JPH0256048B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) This invention is effective for cultivating crops on almost the entire surface of the site, for example, in the field of hydroponic cultivation of daikon radish, Japanese radish, parsley, etc., and other greenhouse horticulture cultivation. In addition, it is possible to secure sufficient passageways for workers to pass through and for loading and moving work vehicles necessary for harvesting and caring for crops, making agricultural work easier, cultivating efficiency, and harvesting easier. The present invention relates to a high-density cultivation device that is used for the purpose of increasing the amount as much as possible.

Conventional technology In recent years, efficiency and mechanization of agricultural management have been remarkable. Greenhouse cultivation agriculture is the best example of this.
In short, the aim is to make the most effective use of the small amount of cultivated land to maximize yields and profits.

As shown in Figure 9, the conventional high-density cultivation method for this purpose involves creating a large number of long and narrow cultivation beds B within a greenhouse building A with a width that allows workers to reach from both sides. In addition to erecting them in parallel, work passages C... are provided in parallel with the minimum necessary width between the adjacent cultivation beds b and b, and trolleys, etc. are brought into each passage C to care for and harvest the crops. It is configured to do so.

Next, the cultivation device described in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 51-84948 has a structure in which a long and narrow cultivation bed is movably installed on a rail laid in the width direction of the cultivation bed.

Next, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-158333 describes a mobile workbench that has rails installed at both ends of a seedling growing house and that moves back and forth on the rails to perform multi-purpose work. In this case, the seedlings are planted on the ground, and a worker climbs onto a workbench to care for the seedlings by moving back and forth over the seedlings, taking care not to step on the seedlings on the wide ground.

Furthermore, the cultivation device described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-8672 has a structure in which a work vehicle is mounted on rails on the sides of two immovable cultivation beds placed on the ground. ing.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Since the conventional cultivation bed b shown in FIG. is essential. When the work passage C is not used for work, it is nothing but a dead space in the cultivated area. Nevertheless, the area ratio of the working passageway C to the effective site area within the house building a is so large that it reaches approximately 30%, which is a major hindrance to the efficient use of the site area. As land prices continue to soar, securing access to work routes is becoming a factor that can lead to a plateau in harvest yields and profits, or an increase in the cost of produce. Furthermore, when a cart or the like is brought into the work passageway C for work, the cart has to run on ground that has been trodden by foot, and is therefore very heavy, which is becoming a cause of heavy labor. Moreover, the direction of the cart running on the ground as described above tends to be unstable, and it often hits various parts of the cultivation bed b, damaging it or causing problems such as overturning. Furthermore, since the height of the trolley brought into the working path C is generally much lower than that of the cultivation bed B, the worker must bend down every time he or she performs harvesting or other tasks. Therefore, the work is arduous and not only inefficient, but also causes back pain and other problems. However, if harvesting baskets are used instead of trolleys, the labor becomes even harder, and the sorting and packaging of the produce must be done in a separate location, which is even more time-consuming.

The cultivation device described in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 51-84948 has a configuration in which the long and narrow cultivation beds can be moved on rails, but in reality, each cultivation bed is connected to each other using a nutrient solution supply pipe. Therefore, it is not the kind that allows high-density cultivation by eliminating work passages.

The workbench described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-158333 is for workers to sit on and care for the seedlings without stepping on them, which have been planted on a large area of ground.
It is not a cultivation device.

The cultivation device described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-8672 has a structure in which a work vehicle is mounted on rails on the sides of two immovable cultivation beds placed on the ground. Because it is necessary to ensure a passage between two adjacent cultivation beds, high-density cultivation is not possible.

Means for solving the problems in which the above-mentioned points are problems to be solved by the present invention As means for solving the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, the high-density cultivation device according to the present invention provides the first
As shown in the examples in Figures to Figure 8, (a) The elongated cultivation bed B for planting crops was movably installed on a rail 10 laid in the width direction thereof.

(b) Cultivation bed B has rails 10 in its short direction.
Provide as many gaps as possible between the two arbitrarily selected cultivation beds B and B over the entire length of the cultivation bed to ensure at least a gap c equivalent to the width of the work transport vehicle described later in the form of a passageway. were placed side by side.

(c) The longitudinal cross members ₇₁ on both sides of the cultivation bed B were configured as rails.

(d) A working space is placed on the longitudinal cross members 7 ₁ , 7 ₁ of the two cultivation bed sides facing each other with the above-mentioned interval provided between the adjacent cultivation beds B, B. Each vehicle is characterized in that the wheels 12 of the transport vehicle 11 are mounted on the vehicle so that it can run freely.

The high-density cultivation device of the present invention also has a cultivation bed B.
and the framework of the work transport vehicle 11,
Each was assembled from synthetic resin or synthetic resin coated metal pipes and synthetic resin joints, and the longitudinal cross members ₇₁ on the sides of the cultivation bed were ribs 1 into which the V-grooved wheels 12 of the work vehicle 11 fit.
The longitudinal cross members ₇₁ on the sides of the cultivation bed have a circular cross section so that the semicircular grooved wheels 12 of the work vehicle 11 fit therein. A half chuck 19 with a C-shaped cross section that holds a vinyl sheet is fitted into the _pipe of the cultivation bed. The cultivation bed B is provided with a pedestal 11' hanging downward from the longitudinal cross member ₇₁ , and the pedestal 11' is composed of multi-tiered shelves 14 for harvesting work. It is also characterized in that the part is formed as a water tank 30 for hydroponic cultivation using a vinyl sheet 17.

Furthermore, the high-density cultivation device according to the present invention has the following features: (a) The elongated cultivation bed B in which crops are planted has a rail 10 laid in the width direction of the cultivation bed B.
It is movably installed on top.

(b) Cultivation bed B has rails 10 in its short direction.
Provide as many gaps as possible to ensure at least a gap equivalent to the width of the work transport vehicle described later in the form of a passageway between two arbitrarily selected adjacent cultivation beds B and B over the entire length of the area. They were placed closely side by side.

(c) The longitudinal cross members ₇₁ on both sides of the cultivation bed B were configured as rails.

(d) A working space is placed on the longitudinal cross members 7 ₁ , 7 ₁ of the two cultivation bed sides facing each other with the above-mentioned interval maintained between the adjacent cultivation beds B, B. A transport vehicle 11 was placed on the rack so that it could move freely.

(E) An auxiliary rail 20 parallel to the rail 10 in the short direction is laid along one or both ends of the cultivation bed B in the longitudinal direction, and the work vehicle 11 is mounted on the auxiliary rail 20. An auxiliary trolley 21 of a size and structure that can accommodate the above-mentioned plants is movably installed, and the work transport vehicle 11 is moved to the auxiliary trolley 21 when reloading the work transport vehicle 11 and moving the cultivation bed B. shall be.

Function Each cultivation bed B... has rail 1 in its short direction.
Arrange them close together on top of each other. Therefore, by laying the rails 10 over the entire length of the site, it is possible to effectively utilize almost the entire surface of the site as a crop planting area for high-density cultivation.

When it becomes necessary to take care of crops for each cultivation bed B, etc., move each cultivation bed B along the rail 10 so as to leave a space between the corresponding cultivation bed B and the adjacent cultivation bed B. When it is moved, a passage with a distance c is secured there, and not only can workers pass through it, but also the work transport vehicle 11 can be placed on it.
Workers can stretch out their hands and bodies through the aisles at intervals of c to care for and harvest crops. As a method to secure the distance c by moving two adjacent cultivation beds B and B as if to separate them, the first method is to
The second method is to move the cultivation beds B one by one along the rail 10 from one end of the rail 10, and the second method is to move each cultivation bed B in the same way as if they were distributed toward both ends of the rail 10. , there is. In this way, the distance c can be secured one after another on the longitudinal side of each cultivation bed B, so it is sufficient to provide a gap of at least the distance c over the entire length of the rail 10, and high-density cultivation can be achieved. be. In any case, each cultivation bed B is moved at a rate of about once a week or once every 10 days.

The work transport vehicle 11 mounted on the longitudinal cross members 7 ₁ , 7 ₁ of the cultivation beds B, B on both sides of the interval c secured in the form of a passage carries crop seedlings, fertilizers, or care materials. Labor can be reduced because tools or harvested products can be loaded and transported.

When the auxiliary trolley 21 of the auxiliary rail 20 parallel to the rail 10 is used, the work carrier 11 is used during the work of moving the cultivation bed B to secure the next interval c.
can be left on the auxiliary cart 20, and the work of changing the work carrier 11 can be done easily.

