JPH0263699A - Compression granulating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To execute the granulation of a granulated object of a small diameter by providing a roller having many recessed parts, and a sheet having elasticity for covering the surface of the roller in a position where both rollers approach. CONSTITUTION:Powder raw materials 10 in a hopper 1 are fed by a screw 2 and pushed in between rollers 3, 4, compressed and granulated by both the rollers and drop down. The raw materials 10 which are pushed in by the screw 2 are compressed gradually by the rollers 3, 4, which are rotating, compressed entirely in a part of A and become a spherical shape which combines a recessed part 3a and a recessed part 4a. In this case, sheets 6, 7 are transformed by pressure, adhere to the inside surface of the recessed parts 3a, 4a, and the compressed raw materials become a spherical form which combines the recessed parts. When the rollers 3, 4 rotate, the recessed parts 3a, 4a of the roller are separated from each other, and when the raw materials come to a position of B, they tend to return to its origin by restoring force of the sheet, therefore, they are separated from the inside surface of the recessed parts 3a, 4a and granulated objects are separated entirely from the roller at a point of C and drop down.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a compression granulation device.

[Conventional technology]

Various granulation methods are known for forming granules of a desired diameter using powder as a raw material. These granulation methods are
Since each type has its own advantages and disadvantages, it is common to use a granulation device with a granulation method suitable for the characteristics of the granulated product.

Compression granulation equipment, unlike other granulation equipment, compresses and compacts raw material powder without using much or no binder to form relatively large lumps with high density (
For example, it is characterized by forming granules, such as the charcoal shown in FIG. However, it has drawbacks such as the inability to form granules with small diameters.

Therefore, in order to obtain fine granules, a compression granulator having a structure as shown in FIG. 8 is used. In this granulation device, powder raw material put into a hopper 31 is passed through a screw 3.
Feed between rolls 33 and 34 with a second class, and roll 33
．． It is compressed at 34 to form a plate-like body 35. The compressed plate-shaped body 35 of this raw material is crushed.

The particles are sized to form granules. Since it is made by crushing a plate-shaped body in this way, it is not only difficult to obtain one with a small diameter, but also the diameter is irregular. Therefore, in order to obtain the desired particle size, a small amount of the desired particle size must be sieved out of a large amount of granules, resulting in extremely poor yield.

In addition, as another compression granulation device, the shape of the roll is 9th.
There is a method using the one shown in FIG. That is, as shown in these figures, the rolls 36 and 37 have recesses 36a and 37 whose cross-sectional shape is a flattened circular arc.
A is provided with a large number of recesses 36a and 37a so that when the roll 36.degree. 37 is rotated, the recesses 36a and 37a form exactly the shape at the portion A in FIG.

In a compression granulation device using such rolls 36 and 37, the raw material powder pushed between the rolls 36 and 37 by a screw is compressed into the recesses 36a and 37a of the rolls, and is surrounded by both recesses. The granules are granulated in the same shape as the space in which they are formed and then fall. Therefore, particles with uniform particle size and shape are formed.

In a compression granulation device using rolls having such a shape, if the size of the recesses is small, the granulated material compressed in the recesses will not fall out of the recesses, but will break in the center and enter both recesses 36a and 37a. It will remain. Therefore, the particle size that can be granulated with this apparatus must be larger than 5n, for example, 5n or more. A similar problem occurs when the recesses are deep, so the recesses formed in the roll must have a cross-sectional shape, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, which limits the shape of the granules.

In addition, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the granulated material compacted into large lumps (like charcoal) as shown in Fig. 11 is crushed and organized using a compression granulator equipped with a roll having four parts. A method of pulverizing to form fine granules has also been carried out. However, as in the case of pulverizing and sizing plate-shaped bodies, the diameters are irregular and there are drawbacks such as poor yield.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

An object of the present invention is to provide a compression granulation apparatus that uses rolls in which a large number of recesses are formed, and is capable of forming small-diameter granules.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the compression granulation device of the present invention includes rolls having a large number of recesses arranged with slight gaps, and a surface of each roll at least at a position where both rolls approach each other. A sheet made of an elastic material that covers the recess, and compresses the powder raw material by supplying the powder raw material between the rolls to form granules having the same shape as the recess. be.

According to the granulator of the present invention, when the powder is compressed at the position where both rolls approach each other, the sheet is deformed and compressed into the same shape as the recessed part, and when both rolls separate, the sheet is pushed and deformed by the raw material. The sheet returns to its original curved state due to its restoring force, and the compressed raw material in the recess is ejected from the recess. Therefore, the granulation device of the present invention ensures that the granules can be peeled off after compression granulation, and there is no risk that the granules will break when they are separated from the rolls. Furthermore, it is possible to granulate not only large-diameter granules but also small-diameter granules, for example, 5 m or less. Furthermore, granules having various shapes such as spherical and cylindrical shapes can be produced.

Further, as a modification of the apparatus of the present invention, a similar small-diameter granulated product can be obtained by using a hard material as the sheet and forming recesses in the sheet.

