JPH0242604B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an opposed spindle lathe having two spindles facing each other.

(b) Prior Art Various proposals have been made for opposed spindle lathes having two spindles facing each other.

For example, (a) Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-57961 discloses an opposed spindle lathe using a comb-tooth-shaped tool rest, and (b) Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-57961.
48402 is an opposed spindle lathe in which the turret tool rest is arranged in the front-rear direction with the line segment connecting the spindle axis as the center; Opposed spindle lathes have been proposed in which the turrets are arranged on opposite sides of the connecting line segments and the turrets are arranged facing each other.

(c) Problem to be solved by the invention However, in the case of (a), the tool rest has a comb-shaped shape, so if you try to secure the predetermined number of tools used for machining, the tool rest will slide. It is inevitable that the shape will be long from front to back, including the surface, and that the planar area it will occupy will become larger. Additionally, if the distance between tools on the tool post is narrowed in order to downsize the tool post, it becomes difficult to secure a sufficient machining area for each tool, and adjacent tools may interfere with the work being processed. Such problems arise. Furthermore, in order to use the tool on the tool post, the tool post must come in far between the two headstocks, and it is necessary to secure the movement space for the tool post between the two headstocks. There is also the disadvantage that the dimension in the direction of the spindle axis becomes large. Furthermore, since the tool post enters between the two headstocks, the tool post and headstock are always exposed to the risk of interference, and machining programs must be created with this in mind. The drawback is that creating a machining program requires a lot of effort and a high level of skill.

On the other hand, in (b), the tool rest is turret-shaped, and the size of the turret can be made much smaller than a comb-shaped tool rest compared to the number of installed tools. Because they are arranged opposite to each other on the line segment connecting the axes,
The tool rest supporting the turret is arranged in front of and behind the headstock, which inevitably increases the size of the lathe in the front and back direction. Moreover, when the tool rests are arranged one behind the other, the accessibility of the worker to each headstock deteriorates, and setup work to the headstock must be done with both headstocks stopped, which is a safety issue. There are many problems.

In addition, in (c), the two tool rests are arranged on opposite sides of the line segment connecting the spindle axis, and the turrets are arranged to face each other, in order to improve the accessibility to the headstock mentioned above. However, since the cutting force acting on the turrets follows the traditional design philosophy of pushing the turrets toward the turret, the tools attached to each turret are facing inward from each other. This is a strategic layout. In this case, when an internal tool or the like is attached to each turret, there is a risk that the tools or the tools and the turrets will interfere with each other when the turret rotates, so it is necessary to take this into consideration when creating a machining program. However, creating a machining program is complicated and requires a high degree of skill. Furthermore, if the internal diameter tools are placed facing each other so that they face inward, when machining workpieces mounted on each other's headstocks, the tools will interfere with each other or the tools and the tool rests, resulting in machining failure. However, due to these drawbacks, there was no way to utilize it other than as a lathe exclusively for shaft work, which performs outer diameter turning while holding the shaft work between two headstocks.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention occupies a small area in plan view, and there is no need to consider interference between tools mounted on the tool post and/or between the tool post and the headstock when creating a machining program. Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide an opposed spindle lathe that has good accessibility to each headstock and is capable of both outer diameter and inner diameter machining.

(d) Means for solving the problem That is, the present invention has a frame 2, and on the frame 2, workpiece holding means 3b and 5b capable of holding a workpiece 36 are respectively provided. In a machine tool 1 provided with first and second headstocks 3 and 5 facing each other, which rotatably support a spindle and a second spindle, the first and/or second headstocks are A first tool rest corresponding to the first spindle and a second tool rest corresponding to the second spindle are provided so as to be relatively movable only in the axial direction of the spindle. are arranged on the same side with respect to a line segment connecting them, and the first spindle and first tool rest set and the second spindle and second tool rest set are connected through a non-interference spatial region. The turrets 26a and 27a are arranged on both sides of the first and second tool rests so as to be rotatably driven around an axis parallel to the spindle axial direction, and are arranged rearward to each other through the non-interfering spatial region. A plurality of outer diameter tools and/or inner diameter tools are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the turret of the first tool rest, facing the work holding means of the first spindle, and A plurality of outer diameter tools and/or inner diameter tools are arranged on the turret of the table facing the work holding means of the second spindle, and the cutting edge of the outer diameter tool indexed to the machining position is set from the outer circumferential surface of each turret. The outer diameter tool is attached to the turret so that when the tool protrudes in the direction of the spindle axis and its cutting edge reaches approximately the spindle center line, there is a non-interference space between the front surface of the tool rest on the spindle side and the side surface of the head stock. The cutting edge of the inner diameter tool provided and indexed to the machining position protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of each turret in the direction of the spindle axis,
When the cutting edge almost reaches the spindle center line, there is a non-interference space between the front surface of the tool rest on the spindle side and the side surface of the head stock, and the cutting edge of the internal tool has a space between the turret and/or the front surface of the tool rest on the spindle side. An internal diameter tool is mounted on the turret so as to form a workpiece machining area therebetween, and the tool on the first tool rest is directed towards the work holding means of the first spindle, and the tool on the second tool rest is directed towards the work holding means of the first spindle. is constructed such that processing is performed toward the workpiece holding means of the second spindle.

