JPH0247575B2 - NAINENKIKANNOTORUKURIMITSUTASOCHI - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a torque limiter device for an internal combustion engine.

A torque limiter is provided between the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine and the transmission that outputs output to the wheels in order to prevent an overload on the wheels from acting on the crankshaft, such as during engine braking. The torque limiter consists of a one-way clutch that transmits the rotation of the crankshaft, and a friction clutch with a predetermined spring pressure load that is interposed between this and the transmission shaft.
When a driving force higher than the set pressure of the clutch is applied from the transmission side, that is, from the wheel side, the clutch slips and prevents the transmission of such driving force to the crankshaft,
Prevents overspeeding of the crankshaft and protects the engine.

By the way, since a torque limiter as described above is interposed between the transmission and the crankshaft, when starting a motorcycle or the like by pushing, the friction clutch slips and the torque from the drive wheels to the engine is reduced. This causes the inconvenience that the starting force is not sufficiently transmitted, making it difficult to start the engine.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a torque limiter device for an internal combustion engine that directly connects the crankshaft and the driving wheel side during pushing.

Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional front view of the internal combustion engine, Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the main parts of Fig. 1, showing the torque limiter and surrounding areas, Fig. 3 is an explanatory enlarged side view of the torque limiter lock mechanism, Fig. 4 Figure 5 is an enlarged side view of a one-way clutch, and Figure 5 is a schematic side view of a motorcycle as an example of a vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine. is optional.

As is known, the motorcycle 1 (Fig. 5) supports a front fork 4 that supports a front wheel 5 via a head tube 3 at the front end of a frame 2, a fuel tank 6 at the upper front part of the frame, and a seat behind this. A rear wheel 8 is supported via a rear fork (not shown) extending from the rear lower part of the frame, and an engine 9 is mounted in the lower front part of the frame.

In this embodiment, the engine 9 is a four-cylinder engine with a horizontal V-shaft and two cylinders each on the front, rear, left and right sides. As shown in FIG. 1, the engine 9 includes a crankcase 10, a cylinder block 11 fixed and erected on top of the crankcase 10, and a cylinder head 12 fixed on top of the crankcase 10. 13 is horizontally supported, and a pin portion of the crankshaft 13 is connected via a connecting rod 14 to a piston 15 that is slidably fitted into each cylinder. An ACG 16 is provided at one end of the crankshaft 13, and an ignition pulser 18 is provided at the end surface of the other end 13a via a base 17.

A sleeve 19 is fitted around the journal part 13b in front of the end 13a of the crankshaft 13 on the side having the ignition pulser 18, and is rotatably supported by the bearing part 10a of the crankcase 10 at this part,
A substantially Y-shaped passage 20 in the radial direction is provided in the journal part 13b, and the passage 20 includes passage parts 20a and 20b that open to the inner diameter part of the sleeve 19. It communicates with a passage 21 provided in the axial direction of the crank pin portion 13c, and is supplied with lubricating oil to forcibly lubricate the sleeve surrounding the journal portion and the bearing portion.

A torque limiter 22 is provided on the outer periphery of the crankshaft end 13a. Torque limiter 22
The inner diameter member 23 is spline engaged with the outer periphery of the end portion 13a, and the outer diameter member 24 is attached to the outer periphery of the bearing 25,
25, and are rotatably fitted. Outer diameter member 24
As is clear from FIG. 4, a recess 26 having a tapered surface 26a in the circumferential direction is provided in the inner diameter part of the base 24a, and a roller 27a and a one-way biasing spring 2 are provided inside.
A one-way clutch 27 is provided having a clutch 7b.
Therefore, the rotation of the crankshaft 13 is transmitted to the outer diameter member 24 in only one direction via the one-way clutch, thereby transmitting power to the output shaft side of the transmission. The tip 24b of the outer diameter member 24 extends outward in a cylindrical shape, and a friction clutch 28 consisting of a plurality of friction plates is provided on the circumference thereof, and the friction plates 28a are the inner diameter members around the outer circumference of the end 13a The plate 29 is biased in the engagement direction by a pressing plate 29 provided movably in the axial direction on the outer circumference of the extending portion 23b of the plate 23, and the plate 29 is a disc spring whose inner diameter is restrained by a stopper 31 provided at the base of the base 17 at the shaft end. 30
is pressed in the engagement direction with a predetermined spring load.

Teeth 32 forming a gear are provided around the outer diameter member 24, and the teeth 32 mesh with a gear 36 provided on the outer 35 of the clutch 34 of the transmission shaft 33. Therefore, the output of the crankshaft is transmitted to the outer diameter member 24. , gear 3
6. The signal is transmitted to the shaft 33 via the outer 35 and the clutch 34 to select a gear shift, and is transmitted to the output shaft 37 for output, thereby driving the drive wheels. clutch 3
4 is a hydraulic piston 34a and a push rod 34b
traversed through. By the way, during engine braking during braking, the load on the drive wheel side is transmitted to the crankshaft through the opposite path to that described above, causing over-rotation, but in this case, the one-way clutch of the outer diameter member is disengaged, The power on the wheel side is transmitted to the crankshaft via the pressure plate 29 by the crank outer 29d, which transmits the rotational force from the friction clutch 28 and the holding arm 29c of the pressure plate 29. When a frictional force greater than the set pressure of the disc spring 30 is generated by the engine brake, the disc spring 30 slips and releases power transmission to the crankshaft to prevent over-rotation of the crankshaft and protect the engine.

