JPH0249351A - Nonwoven fabric for storage battery - Google Patents

Nonwoven fabric for storage battery

Info

Publication number
JPH0249351A
JPH0249351A JP63199640A JP19964088A JPH0249351A JP H0249351 A JPH0249351 A JP H0249351A JP 63199640 A JP63199640 A JP 63199640A JP 19964088 A JP19964088 A JP 19964088A JP H0249351 A JPH0249351 A JP H0249351A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
polyethylene
nonwoven fabric
denier
core
storage battery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP63199640A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2738710B2 (en
Inventor
Toshio Sato
俊雄 佐藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unitika Ltd
Original Assignee
Unitika Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unitika Ltd filed Critical Unitika Ltd
Priority to JP63199640A priority Critical patent/JP2738710B2/en
Publication of JPH0249351A publication Critical patent/JPH0249351A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2738710B2 publication Critical patent/JP2738710B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/44Fibrous material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0002Aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0005Acid electrolytes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase acid resistance and to prevent deterioration even if heat is applied by covering the surfaces of continuous filaments constituting a nonwoven fabric with specific polyethylene. CONSTITUTION:A continuous filament is formed in binary core-sheath structure by entirely covering the surface of polyethylene telephthalate with polyethylene. The total denier of the core polyester alone is 2-20 denier and denier of core part is 1-15 denier. Weight ratio of core to sheath is 1/5-3/1. As polyethylene, straight-chain low density polyethylene obtained by copolymerizing alpha-olefine having 4-8 carbon atoms with ethylene is used.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は、蓄電池用不織布に関するもので、さらに詳し
くは、耐酸性と耐熱性とを兼ね備えた蓄電池用不織布に
関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a nonwoven fabric for storage batteries, and more particularly to a nonwoven fabric for storage batteries that has both acid resistance and heat resistance.

(従来の技術) 従来から、ポリエステル、ナイロン、ポリオレフィン等
の不織布が蓄電池用不織布として使用されており、中で
も要求される性能及びコスト面からポリエステルからな
る不織布が広く使用されている。ところが、蓄電池用不
織布に使用される場合。
(Prior Art) Nonwoven fabrics made of polyester, nylon, polyolefin, and the like have been used as nonwoven fabrics for storage batteries, and among them, nonwoven fabrics made of polyester are widely used because of the required performance and cost. However, when used in nonwoven fabrics for storage batteries.

繊維と繊維とを固着させることが必要で、固着させる方
法としては、エマルジョン系バインダーで固着させる方
法、ホットメルトタイプバインダーを混繊して固着させ
る方法、エンボツシングローラー等の圧接により固着さ
せる方法、あるいはニードリングにて絡ませて固着させ
る方法等が採用されている。
It is necessary to fix the fibers together, and the methods of fixing include methods of fixing with an emulsion binder, methods of fixing by mixing fibers with a hot melt type binder, and methods of fixing by pressure welding with an embossing roller etc. Alternatively, a method of entangling and fixing by needling is adopted.

しかしながら、上述した方法により得られた不織布は、
いずれの方法から製造されたものであっても、用途が蓄
電池用として使用される場合、特に自動車用バッテリー
については、希硫酸溶液に長時間浸漬状態で使用され、
さらに熱がかかるので。
However, the nonwoven fabric obtained by the above method is
No matter which method is used, if the product is used as a storage battery, especially for automobile batteries, it will be immersed in dilute sulfuric acid solution for a long time.
Because it takes more heat.

耐酸性及び耐熱性が要求されるものである。そのため、
不織布に耐薬品性と耐熱性とを付与せしめる目的で、不
織布表面に樹脂被膜加工が施されているのが現状である
Acid resistance and heat resistance are required. Therefore,
Currently, the surface of nonwoven fabrics is treated with a resin coating for the purpose of imparting chemical resistance and heat resistance to nonwoven fabrics.

(発明が解決しようとする課題) ところが、ポリエステルからなる不織布に上記樹脂被膜
加工を施したものでは1繊維表面に均一に樹脂を付与す
ることが難しく、耐酸性の向上が認められず、不織布の
繊維表面からの溶解(減量化)が起こり、これに熱の作
用が加わると、溶解作用がさらに加速されることとなり
、不織布が劣化する問題があった。また、溶解した不織
布の一部がハンテリーの底に堆積し3極板と極板との間
で短絡が発生することもあり、バッテリーの寿命が短く
なる欠点があった。
(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, when a nonwoven fabric made of polyester is treated with the above-mentioned resin coating, it is difficult to apply the resin uniformly to the surface of each fiber, and no improvement in acid resistance is observed. Dissolution (weight reduction) occurs from the surface of the fibers, and when the action of heat is added to this, the dissolution action is further accelerated, resulting in the problem of deterioration of the nonwoven fabric. In addition, a portion of the melted nonwoven fabric may accumulate on the bottom of the hunter, causing a short circuit between the three electrode plates, resulting in a shortened battery life.

本発明は、このような従来のポリエステルフィラメント
不織布からなる蓄電池用不織布の欠点を解消し、耐酸性
を向上させ、かつ熱の作用が加わっても劣化を起こさず
、不織布表面を乱すことのない蓄電池用不織布を提供し
ようとするものである。
The present invention solves the drawbacks of conventional nonwoven fabrics for storage batteries made of polyester filament nonwoven fabrics, improves acid resistance, and provides a storage battery that does not deteriorate even when exposed to heat and does not disturb the surface of the nonwoven fabric. The aim is to provide nonwoven fabrics for use in

(課題を解決するだめの手段) すなわち3本発明は1部分的に熱圧接されている連続フ
ィラメントからなる不織シートであり、該連続フィラメ
ントはポリエチレンがポリエチレンテレフタレートの表
面を全面的に覆っている2成分芯鞘構造を持ち、その繊
度が2〜20デニールで。
(Another Means to Solve the Problems) That is, the present invention is a nonwoven sheet consisting of continuous filaments that are partially bonded under heat and pressure, and the continuous filaments are made of polyethylene that completely covers the surface of polyethylene terephthalate. It has a two-component core-sheath structure and has a fineness of 2 to 20 deniers.

該芯成分のポリエチレンテレフタレートの繊度が1〜1
5デニールであり、該ポリエチレンテレフタレートと該
ポリエチレンとの重量比が175〜3/1の範囲である
ことを特徴とする蓄電池用不織布を要旨とするものであ
る。
The fineness of the core component polyethylene terephthalate is 1 to 1.
5 denier, and the weight ratio of the polyethylene terephthalate to the polyethylene is in the range of 175 to 3/1.

以下1本発明について詳述する。The present invention will be described in detail below.

本発明で用いられるポリエチレンは1通常、工業的に利
用されているポリエチレンであり、密度0゜910〜0
.925の低密度ポリエチレン、同しく密度0.926
〜0.940の中密度ポリエチレン、同じく密度0.9
41〜0.965の高密度ポリエチレンのいずれもが対
象となる。また、その中でも、炭素数が4〜8のα−オ
レフインとエチレンを共重合させることによって得られ
る直鎖状低密度ポリエチレンとして市販されているもの
は、その可紡性、耐酸性等の点から特に好ましい。
The polyethylene used in the present invention is usually industrially used polyethylene, and has a density of 0°910 to 0.
.. 925 low density polyethylene, also density 0.926
~0.940 medium density polyethylene, also density 0.9
Any high-density polyethylene having a molecular weight of 41 to 0.965 is targeted. Among them, commercially available linear low-density polyethylene obtained by copolymerizing α-olefin with 4 to 8 carbon atoms and ethylene is considered to be suitable for its spinnability, acid resistance, etc. Particularly preferred.

また1本発明で用いられるポリエチレンテレフタレート
は1市販または工業的に利用されている通常のポリエチ
レンテレフタレートのうち、特に繊維用として市販され
ているものであればよく具体的には固有粘度が0.50
〜1.20の範囲のものが好ましい。
Furthermore, the polyethylene terephthalate used in the present invention may be any commercially available commercially available or industrially used polyethylene terephthalate, especially those having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.50.
-1.20 is preferable.

本発明における繊維の2成分芯鞘構造は、芯であるポリ
エチレンテレフタレートの表面を鞘であるポリエチレン
が全面にわたって覆っているような構造であればよく、
断面形状でいえば、−船釣な中心を共有する同心円状の
ものの他、芯成分が偏心しているものや、芯鞘とも円形
以外の異形断面のものでもよい。
The two-component core-sheath structure of the fiber in the present invention may be such that the surface of the polyethylene terephthalate core is entirely covered with the polyethylene sheath,
In terms of cross-sectional shape, in addition to concentric circular shapes that share a common center, core components may be eccentric, and both the core and sheath may have irregular cross-sections other than circular.

芯成分と鞘成分との重量比を175〜3/1と限定した
のは、この比が371以上の場合は、ポリエチレンの量
が不足して芯部を全面的に覆わない場合があり1そのた
め十分な耐薬品性の効果が得られないことになる。また
、175以下の場合には、不織布自体の強力を担ってい
る芯成分の量が不足するため。
The reason why the weight ratio of the core component and the sheath component was limited to 175 to 3/1 is because if this ratio is 371 or more, the amount of polyethylene may be insufficient and the core may not be completely covered1. This means that sufficient chemical resistance effects cannot be obtained. In addition, if it is 175 or less, the amount of the core component responsible for the strength of the nonwoven fabric itself is insufficient.

シートとしての強力が弱くなったり、不織布の腰がなく
なるという理由による。
This is because the strength of the sheet becomes weaker and the stiffness of the nonwoven fabric is lost.

また、芯成分のポリエステル自体のデニールは。Also, what is the denier of the core polyester itself?

直接本発明の蓄電池用不織布の物性を支配するものであ
り、薬品処理、熱処理あるいは表面加工等の諸工程に耐
えるために、少なくとも1デニ一ル以上でなければなら
ない。また、15デニ一ル以上になると、必然的に複合
糸としての全デニールも大きくなり、不織布を構成する
フィラメントの数が減少して目の粗い不織布になり、バ
ッテリーの電極表面を覆っている不織布に空隙が生じ、
バッテリー液で発生する気泡を含んで電気抵抗が大きく
なり、起電力低下の原因となる。本発明の効果を発揮す
るためには、前記した理由から、全デニールで2〜20
デニール、芯成分としては1〜15デニルであることが
必要である。
It directly controls the physical properties of the nonwoven fabric for storage batteries of the present invention, and must have a denier of at least 1 denier in order to withstand various processes such as chemical treatment, heat treatment, and surface treatment. In addition, when the denier exceeds 15, the total denier of the composite yarn inevitably increases, and the number of filaments that make up the nonwoven fabric decreases, resulting in a coarse nonwoven fabric, which is used to cover the surface of the battery electrode. A void is created in the
Electrical resistance increases due to air bubbles generated in battery fluid, causing a decrease in electromotive force. In order to exhibit the effects of the present invention, for the reasons mentioned above, it is necessary to have a total denier of 2 to 20
Denier, the core component needs to be 1 to 15 denier.

このような2成分芯鞘構造を持つ連続フィラメントは、
従来公知の複合紡糸装置を用いて製造することができる
。また、この連続フィラメントをウェブにするには、従
来公知の一般的な方法8例えば、空気圧を利用して繊維
を延伸しつつ、−船釣に使用されている開繊装置を利用
して開繊した後。
A continuous filament with such a two-component core-sheath structure is
It can be manufactured using a conventionally known composite spinning device. In addition, this continuous filament can be made into a web using a conventionally known general method 8. For example, while drawing the fibers using air pressure, - opening the fibers using a fiber opening device used for boat fishing. After.