(e) Effect With the above-described configuration, the tools mounted on the turret arranged rearward are completely separated in the left and right direction by the non-interference spatial area, eliminating the risk of mutual interference. In addition, even when the cutting edges of the outer diameter tool and the inner diameter tool almost reach the spindle center line, a non-interference space exists between the tool rest and the head stock to prevent interference between the two. act.

(f) Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a control block diagram showing an embodiment of the opposed spindle lathe according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the opposed spindle lathe shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 to 10 are the opposed spindle lathe according to the present invention. A diagram showing how a workpiece is processed using an example of
FIG. 11 is a view of the workpiece in the direction of the Q arrow in FIG.
FIG. 12 is a view of the workpiece in the direction of arrow R in FIG. 9.

As shown in FIG. 1, the opposed spindle lathe 1 has a body 2 with a guide surface 2a provided on the upper part, and two headstocks 3 and 5 are mounted on the guide surface 2a.
are provided so as to face each other and to be movable independently in the directions of arrows A and B (ie, the Z-axis direction), which are the left and right directions in the figure. Spindles 3a and 5a are provided on the headstocks 3 and 5, respectively, so as to be rotatably driven in directions of arrows C and D, and spindles 3a and 5a are provided with chucks 3b and 5b, respectively.
is mounted so as to be rotatable in the directions of arrows C and D.

Furthermore, spindle drive motors 3c and 5c are directly connected to the spindles 3a and 5a, respectively.
, the spindle drive motors 3c and 5, respectively.
a transducer 3d for detecting the amount of rotation angle in the directions of arrows C and D of c (therefore, the amount of rotation angle in the directions of arrows C and D of the spindles 3a and 5a);
5d is installed.

Furthermore, the machine body 2 is provided with a headstock feed drive device 6, as shown in FIG. , 11 etc. That is, at the lower ends of the headstocks 3 and 5 in FIG.
The nuts 3e and 5e each have female threads (not shown) that pass through the nuts 3e and 5e in the direction of arrows A and B, which is the Z-axis direction. It is screwed. Furthermore, drive screws 10 and 11 having the same pitch are screwed into the nuts 3e and 5e, respectively, so as to be rotatable in the directions of arrows E and F. 9 is connected. The feed drive motors 7 and 9 are provided with transducers 7a and 9a for detecting the amount of rotation angle of the feed drive motors 7 and 9 in the directions of arrows E and F, respectively.
is installed. In addition, the feed drive motors 7 and 9
and drive the drive screws 10 and 11 in the direction of arrow E or F.
By rotating in the direction, the headstocks 3 and 5 are rotated in the direction of arrow A or B via nuts 3e and 5e, respectively.
direction (Z-axis direction).

Further, the opposed spindle lathe 1 has a main control section 12, as shown in FIG.
2, a machining program memory 15, a system program memory 16, a keyboard 17, a turret control section 39, 40, a feed drive motor control section 19, 20, a C-axis control section 21, 22 via a bus line 13.
and rotation speed control units 23 and 25 are connected. Here, the tool rest control section 39 is connected to the tool rest 26 shown in FIG. 2, and the tool rest control section 40 is connected to the tool rest 26 shown in FIG.
It is connected to the tool rest 27. Further, the feed drive motor 7 and the transducer 7a described above are connected to the feed drive motor control section 19, and the feed drive motor 9 and the transducer 9a are connected to the feed drive motor control section 20. There is.

Furthermore, the C-axis control section 21 is connected to a spindle drive motor 3c and a transducer 3d, and the C-axis control section 22 is connected to a spindle drive motor 5c and a transducer 5d.
Further, the rotation speed control section 23 is connected to a spindle drive motor 3c and a transducer 3d, and the rotation speed control section 25 is connected to a spindle drive motor 5c and a transducer 5d.

Further, in the upper part of FIG. 2 of the line connecting the spindle axes of the headstocks 3 and 5 of the machine body 2, two turret-type tool rests 26 and 27 are aligned in the directions of arrows A and B, which is the Z-axis direction. Directions of arrows G and H (i.e., X
The tool rests 26 and 27 are provided with turret heads 26 and 27, respectively, so as to be movable and driveable in the axial direction) and corresponding to the respective headstocks 3 and 5.
a, 27a are supported so as to be rotatable in the directions of arrows I and J about a pivot axis parallel to the Z-axis, which is the direction of the spindle axis. The turret head 26a has a polygonal cylindrical shape as a whole, and a plurality of tools 29 including turning tools such as a cutting tool and rotary tools such as a drill and a milling cutter correspond to the headstock 3 on the outer circumferential side surface of the turret head 26a. It is provided toward the chuck 3b side of the spindle 3a.
The turret head 27a has a polygonal cylindrical shape as a whole, and a plurality of tools 29 including a turning tool such as a cutting tool and a rotary tool such as a drill and a milling cutter are mounted on the headstock 5 on the outer peripheral side surface of the turret head 27a. It is provided toward the chuck 5b side of the spindle 5a corresponding to the above. That is, each tool is provided in such a way that it can face the corresponding headstock, and therefore the tools mounted on the respective turret heads 26a, 27a are prevented from interfering with each other due to the rotational movement of the turret heads 26a, 27a. There is no. Also,
Each turret head 26a, 27a is connected to each tool rest 2.
6 and 27, projecting inward from each other in FIG.
The turret heads 26a and 27a are arranged so as to face each other with respect to the tool rests 26 and 27. The pair of spindle 3a and turret 26 on the left in FIG. 2 and the pair of spindle 5a and turret 27 on the right in FIG. They are located on both sides in the figure.