In addition, a lubricating oil chamber 3 is provided in the inner diameter portion of the base portion 23a of the inner diameter member 23 and is open to the outer periphery of the crankshaft end portion 13b.
8, the chamber 38 is connected in communication with the end of the sleeve 19 by an axial passage 39, lubricating oil is introduced into the chamber, and the chamber 38 lubricates the one-way clutch 27 by a radial passage 40, and the chamber 38 is connected in communication with the end of the sleeve 19 by an axial passage 39. Axial passage 4
Refuel this in step 1.

In the above, the friction clutch pressing plate 29 of the torque limiter 22 is provided movably in the axial direction around the extending end portion 23b of the inner diameter member 23 as described above, and the sleeve-shaped base 29 of the plate 29
A clutch holding arm part 29c extending inward in the axial direction is provided with a predetermined length in the axial direction at the peripheral part of the disc part 29b extending radially from the a end. A cylinder part 42 is provided in a part of the arm part 29c in a direction perpendicular to the crankshaft that opens in the inner diameter direction,
The engaging element 43 is slidably fitted into the engaging element 4.
A coil spring 44 is compressed between the back surface of the cylinder part 3 and the bottom of the cylinder part 42. On the other hand, the extending end 24b of the outer diameter member 24, which holds the clutch 28, extends to the inner diameter of the arm part 29c so as to be spaced from this in the radial direction. An engaging groove 45 is provided in the axial direction, and the tip of the engaging element 43 is engaged with the engaging groove 45. When the engaging element 43 slides in the axial direction along the groove 45 together with the plate 29, it is restricted in the circumferential direction. The above spring load of the engaging element 43 is caused to sink into the cylinder part 42 due to the centrifugal force of the idling rotation of the crankshaft, so that the engaging element 43 can be disengaged from the groove 45. In this way, the engaging element 43, the coil spring 44, and the groove 45 constitute a locking mechanism 43A. In addition, lubricating oil to the clutch 28 is supplied from the tip in the axial direction to the cylinder part, the engager, and the groove to lubricate these parts. In the figure, 46 is a lubricating oil leak hole that connects the cylinder part 42 and the outside of the plate. .

Next, to describe its function and effect, when the engine is running, the rotation of the crankshaft 13 is higher than the idle rotation speed, so the engager 43 slides radially outward against the spring 44 due to centrifugal force, and the cylinder part 42 and comes off from the groove 45, so the plate 29 and the outer diameter member 24 are cut off at this part, and the inner and outer diameter members 23 and 24 are connected from the engine side by a one-way clutch and from the transmission side by a one-way clutch. It is possible to transmit power using a friction clutch, and the torque limiter can be operated as described above.

By the way, when the engine is stopped, the engaging element 43
is pressed radially inward by the spring 44, and its tip engages with the groove 45, that is, the plate 29 and the outer diameter member 24 are engaged, whereby the inner and outer diameter members 23 and 24 are directly connected. It will be done. In the case of pushing, the driving force of the wheel is transmitted to the outer diameter member 24 via the output shaft 37, the transmission gear, the transmission shaft 33, and the gears 36, 32, and this 24 is connected to the inner diameter member 23, the engager 43, and the groove. 45, the power is transmitted directly to the crankshaft 13 without going through the clutch 28, and it can be driven and started. In this way, there is no slip-up loss caused by the friction clutch 28 during push-start.
The engine can be started by directly connecting the wheels and the engine, and when the engine reaches the idle speed after starting, the engager 43 separates from the groove 45 as described above, canceling the direct connection state and returning to the original torque limiter. function will be restored.

As described above, the torque limiter device of the present invention includes a friction clutch that transmits torque below a certain level, and a one-way clutch that is installed in parallel with the friction clutch and transmits only power from the engine to the drive wheels. Since the friction clutch is equipped with a locking mechanism that directly connects the engine side and the drive wheel side when the engine speed is below a predetermined speed, including when the engine is stopped, it maintains its original function as a torque limiter while also being It is possible to prevent slip-up loss in the engine, to reliably transmit input from the drive wheels to the engine, and to start the engine easily and reliably.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of an internal combustion engine, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the same essential parts, FIG. 3 is an explanatory side view of the lock mechanism, and FIG. 4 5 is an explanatory side view of the one-way clutch, and FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the motorcycle. In the drawing, 9 is an engine, 13 is a crankshaft, 22 is a torque limiter, 27 is a one-way clutch, 28 is an overload prevention mechanism, and 43A is a lock mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A torque limiter device interposed in a power transmission path between an engine and a drive wheel, the torque limiter device including a friction clutch that transmits a torque below a certain level, and a friction clutch provided in parallel with the friction clutch. , a one-way clutch that transmits only power from the engine to the driving wheels, and a locking mechanism that directly connects the engine side and the driving wheel side of the friction clutch when the engine speed is below a predetermined speed, including when the engine is stopped. A torque limiter device for an internal combustion engine, characterized by comprising: