JPH0260452B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus, and more particularly to a wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus in which a positioning guide for a wire electrode can be moved in the axial direction of the wire electrode independently of a machining fluid injection nozzle. Regarding equipment.

[Conventional technology]

A wire cut electric discharge machining device moves a wire electrode in the axial direction between a pair of spaced apart positioning guides, and cuts the workpiece from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the wire electrode through a minute gap. between the wire electrode and the workpiece, and machining fluid is jetted and supplied from a machining fluid injection nozzle disposed coaxially with the wire electrode and facing each other in the gap on one or both sides of the workpiece. By applying intermittent voltage pulses and performing machining by the generated electric discharge, cutting and cutting out a desired contour shape are performed by applying relative machining feed to the wire electrode and the workpiece on the plane in the orthogonal direction. It was meant to be done.

(Problem to be Solved) By the way, the closer the machining fluid injection nozzle is to the workpiece, the more effective it can be expected for cooling and removing machining debris. It is necessary to supply and cool the positioning guide and the power supply contacts or current-carrying pins, etc. that are in sliding contact with the wire electrode on both sides of the workpiece that are further away from the workpiece than the processing fluid nozzle and positioning guide. Various types have been proposed, such as an integrated type in which the machining fluid jet nozzle is coaxial with the wire electrode axis, and one or both of the positioning guide and the energizing pin are housed in the machining fluid nozzle. The structure has become complicated when considering the distribution intervention to each part of the machine.For this reason, it is necessary to provide separate cooling means for the positioning guide, energizing pin, etc., or to provide a separate cooling means by supplying machining fluid. As long as such measures cannot be taken, it is impossible to install the machining liquid nozzle close to the workpiece separately from the positioning guide and the current-carrying pin.Therefore, the machining liquid nozzle and the positioning guide cannot Also, there were significant restrictions on the combinations of current-carrying pins and their mutual positional relationships, which sometimes hindered the intended processing.
Particularly with positioning guides for wire electrodes, in order to accurately process various workpieces of different thickness into the desired shape, the positioning guide must be brought close to the workpiece, and the set position by the guide and the actual It is desirable to minimize the deviation from the machined part.
Furthermore, in cases where high accuracy is not required, such as rough cutting, or when machining is performed while vibrating the wire electrode, it is necessary to arrange the guide at an arbitrary position corresponding to the type of machining. However, it is difficult to arrange both the positioning guide and the nozzle at arbitrary positions with respect to the workpiece and to supply the machining fluid to the guide.

Therefore, the present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wire cut electric discharge machining apparatus suitable for performing accurate electric discharge machining on various workpieces having different thicknesses. do.

[Means for solving problems]

That is, the present invention provides a wire-cut electrical discharge machining apparatus that performs electrical discharge machining by applying intermittent voltage pulses between a workpiece and a wire electrode, which has a cylindrical hollow part with one end open. a nozzle holder having a machining fluid supply conduit communicating with the other end and through which the wire electrode penetrates in the axial direction; and a hollow cylindrical body fitted into the tip of the nozzle holder so as to be movable in the axial direction. a guide holder inserted into the nozzle holder, the guide holder having a nozzle for ejecting and supplying machining liquid into a machining gap with the workpiece substantially coaxially with the wire electrode; and a guide for positioning the wire electrode; and a support member for attaching the guide holder to the nozzle holder so as to be movable in the axial direction of the wire electrode by at least a larger displacement than the movement of the nozzle.

[Function] In the wire cut electrical discharge machining apparatus of the present invention, the nozzle attached to the nozzle holder is movable in the axial direction of the wire electrode, and the nozzle is moved vertically according to the thickness of the workpiece. The nozzle holder does not need to be moved if the change in thickness of the workpiece is within the movable range of the nozzle, since the machining liquid can be jetted and supplied to the workpiece at a close distance.

Further, in the wire cut electric discharge machining apparatus of the present invention, the guide holder is movable with respect to the wire electrode axis by a displacement amount larger than the movement amount of the nozzle. The guide can be placed at any position in the vertical direction corresponding to the above.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained below with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows an enlarged view of the upper nozzle and positioning guide portion of a wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The wire cut electrical discharge machining device is fed out from a reel via a brake roller or the like provided in a column or the like of the device main body (not shown).
extends downward via the guide roller 11 of the arm 1;
A guide roller of an arm (not shown) provided below to face the arm 1, a winding roller, a winding reel of the main body such as a column, or a portion between the guide rollers of the wire electrode 2 leading to the collection container, and the workpiece 3. Intermittent voltage pulses are applied during this period to perform electrical discharge machining. The upper part of a support member 13 is attached to the arm 1 disposed above so as to be substantially orthogonal to the arm 1 and can be vertically moved and positioned by a manual handle or a motor 12. At the bottom of the support member 13, there is provided a moving body 4 that can be moved and adjusted and positioned manually or by a motor 13A in a plane perpendicular to the direction of movement of the support member 13 with respect to the arm 1. A wear-resistant current-carrying pin 11 made of cemented carbide or the like is attached to contact the wire electrode 2 to apply a voltage pulse, and is in contact with the wire electrode 2 in a substantially straight line between the guide rollers 11 . Also, the support member 13
The upper end of a hollow cylindrical nozzle holder 5 is fixed to the movable body 4 at the lower end. Openings 51 and 52 are formed in the upper and lower end surfaces of the nozzle holder 5, and the nozzle holder 5
The wire electrodes 2 are arranged in such a positional relationship that the wire electrodes 2 are inserted between the guide rollers 11 approximately at the central axis of the guide rollers 11 . Furthermore, a cylindrical guide holder 6 of an upper positioning guide 61 is coaxially inserted into the nozzle holder 5, and a nozzle 7 is coaxially fitted into the lower end opening 52 so as to be movable in the axial direction. It is set up. The guide holder 6 is a hollow cylinder having a hole 6a, and a die-shaped positioning guide 61 is provided at the lower end.
is attached, and the wire electrode 2 is positioned above the workpiece 3 by this guide 61. At an appropriate position such as the upper end of the guide holder 6, there is a resonant horn 8 of a vibrator 80 consisting of a magnetostrictive or electrostrictive vibrator 80 provided outside the nozzle holder 5 and a resonant horn 81 attached thereto.
1, and the vibrator 80 is fixed to the tip of the supporting member 13.
By being attached to the nozzle holder 5, the guide holder 6 is positioned and held at a predetermined position within the nozzle holder 5. Therefore, the vibrator 80 has a shaft 82
The lower end of the support member 13 can be moved up and down in the axial direction of the wire electrode 2 in the same way as the member 13, either manually or by a motor 83. Further, a table 86 is provided at the lower end of the shaft 82 and is moved manually or by motors 84 and 85 in the X-axis and Y-axis directions perpendicular to the axis of movement of the shaft 82. It is positioned and fixed on top. Moreover, the nozzle 7 is
It is disposed at the lower end of the nozzle holder 5, and is fitted into an opening 52 at the lower end of the nozzle holder 5 so as to be movable up and down depending on the supply pressure and flow rate of the machining fluid, the distance to the workpiece 3, etc. The nozzle 7 is a hollow cylindrical body having a desired axial length, inner diameter, and axial inner diameter restriction, and the outer diameter of the end 71 of the flange portion located inside the nozzle holder 5 is equal to the opening at the lower end of the nozzle holder 5. The end portion 71 is formed to have approximately the same inner diameter as the inner diameter of the opening portion 52 , and the end portion 71 fits and contacts the inner wall of the opening portion 52 to prevent the nozzle 7 from falling off from the nozzle holder 5 . Note that a pressurized machining fluid supply hose 53 is attached to an appropriate position on the upper side of the nozzle holder 5.
Machining fluid is supplied from here, and the machining fluid is jetted from the lower nozzle 7 to the machining part of the workpiece 3 and from the opening 51 to the current-carrying pin 14, and the positioning guide 61 is cooled in the nozzle holder 5. It is becoming more and more common. Further, on the side of the nozzle holder 5, a vertically elongated hole is formed so that the horn 81 of the vibrator 80 can move relatively freely in the axial direction of the shaft 82 and by a small distance in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper. A window 54 is formed, and on the inside or outside of this window 54, a seal packing made of flexible soft rubber, a telescopic bellows, or a multi-stage trading door used as a guide surface cover for a machine tool, etc. is formed. cover 5
5 is provided to prevent the machining fluid inside the nozzle holder 5 from leaking and scattering. Further, the workpiece 3 is fixed to a processing table 31, and the processing table 31 is moved along a predetermined contour shape etc. on a plane perpendicular to the two axes of the wire electrode by motors 32 and 33 under the control of a numerical controller. It is now possible to move around freely. Note that many of the configurations and members described above are provided not only above the workpiece 3 but also below the workpiece 3. The explanation is the same as that described above except that the members are disposed symmetrically in the upper and lower directions, so the explanation will be omitted. However, for example, the energizing pins and positioning guides at the bottom may be fixed, and the ultrasonic vibrations may only be applied to one side of the top, so these related components can be omitted at the bottom. Also, since ultrasonic vibration is not essential, this portion can be simply a mechanical holding structure for the positioning guide holder.

Next, the operation of the wire cut electric discharge machining apparatus of the present invention will be explained. It is desirable that the machining fluid supplied near the machining part of the workpiece 3 be jetted from a close distance to the workpiece 3, but since the thickness of the workpiece 3 is not constant, It is necessary to adjust the nozzle 7 that supplies the machining fluid up and down according to the movement of the machining fluid. It is done by doing. Note that if the vertical adjustment height is small, the nozzle 7 can freely protrude and move in and out of the nozzle holder 5, so the height may be adjusted only by the nozzle 7 protruding and moving in and out. . The nozzle 7 receives the pressure of the machining fluid at its flange and is pushed toward the workpiece 3, and the machining fluid is ejected to the outside from between the nozzle tip and the workpiece 3, so the machining fluid pressure and The machining fluid is maintained at a position where the ejection force is balanced, and the machining fluid can be effectively supplied into the machining gap 3A between the wire electrode 2 and the workpiece 3. The energizing pin 14 that slides with the wire electrode 2 and is energized is suitably cooled by the jetting of the separation jet machining liquid from the upper opening 51 of the nozzle holder 5, and prevents disconnection such as melting of the wire electrode 2 at the energizing pin 14 portion. It is prevented. In addition, the wire electrode 2 that processes the workpiece 3 needs to be accurately positioned in order to obtain the desired processed shape, and the guide 61 that positions the wire electrode 2
The closer it is to the workpiece 3, the better. To bring the guide 61 closer to the workpiece 3, manual operation or motor 8
3 to move the shaft 82 toward the workpiece 3 and move the vibrator 80 and guide holder 6 toward the workpiece 3. For this reason, the guide 61 is configured to be inserted into the nozzle 7 near the workpiece 3;
1 is also supplied with sufficient machining fluid, and the contact portion between the guide 61 and the wire electrode 2 can be cooled.
Furthermore, the vibrator 80 to which the guide holder 6 is attached
The guide 61 can be moved by a small distance in the same plane as in the front, back, left, and right, so that the position of the guide 61 can be finely adjusted. Furthermore, by operating the electrostrictive vibrator 80, the vibrator 80 to which the guide holder 6 is attached is connected to the guide holder 6 via the resonance horn 81.
The guide 61 is vibrated and the wire electrode 2 is vibrated. However, as mentioned above, if it is desired to perform wire cut electrical discharge machining without applying vibrations such as ultrasonic waves to the wire cut electrode 2, or if there is no need to apply vibrations, processing is performed with the vibration of the vibrator 80 stopped. Alternatively, the vibrator 80 and the horn 81 may be replaced with a column-shaped connecting and holding member having desired rigidity and the like.

〔effect〕

As explained above, according to the structure of the machining fluid nozzle holder section of the present invention, the nozzle for supplying machining fluid is fitted in the nozzle holder so as to be movable in the axial direction of the wire electrode, and the guide for positioning the wire electrode Since the holder can be inserted movably into the nozzle that supplies machining fluid, the guide holder can be freely moved and positioned as desired relative to the workpiece depending on the thickness of the workpiece. The wire electrode can be accurately positioned with respect to the workpiece, thereby greatly improving machining accuracy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a main part of a wire-cut electrical discharge machining apparatus, with a part thereof shown in cross section, showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view showing the operation of the apparatus of FIG. 2... Wire electrode, 5... Nozzle holder, 6... Guide holder, 7... Nozzle, 13... Support member, 61...
guide.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A wire-cut electrical discharge machining device that performs electrical discharge machining by applying intermittent voltage pulses between a workpiece 3 and a wire electrode 2, which has a cylindrical hollow portion with an open end. a nozzle holder 5 having a machining fluid supply conduit communicating with the other end of the hollow portion and through which the wire electrode 2 passes in the axial direction; The nozzle 7 is fitted so as to be movable in the direction and supplies machining liquid to the machining gap with the workpiece 3 in a substantially coaxial manner with the wire electrode 2; and a guide 61 for positioning the wire electrode 2. a guide holder 6 inserted into the nozzle holder 5; and the guide holder 6 is attached to the nozzle holder 5 so as to be movable in the axial direction of the wire electrode by at least a larger displacement than the nozzle 7; A wire cut electrical discharge machining apparatus characterized by having a support member 13 that holds the nozzle holder 5 and can be positioned and installed by moving the wire electrode in two axial directions.