Since the opposed spindle lathe 1 has the above-described configuration, when machining a workpiece, the workpiece 36 to be machined is first attached to the spindle 3a via the chuck 3b, as shown in FIG. At this time, the setup work for the chuck 3b of the workpiece 36 and the setup work for the tool 29 for the tool rest 26 are performed so that the tool rests 26 and 27 are placed above the line segment connecting the spindle axes of the headstocks 3 and 5 in the upper part of FIG. Since they are arranged together, it is possible to carry out the operation from the lower side in the figure, where the tool rest is not located, without being obstructed by the tool rest, and the accessibility to the chuck 3b and the workability are good. Next, in that state, the worker:
Via the keyboard 17, the main control unit 12 is commanded to start machining the workpiece 36. Then, the main control unit 12 reads the machining program PRO corresponding to the workpiece 36 to be machined from the machining program memory 15, and performs a predetermined machining on the workpiece 36 based on the machining program PRO.

That is, the main control section 12 shown in FIG. 1 instructs the rotation speed control section 23 to rotate the spindle 3a in the direction of arrow C at a predetermined rotation speed NA set in the machining program PRO. Rotation speed control section 23
In response to this, the spindle drive motor 3c is rotated in the direction of arrow C together with the spindle 3a.
Then, the transducer 3d attached to the spindle drive motor 3c outputs a rotation signal RS1 to the rotation speed control section 23 at every predetermined rotation angle of the spindle drive motor 3c (therefore, the spindle 3a). The rotation speed control unit 23 counts the number of input rotation signals RS1 per predetermined time, and
The rotational speed of the spindle 3a is determined, and the rotational speed of the spindle drive motor 3c is controlled to a predetermined rotational speed NA.

The main control unit 12 shown in FIG.
The feed drive motor controller 19 is instructed to move the motor by a predetermined amount in the Z-axis direction. In response to this, the feed drive motor control section 19 controls the feed drive motor 7.
The drive signal D2 is output to. Then, the feed drive motor 7 rotates together with the drive screw 10 in the direction of arrow E or F, and moves the headstock 3 in the direction of arrow A or B (Z-axis direction) via the nut 3e. At this time, a rotation signal is sent from the transducer 7a attached to the feed drive motor 7 every time the feed drive motor 7 (therefore, the drive screw 10) rotates by a predetermined angle in the direction of arrow E or F. RS2 is output to the feed drive motor control section 19. The feed drive motor control unit 19 counts the number of input rotation signals RS2 and detects the amount of movement of the headstock 3 in the Z-axis direction, which is proportional to the amount of rotation angle of the feed drive motor 7 in the directions of arrows E and F. The amount of movement is the machining program.
Control so that the amount of movement is set during PRO.

Furthermore, the main control unit 12 controls the tool 2 used for machining.
9 and the amount of movement of the tool 29 in the X-axis direction. Then, the tool post control unit 39 appropriately rotates the turret head 26a of the tool post 26 in the direction of arrow I or J in FIG.
the tool rest 26.
is appropriately moved and driven in the directions of arrows G and H together with the turning tool 29, and the workpiece 36 is moved by the tool 29.
The outer diameter part is turned into a predetermined shape.

When the outer diameter portion of the workpiece 36 has been turned as shown in FIG. 3, the tool rest 26 is appropriately moved in the direction of arrow G to retreat from the workpiece 36, and in this state, the turret head 26a of the tool rest 26 is turned. is appropriately rotated in the direction of arrow I or J, and the tool 29 for internal turning, such as a drill or boring tool, is positioned at a position facing the workpiece 36. Next, in this state, the tool rest 26 and the tool 29 are fed a predetermined distance in the direction of arrow H in FIG. While holding the workpiece 36, the inner diameter portion of the workpiece 36 is machined using the tool 29 by appropriately moving and driving the workpiece 36 in the directions of arrows A and B (Z-axis direction). In addition, at this time, tool 2
In order to smoothly perform the inner diameter machining of 9, the tool post 26
The lower surface of Figure 2, that is, the front side of the headstock, and the headstock 3
The inner diameter tool 29 is attached to each turret head 26a so that there is no interference between the two, that is, a predetermined non-interference space is provided between the upper surface in the figure, that is, the side surface of the headstock. Furthermore, the inner diameter tool 29
When machining the inner diameter of the workpiece 36, the workpiece 36 is placed between the cutting edge of the inner diameter tool 29 and the front surface of the turret head 26a and/or the headstock 3 side of the tool rest 26, that is, the lower side surface of FIGS. 2 and 4. The inner diameter tool 29 is attached to the turret head 2 so that a workpiece machining area is formed so that machining of the workpiece can be carried out smoothly.
6a, it is possible to prevent the workpiece 36 from interfering with the turret head 26a or the tool rest 26, thereby preventing the inner diameter tool 29 from performing inner diameter machining.

