JPH0246323B2 - KOGUHETSUDOSOCHI - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a tool head device for performing hole machining, outer diameter machining, etc., and more particularly to a tool head device in which a holder mechanism for holding a cutting tool has a cutting feed function.

Conventionally, this type of tool head device was
A method as shown in No. 27309 is already known. This device is equipped with a cutting feed mechanism for moving the tool holder in the radial direction of the workpiece machining hole, etc., and a mechanism for quickly reversing the tool holder, but the operating force for this quick return is due to the cutting feed system. Since the feed is transmitted to the tool holder via the cutting tool, it is possible to feed the tool faster than when cutting, but it is not possible to achieve rapid retraction like the quick return at the spindle head, resulting in a decrease in work efficiency. If it were to be made to do so, a drive source separate from the cutting feed would be required, which would increase the size and weight of the tool head device. Additionally, conventional devices of this type generally have a complicated structure and are expensive.

This invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to simplify the structure of the feeding mechanism and the device itself by using a gear train consisting of a sun gear and a planetary gear. To provide a tool head device which utilizes the rotation of a main shaft during quick return of a cutting tool, thereby increasing the speed of quick return, improving work efficiency, and making it possible to omit a quick return drive source.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the tool head device according to the present invention, in which 1 is a main spindle head of a machine tool, 2 is a main spindle rotatably attached to the main spindle head 1, and this main spindle is A tool adapter 3 is fitted into the taper hole 2a of No. 2, and is fixed by a draw bolt (not shown) screwed into the screw hole 3a. 4 is a tool holder having a shank part 4a and a plate part 4b, and a tapered part 4c connected to the tip of the shank part 4a is connected to the taper hole 3 of the adapter 3.
b and is inserted into the screw hole 3a of the adapter 3.
It is fixed to the adapter 3 by a bolt 5 screwed into the insertion end of the tapered part from the side, and the tool holder 4 is prevented from rotating by a screw 6 screwed into the outer wall of the main shaft protruding part of the adapter 3. Also,
Reference numeral 7 denotes a feed base for holding tools, and the feed base 7 is supported by a dovetail-shaped guide portion 8 on the front end surface (lower surface) of the plate portion 4b so as to be slidable in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the tool holder 4. This feed table 7 has
The arbor of a tool 10, such as a boring tool, is inserted into the mounting hole 9 formed in this and is held by tightening with a bolt 11.

A space 12 is formed in the plate part 4b facing the guide part 8 of the feed table 7, and a shaft 13 is inserted into the space 12 parallel to the moving direction of the feed table 7 as shown in FIG. A worm 14 is mounted on this shaft 13.
and a worm wheel 15 are integrated and rotatably attached, and a rack 16 that engages with the worm 14 is integrally fixed to the guide portion 8 of the feed table 7, and a worm that engages with the worm wheel 15. 17 is rotatably attached to a shaft 18 disposed at right angles to the shaft 13 in the cavity 12, and a spur gear 19 integrated with the worm 17 is rotatably attached to the shaft 18. A portion of the gear 19 protrudes outward from the shank portion 4a of the tool holder 4.

A gear casing 20 is arranged concentrically around the outer periphery of the shank portion 4a of the tool holder 4 so as to be relatively rotatable.When the tool holder 4 including the adapter 3 is attached to the main shaft 2, the casing 20 is connected to the main shaft by a member (not shown). It is fixed to the head 1. Shank portion 4a located inside the casing 20
A first sun gear 21 is fixed concentrically to the outer periphery of the shank portion 4a, and an input gear 22 having a diameter sufficiently larger than the first sun gear 21 is attached to the upper side of the first sun gear 21.
The boss portion 2 of the input gear 22 is arranged concentrically with the
2a and the boss portion 21a of the first sun gear 21 and between the lid member 20a of the casing 20, bearings 23 and 24 are interposed, respectively, to support the boss portion 22a of the input gear 22 from above and below. The shank portion 4a and the first sun gear 2
The worm 25, which meshes with the input gear 22, is fixed to an operating shaft 26 which extends in the tangential direction of the input gear 22 and is rotatably attached to the casing 20, as shown in FIG. ,
A feed handle 27 is attached to the end of the operating shaft 26 that projects outside the casing 20.
Further, on the lower side of the first sun gear 21, a donut-shaped rotating disk 28 and a second sun gear 29 having the same diameter as the first sun gear 21 are arranged concentrically with the shank portion 4a and located on the shank portion 4a. are arranged along the longitudinal direction, and include a rotating disk 28 and a first sun gear 2
Bearings 30 and 31 are interposed between the boss portion 21a of the first sun gear 29 and the boss portion 29a of the second sun gear 29, respectively. By making the second sun gear 29 rotatable relative to the first and second sun gears 21 and 29, and by bringing the lower surface of the boss portion 29a of the second sun gear 29 into contact with the plate portion 4b, the second sun gear 29 is also supported so as to be rotatable relative to the shank portion 4a and the rotating disk 28.

