JPH02309799A - Transmitter-receiver - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a low-frequency, high-efficiency, and high pressure-tight transmitter and receiver which is reduced in size and weight by constituting an acoustic tube in the internal surface space of a diaphragm, and delaying the phase of the internal surface radiated sound wave of the diaphragm almost into an in-phase state and superposing the wave upon an external surface radiated sound wave. CONSTITUTION:The transmitter receiver is equipped with eight diaphragms 2 formed by dividing a cylindrical elastic body equally in the circumferential direction, arraying them cylindrically and separately in parallel in the axial direction, and setting the axial size of the cylindrical array between almost a half wavelength and one wavelength, e.g. a half wavelength, cylindrical vibrators 3a and 3b which are arranged in the axial center and both end parts of the cylindrical array while circumscribed with the cylindrical array internal surface of the diaphragm 2, support rings 4a and 4b which are arranged while inscribed with both external end surfaces of the cylindrical array of the diaphragm 2, and an insulating sheath 1 which covers the internal and external surfaces and end surface including the diaphragm 2, cylindrical vibrators 3a and 3b, and support rings 4a and 4b. The deflection vibration of the diaphragm 2 is driven by the longitudinal vibration of the high-rigidity cylindrical vibrators 3a and 3b and the supporting force of the support rings 4a and 4b to obtain resonance of low frequency, and the sound wave radiated from the internal surface of the diaphragm 2 is delayed in phase in the space formed of the cylindrical vibrators 3a and 3b and superposed upon a sound wave radiated from the external surface of the diaphragm 2 in in-phase relation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a transducer, and particularly to a transducer for use in sonar, which has a low frequency, high efficiency, high pressure resistance, and is small and lightweight.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, this type of transducer has been constructed by stacking cylindrical transducers 12 as electrical/mechanical transducers (hereinafter simply referred to as transducers) as shown in FIG. The structure was such that transmission and reception was carried out via a lead wire 13. In this case, in order to obtain a particularly high transmitted sound pressure,
The transmission frequency was set and used by utilizing resonance due to the respiratory vibration mode of the cylindrical vibrator 12.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The above-mentioned conventional transducer has the disadvantage that the resonant frequency is high due to the high rigidity of the cylindrical vibrator, and that attempting to lower the resonant frequency increases the outer diameter and weight.

Furthermore, when used at a low frequency far from the resonant frequency, the power factor of mechanical impedance becomes low, the electrical/mechanical conversion efficiency deteriorates, and a high transmitted sound pressure cannot be obtained.

On the other hand, in order to lower the rigidity of the transducer element and obtain a lower frequency, as shown in FIG. However, some have a structure in which the inner surface is sealed with a sound insulating case 23 to prevent short-circuiting of sound waves with inverted phases.

However, in order to completely prevent the short circuit phenomenon, if the inner surface of the diaphragm 21 is made into an air chamber, the rigidity of the diaphragm 21 is low, so that the water pressure resistance cannot be increased.

Furthermore, if the liquid 24 is filled to increase water pressure resistance and the sound insulation case 23 is used to insulate the sound waves from the inner surface of the diaphragm 21, the thickness of the sound insulation case 23 will increase due to the low frequency, and the It has the disadvantage of becoming a transducer.

[Means to solve the problem]

In the transducer of the present invention, a cylindrical elastic body is equally divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction and separated in parallel to each other in the axial direction to form a cylindrical array, and the axial dimension of the cylindrical array is approximately half a wavelength to one wavelength. a plurality of diaphragms set between the plurality of diaphragms, and a cylindrical oscillator circumscribing the inner surface of the cylindrical arrangement of the plurality of diaphragms and disposing at least one each between the axial center and both ends of the cylindrical arrangement. and at least one support ring disposed inscribed on both ends of the outer surface of the cylindrical array of the diaphragms, and covering the diaphragm, the cylindrical vibrator, and the inner and outer surfaces and end surfaces including the support rings. and an insulating sheath.

〔Example〕

Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the configuration of an embodiment of a transducer according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line BB' of the embodiment of FIG.

The transducer of the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2 has a cylindrical elastic body divided into a plurality of equal parts in the circumferential direction and separated parallel to each other in the axial direction to form a cylindrical array. Eight diaphragms 2 whose directional dimensions are approximately half a wavelength to one wavelength, in this example half a wavelength, and a cylindrical array circumscribing the inner surface of the cylindrical array of the diaphragms 2 and the axial center and both ends of the cylindrical array. cylindrical vibrators 3a, 3b respectively disposed between them, and support rings 4a, 4 disposed inscribed on both ends of the outer surface of the cylindrical arrangement of the diaphragm 2.
b, the diaphragm 2 and the cylindrical vibrator 3a.

3b and support rings 4a, 4b, and an insulating sheath 1 covering the inner and outer surfaces and end surfaces thereof.

Before explaining the embodiments based on FIGS. 1 and 2, the basic features of the present invention will first be explained.