This also applies to the case of an external tool; for example, as shown in FIG. When the cutting edge protrudes in the direction of the spindle axis, that is, downward in FIG. 2, and the cutting edge almost reaches the spindle center line, the front surface of the tool rest on the spindle side, that is, the lower surface in FIG. Since the outer diameter tool is installed in the turret head so as to have a non-interfering space between the upper side surface of the headstock 5 in the figure, machining of a workpiece using the outer diameter tool 29 is performed between the tool rest 27 and the main spindle. This can be done smoothly without interference with the table 5. This also applies to the combination of the tool rest 26 and the headstock 3.

After the processing, the headstock 3 should be moved in the direction indicated by the arrow A in Fig. 4.
Move the tool 29 to the outside of the inner diameter part of the workpiece 36, and in this state, press C of the chuck 3b.
Stop rotation in direction. In preparation for the next milling process, the tool rest 26 is moved in the direction of arrow G to retreat from the workpiece 36, and in this state, the milling tool 29 mounted on the tool rest 26 is
is positioned at a position facing the workpiece 36.

After the inner diameter portion of the workpiece 36 has been machined as shown in FIG. 4, the workpiece 36 is subjected to a milling process or the like involving C-axis control.
That is, the main control section 12 shown in FIG. 1 first instructs the C-axis control section 21 to return the spindle 3a to the origin. Then, the C-axis control section 21
rotates the spindle drive motor 3c at low speed in the direction of arrow C or D.

When the spindle 3a reaches a predetermined position, an origin detection signal OS1 is output from the transducer 3d to the C-axis control section 21. C-axis control section 21
Upon receiving this, immediately stops the rotational drive of the spindle drive motor 3c in the direction of arrow C or D.
Then, the spindle 3a also stops rotating in the direction of arrow C or D, and the predetermined reference position SP1 of the spindle 3a is moved to the C-axis origin as shown in FIG.
Positioned at CZP.

Next, the main control section 12 drives the tool post control section 39 to move the tool post 26 shown in FIG. 5 by a predetermined distance in the direction of arrow H while rotating the milling tool 29. Further, the headstock 3 is moved and driven in the direction of arrow B as appropriate. Then, the tool 2
9, a groove 36a is formed on the outer circumference of the workpiece 36.
is drilled and formed at a predetermined angle θ1 in the direction of arrow D from the C-axis origin CZP shown in FIG. Note that when the groove 36a is drilled, the tool rest 26
is appropriately moved in the direction of arrow G to retract the tool 29 from the workpiece 36. Next, main control section 1
2 outputs a C-axis control signal CS1 to the C-axis control section 21 shown in FIG. Then, the C-axis control section 21
The spindle drive motor 3c is rotated at low speed in the direction of arrow C together with the spindle 3a. Then,
A rotation signal RS3 is transmitted from the transducer 3d to C at every predetermined rotation angle of the spindle drive motor 3c.
It is output to the axis control section 21, and the C-axis control section 21
The number of input rotation signals RS3 is counted to detect the rotation angle amount of the spindle 3a. C-axis control section 2
1 stops the rotational drive of the spindle drive motor 3c in the direction of arrow C when the rotational angle amount reaches a predetermined rotational angle amount θ2. Then, spindle 3
a also stops rotating in the direction of arrow C together with the workpiece 36, and the spindle 3a (therefore the workpiece 36)
It is positioned at a position rotated by a predetermined angle θ2 in the direction of arrow C from the C-axis origin CZP.

Next, the tool rest 26 that was evacuated in this state
is moved along with the milling tool 29 a predetermined distance toward the workpiece 36 in the direction of arrow H in FIG. Then, a groove 36b is drilled in the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece 36 so as to be spaced from the previously drilled groove 36a by a predetermined angle θ2 in the direction of arrow D in FIG.

In this way, when milling etc. are performed on the workpiece 36 and the first step of machining is completed, the main control section 12 transfers the workpiece delivery program from the system program memory 16 shown in FIG.
Call WTP and the corresponding work transfer program
We will carry out WTP. That is, the main control unit 12
First, the C-axis control section 21 is commanded to position the spindle 3a at the delivery position CP (see FIG. 11). In response to this, the C-axis control unit 21 drives the spindle drive motor 3c to slowly rotate the spindle 3a together with the workpiece 36 in the direction of arrow C or D. Then, the transducer 3d attached to the spindle drive motor 3c outputs a rotation signal RS4 to the C-axis control unit 21 every predetermined rotation angle of the spindle drive motor 3c in the direction of arrow C or D.

Then, the C-axis control unit 21 receives the rotation signal RS4.
Count the number of inputs and find the position of the spindle 3a with respect to the C-axis origin CZP (see Figure 11),
The reference position SP1 of the spindle 3a is the C-axis origin
When positioned at the delivery position CP, which is a predetermined angle α away from CZP in the direction of arrow C, a stop signal is sent.
Spindle drive motor 3c with ST1 shown in Fig. 1
Output for. Then, the spindle drive motor 3c stops rotating in the directions of arrows C and D in response to this, and as a result, the spindle 3a moves toward the workpiece 36.
At the same time, the spindle 3a stops rotating in the direction of arrow C or D, and the spindle 3a is positioned at the delivery position CP. In addition, as a delivery position CP if necessary,
It is also possible to select the C-axis origin (ie, when α=0).

