JPH0246683A - Windshield - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an anti-fog windshield that removes fog and ice formed on the windshield by using heat generated by a transparent resistor. Applicable to windows of transportation vehicles such as ships.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, a device has been known that melts snow, ice, etc. adhering to the windshield in a short time by applying electricity to a transparent resistor disposed on the windshield of an automobile. It is being

For example, as shown in FIG. 5, an upper electrode 11a and a lower electrode 1 are connected along the upper side 1a and lower side 1b of the laminated glass 1.
1b is provided.

In this case, the upper side 1a of the laminated glass 1 is shorter in length than the lower side 1b in accordance with the interior space of the vehicle. The length of the electrode 11b is longer.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) Generally speaking, when a driver looks at road conditions, etc., it is not desirable for the driver's view to be blocked through the window, and in order to drive safely, the driver's view must always be kept open. It is necessary.

However, when it snows or freezes, the windows may fog up due to the difference in temperature between the outside and inside air inside the cabin.

In such a case, it is desirable to start removing the fog or melting the ice from a part of the cloudy area where visibility is particularly desired. In general, the driver's gaze is often directed toward the center of the window or slightly below the center.
When it is cloudy or icy, the area where visibility is particularly desired is often at the center of the window or slightly below the center.

However, according to the conventional anti-fog windshield, the fifth
As shown in the figure, the upper electrode 11a provided on the laminated glass 1
Since the length of the lower side electrode 11b is longer than that of the lower side electrode 11b, when these electrodes 11a and Ilb are energized, the lower side electrode 11
The current density flowing through the transparent resistor near b is the upper electrode 11.
Since the current density flowing through the transparent resistor near a is relatively smaller than the current density flowing through the transparent resistor near the bottom electrode 11a,
Since the amount of heat generated is lower near point 1b, the ice will start to melt from the top side where the amount of heat is larger, and the ice will be delayed from the bottom side where you want to obtain the visibility necessary for driving, which will hinder driving. The problem is that it is easy to do.

The present invention has been made to solve these problems, and is designed to prevent ice from melting in the central part of the windshield or the central part near the bottom, which is the part of visibility that is especially necessary when driving in snowy or icy conditions. To provide a windshield which can be started relatively quickly and can quickly de-ice the windshield, remove fogging, suppress the occurrence of fogging, etc.

(Means for Solving the Problems) To achieve this, the windshield of the present invention, as shown in FIG. an upper side electrode, a plurality of lower side electrodes provided directly above the lower side of the window at predetermined intervals along the lower side, and a transparent thin film connected to the upper side electrode and the lower side electrode and stretched over the viewing area of the window. and a resistor, and the total electrode length of the plurality of lower side electrodes is shorter than the electrode length of the upper side electrodes.

(Function) According to the windshield of the present invention, the total length of the lower side electrodes is shorter than the upper side electrode length, so when the transparent thin film resistor is energized, the transparent thin film resistor near the upper side electrode is shorter than the upper side electrode. However, since the current density is higher in the transparent thin film resistor near the bottom electrode, the amount of heat generated near the bottom electrode increases compared to the top electrode, and the solution is relatively faster near the bottom electrode than near the top electrode. iced.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

In a first embodiment of the windshield of the present invention, the electrodes to which power is supplied are arranged in a configuration as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

The laminated glass l, which has a substantially trapezoidal shape corresponding to the front or rear window shape of the vehicle interior, is provided with an upper side electrode 3 along the upper side directly below the upper side 1a, and a lower side 1b that is longer than the upper side 1a. Two lower side electrodes 4 and 5 are provided symmetrically along the lower side at a predetermined interval just above the lower side. The total length of the lower side electrodes 4 and 5 is shorter than the electrode length of the upper side electrode 3.

On the mating surface of the laminated glass 1, an electrically conductive transparent thin film resistor 2 is provided by vapor deposition over almost the entire surface of the laminated glass 1 except for the edges thereof in the shaded area in FIG. Thin film resistor 2
For example, Δg is formed as a thin film on the inner surface of the outer glass by vaporization to a thickness of O, 1 μm, and is in electrical contact with the upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4.5 at the upper and lower ends. .

