JPH0230458A - Automatic cutting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To execute working even for the optional complicated groove shape which was impossible by grooving so far by extracting the tool route cutting by a grooving tool for an optional finishing shape. CONSTITUTION:Form is added in an automatic programming method to the data of the point, taper, etc. of the finishing form given by an operator at a step 1 to make a graphic form. Using tools are then discriminated at a step 2 and in the case of no grooving tool the conventional tool route extraction for bar material working is executed (step 3). Also, in the case of a using tool being a grooving tool, the form corrected by the tool width is found at a step 4 and the extraction of the tool route is performed (step 5) by this found form.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Minute Hand] The present invention relates to an automatic cutting method using a machine tool that employs a numerical control automatic programming method. In addition, here "numerical control automatic programming"
In a machine tool equipped with a numerical control device, when the definition of the machining shape and the movement of the tool are expressed (programmed) in the language of the numerical control device and input to the CPU, the CPU automatically calculates the tool path. , to output a control medium that becomes the human power of a numerical control device.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a method for extracting a tool path in conventional groove machining, and FIGS. 9 to 11 are explanatory diagrams showing an example of tool path extraction operated according to the flow. (17f) (17g) , (3
7) shows the starting point, end point, and groove width manually input by the operator, the solid line part (18g) shows the groove shape created from those data, and (22c) shows the groove shape as shown in Fig. 12. This is the shape seen from the cutting edge point (40a) of the tool (38), (44) shows the actual groove shape, and (39) shows the width of the tool.

Further, FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a method of extracting a tool path in conventional bar machining, and FIGS. 15 to 17 are explanatory diagrams showing examples of tool path extraction operated according to the flow. The broken line part (16c) in the figure shows the shape of the material, and (17h), (17i) and (1
7j) are a point, a slope (taper), and a circular arc input by the operator, and (18h) to (18k) are shapes that are additionally created in an automatic programming method from these data. In addition, (22d) is the cutting angle (42) and (43) of the created shape and the cutting tool when cutting the created shape with a tool (41) as shown in Fig. 13.
The shape is obtained by correcting the portions (45a) to (45d) that cannot be cut due to the relationship with the shape, and the arrow in (47) indicates the tool path extracted for the shape in (22d).

Next, the operation will be explained with reference to the above figures. First, to explain the case of groove machining, a groove shape (18g) is created from data such as the groove start point (17f), end point (17g), and groove width (37) given by the operator (step 31). Next, in consideration of the groove width (39) of the groove tool (38) used for this groove machining, in order to finish the groove shape (44) to be actually machined, the cutting edge point (40a), which is the starting point of tool path extraction, is Create a groove shape (22C) (
Step 32). Finally, the tool path (4 days), which is the locus of the cutting edge point (40a), is extracted for this shape (22c) (step 33).

Next, to explain the case of bar 1, 1 machining, the finishing shape point (17h) given by the operator, the taber (1
7i) and circular arc (17j), shapes (18h) to (Illk
) to create a figure shape (step 34).

Next, the cutting angle (
42) and (43), a shape (27, d) is created with the uncuttable portions (45a) to (456) removed in order to prevent overshaving of the finished shape (step 35).

Finally, for this shape (22d), the cutting edge point (40b)
A tool path (47) as a trajectory is extracted (step 3G).

[Invention or problem to be solved]

Since the conventional cutting method using automatic programming is configured as described above, the shape is fixed in the case of groove machining, and therefore it is necessary to input any particularly complex groove shape and the tools used for that purpose. It is impossible to extract the path, and in the case of machining, there are problems such as corners that cannot be cut or uncut parts due to the tool shape or path.

This invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it uses a numerically controlled automatic programming method that can not only machine arbitrary groove shapes but also cut right-angled corners by extending it to bar machining. The purpose is to obtain a processing method.

[Failure to solve the problem]

The cutting method using the automatic programming method according to the present invention is capable of
It has a new function to extract the tool path when machining using a groove machining tool.

[Effect]

The machining method in this invention extracts a tool path for engraving into an arbitrary finished shape and cutting with a groove machining tool.
It is now possible to machine arbitrary complex groove shapes that were impossible with conventional groove machining, and it is also possible to eliminate uncut parts at corners that occur when machining bar materials. A wide range of processing is possible depending on the purpose.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1st
The figure is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the cutting method according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the flow of the tool width correction method in the above embodiment, and FIG. A flowchart showing a method for extracting a tool path according to the embodiment, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an arbitrary finished shape, where the broken line (16a) indicates the material shape, and (17a) to (17e,) indicates the points and tabs manually made by the operator. In Fig. 5, (19) is the tool width (3
9), which is a corrected shape that is corrected by taking into account (Ua) (2
The broken line portion shown as 0b) is the shape before correction. 6th
The figure is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a tool path extraction method.
2a) shows a graphical shape, and solid line and broken line arrows (28) and (29) respectively show the direction of vertical movement of the tool during machining. FIG. 7 shows the tool path (30) extracted for the shape shown in FIG.

Next, the operation will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. The cutting method using the automatic programming method shown in the flowcharts of Figs. 1 to 3 and having a tool path extraction function uses the tool width (39 ) can be made wider, allowing a large amount of cutting to be done in one go, and especially when machining long bars, it is also very effective in reducing time as there is less need to move the tool.