Further, the main control section 12 shown in FIG.
(See Figure 2). Then, the C-axis control unit 22 shown in FIG. 1 rotates the spindle drive motor 5c together with the spindle 5a at low speed in the direction of arrow C or D, and detects the rotation angle amount via the transducer 5d. Based on the rotation angle amount, the position of the spindle 5a in the directions of arrows C and D with respect to the C-axis origin CZP shown in FIG. 12 is determined, and the reference position SP of the spindle 5a is determined.
2 is a predetermined angle α in the direction of arrow C from the C-axis origin CZP.
When the spindle drive motor 5c is positioned at the delivery position CP, which is separated by the distance, the rotation of the spindle drive motor 5c is stopped. Then, the spindle 5a stops rotating in the direction of arrow C or D and is positioned at the delivery position CP.

In this way, each reference position of the spindles 3a, 5a
When SP1 and SP2 are positioned at the delivery position CP, the spindle 5 shown in FIG.
Loosen the chuck 5b attached to the spindle a, and in this state move the headstock 5 together with the spindle 5a in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 5 to bring the spindle 5a and spindle 3a closer together. The part where the first step was performed is the chuck 5b.
Insert it inside. In this state, the chuck 5b is tightened and the workpiece 36 is held by the chucks 3b, 5b.

When the workpiece 36 is held by the chucks 3b and 5b, the workpiece 36 and the chuck 3b
Release the holding relationship with the headstock 5, and in that state,
With the chuck 5b holding the workpiece 36,
The spindles 3a and 5a are separated by moving a predetermined distance in the direction of arrow B, that is, in the direction away from the headstock 3. Then, the workpiece 36 is transferred from the spindle 3a side to the spindle 5a side by the chuck 5b.
It will be transferred via. Note that this work 36 is transferred by the spindle 3a,
5a are respectively positioned at predetermined delivery positions CP, and the workpiece 36 is transferred to both spindles 3 by chucks 5b attached to the spindles 5a.
Since this is carried out by directly holding the C-axis angular positions of a and 5a, the shifting operation does not cause a phase shift of the workpiece 36 with respect to the C-axis origin CZP.

In this way, the workpiece 36 that has completed the first step is
When the workpiece 36 is transferred to the spindle 5a side, the workpiece 36 is processed in the second step based on the machining program PRO corresponding to the workpiece 36, and the chuck 3 is transferred to the spindle 3a side.
An unprocessed workpiece 36 is mounted via b, and the previously described first step is performed on the unprocessed workpiece 36.

At this time, the turret heads 26a, 27a of the respective tool rests 26, 27 are
The tools are placed rear to back to each other through a non-interfering spatial area provided between the two, and as shown in FIG.
The tool attached to 6a is chuck 3 on the headstock 3 side.
In b, since the tool mounted on the turret head 27a on the right side in the figure is placed facing the chuck 5b on the headstock 5 side, one turret head 26a
Or, the tool mounted on the turret head 27a or 27a does not face the other turret head 27a or 26a side, that is, the headstock 5 or 3 side, and the tool rest 26 and the headstock 3,
The tool rest 27 and the headstock 5 can operate independently of each other with a non-interfering spatial region as a boundary. As a result, no matter what position the tool rests 26 and 27 are in and when the turret heads 26a and 27a are rotated, there is no possibility that the tools will interfere with each other. As a result, no matter what state the headstock 5 and the turret 27 side are in, that is, the spindle 3
Even if the workpiece 36, which has completed the first process and has been transferred from the a side, is being processed, on the headstock 3 side,
The unprocessed workpiece 36 is mounted on the chuck 3b (if necessary, even setup work such as replacing the tool 29 with respect to the turret head 26a of the tool rest 26) is carried out regardless of the state of the headstock 5 and the tool rest 27. There is no need to stop operation on the headstock 5 side.

That is, the main control section 12 shown in FIG. 1 instructs the rotation speed control section 25 to rotate the spindle 5a in the direction of arrow C at a predetermined rotation speed NB.
Then, the rotation speed control unit 25 rotates the spindle drive motor 5c in the direction of arrow C together with the spindle 5a. At this time, the rotation speed control section 25 detects the rotation speed of the spindle drive motor 5c via the transducer 5d, and controls the spindle drive motor 5c so that the detected rotation speed becomes a predetermined rotation speed NB. Control.

The main control section 12 shown in FIG. Or move it in the B direction (Z-axis direction). At this time, the feed drive motor control section 20 controls the headstock 5 via the transducer 9a.
The amount of movement is detected, and the drive motor 9 is controlled based on the detected amount of movement. Furthermore, the main control unit 12
The turret control unit 40 is driven to move the turret 27 along with the turning tool 29 to arrows G and H as shown in FIG.
By appropriately moving and driving the tool 29 in the direction
The outer diameter portion of the workpiece 36 is turned into a predetermined shape.