稼働する多孔質帯状体上に堆積しつつ移送するというよ
うな方法が利用できる。
Methods such as transport while depositing on a moving porous strip can be used.

(作 用) 本発明によれば1不織布を構成する連続フィラメントの
表面が鞘成分であるポリエチレンにて覆われているため
、芯部のポリエステルが直接薬品に接触することがなく
、ポリエチレンの優れた耐酸性により、蓄電池用不織布
の性能が向上するものである。さらに、芯成分には、ポ
リエステルが含まれているので、ポリエチレン100%
からなる不織布とは異なり3風合が柔らかすぎず、適度
の硬さと腰を有したものとなるため、加工時の操業性が
向上することとなる。
(Function) According to the present invention, since the surface of the continuous filaments constituting the nonwoven fabric 1 is covered with polyethylene, which is a sheath component, the polyester core does not come into direct contact with chemicals, and the superior properties of polyethylene The acid resistance improves the performance of the nonwoven fabric for storage batteries. Furthermore, the core component contains polyester, so it is made of 100% polyethylene.
Unlike nonwoven fabrics made of 3-texture, the texture is not too soft and has appropriate hardness and stiffness, which improves operability during processing.

また、高温雰囲気下に暴露しても、不織布の熱による収
縮率が小さいので8寸法安定性の面でも優れている。
Furthermore, even when exposed to a high temperature atmosphere, the shrinkage rate due to heat of the nonwoven fabric is small, so it is excellent in terms of 8-dimensional stability.

(実施例) 以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples.

なお、実施例で行った蓄電池用不織布の性能評価につい
ては、まとめて下記に示す。
The performance evaluations of nonwoven fabrics for storage batteries conducted in Examples are summarized below.

(1)耐酸性 10cm X 10cmの試験片を40%硫酸水溶液の
入った容器に浸漬し、密封後、80℃×4週間の処理条
件で処理し、その減量率を求めた。
(1) Acid resistance A 10 cm x 10 cm test piece was immersed in a container containing a 40% sulfuric acid aqueous solution, sealed, and treated at 80° C. for 4 weeks to determine its weight loss rate.

(2)耐熱性 JIS L−1042に準じてサンプリングし、熱風循
環式乾燥機にて150℃×15分間の処理条件で無緊張
熱処理し、収縮率を求めた。
(2) Heat Resistance Samples were sampled according to JIS L-1042, and subjected to tensionless heat treatment in a hot air circulation dryer at 150° C. for 15 minutes to determine the shrinkage rate.

(3)電気抵抗 JIS C−2313に準じて測定した。(3) Electrical resistance Measured according to JIS C-2313.

(4)融点および固有粘度 ポリエチレンの融点は、パーキンエルマー社製DSC−
2C型の示差走査熱量計を用い昇温速度20℃/分で測
定した値であり、ポリエステルの固有粘度は、フェノー
ルと四塩化エタンの等重量混合溶媒を用い、ポリマー濃
度0.5 g / Loom l 、温度20℃で測定
した値である。
(4) Melting point and intrinsic viscosity The melting point of polyethylene is DSC-
This is a value measured using a 2C type differential scanning calorimeter at a heating rate of 20°C/min. l, the value measured at a temperature of 20°C.

実施例および比較例 固有粘度が0.72のポリエステルを芯成分とし密度が
0.937 g / ci、^STM l) 4238
 (E)法によるメルトインデックス値が25g/10
分、融点が128°Cである直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン
を鞘成分とする複合糸を作り、その単糸繊度が3及び1
5デニール、芯成分に対する鞘成分重量比が第1′表に
示す比率にてフィラメントを紡出し、空気圧により繊維
を延伸しつつ、静電気による開繊装置を利用して開繊し
た後、稼動する多孔質帯状体上に堆積し、不織布とした
Examples and Comparative Examples Core component is polyester with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.72, density is 0.937 g/ci, ^STM l) 4238
Melt index value by method (E) is 25g/10
A composite yarn with a sheath component of linear low-density polyethylene with a melting point of 128°C was made, and the single yarn fineness was 3 and 1.
5 denier, a filament with a weight ratio of the sheath component to the core component shown in Table 1' is spun, the fiber is stretched by air pressure, and the fiber is opened using an electrostatic opening device. The material was deposited on a strip of material and made into a non-woven fabric.