Example Next, illustrated embodiments of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 1 conceptually shows the overall configuration of a high-density cultivation device in a simplified manner. B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ in the diagram
... is a cultivation bed, and its planar shape has a width of approximately
It is approximately 1.5m in length, and is approximately rectangular in length, ranging from several meters to over 10 meters. In particular, the above-mentioned width dimension is considered to be a size that does not make it inconvenient for the worker to stretch out his hands and body from the side and tend the crops. Each cultivation bed B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ ... is
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, it is movably installed on rails 10 laid over approximately the entire length on the ground of the site. A plurality of rails 10 are laid at appropriate intervals in the width direction of the cultivation bed, and the cultivation beds B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ . ing. The cultivation beds are also two cultivation beds B ₁ and B ₂ arbitrarily selected as shown in Fig. 1.
As many as possible are arranged closely side by side, with a gap sufficient to ensure at least an interval c equivalent to the vehicle width of a working transport vehicle 11, which will be described later, as a passage E. In short, almost the entire area of the site can be effectively used as a planting area, and at least one passage E with the above-mentioned interval c is sufficient.

As shown in detail in FIG. 3, cultivation bed B is assembled by connecting a synthetic resin-coated metal pipe with an outer diameter of about φ28 and a synthetic resin joint. Right angle three-way joints 6 ₁ , 6 ₁ are installed at the upper end of the support pipe 1...
and T-shaped joints 6 ₂ , 6 ₂ . . . to connect pipes 7 ₁ , 7 ₁ serving as longitudinal cross members and vertical pipe 4 ₁ .
In addition, a right-angled four-way joint 6 ₃ ,
The frame of the cultivation bed is assembled as a rigid body by connecting the horizontal pipe 7 ₂ and the vertical pipe 4 ₂ through right-angled five-way joints 6 ₃ and 6 ₄ . A running wheel 9, 9... is attached to the lower end of each support column 1, 1..., and the wheel 9 is placed on the corresponding rail 10, 10... so that it can run. A horizontal pipe 7' and a vertical pipe 4' are connected to each other by a right-angled four-way joint ₂₁ and a right-angled five-way joint ₂₂ at a position about 10 cm to 15 cm below the upper end of each support column 1, 1....
The horizontal pipe 7' is stiffened with support pipes 5, 5, and further incorporates vertical and horizontal middle pipes ₃₁ , ₃₂ to form a crop cultivation bed. A floor surface is formed by placing a floorboard on top of this cultivation bed, and planting pots, trays, etc. are placed on top of the floor surface, and crops are cultivated.

The cultivation bed B (B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ ...) with the above configuration is
Rail 10 laid across the entire width (full length) of the site,
On top of 10..., adjacent cultivation beds are usually placed side by side in a daisy chain with the sides of the beds closely spaced without any gaps (Figures 1 and 2). However, 1
Only in one place (or two or more places if necessary)
A gap C as a working passage is secured between the adjacent cultivation beds B ₁ and B ₂ , and longitudinal cross members 7 ₁ of the two cultivation beds B ₁ and B ₂ on both sides of this working passage E are provided.
The work transport vehicle 11 is placed between the 7 _{and 1} . The width of this work passage E may be any size necessary for people to pass through and various types of work, and is, for example, about 1 m.

Similarly to the cultivation bed B, the working vehicle 11 has a rigid frame constructed by connecting a synthetic resin-coated metal pipe with an outer diameter of about 28 mm and a synthetic resin joint. As is clear from FIGS. 2 and 4, the work vehicle 11 has multiple horizontal shelves 14...
The crop 15 can be loaded directly onto the shelf 14 or by placing the crops 15 on a workbench 13 with casters that can be taken in and out of the shelf 14. This work transport vehicle 11 has wheels 12 at the lower end of its support, and these wheels 12 are connected to the work passage E.
It is placed on top of the upper horizontal pipes 7 ₁ in the cultivation beds B ₁ and B ₂ on both sides, and runs on the horizontal pipes 7 ₁ as rails. Therefore, the wheels 12 of the work vehicle 11 are V-grooved wheels as shown in FIG. On the other hand, a rib 16 having a substantially trapezoidal cross section is vertically projected upward from the center upper surface of the horizontal pipe ₇₁ serving as the rail, and the V-groove of the wheel 12 is fitted into this rib 16.

Therefore, while pushing the work vehicle 11 in the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed B, the cultivation beds B ₁ and B ₂ on both sides of the work passage E are successively cared for, harvested, planted, and other necessary matters. able to perform work. The work of loading and unloading crop seedlings and harvested products 15 into and out of the work transport vehicle 11 can also be carried out easily in a very natural standing position.