Moreover, as already mentioned, for the unprocessed workpiece 36 held by the chuck 3b shown in FIG. At the same time, the tool rest 26 is moved along with the turning tool 29 in the direction of arrows G and H.
A predetermined turning process is performed by appropriately moving and driving in the direction (X-axis direction).

At this time, the turret heads 26a and 27a of the respective tool rests 26 and 27 are arranged rearward to each other, and the tools are mounted on the headstocks 3 and 27a of the respective tool rests 26 and 27, respectively.
Since the tools 29 on the turret heads 26a and 27a are placed facing the chucks 3b and 5b of the turret heads 26a and 27a, even if both tool rests 26 and 27 are used together and machining is performed simultaneously with the headstocks 3 and 5, the tools 29 on the turret heads 26a and 27a are Simultaneous machining by both headstocks 3, 5 and tool rests 26, 27 can be performed smoothly without interference with each other.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 7, the outer diameter portions of the workpieces 36, 36 have been turned, respectively, and the tool rests 26, 27 have been turned.
36 in the direction of arrow G, and in this state, the internal turning tools 29, 29 mounted on the tool rests 26, 27 are positioned at positions facing each work 36. Next, the tool rests 26 and 27 are each sent a predetermined distance in the direction of arrow H in FIG.
The tool 29 for internal turning is placed on the right end surface of the unprocessed workpiece 36 in the figure, and on the workpiece 36 that has undergone the first process.
In this state, the headstock 3,
5 are moved in the directions of arrows A and B (Z-axis direction), respectively, and the inner diameter portions of the unprocessed workpiece 36 and the workpiece 36 that has undergone the first process are processed into a predetermined shape. At this time, the manner in which the inner diameter tool on the tool rest 27 side is attached to the turret head 27a is as follows.
6, when performing internal machining with an internal tool, the internal tool is placed in the turret head 27 so that the tool rest 27 and the headstock 5 have a predetermined non-interfering space.
It is mounted on a. Therefore, the inner diameter machining using the inner diameter tool can be performed smoothly. In addition, after the processing,
The headstock 3 is appropriately moved in the direction of arrow A, and the headstock 5 is appropriately moved in the direction of arrow B, so that each tool 29 mounted on the tool rest 26, 27 is taken out from each inner diameter portion. In this state, the tool rests 26 and 27 are moved in the direction of arrow G to retreat from the workpiece 36, etc., and the chuck 3
Stop the rotation of b and 5b in the direction of arrow C.

Next, in this state, the chuck 5b shown in FIG.
Drilling with C-axis control is performed on the workpiece 36 that has undergone the first step and is held in the same position, using a method similar to the method already described with reference to FIG.
That is, the main control section 12 shown in FIG. 1 drives the C-axis control section 22 to control the spindle drive motor 5c.
It is rotated together with the spindle 5a at low speed in the direction of arrow D. Then, the spindle 5a shown in FIG.
The reference position SP2 also rotates in the direction of arrow D, and when the reference position SP2 coincides with the C-axis origin CZP, the origin detection signal OS2 is output from the transducer 5d shown in FIG. 1 to the C-axis control unit 22. be done. In addition,
As shown in FIG. 12, when the reference position SP2 of the spindle 5a coincides with the C-axis origin CZP, the grooves 36a and 36b bored in the workpiece 36 during the first step As shown by imaginary lines in the figure, they are located at positions separated from the C-axis origin CZP by rotational angle amounts θ1 and (θ1+θ2) in the direction of arrow D, respectively. Furthermore, the C-axis control unit 22 outputs an origin detection signal.
From the moment OS2 inputs, transducer 5
When the amount of rotation angle of the spindle 5a in the direction of arrow D detected through d reaches a predetermined angle θ3, the spindle drive motor 5c is stopped.

Then, the spindle 5a is moved to its reference position SP.
2 is positioned at a position separated from the C-axis origin CZP by a predetermined angle θ3 in the direction of arrow D in FIG.

Next, in this state, the tool rest 27 shown in FIG.
While rotating, a drilling tool 29 such as a drill is moved a predetermined distance in the direction of arrow H toward the workpiece 36, and the headstock 5 is further driven to move in the direction of arrow A as appropriate. Then, as described above, the workpiece 36 has been processed in the first step on the spindle 3a side and then transferred to the spindle 5a side without any phase shift, so there is no hole in the workpiece 36. 36c is formed at a predetermined angle θ3, respectively, in the direction of arrow C from the grooves 36a and 36b shown by broken lines in FIG. 12 drilled in the first step.
The holes are drilled through the holes at a distance of (θ2 + θ3).

In this way, when the second step of machining the workpiece 36 is completed, the chuck 5b is loosened and
The processed workpiece 36 is removed from the chuck 5b, and the workpiece 36 is discharged into a workpiece catcher 37 in the lower part of FIG. In parallel, the workpiece 36 held by the chuck 3b shown in FIG. Perform milling with axis control,
Grooves 36a and 36b shown in FIG. 11 are formed in the workpiece 36.
to be drilled. In this way, the workpiece 36 is continuously processed by performing the first step and the second step in parallel.