この不織布の耐酸性、耐熱性を測定し、得られた結果を
第1表に示す。
The acid resistance and heat resistance of this nonwoven fabric were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.

第1表から明らかなように9本発明の不織布は耐酸性、
耐熱性が優れているので、好適に蓄電池用不織布に用い
られるものである。
As is clear from Table 1, the nonwoven fabric of the present invention has acid resistance,
Since it has excellent heat resistance, it is suitable for use in nonwoven fabrics for storage batteries.

(以下、余白) 第    1    表 (発明の効果) 本発明の蓄電池用不織布は、繊維表面の全面にわたりポ
リエチレンで覆われているので、硫酸等の耐酸性に優れ
ており、従来のポリエステル不織布に比較して繊維の損
傷が極めて少ないものであり、また、芯部のポリエステ
ル成分が耐熱性に優れていることから1寸法安定性の面
でも優れており 蓄電池用不織布として広く利用できるものである。
(Hereinafter, blank spaces) Table 1 (Effects of the Invention) The nonwoven fabric for storage batteries of the present invention has the entire fiber surface covered with polyethylene, so it has excellent resistance to acids such as sulfuric acid, and is superior to conventional polyester nonwoven fabrics. Since the polyester component in the core has excellent heat resistance, it also has excellent one-dimensional stability and can be widely used as a nonwoven fabric for storage batteries.

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1) 部分的に熱圧接されている連続フイラメントか
らなる不織シートであり,該連続フイラメントはポリエ
チレンがポリエチレンテレフタレートの表面を全面的に
覆っている2成分芯鞘構造からなり,その繊度が2〜2
0デニールで,該芯成分のポリエチレンテレフタレート
の繊度が1〜15デニールであり,該ポリエチレンテレ
フタレートと該ポリエチレンとの重量比が1/5〜3/
1の範囲であることを特徴とする蓄電池用不織布。
(1) A non-woven sheet consisting of continuous filaments that are partially bonded under heat and pressure.The continuous filaments have a two-component core-sheath structure in which polyethylene covers the entire surface of polyethylene terephthalate, and the fineness of the continuous filaments is 2. ~2
0 denier, the fineness of the core component polyethylene terephthalate is 1 to 15 denier, and the weight ratio of the polyethylene terephthalate to the polyethylene is 1/5 to 3/
A nonwoven fabric for a storage battery, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric falls within the range of 1.
(2) ポリエチレンがα−オレフインとエチレンの共
重合体からなる直鎖状低密度ポリエチレンである請求項
1記載の蓄電池用不織布。
(2) The nonwoven fabric for a storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the polyethylene is a linear low-density polyethylene made of a copolymer of α-olefin and ethylene.
JP63199640A 1988-08-09 1988-08-09 Non-woven fabric for storage batteries Expired - Lifetime JP2738710B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63199640A JP2738710B2 (en) 1988-08-09 1988-08-09 Non-woven fabric for storage batteries

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63199640A JP2738710B2 (en) 1988-08-09 1988-08-09 Non-woven fabric for storage batteries

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0249351A true JPH0249351A (en) 1990-02-19
JP2738710B2 JP2738710B2 (en) 1998-04-08

Family

ID=16411213

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63199640A Expired - Lifetime JP2738710B2 (en) 1988-08-09 1988-08-09 Non-woven fabric for storage batteries

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2738710B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020147878A (en) * 2019-03-15 2020-09-17 ダイワボウホールディングス株式会社 Core-sheath type composite fiber, its manufacturing method, and the fiber assembly containing it

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020147878A (en) * 2019-03-15 2020-09-17 ダイワボウホールディングス株式会社 Core-sheath type composite fiber, its manufacturing method, and the fiber assembly containing it

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