In this case, two sets of sheets each having a large number of concave portions are hung on two rolls, and the sheets are in contact with each other between each roll, and the powder is compressed with both sheets to form a granular material.
The granules may fall from the recesses by bending of both sheets when they are separated.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a first embodiment of the compression granulation apparatus of the present invention, in which 1 is a hopper, 2 is a screw, 3 and 4 are rolls arranged close to each other at point A, and 5 is a hydraulic cylinder that adjusts the distance between both rolls 3 and 4; 6;
7 is a thin sheet made of an elastic synthetic resin material, etc., whose width is approximately equal to the width of the roll 3.4, and is hung around the roll 3 and the guide roller 8 or the roll 4 and the guide roller 9, respectively, like an endless belt. There is.

In an embodiment with such a configuration, the powder raw material 10 in the hopper 1 is fed by the screw 2 and pushed between the rolls 3 and 4, and is pushed between the rolls 3 and 4 by the rotation of the rolls 3.4 in the direction of the arrow. It is compressed and granulated by rolls and then dropped.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion where both rolls 3 and 4 are close to each other. As is clear from this figure, the raw material 10 pushed in by the screw 2 is gradually compressed by the rotating rolls 3 and 4, and is completely compressed at the part A, forming a spherical shape that is a combination of the recesses 3a and 4a. Become. At this time, the sheet 6.7 is deformed by the pressure and adheres to the inner surfaces of the recesses 3a, 4a, so that the compressed raw material becomes spherical by combining the recesses. When the rolls 3 and 4 rotate, the recesses 3a and 4a of both rolls separate from each other. For example, when they reach the position shown in B, they try to return to their original state due to the restoring force of the sheet, so they separate from the inner surfaces of the recesses 3a and 4a, resulting in granulation. The object is also separated from the concave surface, for example, at point C, where it is completely separated from the roll and falls.

According to this embodiment of the present invention, since the granules are separated from the recesses of the roll by the restoring force of the elastic sheet, even granules with an extremely small diameter can be peeled off from the roll, forming granules with a small diameter. It is possible.

Furthermore, since separation is possible even if the recesses of the rolls are not shallow, it is possible to produce granules of various shapes, such as spherical rather than flat shapes, and those shown in FIG. 3.

Furthermore, since the concave portions on the roll surface may be arranged as shown in FIG. 3 (not only the slope but also as shown in FIG. 3(B)), a large amount of granulated material can be produced at one time.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the roll portion of another second embodiment. In this embodiment, the roll 13.
14 is a cylindrical body having a hollow part 15.16', and seams 1.7.18 are provided on its surface.

A narrow hole 19.20 is formed through the hollow part 15.16. Other hoppers, screws, etc. i11 [1]
It has the same configuration as the embodiment.

In this second embodiment as well, compression granulation and peeling of the granulated material from the roll are performed by the deformation and restoring force of the sheet. Further, by providing a hollow portion and a through hole in the roll, when the film is deformed by the pressure of the raw material, air in the recessed portion escapes to the hollow portion through the through hole.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams showing a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the sheets 21 and 22 are made of a relatively hard material, and a large number of semicircular or other shaped recesses 24 are formed in this sheet as shown in FIG. be. Also, the rolls 8.9 are arranged close to each other, so that the sheets 21 and n have large diameter holes 3, 4.
From the small diameter rolls 8 and 9, the hemispherical or other concave portions formed in both sheets 21 and 22 are in contact with each other and come together to form a spherical or other empty space. Note that no recesses are formed in the large-diameter rolls 3 and 4.

In this embodiment, a powder raw material 10 is charged and compressed by a large diameter roll, and granules are formed in the recesses 21 and 24 formed in the shells 21 and 22. These granules are fed by both sheets 21 and 22, but when they reach the small diameter rolls 8 and 9, both sheets 21 and 22 separate and the granules fall. At this time, since the sheet 21.n is placed on a small diameter roll 8.9, it is sharply bent into a curved surface with a small radius of curvature. By bending the sheets 21 and 22, the recesses formed in the sheet are opened and the granules easily fall. Furthermore, even small-diameter granules can be dropped reliably.

As for the recesses provided in these embodiments, one side has a large number of long grooves extending parallel to each other as shown in FIG. It may also be a concave portion.

As a result, the powder is compressed at the location where both the recesses intersect, forming a granular material.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the compression granulation apparatus of the present invention, granulation and peeling of the granulated material from the roll are reliably performed by deforming and restoring the sheet having elasticity on the surface of the roll. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture small-diameter granules and granules of various shapes.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged diagram of a part of the roll portion of the above embodiment,
3 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of recesses on the roll surface of the above embodiment, FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway diagram of the roll of the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. Fig. 6 shows the main parts of the third embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 7 shows a modified example of the concave portion of the sheet used in the third embodiment, and Fig. 8 shows a conventional compression granulation device. 9 and 10 are diagrams showing the rolls of other conventional granulating devices, and FIG. 11 is a diagram showing granules formed in a conventional example having the same rolls. . 1... Hopper 2... Screw 3, 4.13.14... Roll, 6, 7, 17.18
...Sheet. Applicant Fuji Baudal Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Consisting of two rolls arranged close to each other and rotating in opposite directions, and two elastic sheets each located at least at a position close to each other on the rolls, the surface of the rolls or the sheet is A compression granulation device characterized by having a large number of recesses.