In addition, in the embodiment described above, the workpiece 36
When transferring from the spindle 3a side to the spindle 5a side, the headstock 5 is transferred together with the spindle 5a,
A case has been described in which the workpiece 36 is transferred by being moved in the direction of arrow A toward the spindle 3a of the headstock 3. However, the delivery method is
Not limited to this, the headstocks 3 and 5 are relatively
Any method may be used as long as the spindles 3a and 5a can be brought close to each other by moving in the B direction (Z-axis direction) and the workpiece 36 can be transferred in this state. For example, by moving the headstock 3 together with the spindle 3a in the direction of arrow B toward the spindle 5a,
It may also be transferred from the a side to the spindle 5a side.
Also, by moving the headstock 3 in the direction of arrow B and the headstock 5 in the direction of arrow A, the spindle 3
a and 5a close to each other, and in that state workpiece 3
You may pass 6.

In the embodiment described above, the spindles 3a and 5 are controlled based on the work transfer program WTP stored in the system program memory 16.
As described above, the workpiece is transferred between spindles 3 and 3.
Any method may be used as long as it is possible to directly transfer the work 36 between a and 5a. For example, it goes without saying that a machining program PRO created including the contents of the workpiece transfer program WTP may be stored in the machining program memory 15, and the workpiece transfer operation may be performed based on the machining program PRO. be.

(g) Effect of the invention As explained above, according to the present invention, the aircraft 2
A first spindle (e.g., spindle 3a) and a second spindle (e.g., spindle 5a) are each provided with workpiece holding means such as chucks 3b and 5b capable of holding a workpiece. ) rotatably supported,
In a machine tool in which the first and second headstocks 3 and 5 are provided to face each other, the first and/or the second headstock
A headstock is provided so as to be relatively movable only in the axial direction of the spindle, and a first tool rest (e.g. tool rest 26) is provided corresponding to the first spindle, and a second tool rest is provided corresponding to the first spindle.
A second tool rest (for example, the tool rest 27) corresponding to the spindle is arranged on the same side with respect to the line segment connecting the spindle axis, and the first spindle and the first tool rest are assembled together. The set of the second spindle and the second tool rest are arranged on both sides with a non-interference space region between them, and the turrets such as turret heads 26a and 27a are mounted on the first and second tool rests in the direction of the spindle axis. The turret of the first tool post has a first tool rest on its outer circumferential surface. A plurality of outer diameter tools and/or inner diameter tools are arranged toward the workpiece holding means of the main spindle, and a plurality of outer diameter tools and/or inner diameter tools are arranged on the turret of the second tool post toward the workpiece holding means of the second spindle. A plurality of tools are arranged, and the cutting edge of the outer diameter tool indexed to the machining position protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of each turret in the direction of the spindle axis, and when the cutting edge almost reaches the spindle center line, The outer diameter tool is installed on the turret so that there is a non-interference space between the spindle side front surface and the headstock side surface, and the cutting edge of the inner diameter tool indexed to the machining position is
Each turret protrudes from the outer circumferential surface in the direction of the spindle axis, and when its cutting edge almost reaches the spindle center line, the front surface on the spindle side of the tool rest has a non-interference space with the side surface of the headstock, and the cutting edge of the internal tool The inner diameter tool is installed on the turret so as to form a workpiece machining area between the turret and/or the front surface of the tool rest on the spindle side, and the tool on the first tool rest is attached to the first tool rest.
Since the tool on the second tool rest is configured to be machined while facing the work holding means of the second spindle, the two tool rests connect the spindle axis. The turrets are arranged on the same side with respect to the line segment, and the turrets are arranged on each tool rest rearwardly through a non-interfering spatial area, and the tool rests are placed on the same side of each headstock as shown in Fig. 2. It is efficiently arranged in a space that is never used, and since each turret is arranged on the frame adjacent to each other with a non-interfering space in between, the tool rest is interposed between the turrets and between the headstock. The dimensions of the lathe in the left-right direction (Z-axis direction) and up-down direction (X-axis direction) in Figure 2,
It is possible to minimize wasted space that does not contribute to machining operations. That is, if the maximum distance between the headstocks 3 and 5 in the Z-axis direction is the same, it is possible to secure the maximum machining area. Furthermore, each headstock can be approached from, for example, the side where the tool rest shown in FIG. 2 is not disposed, without being obstructed by the tool rest, and the approach to the head stock and workability are extremely good. Also,
Since the turret does not enter between the headstocks, chips are not scattered on the sliding surfaces of the turret, which is advantageous in terms of machine maintenance.