A pair of gear shafts 32 and 33 are perpendicularly fixed to the rotating disk 28 with a phase of 180 degrees in the circumferential direction, and the upper ends of the gear shafts 32 and 33 are connected to the first sun gear 21 and the upper part. A first planetary gear 35 that meshes with an internal gear 34 provided on the input gear 22
a and 35b are rotatably attached, and furthermore, second planetary gears 36a and 36b (same diameter as the first planetary gears 35a, 35b) mesh with the second sun gear 29 at the lower ends of the gear shafts 32 and 33. )
are rotatably attached to each other, and the second planetary gears 36a, 36b are meshed with an internal gear 37 which is concentrically with the second sun gear 29 and integrally fixed to the casing 20 on the outside thereof. ing. Further, the second sun gear 29
An internal gear 38 is formed in the internal gear 38.
meshes with the spur gear 19.

Reference numeral 39 denotes a rotation stop pin that is attached to the side wall of the casing 20 so as to be able to advance and retreat in the radial direction at a position facing the rotating disk 28. The pin 39 can be engaged with an engaging portion 40 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating disk 28.
When engaged with the engaging portion 40, the rotary disk 28 is locked, and the rotary disk 28 is prevented from rotating. Further, the engagement position and disengagement position of the pin 39 with the engagement portion 40 are held by a click mechanism (not shown). Reference numeral 41 is a positioning stopper for setting the retracted position of the feed base 7.

Next, the operation of this embodiment configured as described above will be explained.

When boring a workpiece, etc., first, the adapter 3 to which the tool holder 4 is attached is attached to the spindle 2, and the casing 20 is fixed to the spindle head 1 of the machine tool. When the spindle 2 is rotated in such a state, the tool 10 including the tool holder 4 and the feed base 7
is rotated together with the main shaft 2.

At this time, if the tool holder 4 is rotated in the direction of arrow A in FIG. First planetary gear 35
a and 35b rotate in the direction of the arrow in FIG. At this time, since the input gear 22 is in a fixed state, the first planetary gears 35a and 35b revolve around the first sun gear 21 in the same direction as arrow A, and rotate at the same time. Disk 28 is also rotated in the same direction. On the other hand, when the rotating disk 28 rotates in the same direction as the arrow A, the first planetary gear 35a,
A second planetary gear 36a coaxially supported with 35b,
36b also revolves in the same way. At this time, since the internal gear 37 with which the second planet gears 36a, 36b mesh is fixed, the second planet gears 36a, 36
b is the first planetary gear 35a, 35b as it revolves.
The rotation due to this rotation is transmitted to the second sun gear 29, causing the second sun gear 29 to rotate in the same direction as the tool holder 4 (direction of arrow A). In this case, the second sun gear 2
Since 9 has the same diameter (same number of teeth) as the first sun gear 21, the rotational speed of the second sun gear 29 is the same as that of the tool holder 4, and the relative speed between the tool holder 4 and the second sun gear 29 is the same. The rotation speed becomes 0. Therefore, no rotation is transmitted from the second sun gear 29 to the spur gear 19, and no cutting feed is applied to the feed base 7.

Next, a case will be described in which, for example, boring is performed by applying cutting feed to the feed table 7.