In addition, since the horizontal pipe ₇₁ with the rib 16 is used, the cultivation bed B is assembled using a half-socket type T-shaped joint ₆₂ where the presence of the rib 16 does not pose any problem, as shown in FIG. It is done using. Ribs 16 connected in series to the ribs 16 are also formed on the outer surface of the right-angled three-way joints ₆₁ at both ends of the cultivation bed.

Next, reference numeral 21 in FIG. 1 is an auxiliary truck prepared for replacing the work carrier 11. This is done along one end (or both ends) in the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed B (B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ ...).
It is installed so that it can freely run and move on auxiliary rails 20 laid in parallel with 0. This auxiliary trolley 21
is of a size and structure that allows the work transport vehicle 11 to be received from the cultivation bed B until the edge is completely cut off, and is also assembled into a rigid body by connecting a synthetic resin-coated metal pipe and a synthetic resin joint, and is used as an auxiliary vehicle. rail 2
It is equipped with wheels that run on the ground. In addition, the same ribs 16 and 1 as shown in FIGS.
6' is provided protrudingly.

Therefore, along the work path E, the work transport vehicle 1
When the desired work is completed to the end of cultivation bed B while pushing 1, move the work transport vehicle 1 as it is.
When the wheels 9 of 1 are pushed onto the shoulder pipes K, K of the auxiliary truck 21 and mounted, the work carrier 11
The connection with cultivation bed B is completely severed. Therefore, by moving the next cultivation bed _B2 until it comes into contact with the adjacent cultivation bed _B1 , a working passage E is created between the two cultivation beds _B2 and _B3 at a desired distance C.
It can be formed into Therefore, the auxiliary trolley 21 is advanced to the position of the new work passage E, and then the work transport vehicle 11 is pulled out and the two cultivation beds B ₂ are moved.
and _B3 , and work such as crop care can be continued for the same cultivation beds _B2 and _B3 .

In this way, by using the auxiliary trolley 21, the work vehicle 11 can be rearranged very easily and smoothly. By such rearranging, even if there is only one working path E, all the cultivation beds B ₁ , B _{2 , .} . . can be sequentially and adequately maintained.

In addition, if the harvest amount of the crops 15 reaches the limit of the storage and transportation capacity of the work transport vehicle 11 in the middle of a certain work passage E, the work transport vehicle 11 is pushed forward and loaded onto the auxiliary trolley 21, Next, the auxiliary trolley 21 is run along the auxiliary rail 20, carried to the pre-prepared position of the conveyor 22, the transported crops 15 are transferred to the conveyor 22, and then returned to the original position to begin the harvesting operation. You can also continue.

Other Embodiments (No. 1) FIG. 6 shows that a work carrier 11 carries a pedestal 11' consisting of multi-tiered shelves 14 hanging below wheels 12 to almost the full depth of a work passage E. An example attached to the figure is shown. Therefore, the storage and transportation capacity of the work vehicle 11 is approximately doubled.

(Part 2) FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which a vinyl sheet 17 is stretched over the top surface (cultivation bed) of the cultivation bed B to form an aquarium 30. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the upper horizontal pipe 7 (see FIG. 3) in the cultivation bed B is composed of a pipe with a completely circular cross section, and the outer periphery of this pipe 7 is covered with a vinyl sheet 17. The part is wrapped around. Then, a half-split sheet chuck 19 having a substantially C-shaped cross section and a groove 18 in the longitudinal direction on the outer surface for imparting flexibility is inserted into the pipe 7 from above the sheet 17 to stop the sheet. It is said that Therefore, this cultivation bed B is suitable for hydroponic cultivation of, for example, Japanese radish using the water tank 30. In the case of this embodiment, the wheels 12 of the work vehicle 11 are wheels with semicircular grooves, and the work vehicle 11 is mounted on the vehicle using half-split sheet chucks 19 as rails so that it can run freely.

(Part 3) I omitted the detailed illustration, but
As the rail on which the wheels 12 of the work vehicle 11 are mounted, it is also possible to use the lower horizontal pipe 7 ₂ (see FIG. 3) in the cultivation bed B. However, in the case of Fig. 3, the lower horizontal pipe ₇₂ is on the same plane as the support pipe 1 and cannot be used as a rail, so the joint 6
₃ and 6 ₄ so that the horizontal pipe 7 ₂ protrudes outward from the support 1 by the required dimension.

Effects of the present invention As described above in detail in conjunction with the embodiments, the high-density cultivation device according to the present invention is capable of arranging work passages E, which tend to become dead spaces, regardless of the number of cultivation beds B, and Regardless of the size of the site area, it is sufficient to provide at least one path with the interval C necessary for worker passage and agricultural work, so in the end, almost the entire site can be used for crop cultivation with high efficiency (high density). ), which contributes to increasing yields and profits by increasing the planted area.

Further, by using the work vehicle 11, crop care, harvesting, and other operations can be easily and efficiently performed.

In particular, the work vehicle 11 runs on the longitudinal cross members ₇₁ of the cultivation bed B, so it runs easily.
Since there is no need for steering, stable farming operations can be performed easily and labor can be reduced.

Furthermore, since all the structures are made of synthetic resin, there is no need to worry about rust, and the equipment is highly durable and maintenance-free.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a bird's-eye view showing the entire high-density cultivation device according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a side view of the same, and Figure 3 is a side view of the same.
The figure is a detailed diagram of the framework of the cultivation bed, and Figure 4 is the second figure.
Figure 5 is a view in the direction of the - arrow in the figure, Figure 5 is a view in the direction of the arrow in Figure 4,
Fig. 6 is a side view of the second embodiment, Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the cultivation bed of the third embodiment, Fig. 8 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 7, and Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing the conventional example. It is.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. (a) The long and narrow cultivation bed B for planting crops is
(b) The cultivation bed B is movably installed on the rail 10 laid in the width direction;
Provide as many gaps as possible between the two arbitrarily selected cultivation beds B and B over the entire length of the cultivation bed to ensure a gap equivalent to the width of the work transport vehicle described later in the form of a passageway. (c) The longitudinal cross members ₇₁ on both sides of the cultivation bed B are configured as rails; (d) The cultivation beds B are secured in the form of a passage between the adjacent cultivation beds B. A working transport vehicle 11 is mounted so as to be freely movable on the longitudinal cross members 7 ₁ and 7 ₁ of the two cultivation bed side parts facing each other with an interval between them. High-density cultivation equipment. 2. The framework of the cultivation bed B and the framework of the work vehicle 11 described in claim 1 are as follows:
A high-density cultivation device characterized by being assembled from synthetic resin or synthetic resin-coated metal pipes and synthetic resin joints. 3. The longitudinal cross member ₇₁ of the side portion of the cultivation bed described in claim 1 is a work transport vehicle 11.
A high-density cultivation device characterized in that it is formed of a synthetic resin or synthetic resin-coated metal pipe having ribs 16 into which the V-grooved wheels 12 fit. 4. The longitudinal cross member ₇₁ of the side portion of the cultivation bed described in claim 1 is a work transport vehicle 11.
This high-density cultivation device is characterized in that a half chuck 19 with a C-shaped cross section that holds a vinyl sheet is fitted into a pipe with a circular cross section so that a wheel 12 with a semicircular groove fits therein. 5. The work vehicle 11 described in claim 1 is mounted on the longitudinal cross member 7 ₁ at the side of the cultivation bed B, and hangs below the longitudinal cross member 7 ₁ . It is equipped with a shaped pedestal 11',
A high-density cultivation device characterized in that the pedestal 11' is composed of multi-stage shelves 14 for harvesting work. 6. The cultivation bed B described in claim 1 is a high-density cultivation device characterized in that its upper surface is formed as a water tank 30 for hydroponic cultivation using a vinyl sheet 17. 7 (a) The long and narrow cultivation bed B where crops are planted is
(b) The cultivation bed B is movably installed on the rail 10 laid in the width direction of the cultivation bed B;
Over the entire length of the cultivation bed, prepare as many gaps as possible to ensure a passage-like gap between two arbitrarily selected adjacent cultivation beds B, at least equivalent to the width of the work transport vehicle described below, and as many as possible. (c) The longitudinal cross members ₇₁ on both sides of the cultivation bed B are configured as rails; (d) A path is secured between the adjacent cultivation beds B. (e) The work vehicle 11 is mounted on the longitudinal cross members 7 ₁ , 7 ₁ of the two cultivation bed side parts facing each other with an interval between them. An auxiliary rail 20 parallel to the rail 10 in the short direction is laid along one or both ends of the cultivation bed B in the longitudinal direction, and the work vehicle 11 can be received on this auxiliary rail 20. An auxiliary trolley 21 of different size and structure is movably installed, and the work transport vehicle 11 is moved to the auxiliary trolley 21 when reloading the work transport vehicle 11 and moving the cultivation bed B. High-density cultivation equipment.