In addition, a set of a first spindle and a first tool rest and a set of a second spindle and a second tool rest are arranged on both sides with a non-interference space region in between.
Turrets are provided in the first tool rest so as to be freely rotatable about axes parallel to the spindle axial direction and are arranged rearward to each other with the non-interfering spatial region interposed therebetween, and the turrets of the first tool rest A plurality of outer diameter tools and/or inner diameter tools are disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the tool, facing the workpiece holding means of the first spindle, and a plurality of outer diameter tools and/or inner diameter tools are arranged on the turret of the second tool rest, facing the workpiece holding means of the second spindle. Since the configuration has a plurality of external tools and/or internal tools arranged, the first spindle and first tool rest set and the second spindle and second tool rest set are completely connected to each other through a non-interference space. Independent operation is possible. As a result, no matter what state the other spindle and tool rest are in, that is, even if a workpiece 36 that has completed the first process and is transferred from one spindle side is being processed, On the spindle side, setup work such as mounting the unprocessed workpiece 36 can be performed regardless of the state of the other spindle and the turret, and there is no need to stop the operation of the other spindle. Also, by using the first and second tool rests together, the first and second tool rests can be used together.
Even if simultaneous machining is performed using a spindle, the tools 29 on the tool holding means will interfere with each other (especially internal diameter tools), as in a facing arrangement in which the tools on each turret are arranged facing inward. Simultaneous machining of two workpieces using both spindles and the turret can be smoothly performed for both inner and outer diameter machining. Furthermore, since there is no need to consider interference between the first and second tool rests and the tools mounted on these tool rests, creating a machining program does not take much time and does not require a high degree of skill.

Furthermore, the cutting edge of the external tool indexed to the machining position protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of each turret in the direction of the spindle axis, and when the cutting edge almost reaches the spindle center line, the front surface of the tool rest on the spindle side is aligned with the spindle. The outer diameter tool is installed on the turret so as to have a non-interference space between it and the side surface of the table, and the cutting edge of the inner diameter tool indexed to the machining position protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of each turret head in the direction of the spindle axis, and When the cutting edge almost reaches the spindle center line, there is a non-interference space between the front surface of the tool rest on the spindle side and the side surface of the head stock.
The inner diameter tool is installed on the turret so that a workpiece machining area is formed between the cutting edge of the inner diameter tool and the turret and/or the front surface on the spindle side of the tool rest.
In normal machining operations, even at the limit position in the X-axis minus direction (direction of arrow H in Figure 2) that the outer and inner tools reach (i.e., in normal machining, the outer and inner tools are centered on the spindle). line (not in the direction of arrow H in Figure 2), there is a non-interference space between the front side of the spindle side of the tool rest and the side surface of the head stock, so as long as you create a machining program for normal machining, the turret and There is no need to consider interference between the headstocks, and creating a machining program does not take much time or requires a high degree of skill. Furthermore, since the cutting edge of the internal tool is provided on the turret so as to form a workpiece machining area between the turret and/or the front surface of the tool post on the spindle side, the cutting edge of the internal tool is provided on the turret so as to form a workpiece machining area between the workpiece and the turret and/or the main axis side front surface of the tool post. Alternatively, there is no risk of interference with the turret, and in this respect as well, creation of machining programs becomes easier.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a control block diagram showing an embodiment of the opposed spindle lathe according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the opposed spindle lathe shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 to 10 are the opposed spindle lathe according to the present invention. A diagram showing how a workpiece is processed using an example of
FIG. 11 is a view of the workpiece in the direction of the Q arrow in FIG.
FIG. 12 is a view of the workpiece in the direction of arrow R in FIG. 9. 1... Opposed spindle lathe, 2... Frame (body), 3, 5... Headstock, 3a, 5a... Spindle, 3b, 5b... Work holding means (chuck), 26, 27... Turret, 26a, 27a...
...Turret (turret head), 29...tool.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A first spindle and a second spindle, each having a frame and rotatably supporting a first spindle and a second spindle, each of which is provided with a work holding means capable of holding a work. In a machine tool in which second headstocks are provided oppositely to each other, the first and/or second headstocks are provided so as to be relatively movable only in the axial direction of the spindle, and Correspondingly, the first turret
Also, a second tool rest corresponding to the second spindle,
arranged on the same side with respect to a line segment connecting the spindle axis, and a set of the first spindle and the first tool rest and a set of the second spindle and the second tool rest are placed in a non-interference area. turrets are arranged on both sides of the first and second tool rests so as to be freely rotatable about axes parallel to the spindle axial direction, and are arranged rearward to each other through the non-interfering spatial region. a plurality of outer diameter tools and/or inner diameter tools are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the turret of the first tool post toward the workpiece holding means of the first spindle; A plurality of outer diameter tools and/or inner diameter tools are arranged on the turret of the table facing the work holding means of the second spindle, and the cutting edge of the outer diameter tool indexed to the machining position is set from the outer peripheral surface of each turret. The outer diameter tool is attached to the turret so that when the tool protrudes in the direction of the spindle axis and its cutting edge reaches approximately the spindle center line, there is a non-interference space between the front surface of the tool rest on the spindle side and the side surface of the head stock. The cutting edge of the inner diameter tool provided and indexed to the machining position protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of each turret in the direction of the spindle axis, and when the cutting edge reaches approximately the spindle center line, the front surface of the tool rest on the spindle side is aligned with the spindle. The inner diameter tool is provided on the turret so as to have a non-interference space between it and the side surface of the table, and the cutting edge of the inner diameter tool forms a workpiece machining area between the turret and/or the front surface on the spindle side of the tool rest, Opposed spindles, characterized in that the tool on the first tool rest faces the workpiece holding means of the first spindle, and the tool on the second tool rest faces the workpiece holding means of the second spindle for machining. lathe.