In this case, the handle 27 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 2. Then, the rotation caused by the operation of the handle 27 is transmitted to the input gear 22 via the worm 25, and rotates the input gear 22 in the same direction as arrow A in FIG. Therefore, the rotation (autorotation) of the first planetary gears 35a, 35b in the direction of the arrow is accelerated according to the amount of rotation of the input gear 22, and at the same time, the rotation of the planetary gears including the rotating disk 28 is increased according to the amount of rotation of the input gear 22. Gears 35a, 35b and 36a, 36b
The orbital speed of will also increase. second planetary gear 36a,
36b increases, the rotation of the second planetary gears 36a and 36b also becomes faster than in the above case, so the rotational speed of the second sun gear 29 that meshes with them also becomes faster than in the case where the feeding is not applied. As a result, a relative rotational speed difference occurs between the second sun gear 29 and the tool holder 4, and rotation corresponding to the difference is transferred to the spur gear 19 via the internal gear 38 of the second sun gear 29. and rotates it in the direction of arrow B in FIG. The rotation transmitted to the spur gear 19 is transmitted to the wormhole 1 via the worm 17.
5, and the worm 14 integrated with this is transmitted to the third
Rotate in the direction of the arrow in the figure. warm 14
is rotated in the direction of the arrow, the rack 16 that meshes with it moves in the direction of the arrow C, and at the same time the rack 16
The feed table 7 integrated with the cut feed is fed in the direction of arrow C.

Note that at this time, the amount of cutting of the feed table 7 with one rotation of the handle 27 is about 1/1000 mm. Moreover, when the cutting direction of the feed base 7 is opposite to the above-mentioned arrow C, the handle 27 may be rotated counterclockwise. In this case, the planetary gears 35a, 3
The rotation and revolution of 5b, 36a, and 36b are slowed down in the opposite manner to the above.

Next, a case will be described in which, after the hole diameter of the workpiece is bored to a predetermined size by the above-mentioned cutting feed, the feed table 7 is operated to return quickly.

In this case, once the hole has been bored with the tool, stop the cutting feed by operating the handle, push the rotation stop pin 39 in the direction of the arrow X in FIG. Press it against the surface. As the rotary disk 28 rotates, when the engaging portion 40 reaches the pressing position of the pin 39, the pin 39 engages with the engaging portion 40 and locks the rotating disk 28. As a result, the revolution of the first and second planetary gears 35a, 35b and 36a, 36b is stopped, and at the same time, the rotation of the second sun gear 29 is stopped, and the second planetary gears 36a, 36b and the fixed internal gear are stopped. 37.

In this state, the tool holder 4 is rotating in the direction of arrow A, and as a result of this rotation, the spur gear 19 moves planetarily while internally meshing with the internal gear 38 of the second sun gear 29. It rotates in the direction opposite to arrow B. The rotational speed of the spur gear 19 at this time is the rotational speed of the tool holder 4 multiplied by the ratio of the number of teeth between the spur gear 19 and the internal gear 38. Spur gear 1
9 rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow B, the rotation is transmitted to the worm 14 via the worm 17 and the worm wheel 15, causing the worm 14 to rotate in the direction opposite to the arrow shown in FIG. When the worm 14 is rotated, the feed table 7 is rapidly moved in the direction opposite to the arrow C in FIG. 3 via the rack 16 that meshes with the worm 14, thereby quickly returning the feed table 7. At the same time, the rotation of the first sun gear 21, which rotates together with the tool holder 4, is transmitted to the input gear 22 via the first planetary gears 35a, 35b and the internal gear 34,
Further, the rotation of the input gear 22 is transmitted to the operating shaft 26 via the worm 25 meshing with the input gear 22, and the operating shaft 26 including the handle 27 is rotated in the opposite direction to the feeding operation direction, and at the same time, the feed amount display scale 42 is returned to its original state. Return to position.

