JPH0247100Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a trailer connection mechanism that ensures reliable connection between a tractor and a trailer and eliminates the need for a shock during towing.

[Conventional technology]

In a conventional trailer coupling mechanism, a king pin is held between clamping portions formed on a pair of jaws that are rotatably attached to the main body of the coupling device.

When the tip of the plunger engages with the engagement groove formed at the rear of the pair of jaws, the pair of jaws are prevented from rotating, and the kingpin is held in a locking manner by the jaws. was.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, the king pin is fitted into the clamping part when the trailer is towed, so after a certain amount of use, play begins to develop between the kingpin and the clamping part.
Therefore, there was a problem that the shot became large.

In addition, the locking mechanism of the king pin was achieved by the engagement of the plunger with the engagement groove, so when driving on rough roads such as gravel roads, the plunger would disengage from the engagement groove and the locked state would occur. I was worried that it would be canceled.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a trailer coupling mechanism that does not cause rattling during towing and ensures secure locking when the trailer is coupled.

[Means to solve problems]

A trailer coupling mechanism according to the present invention that solves the above problems connects a pair of rotatable jaws that sandwich the king pin of the trailer and a plunger that is removably fitted into the engagement groove of the jaws. In the trailer coupling mechanism provided in the main body of the device, an engaging portion that contacts the king pin is provided at the tip of the plunger, and an air cylinder that moves the plunger in a forward and backward direction,
The engaging portion of the plunger is pressed against the king pin by supplying high pressure air to the air cylinder.

Here, the plunger is preferably connected to the air cylinder via a rod, and
It is desirable that the high-pressure air is constantly connected to a high-pressure air connection port provided on the trailer via a coupler.

Furthermore, the term "air cylinder" as used herein includes an air chamber.

[Effect]

The trailer coupling mechanism according to the present invention moves the plunger toward the kingpin by supplying high-pressure air to the air cylinder, and the engaging part provided at the tip of the plunger presses against the kingpin. It's summery.

〔Example〕

Next, an embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention.

Here, FIG. 1 is a plan view of a trailer coupling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are enlarged plan views showing the operating state of the trailer coupling mechanism.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a trailer coupling mechanism 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a pair of rotatable jaws 12 that are provided on a coupling device main body 10a and sandwich a trailer kingpin 11. 12 and
A plunger 14 is removably attached to the engagement grooves 13, 13 of the jaws 12, 12, an engaging portion 15 provided at the tip of the plunger 14 and abutting the king pin 11, and a plunger 14 that moves the plunger 14 forward and backward. It is composed of an air cylinder 16 that moves in the direction. These will be explained in detail below.

The coupling device main body 10a has a V-shaped guide surface 17, 1 at the front end of which guides the king pin 11 of the trailer.
7 is formed, and the guide surfaces 17, 17
A fitting part 18 is formed in the inner part of the king pin 1.
I have come to accept 1.

The jaws 12, 12 are rotatably supported by pins 19, 19 in a position close to the fitting part 18,
Clamping parts 20, 20 are formed so that the king pin 11 within the fitting part 18 can be clamped.

Engagement grooves 13, 13 are protrudingly provided in the rear portions of the pair of jaws 12, 12, and prevent the rotation of the jaws 12, 12 when the engaging portion 15 of the plunger 14 is engaged. , 12 holding parts 2
0 and 20, the king pin 11 is held in a lock-like manner.

The plunger 14 is movable back and forth along a guide frame 21 fixed to the main body 10a of the coupling device, and has an engaging portion 15 at its tip, so that the clamping portions 20, 20 of the jaws 12, 12 The king pin 11 held between the two can be pressed.

In addition, a rod 2 is attached to the rear of the plunger 14.
1a is attached, the rod 21a extends in the backward direction of the plunger 14, and the free end projects outward from the coupling device body 10a, and a spring 21b is attached to keep the plunger 14 in the forward direction at all times. It is becoming more and more popular.

As shown in FIG. 2, the air cylinder 16 includes an air cylinder main body 22 fixed to the coupling device main body 10a and a slidable piston that divides the inside of the air cylinder main body 22 into a tip chamber 23 and a base chamber 24. 25, the piston 25 is fixed to the free end of the rod 21a protruding into the tip chamber 23, and the sliding of the piston 25 causes the plunger 1 to
4 is moving forward and backward.

Holes 26 and 27 are formed in the tip chamber 23 and base chamber 24 of the air cylinder 16, respectively, and the hole 26 on the tip chamber 23 side is open to the atmosphere, and the hole 27 on the base chamber 24 side is opened to the atmosphere. An air coupler 2 is connected to the brake piping 28 on the emergency side, which is an example of a constant high-pressure air connection port provided in the
In addition, a valve 30 is attached to the brake pipe 28.