The upper electrode 3 is connected to the terminal 8a of the rectifier 8 of the vehicle generator 7 by a conductor 9a through the switch 6, and the lower electrodes 4 and 5 are connected to the terminal 8b of the rectifier 8 by a conductor 9b. The output voltage of machine 7 is approximately 70 [V]. The alternating current taken out from the three-phase circuit 10 is rectified by the rectifier 8, and when the switch 6 is closed, it flows through the upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4.5 and the transparent thin film resistor 2 through the conductors 9a and 9b.

In this case, the length of the lower electrode 4.5 is longer than the electrode length of the upper electrode 3.
Since the sum of the electrode lengths is shorter, the current density is larger near the lower electrode 4.5, and the amount of heat generated is larger. Therefore, when the laminated glass 1 is frozen, the deicing starts earlier in the vicinity of the lower electrode 4.5 than in the upper electrode 3 and ends earlier.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the lower electrode disposed directly on the F side lb of the laminated glass 1 is divided into three lower electrodes 14, 15, and 16. It was established.

The total length of the three lower side electrodes 14, +5.16 is,
The length is shorter than the length of the upper side electrode 3.

Transparent thin film resistors 12 are stretched between the F side electrodes 14, the squares 5 and +6, and the upper side electrodes 3 by vapor deposition.

This transparent thin film resistor 12 has a region 12a in which the lower side electrode 14 and the two-side electrode 3 are opposite sides, and a region 12a in which the lower side electrode 15 and the upper side electrode 3 are opposite sides.
b, and a region 12c having opposite sides of the lower side electrode 16 and the upper side electrode 3. Area 1
The boundary area between 2a and 12b and the boundary area between areas j2b and j2c are areas 19 and 20 where no transparent thin film resistor is provided.
It becomes. Then, the AC power source 17 and the lower side electrode 14.
15. The irises 6 are connected by conductors 1121 and 22.23, respectively.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which a three-phase alternating current generator 25 generated by a vehicle generator is used in place of the above-mentioned alternating current power supply 17.

The lower electrodes 14, 15, 16 are connected to the three-phase circuit 26, respectively.
They are connected by main conductors 27, 28, 29. That is, from the three-phase circuit 26 by conductors 27, 28, 29
It is connected to the respective bottom electrode 14, 15, 16 via contacts 30a, 30b, 30c. The other terminal of the three-phase circuit 26 is connected to a rectifier 31, and terminal 3 of the rectifier 31
1a is grounded, and the other terminal 31b is connected to a terminal 32 for use for other purposes.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a switch 30 is provided in the three-phase circuit 26.
Since the lower side electrodes 14, 15, 16 are electrically connected to the upper side electrode 3 through the transparent thin film resistor 12, the lower side electrodes 14, 15, .
By applying a three-phase AC voltage to the generator 16, a normal automatic generator 19 can be used as it is as a power source.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the windshield of the present invention, the total length of the lower side electrodes is shorter than the electrode length of the upper side electrodes arranged along the upper side of the windshield. As a result, the current density near the bottom electrode becomes relatively high and heat generation increases, so deicing, fog removal, and prevention of fogging start from the side slightly closer to the bottom electrode than the center of the window. Therefore, the field of view in the field of view from the center to the lower part of the window, which is particularly required when driving, is opened in the first stage, and safe driving is ensured.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment in which a vehicle generator is used as the power source of the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment in which a vehicle generator is used in place of the power source of the embodiment shown in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a conventional example. ...Laminated glass (window), ...Transparent thin film resistor, ...Top side electrode, 5...Bottom side electrode, ...Switch, ...Vehicle generator, ...Rectifier. 9b...Conducting wire. ...Three-phase circuit. Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A window whose top side and bottom side are almost parallel, a top side electrode provided along the top side directly below the top side of the window, and a plurality of electrodes placed at predetermined intervals along the bottom side directly above the bottom side of the window. a lower side electrode, and a transparent thin film resistor connected to the upper side electrode and the lower side electrode and stretched over the viewing area of the window, wherein the sum of the electrode lengths of the plurality of lower side electrodes is the electrode length of the upper side electrode. A windshield that is characterized by being shorter than the windshield.