Then, when the feed bar 7 reaches the backward end and the stopper 41 provided therein collides with a stopper receiver (not shown), the backward movement of the feed bar 7 is stopped. In this state, the main spindle 2, that is, the tool holder 4 is further moved to the arrow A.
When the rotating disk 28 attempts to rotate in the direction shown in FIG.
is pushed out in the opposite direction, and the engagement with the rotating disk 28 is released. Therefore, the planetary gears 35a, 35b, 36a, 36b including the rotating disk 28 revolve again, and the quick return operation of the feed bar 7 due to the rotation of the main shaft 2 is stopped.

As described above, according to this embodiment, during normal cutting feed, the planetary gears 35a, 35b and the sun gear 2
The feed table 7 is moved through a gear train consisting of gears 1, 29, etc., and during fast return, the rotation of the main shaft, that is, the tool holder 4, is moved by acting directly on the feed table 7 without going through the gear train. Therefore, the speed of quick return of the feed table 7 can be increased, and as a result, the takt time of machining can be reduced compared to the case of quick return via a conventional notch feed system, and work efficiency can be improved. Further, since the feed mechanism of the feed table 7 is constituted by a gear train, the structure of the tool head device is simplified, its rigidity is increased, and highly accurate cutting feed is possible.

In the above embodiment, the case where the cutting feed operation of the feed table 7 is performed manually using the handle 27 has been explained. However, if this handle 27 is replaced with a servo motor, automatic cutting feeding and automatic return becomes possible, and the servo motor The input to the machine tool can be controlled by signals from the control device of the machine tool, making it possible to use it in machining centers. In addition, rotating disk 2
The operation of the pin 39 for stopping the rotation of 8 may be performed automatically using an air or hydraulic cylinder or the like. If such a method is adopted, it can also be used in NC machine tools.

As described above, according to the present invention, the feeding mechanism of the tool feeder is configured using a gear train consisting of a sun gear, a planetary gear, etc., so that the structure of the feeding mechanism and the device itself is simplified, and the rigidity is improved. In addition, when the tool feeder returns quickly, the rotation of the main shaft is used to transmit the information directly to the feeder without going through the feed mechanism consisting of a gear train, making it possible to quickly return the feeder. This improves the actual operating rate of cutting processing,
Moreover, there is an effect that a fast return drive source is not required.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a tool head device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 1. be. 1...Spindle head, 2...Spindle, 3...Adapter, 4...Tool holder, 4a...Shank part, 7
...Feeding stand, 8...Guiding section, 10...Tool, 14
... Worm, 15 ... Worm wheel, 16
... Rack, 17 ... Worm, 19 ... Spur gear, 20 ... Casing, 21 ... First sun gear, 22 ... Input gear, 26 ... Operation shaft, 27 ...
... Handle, 28 ... Rotating disk, 29 ... Second sun gear, 34 ... Internal gear, 35a, 35b ...
...first planetary gear, 36a, 36b...second planetary gear, 37...fixed internal gear, 38...internal gear, 39...rotation stop pin. 40...Engagement part.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A tool holder attached to the main spindle of a machine tool, a feed stand for holding the tool installed at the tip of this tool holder so as to be movable in a direction perpendicular to its axis, and a feed stand for holding the tool installed at the tip of the tool holder so as to be movable in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the tool holder, and a feed stand concentric with the shank of the tool holder. a casing disposed so as to be rotatable relative to the tool holder; an input gear disposed concentrically and rotatably relative to the tool holder shank within the casing; and a feed operation supported by the casing to rotate the input gear. means, a first sun gear concentrically fixed to the tool holder shank, and a second sun gear concentrically and relatively rotatably mounted to the tool holder shank, and concentrically to the tool holder shank. and a first planetary gear that is supported by a rotating disk that is relatively rotatably supported and that meshes with the first sun gear and the internal gear of the input gear, the second sun gear, and the casing. a second planetary gear meshing with a fixed internal gear; and a relative relationship between the second sun gear and the tool holder caused by rotation applied to the input gear via a feed operation means provided on the tool holder. A gear train that converts the rotational speed difference into cutting feed and the rotation of the tool holder as fast reversal to feed the feed bar, and means attached to the casing to lock the rotating disk when the feed bar is in quick return. Tool head device.