One・・−・−(
Step 46) (Effects of the Invention) The engine with an electromagnetic valve drive device according to the present invention is configured as described above and has the following effects.
That is, this engine with a 1i magnetic valve drive device has an intake valve and an exhaust valve that open and close using electromagnetic force, an 'r'' that opens and closes each valve using electromagnetic force, a 11dl valve drive device, engine rotation speed, and crank angle. each detection means for detecting, and in response to each detection signal from each detection means, the valve lift i, valve timing, and opening/closing speed of each valve are commanded to the electromagnetic valve drive device described above to determine when the valve opens and closes. Since the controller is configured to control the opening and closing of the intake valve in an asymmetrical cam profile, the maximum valve lift amount is set earlier at low speeds than at high speeds, and the valve timing is adjusted to close at low speeds than at high speeds. It is possible to control the valve to close quickly after bottom dead center early, thereby reducing the blowback of intake air into the combustion chamber that occurs at low speeds and improving the intake efficiency.In addition, regarding the exhaust valve, it is possible to control the opening of the valve at the valve timing. At low speeds, the valve opening speed can be controlled to be slower than at high speeds, close to bottom dead center, and at low speeds, the valve opening speed can be controlled to be faster than at high speeds, thereby allowing the exhaust gas to remain in the combustion chamber for a longer time, as shown in Figure 2. It is possible to prevent energy loss in the exhaust gas in area A, increase the amount of work, and improve performance.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining an embodiment of an engine with an electromagnetic valve drive device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining a PV diagram of the engine with an electromagnetic valve drive device according to the present invention. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an electromagnetic valve drive device incorporated into an engine equipped with an electromagnetic valve drive device according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the operation of a control device for an engine incorporating the electromagnetic valve drive device. FIG. 1, IV... Intake valve, F. V...-
・Exhaust valve, T. D. C. ---Top dead center, B. D.
C. --Bottom dead center, LEO...When the exhaust valve is open at low speed, LIC-...When the intake valve is closed at low speed,
a----- Exhaust valve cam profile at high speed,
C・---・Cam profile of exhaust valve at low speed, d
-・・・Intake valve cam profile at high speed, e
・・・・・・Intake valve cam profile at low speed,
4--Position sensor, 10--Valve lifter, rotation sensor, 15

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Intake and exhaust valves that open and close using electromagnetic force,
An electromagnetic valve drive device that opens and closes each valve using electromagnetic force, each detection means that detects the engine rotation speed and crank angle, and a valve lift amount of each valve in response to each detection signal from each of the detection means. An engine equipped with an electromagnetic valve drive device comprising a controller that commands timing and opening/closing speed to the electromagnetic valve drive device to control opening and closing in an asymmetric cam profile shape when opening and closing. (2) In response to a detection signal of a predetermined engine speed, the maximum valve lift of the intake valve is set earlier at low speeds than at high speeds, and the valve timing is closed earlier at low speeds than at high speeds. 2. The engine with an electromagnetic valve drive device according to claim 1, wherein the valve is rapidly closed after the valve is closed. (3) In response to a detection signal of a predetermined engine speed, the valve timing of the exhaust valve is set to be closer to the bottom dead center at low speeds than at high speeds, and the valve opening speed is set to be closer to bottom dead center at low speeds than at high speeds. The engine with an electromagnetic valve drive device according to claim 1, which controls valve opening more quickly.