JPH0249518A - Chip spawn for mushroom an production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the title chip spawn satisfying both sufficient porosity and mechanical strength, giving high rate of growth of mushroom fungi and causing no contamination with miscellaneous bacteria by forming a porous ceramic into fine pieces, which are then dipped into a nutritive solution to effect absorption of the nutritive component thereinto followed by inoculating mushroom fungi on the resultant nutritive pieces. CONSTITUTION:A porous ceramic pref. 0.45-0.6ton/m<3> in bulk density (pref. a material prepared by sintering diatomaceous earth at >=1000 deg.C) is formed into fine pieces (followed by sterilization, if needed), which are then dipped into a nutritive solution (e.g., of glucose, maltose, another kind of oligosaccharide) to effect absorption of the nutritive component thereinto followed by inoculating mushroom fungi on the resultant nutritive pieces, thus obtaining the objective chip spawn with mushroom fungi grown in high density.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a seed piece for inoculating cultivation material during mushroom cultivation, and more specifically, a mushroom seed piece using a porous ceramic molded body as a base material. Regarding.

[Conventional technology]

Mushroom seed pieces need to be hard enough to exceed a certain level and have an appropriate shape because they are driven into cultivation materials such as sawdust, and they also need to be provided with sufficient nutrients and air, creating an environment in which mushroom fungi can grow quickly. It requires that. Traditionally, wood chips, which are also used as cultivation materials, were used, and those with sufficient mycelium were used as seed pieces and inserted into the cultivation materials.

However, wood chips require time and effort to form, and it is difficult to obtain large quantities of the same material, making them unsatisfactory from the standpoint of mass production. To solve this problem, seed pieces made by kneading a binding material such as calcined gypsum and plant tissues and components such as sawdust and lignin have been proposed, but they have insufficient air permeability and are nutritionally poor. However, there were also problems and the material was not satisfactory as a mushroom seed. That is, in order to obtain sufficient driving hardness, a large amount of gypsum must be used, and the use of a large amount of gypsum makes the material denser and makes the supply of air necessary for mushroom fungus growth insufficient.

In Japanese Patent Application No. 59-33867, the present inventor proposed a seed seed using a culture medium whose main components are sawdust, calcined plaster, and fibrous pieces of thermoplastic plastic. This method also allows for continuous molding, and is a preferable method from both nutritional and strength standpoints.

[Technical problem to be solved by the invention]

However, in consideration of driving work, a harder material is preferable, and the strength of the wood piece itself is insufficient. Furthermore, considering the rapid proliferation of mushroom fungi within a short culture period, a larger porosity is required, and the driving strength and porosity have a contradictory relationship. Furthermore, considering the rapid growth of mushroom fungi, it was necessary to supply sufficient nutrients to the seed material itself. In addition, the fibers of seed pieces mixed with fibrous pieces of plastic were difficult to mix uniformly, and labor was required for molding.

Furthermore, the cellulose in conventionally used wood and wood chips such as sawdust maintains its hardness as seed material, and also decomposes little by little and becomes a nutrient source for mushroom fungi. Therefore, once the hyphae have sufficiently spread and the optimal time for use as a seed piece has passed, the cellulose will gradually decompose and the hardness will decrease, resulting in a short period of use as a seed piece and a problem in storage stability.

Therefore, it satisfies sufficient porosity and strength at the same time, allows mushroom fungi to grow quickly, is difficult to be contaminated by various bacteria, and is easy to mold.
There was a need for a mushroom seed material with a long shelf life.

[Means of problem solving]

The present invention aims to solve the above problems, and its structure uses a porous ceramic molded body impregnated with a nutrient solution and sterilized as a seed material, and this is impregnated with a nutrient solution containing sugars. be.

The seed piece material of the present invention is open-cell porous ceramics. It is preferable to use natural or synthetic silica-based materials, alumina-based materials, magnesia-based materials, etc., which are obtained by firing and have a pH around 7 and can be applied to known mass molding techniques such as injection molding, and are harmful to the growth of mushroom fungi. It does not need to contain any substances.

The ceramic used in the present invention is required to be porous, and has a bulk density of 0.35 to 0.7 ton/rd, preferably 0.4 to 0.65 ton/rd, more preferably 0.45 to 0. .6 ton/rd. In particular, a material made of diatomaceous earth sintered at a high temperature of 1000° C. or higher is porous and easy to mass-produce by injection molding, making it a preferred material.

Ceramics are completely sterilized because they are subjected to high-temperature treatment during the manufacturing process, making them suitable for growing mushrooms where contamination with bacteria is averse.

The shape of the molded article for seed pieces, which is usually called Ikoma and is usually called Ikoma, before being inoculated with mushroom fungi, is preferably a truncated conical shape because it is easier to drive the tip into a shape where the tip is thinner than the base.

As a nutrient solution, wood fibers were gradually decomposed and became a nutrient source, but a more effective method would be to rapidly decompose monosaccharides such as glucose, disaccharides such as maltose and fructose, and other oligosaccharides. It can serve as a nutritional source and shorten the growth period. In addition to these sugars, a small amount of protein is added.

Furthermore, it is preferable to add a small amount of lignin to supplement trace components necessary for mushroom growth.

In order to incorporate these nutrient solutions into the ceramic base material,
A pre-shaped ceramic molded body may be immersed in a solution containing the above-mentioned nutrients for 2 to 5 hours. If you want to incorporate more nutrients, you can repeat the soaking operation. Since ceramics are porous, one immersion is usually sufficient to impregnate nutrients. When impregnating, a larger amount can be impregnated by applying some pressure.

Furthermore, since the trailing end of the seed piece is exposed even after it is driven, it is likely to be contaminated by germs. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a layer of heat-resistant and water-resistant plastics at the rear end of the implant. Heat-resistant and water-resistant plastic materials include polypropylene, polyester, polycarbonate,
Examples include epoxy resin and melamine resin, which can withstand steam sterilization and heat sterilization that are performed prior to inoculating mushroom fungi.
Any water-resistant plastic can be used.

The thickness of the plastic layer is sufficient as long as it does not peel off due to the impact of implantation, and varies depending on the type of plastic, but is in the range of 0.01 to 1fiI11. The best time to apply such a plastic layer is before mushroom fungi are inoculated and grown.
It is applied to Ikoma by painting, spraying, or other known methods. Plastics may be used as an emulsion type, a solution type, or in a molten state. Furthermore, when using thermosetting plastics such as melamine resin, it is necessary to apply sufficient heat to harden them.

[Effect]

The mushroom ikoma of the present invention, which is made of high-temperature sintered porous ceramics and impregnated with a nutrient solution, can be industrially mass-produced as a uniform material, and completely sterile molded products can be produced. can. Moreover, since the material itself cannot serve as a nutritional source for mushroom fungi, there is no risk of the base material decomposing and decreasing its hardness even if the seeds are stored for a long time in a usable state with sufficient hyphae.

This material is impregnated with a nutrient solution that is nutritionally formulated according to the type of mushroom, so the nutrient solution penetrates into the interior of many pores and can be impregnated with nutrients sufficient for the growth of mushroom fungi. Additionally, since it is porous, it has excellent ventilation, allowing mushrooms to grow quickly.

〔Example〕

As a nutrient solution, glucose 4.0 g
Carboxymethyl cellulose 10g lignin 3g peptone
6g was dissolved in water to obtain 11.

Separately, as Ikoma, the length is 17 mm as shown in Figure 1,
Fifty pieces of truncated conical Ikoma with a diameter of 10 mm at the driving rear end and a diameter of 5 mm at the driving tip were manufactured. 1 is the main body of the seed piece, 2 is a plastic layer provided at the rear of the seed piece, and 3 is the tip. A polypropylene solution was applied to the rear end of the Ikoma and dried. This coating operation was repeated twice. In this example, Ikoma is Isolite CG with a bulk density of 0.55 ton/rd and a permeability coefficient of 1.2×10-'cm/sec.
(trade name, manufactured by Isolite Kogyo ■, a sintered body whose main component is diatom shell) was used.

Ikoma was immersed in 10 g of this Isolite CG at a ratio of Log of the above nutrient solution, and left under slight pressure for 3 hours. After taking it out and draining it to the extent that no water drips,
Shiitake fungus was inoculated using a conventional method. When cultured at 25°C, the bacteria grew sufficiently in 40 days and became usable. Also,
There was no case where the polypropylene layer was torn due to the impact of driving.

In addition, Shiitake mushrooms were inoculated with Shiitake fungi using natural lumber and grown in the same environment, but in this case it took 70 days before they could be used as seeds.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, a large amount of mushroom seed pieces can be supplied which simultaneously satisfy sufficient porosity and strength, allow rapid growth of mushroom fungi, are resistant to contamination by various germs, are easy to mold, and have a high shelf life.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawing is a perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, numeral 1 is the main body of the seed piece, 2 is the plastic layer, and 3 is the tip. Patent applicant Convex Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Sadako Suzuki

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Mushroom seed pieces in which mushroom fungi grow at a high density in a porous ceramic molded body impregnated with a nutrient solution and sterilized. (2) The mushroom seed piece according to claim 1, wherein a heat-resistant and water-resistant plastic layer is provided at the rear end of the seed piece. (3) A method for producing mushroom seeds, in which porous ceramics are formed into small pieces, optionally sterilized, immersed in a nutrient solution, absorbed components of the nutrient solution, and then inoculated with mushroom fungi.