In step 1 of Fig. 1, the points (+7a), (17c), (17d) of the finished shape given by the operator are
, (17e) and taper (17b) in the automatic programming method.
8f) is added to create a graphic shape. In step 2, the tool to be used is determined (1), and if it is not the groove machining tool (38), the previously described tool path extraction for mating machining (FIG. 9) is performed (step 3). If the tool used is a grooving tool (38), the tool width (39) is set in step 4.
The corrected shape (22b) shown in FIG. 7 is obtained. The flow for determining the shape (22b) is shown in FIG.

First, in order to extract the tool path (3G) shown in FIG. 7 as the locus of the cutting edge point (40a) of the groove machining tool (38),
The shape (19) shown in FIG. 5 is determined in consideration of the tool width (39) (step 6). Next, check whether there is a closed shape (21) with an intersection in the shape (19) (step 7).
), or if it exists, its closed part (21) is deleted (step 8). When the closed shape (21) disappears, the correction using the tool width (39) is finished, and extraction of the tool path (30) from the obtained shape (22b) is started (step 5).

Next, the process of extracting the tool path (30) will be explained based on the flowchart of FIG. 3 while referring to the explanatory diagram of FIG. 6. If the shape (22a) is obtained for the moon (16b) in this way, the tool (38
) is the direction shown by the solid arrow (28), then
The tool path is determined by the arrows from (23a) to (23Z).

First, in step 9, the shape part of the point lowered from the cutting start position to the shape (22a) is in the moving direction (28).
It is determined whether there is a downward taper (hereinafter referred to as a reverse taper). For example, when the tool path (23e) is extracted, the shape of the point (24) lowered from the next cutting start position to the shape (22a) from the moving direction (28) is a reverse taper, so the next Set the cutting start point to the end point of the reverse taper (25
) to the upper part (26) (step 10). Here, the direction of the tool (38) is also changed from (28) to (29). In addition, the reverse taper cutting path is being extracted,
Step 11 to determine whether the reverse taber is finished or not.
), for example, when the next machining path for (23m) is being extracted, if the cutting paths (23f) to (23m) of the reversed taper are being extracted and the machining of the reversed taper is being completed, , the cutting start point (27) next to the point (25) where the reverse taper started is determined, and the moving direction of the tool (38) is also determined (29).
) and return to the direction of (28) (step 12). A tool path for cutting from the cutting start position thus obtained to the shape (22a) is determined (step 13). After extracting all the tool paths (23a) to (23z) in this way,
The process ends (step 14). If not, the next cutting start point is determined in either the moving direction (28) of the tool (38) or Tj: (29).

Shape (22b) obtained from the above-mentioned Figures 4 and 5
Tool path (30) obtained by applying the above method to
is as shown in Figure 7.

In addition, in the example described above, the tool path extraction method for rough machining was determined, and the shape (22b) was determined for the second machining.
Extract the same tool path as for bar machining.

Furthermore, in the above embodiments, the explanation has been made regarding the processing of the outer diameter, but the processing may also be performed on the inner diameter, the end face, and the back surface, and the same effects as in the second embodiment can be achieved.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, by extracting a tool path that can be cut with a groove machining tool for an arbitrary shape, it is possible to process complicated groove shapes and machining the corners of Mutsuki.
Furthermore, depending on the characteristics of the groove machining tool and the tool path, the amount of cutting can be increased and the moving time of the tool can be shortened.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a flowchart 1 to 1 explaining the operation of a cutting method according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing a tool width correction method in the above embodiment, and Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the above embodiment. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the finished shape data manually input by the operator in the above embodiment and the added shape. FIG. An explanatory diagram for explaining width correction, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for extracting a tool path in the above embodiment, FIG. 7 is an example of extracting a tool path in the above embodiment, and FIG. 8 9 is a flowchart showing a tool path extraction method in conventional groove machining, and FIGS. 9, 10, and 11 are explanatory diagrams showing the operator's manual power data and shape, and tool width An explanatory diagram for explaining correction, an explanatory diagram for showing an example of extraction of a tool path, FIG. 12 is a partial front view showing an example of a groove machining tool, and FIG. 13 is a partial front view showing an example of a bar machining tool. 14 are flowcharts showing a method for extracting tool paths in conventional bar machining, and FIGS. 15, 16, and 17 are flowcharts showing the method for extracting tool paths in conventional bar machining, respectively.
They are an explanatory diagram showing operator input data and shapes, an explanatory diagram for explaining shape correction of a tool, and an explanatory diagram showing an example of extraction of a tool path. (16) is the moon shape, (22) is the shape after cutting, (23) and (30) are the extracted tool paths, (38)
) is a groove machining tool. In the drawings, the same reference numerals 6J indicate the same or equivalent parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In an automatic cutting method that uses a machine tool equipped with a numerical control device that uses a numerical control automatic programming method to output a machining program to control the tool path, an arbitrary finished shape can be cut with a groove machining tool. An automatic cutting method characterized by determining a possible part and then extracting a tool path suitable for cutting the part.