Here, reference numeral 31 indicates an operating lever for manually advancing and retracting the plunger 14, and the operating lever 31
One end is pivotally supported by the coupling device main body 10a, and the handle portion 32 at the other end protrudes from the coupling device main body 10a,
The intermediate portion passes through the connecting piece 33 fixed to the end of the plunger 14, and when the operating lever 31 is swung, the plunger 14 slides along the guide frame 21, and the engaging groove 13 of the jaws 12, 12 is moved. It is designed so that it can be connected to and disconnected from 13.

Next, to explain in more detail how to use and function the trailer coupling mechanism 10, first, when the tractor and trailer are traveling, as shown in FIG. 2, the base chamber 24 of the air cylinder 16 is
High-pressure air from the brake pipe 28 flows into the piston 25 and presses the piston 25, causing the plunger 1 to
4 are held in the engagement grooves 13, 13 of the plunger 12, 12, and the engaging portion 15 of the plunger 14 presses the king pin 11, so that high pressure air constantly flows through the brake pipe 28. As a result, the king pin 14 is fixed within the holding portion 20.

Here, since the spring 21b is attached to constantly urge the plunger 14 in the forward direction even in an emergency (air leakage, etc.), the king pin 11 will not come off from the jaws 12, 12.

Next, when removing the trailer from the tractor, close the valve 30 and air coupler 2 from the state shown in Figure 2.
When 9 is removed, the base chamber 2 of the air cylinder 16
The air inside 4 will be released to the outside. In this state, by sliding the operating lever 31 against the force of the spring 21b, the plunger 14 retreats along the guide frame 21, and the engagement with the engagement grooves 13, 13 of the jaws 12, 12 is released. be done.

Therefore, when the tractor is moved forward, king pin 1
1 comes off from the holding parts 20, 20 of the jaws 12, 12, so the jaws 12, 12 are removed from the pins 19, 19.
It is rotated around , as shown in FIG.

Next, when connecting the trailer to the tractor, the kingpin 11 is moved to the clamping portion 20, in the state shown in FIG.
20, the engagement groove 1 of the jaws 12, 12
3.13 will be held. Also, when the air coupler 29 is attached and the valve 30 is opened, the engagement groove 13 opened,
The plunger 14 is inserted into 13 and the jaws 12, 12
The rotation of the tractor is restricted, and the engaging portion 13 presses the king pin 11, so that the tractor and trailer are connected safely and securely, and there is no fear of looseness during driving.

In the above embodiment, the operation lever 31 was used to engage and disengage the plunger 14 from the engaging grooves 13, 13 of the jaws 12, 12, but an air tank was connected to the hole 26 and high pressure air was supplied to the tip chamber 23. It is also possible to perform this by causing the piston 25 to slide.

Furthermore, by providing the pin 34, which is an example of a stopper, on the operating lever 31, even if high pressure air escapes from the brake pipe 28,
The plunger 14 will not come off from the engagement grooves 13, 13.

Furthermore, by increasing the width of the engaging portion 15, the area of contact with the king pin 11 can be increased and the king pin 11 can be pressed more reliably.

[Effect of idea]

As is clear from the above description, the trailer coupling mechanism according to the present invention supplies high-pressure air to the air cylinder so that the engaging part provided at the tip of the plunger presses against the king pin. Because it is curved, there is no gap between the jack and the king pin, and the shock becomes smaller even when towing.

Furthermore, since the engaging portion always presses the king pin during towing, there is no need to worry about the plunger coming off the engaging groove even when driving on rough roads such as gravel roads.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a trailer coupling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are enlarged plan views showing the operating state of the trailer coupling mechanism. Explanation of symbols, 10... Trailer coupling mechanism, 1
0a...Connecting device main body, 11...King pin, 1
2... Jyo, 13... Engaging groove, 14... Plunger, 15... Engaging portion, 16... Air cylinder, 17... Guide surface, 18... Fitting portion, 19...
Pin, 20... Holding part, 21... Guide frame, 21
a...Rod, 21b...Spring, 22...
Air cylinder body, 23... Tip chamber, 24...
base chamber, 25... piston, 26, 27... hole,
28...Brake piping, 29...Air coupler,
30...Valve, 31...Operation lever, 32...
Handle portion, 33... Connection piece, 34... Pin (stopper).

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) A coupling device body is provided with a pair of rotatable jaws that sandwich a trailer kingpin, and a plunger that is removably fitted into the engagement groove of the jaws. In the trailer coupling mechanism,
A locking portion that comes into contact with the king pin is provided at the tip of the plunger, and an air cylinder that moves the plunger in forward and backward directions is provided, and by supplying high pressure air to the air cylinder, the locking portion of the plunger is A trailer coupling mechanism characterized by being pressed against a kingpin. (2) The plunger is connected to the air cylinder via a rod.
Trailer coupling mechanism as described in section. (3) The trailer coupling mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein high-pressure air is constantly connected to a high-pressure air connection port provided on the trailer via a coupler.