The structure of the transducer according to the present invention is such that the vertical vibration of the highly rigid cylindrical oscillators 3a, 3b and the supporting force of the support rings 4a, 4b drive the flexural vibration of the diaphragm 2. Upon resonance, the sound waves radiated from the inner surface of the cylindrical array of diaphragms 2 are phased inside the acoustic tube formed by the diaphragm 2 itself as a partition, that is, the space formed by the cylindrical oscillators 3a and 3b. is delayed and propagated so as to be superimposed on the sound waves radiated from the outer surface of the diaphragm 2 in the same phase, thereby suppressing the short-circuit phenomenon of the sound waves radiated from the inner and outer surfaces of the diaphragm 2 and obtaining high-efficiency vibration. This realizes a small and lightweight transducer.

The phase of the sound waves generated by the vibration of the diaphragm 2 is reversed between the inner and outer surfaces, and therefore, when the inner-surface radiated sound waves are directly superimposed on the outer-surface radiated sound waves, a sonic short circuit phenomenon occurs in which the outer-surface radiated sound wave energy is suppressed.

In order to avoid this short-circuit phenomenon and achieve high vibration efficiency, it is sufficient to match the phase of the internally emitted sound waves of the vibrator 2 with the phase of the externally emitted sound waves, and the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 also satisfies this condition. It is configured as follows. This is set by taking both vibration efficiency and vibrator dimensions into consideration.

Returning again to FIG. 1.2, the explanation of the embodiment will be continued.

The diaphragm 2 consisting of eight pieces is a cylindrical vibrator 3a.

3b as the point of emphasis, and a tapered support ring 4a,
4b is used as a fulcrum by tightening with a taper screw. A slit is provided between the diaphragms to prevent the side surfaces of the diaphragms 2 from colliding with each other due to flexural vibration.

The two cylindrical vibrators 3a and 3b are connected with their polarities matched, and electrical terminals are drawn out using lead wires 5. Vibration plate 2
In order to protect the two cylindrical vibrators 3a and 3b and the support rings 4a and 4b from seawater and the like, an insulating sheath 1 is coated with a mold or the like.

When an electric signal with the same frequency as the deflection resonance of the diaphragm 2 is applied from the lead wire 5 to the cylindrical oscillators 3a and 3b, the cylindrical oscillators 3a and 3b vibrate vertically, and the force is applied to the diaphragm 2.
It is transmitted to both the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm 2 and the tapered inside of the diaphragm 2. Since the diaphragm 2 is fixed by the support rings 4a and 4b, the diaphragm 2 repeatedly flexibly vibrates as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 3 using the support rings 4a and 4b as fulcrums.

Due to this flexural vibration, sound waves with opposite phases are radiated to the inner and outer surfaces of the diaphragm 2, and the sound waves radiated to the inner surface cause the diaphragm 2, which is the side wall of the acoustic tube, to vibrate in the same phase. Therefore, the sound waves propagate to the upper and lower end faces without passing through the diaphragm 2, and due to the phase delay due to the propagation time, a short circuit phenomenon with the sound waves radiated from the outer surface is efficiently suppressed.

Furthermore, by increasing the thickness of the insulating sheath 1 as appropriate, high water pressure resistance can be ensured.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the present invention utilizes the vertical vibration of a cylindrical vibrator and the supporting force of a support ring that provides a fulcrum for this cylindrical vibrator to create a diaphragm constructed by dividing a cylindrical elastic body. In addition to causing deflection resonance, an acoustic tube is formed in the inner space of the diaphragm to delay the phase of the sound waves emitted from the inner surface of the diaphragm and superimpose them on the sound waves emitted from the outer surface with almost the same phase, resulting in low frequency, high efficiency, and high water resistance. This has the effect of realizing a compact, lightweight transducer and receiver.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the configuration of an embodiment of the transducer of the present invention, including a partial cross section, and FIG. 2 is a B-B of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
3 is an explanatory diagram of the displacement distribution due to flexural resonance in the embodiment of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are perspective views showing the first and second examples of the conventional transducer, respectively. It is a diagram. 1.11... Insulating sheath, 2... Vibration plate, 3a, 3b... Cylindrical vibrator, 4a, 4b
...Support ring, 5, 13, 25...
Lead wire, 12... Cylindrical piezoelectric material, 21...
... Vibration plate, 22 ... Piezoelectric material, 23 ...
...Sound insulation case, 24...Liquid. Agent Patent attorney Uchihara Oto 311, 3b...-PT'lJ+5 door motion J-4a-
・4b・-branch" 1 〉ri $31! 1I 25 Lead 婢茅 5 Fertility

Claims (1)

[Claims] A plurality of diaphragms in which a cylindrical elastic body is equally divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction and separated parallel to each other in the axial direction to form a cylindrical array, and the axial dimension of the cylindrical array is set between approximately half a wavelength and one wavelength. a cylindrical vibrator circumscribing the inner surface of the cylindrical array of the plurality of diaphragms and disposed at least one each between the axial center and both ends of the cylindrical array; At least one support ring is provided inscribed on both ends of the outer surface of the array, and an insulating sheath covers the diaphragm, the cylindrical vibrator, and the inner and outer surfaces and end surfaces including the support ring. A transducer featuring: