JPH0264366A - Refrigerant heating heating/cooling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a heating and cooling device that connects indoor and outdoor units with refrigerant piping, and particularly relates to a heating and cooling device that heats a refrigerant with a burner or the like to heat an indoor unit. It is related to.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Heat pump air conditioners, which have been put into practical use, are the mainstream devices for heating and cooling by connecting indoor and outdoor units with refrigerant piping. However, in the case of heat pump air conditioners, the capacity decreases at low outside temperatures when heating is most needed, and it is necessary to temporarily stop heating and perform defrosting operation to remove frost from the outdoor heat exchanger. However, there are still issues with heating operation. In order to solve the above heating issues with heat pump air conditioners, gas
A heating system has been proposed in which a refrigerant is heated with an oil burner and the heat is transferred to an indoor unit using a compressor.

This method is shown in FIG. 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve, 3
4 is an outdoor heat exchanger, 4 is a check valve, 5 is a pressure reducing device, and 6 is an indoor heat exchanger, and a refrigerant heater 9 having an on-off valve 7 and a burner 8 is provided in parallel with the outdoor heat exchanger. The refrigerant flows in the direction of the solid arrow during heating and in the direction of the dashed arrow during cooling.

In the above configuration, during heating operation, the gas refrigerant heated and evaporated by the combustion heat of the burner 8 in the refrigerant heater 9 is sent to the indoor heat exchanger 6 by the operation of the compressor 1 to radiate heat,
The condensed and liquefied refrigerant is returned to the refrigerant heater 7. Also,
During cooling operation, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 and the refrigerant liquefied by heat radiation by flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger 3 are reduced in refrigerant pressure by the pressure reducing device 5 and sent to the indoor heat exchanger 6 for cooling. The gas refrigerant that has absorbed heat and evaporated is sucked into the compressor 1 and circulated.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above configuration, during heating operation, fuel such as oil or city gas is burned in the burner 8 and the refrigerant is not only heated in the refrigerant heater 9, but also the refrigerant is transported. Therefore, the operating cost of the compressor 1 becomes large, and the heating operation and maintenance cost becomes high.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems.The present invention is a thermal drive system that circulates the refrigerant by using the pressure of the refrigerant evaporated by the combustion heat of the burner in the refrigerant heater without operating the compressor during heating operation. The purpose of this system is to provide heating with low operation and maintenance costs and high equipment reliability through non-powered heat transfer, and to construct a system with high operational efficiency and reliability through compressor-driven cooling operation. .

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above objects, the refrigerant heating heating/cooling machine of the present invention includes a first check valve, a receiver with a pressure introduction valve, a second check valve gas-liquid separator, and a refrigerant heater. A thermally driven heat transfer block is provided, the gas refrigerant outlet pipe of the gas-liquid separator, a third
A heating circuit in which a check valve, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, and the first check valve are connected in sequence, an accumulator, a compressor, a first on-off valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a second on-off valve, and the heat-driven type. A heat transfer block, a third on-off valve, a fourth check valve, and a pressure reducing device are connected in sequence, and one end on the accumulator side is connected to the four-way valve, and the other end on the pressure reducing device side is connected to the first check valve and indoor heat. A cooling circuit connected between the exchanger, a fifth check valve, the four-way valve, the accumulator, and the compressor are connected in sequence, and one end on the fifth check valve side is connected to the first on-off valve and the outdoor air conditioner. Between the heat exchangers, the other end on the side of the sixth check valve is connected to a pump-down circuit connected between the third check valve and the four-way valve, and further connected to the second on-off valve and the heat-driven heat pump. A refrigerant sealed circuit is constructed from a conveyance block and an oil purge circuit arranged in parallel to the third on-off valve.

Function The function of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration will first be explained with regard to heating. In order to ensure a specified amount of refrigerant in the heating circuit and perform highly reliable heating operation, the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger is recovered to the heating circuit via the pump-down circuit by operating the compressor prior to combustion in the burner. Perform pump down operation.

During heating operation by burner combustion, the evaporation pressure increase generated by heating and evaporating the refrigerant in the refrigerant heater is used to force the evaporated gas refrigerant through the gas-liquid separator to the indoor heat exchanger, and further indoor heat exchange The liquid refrigerant that flows into the vessel and liquefies heat is sent through the first check valve to a receiver equipped with a pressure introduction valve. Here, the pressure introduction valve is opened, and the evaporation pressure generated in the refrigerant heater is applied to the receiver section, causing the liquid refrigerant to fall into the gas-liquid separator, and this liquid refrigerant is sent to the refrigerant heater, and the pressure introduction valve is opened. Then, the liquid refrigerant from the indoor heat exchanger is introduced into the receiver section again.

In this way, during heating, the refrigerant is heated and pressurized using the combustion heat of the burner, and the refrigerant is pumped into the room using heat-driven heat transfer without the power of the bomb press, making it unnecessary to operate the compressor.

During this heating operation, if there is a large amount of refrigerating machine oil for compressor lubrication taken out from the compressor during cooling operation etc. in the heating circuit, local overheating may occur in the refrigerant heater.
When the heating is stopped when the burner combustion is stopped, the third on-off valve is opened to cause the refrigerant oil in the heating circuit to flow out to the outdoor heat exchanger through the oil purge circuit, and the oil is recovered into the compressor by operating the compressor. do.

Cooling operation is performed by compressor operation as in the past, and in order to absorb the difference in the amount of refrigerant required for heating and refrigerant, a thermally driven heat transfer block for heating is installed on the outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger. It is positioned as a refrigerant receiving section, and excess refrigerant during cooling operation is stored in this thermally driven heat transfer block.

Example Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

In FIG. 1, 10 indicates a pressure introduction valve 11 and a receiver section 1.
2, a first check valve 13 is installed in the refrigerant pipe 15 that connects the indoor heat exchanger 14 and the receiver section 12 of the receiver section 10 with a pressure introduction valve, and the refrigerant pipe 15 is capable of flowing in the direction of the receiver section 12; , 16 is a second check valve installed in the refrigerant pipe 18 that connects the receiver 10 with a pressure introduction valve and the gas-liquid separator 17 and is capable of flowing in the direction of the gas-liquid separator 17, and 19 is a liquid outflow valve installed in the gas-liquid separator 17. It is a pipe and is connected to the liquid inlet of the refrigerant heater 20. 21 is refrigerant heater 2
A refrigerant pipe 23 connects the refrigerant outlet 0, the pressure introduction valve 11, and the two-phase refrigerant port 22 of the gas-liquid separator 17, and 23 is a gas refrigerant outlet pipe provided in the gas-liquid separator 17.

24 is the first check valve 13 described above and the receiver 1 with a pressure introduction valve.
0, a heat-driven heat transfer block having a second check valve 16, a gas-liquid separator 17, and a refrigerant heater 20.

25 is a third check valve installed in the refrigerant pipe 27 that connects the gas refrigerant outlet pipe 23 of the gas-liquid separator 17 and the four-way valve 26, and is capable of flowing in the direction of the four-way valve 26; 28 is the four-way valve 26 and the indoor heat exchanger. 14, and is a gas refrigerant outlet pipe 23 of the gas-liquid separator 17 of the thermally driven heat transfer block 24.
, the third check valve 25, the four-way valve 26, the indoor heat exchanger 14, and the first check valve 13 of the heat-driven heat transfer block are successively connected by refrigerant piping to form a heating circuit.

29 is a burner provided in the refrigerant heater 20, and 30 is a blower provided in the indoor heat exchanger 14.

31 is an accumulator installed in the suction pipe of the compressor 32;
33 is a first on-off valve provided on the refrigerant pipe 35 connecting the discharge pipe of the compressor 32 and the outdoor heat exchanger 34; 36 is the receiver section 12 of the outdoor heat exchanger 34 and the thermally driven heat transfer block 24;
This is a second on-off valve provided on the refrigerant pipe 37 that connects the refrigerant pipe 3 to the lower connection port provided on the lower side of the outdoor heat exchanger 34.
5 is connected, and a refrigerant pipe 37 is connected to an upper connection port provided above the outdoor heat exchanger 34.

One end of the refrigerant pipe 42 to which the third on-off valve 38, fourth check valve 39, strainer 40, and pressure reducing device 41 are connected in sequence is connected to the thermally driven heat transfer block 24, and the other end is connected to the first check valve of the refrigerant pipe 15. 13 and the indoor heat exchanger 14. In particular, the third on-off valve 38 side of the refrigerant pipe 42 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 17 of the thermally driven heat transfer block 24 or the refrigerant heater 2.
Connected to the liquid refrigerant section at 0.

Further, the fourth check valve 39 connects the third on-off valve 38 to the pressure reducing device 41.
It is possible to flow in the direction of.

The accumulator 31 described above is connected to the four-way valve 26 by a refrigerant pipe 43, and includes the four-way valve 26, the accumulator 31, the compressor 32, the first on-off valve 33, and the outdoor heat exchanger 34.
, second on-off valve 36, thermally driven heat transfer block 24, third
The on-off valve 38, the fourth check valve 39, the strainer 40, the pressure reducing device 41, the indoor heat exchanger 14, and the above-mentioned four-way valve 26 are connected by refrigerant pipes 43, 35, 37, 42, 15, 28 to form a cooling circuit. It consists of

44 is the first on-off valve 33 of the refrigerant pipe 35 and the outdoor heat exchanger 3
This is a fifth check valve that allows the refrigerant to flow in the direction of the four-way valve 26 provided in the refrigerant pipe 45 that connects the four-way valve 26 to the refrigerant pipe 45 . 4
Reference numeral 6 designates a sixth check valve, which connects the refrigerant pipe 47 between the compressor 32 and the first on-off valve 33 of the refrigerant pipe 35 and between the third check valve 25 and the four-way valve 26 of the refrigerant pipe 27. It is possible to flow only from the provided compressor 32 to the four-way valve 26.

The above-mentioned fifth check valve 44, four-way valve 26, accumulator 31, and compressor 32 are sequentially connected by refrigerant piping, and one end thereof is connected between the first on-off valve 33 and the outdoor heat exchanger 34, and the other end thereof is connected between the third check valve 25 and the four-way valve 26 to form a pump down circuit.

48 is a second on-off valve 36, a thermally driven heat transfer block 24,
An oil purge circuit installed in parallel to the refrigerant circuit connected to the third on-off valve 38, one end of which is connected between the outdoor heat exchanger 34 of the refrigerant pipe 37 and the second on-off valve 36, and the other end of the refrigerant pipe connected to the refrigerant circuit. 42 between the third on-off valve 38 and the fourth check valve 39.

49 is a blower provided in the outdoor heat exchanger 34.

In this configuration, operations related to heating operation will be explained first.

Prior to combustion in the burner, the four-way valve 26 is switched in the direction of the solid line in FIG. A pump-down operation is performed in which the refrigerant of No. 34 is recovered into the heating circuit via a pump-down circuit of the fifth check valve 44, the four-way valve 26, the accumulator 31, the compressor 32, and the sixth check valve 46.

With a predetermined amount of refrigerant secured in the heating circuit, the compressor 32 is stopped due to combustion in the burner, and heating operation is performed. Burner 2
The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant heated in the refrigerant heater 20 by the combustion of 9 passes through the refrigerant pipe 21 and enters the gas-liquid separator 17 from the two-phase refrigerant population 22, and the gas refrigerant outlet pipe 23 is heated by the pressure of the evaporated refrigerant. The gas refrigerant flows through the third check valve 25,
The four-way valve 26 (in the solid line direction in the figure) flows into the indoor heat exchanger through the refrigerant pipe 28. Here, heat is radiated and liquefied by the operation of the blower 30, and the liquid refrigerant becomes a supercooled liquid refrigerant that passes through the refrigerant pipe 15, passes through the first check valve 13, and remains in the receiver section 12 when the pressure introduction valve 11 is closed. The gas refrigerant that was being used is condensed by the supercooled liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant flows in.

After that, by opening the pressure introduction valve 11, the refrigerant heater 20
The evaporation pressure generated by heating and evaporating the liquid refrigerant is applied to the receiver part 2 through the refrigerant piping 21, and the liquid refrigerant that has already flown is passed through the second check valve 16 and transferred to the gas-liquid separator 1.
7, the liquid refrigerant is sent to the refrigerant heater 20 through the liquid outflow pipe 19, and is heated and evaporated by the combustion heat of the burner. Circulation takes place and the heating cycle repeats.

In this way, the heating operation is performed by repeatedly opening and closing the pressure introduction valve 11 without operating the compressor 32, and by increasing the pressure of the refrigerant heated and evaporated by the combustion heat of the burner 29, and heat is sent indoors without the power of the bomb press. This is a thermally driven type of heat transport.

During this heating operation, if a large amount of refrigerating machine oil for lubricating the mechanical parts of the compressor 32 taken out from the compressor 32 during cooling operation etc. enters the heating circuit, the oil and gas refrigerant are separated in the gas-liquid separator 17 during the heating operation. Because of the separation effect, the thermally driven heat transfer block 24 is particularly useful in the heating circuit.
Most of the refrigerating machine oil that enters the heating circuit from the gas-liquid separator 17 in the refrigerant heater 20 becomes unevenly distributed. This unevenly distributed large amount of refrigerant oil greatly increases the viscosity of the refrigerant, so it is necessary to prevent a decrease in system reliability due to local overheating and thermal decomposition of the refrigerant due to a decrease in the natural circulation amount of the refrigerant in the refrigerant heater 20. be.

In particular, since the refrigerating machine oil dissolves in a large amount in the liquid refrigerant, it is present in the liquid refrigerant portion of the gas-liquid separator 17 or the refrigerant heater 20.

Therefore, in order to return the oil in the heating circuit to the compressor 32, the high pressure in the heating circuit immediately after the heating is stopped is used to transport the refrigerator oil together with the liquid refrigerant through the oil barge circuit 48 by opening the third on-off valve 38. When the compressor 32 is operated, the fifth check valve 44, the four-way valve 26 (in the solid line direction in the figure), the accumulator 31, and the compressor 3 are discharged to the outdoor heat exchanger 34 side.
2. Only the refrigerant is returned to the heating circuit via the pump-down circuit of the sixth check valve 46, and the refrigerating machine oil is recovered to the compressor 32. Here, in order to improve recovery of the refrigerating machine oil, the oil flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 34 from the upper connection port on the upper side and is sucked out from the lower connection port on the lower side.
This prevents the liquid from accumulating within the range 4.

In this way, the refrigerating machine oil is returned to the compressor and the concentration of refrigerating machine oil in the heating circuit is reduced, which not only achieves stable heating operation, but also guarantees the amount of refrigerating machine oil in the compressor and increases the Failures can be prevented and a highly reliable system can be guaranteed.

Next, the cooling operation will be explained.

During cooling operation, the four-way valve 26 is switched in the direction of the broken line in the figure, the first on-off valve 33, the second on-off valve 36, and the third on-off valve 38 are opened, and the compressor 32 is operated to discharge gas refrigerant at high temperature and high pressure. The heat is led to the outdoor heat exchanger 34 through the first on-off valve 33 and the refrigerant pipe 35, and is radiated to the outdoor atmosphere by the operation of the blower 49 to be liquefied. Conveyance block 24, third on-off valve 3
8 and the oil purge circuit 48 to enter the fourth check valve 39, strainer 40, and pressure reducing device 41. The pressure is reduced by this pressure reducing device, and the refrigerant becomes a low-pressure refrigerant, which enters the indoor heat exchanger 14. By operating the blower 30, it absorbs heat from the indoor air and performs a cooling action. 26, the refrigerant returns from the accumulation lake 31 to the compressor 32 through the refrigerant pipe 43. In this way, the cooling operation is a refrigeration cycle performed by operating the compressor.

By the way, the refrigerant heating heating/cooling device of the present invention performs heat-driven heat transfer during heating operation, and in order to guarantee this heat-driven heat transfer, a large amount of heat is required after condensation and liquefaction in the indoor heat exchanger It is important to obtain supercooled liquid, and this degree of supercooling needs to be greater than that of conventional heat pump air conditioners or refrigerant heating heating systems using compressor operation.
Therefore, a large amount of refrigerant is required in the heating circuit for heating operation.

Therefore, the amount of refrigerant during heating is greater than the amount of refrigerant required for cooling operation, and during cooling operation, the cooling capacity may be reduced due to excess refrigerant, and equipment may be damaged due to liquid compression due to liquid refrigerant being sucked into the compressor. Prevention is key.

In the refrigerant heating/heating machine of the present invention, excess refrigerant during cooling is transferred to the receiver section 12 of the thermally driven DB delivery block 4 constituting the heating circuit, and the liquid refrigerant condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 34 by the above-described refrigerant circuit configuration. The gas-liquid separator 17 and the refrigerant heater 20 are accommodated as a liquid refrigerant storage section, and the ability and reliability of cooling operation can be guaranteed without particularly providing a new liquid refrigerant storage section.

In addition, excess refrigerant during cooling is stored in the thermally driven heat transfer block that makes up the heating circuit, so even when switching from cooling to heating operation, there is a large amount of refrigerant in the heating circuit, causing it to accumulate in the cooling circuit. The refrigerant stored in the outdoor heat exchanger is the refrigerant stored in the outdoor heat exchanger, and pump-down operation that recovers this refrigerant into the heating circuit is easy because it requires a small amount of refrigerant to be pumped, and can be performed in a short time. The effect is that it takes only a short time to start operation.

Furthermore, since the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor during cooling does not pass through the four-way valve 26 but only passes through the first on-off valve 33, pressure loss to the outdoor heat exchanger can be reduced, thereby improving cooling efficiency.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment, in which a second on-off valve 36,
A seventh oil purge circuit 48 is installed in parallel with the refrigerant circuit to which the heat-driven heat transfer block 24 and the third on-off valve 38 are connected. A check valve 50 is provided.

Due to this seventh check valve, the entire amount of the liquid refrigerant condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 34 during cooling flows to the heat-driven heat transfer block 24, so that the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 34 is not completely condensed and the gas refrigerant Even in the case of a two-phase state where a liquid refrigerant is mixed, the gas refrigerant and liquid refrigerant are separated by the gas-liquid separator 17, and the pressure reducing device 4
1 is supplied with liquid refrigerant, which has the effect of allowing stable cooling operation with less deterioration of cooling capacity.

Effects of the Invention According to the refrigerant heating heating/cooling machine of the present invention, (1) Combustion heating operation can be performed stably by recovering the refrigerating machine oil mixed into the heating circuit into the compressor through the oil purge circuit. , further guarantees the oil in the compressor and improves system reliability.

(2) During heating operation, the amount of refrigerant for heating is guaranteed by pumping refrigerant into the heating circuit using a pump-down circuit connected to the outdoor heat exchanger, allowing stable heating operation.

(3) During cooling operation, excess refrigerant due to the difference in the amount of cold soot required for cooling and heating is stored in the heat-driven heat transfer block that constitutes the heating circuit, so that the ability and reliability of cooling operation can be guaranteed.

(4) Excess refrigerant during cooling is stored in the heat-driven heat transfer block of the heating circuit, so when switching to heating operation, the amount of refrigerant that must be pumped into the heating circuit is small, shortening pump-down time and making it easy. It has the effect of instantly heating the room.

(5) During cooling, pressure loss from the compressor to the outdoor heat exchanger can be reduced, improving cooling operation efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of a refrigerant heating heating/cooling machine showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 3 is a configuration of a conventional heating/cooling machine. It is a diagram. 10...Receiver with pressure introduction valve, 13...
...First check valve, 14...Indoor heat exchanger, 16
...Second check valve, 17... Gas-liquid separator, 20... Refrigerant heater, 23...
Gas refrigerant outlet pipe, 24... Heat-driven heat transfer block, 25... Third check valve, 26...
Four-way valve, 31... Accumulator, 32...
...Compressor, 33...First on-off valve, 34.
...Outdoor heat exchanger, 36...Second on-off valve, 38...Third on-off valve, 39...Fourth
Check valve, 41... pressure reducing device, 44... fifth
Check valve, 46...6th check valve, 48.old...oil purge circuit, 50...7th check valve. Name of agent: Patent attorney Shigetaka Awano (1 person)

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A thermally driven heat transfer block consisting of a first check valve, a receiver with a pressure introduction valve, a second check valve gas-liquid separator, and a refrigerant heater is provided, and a gas refrigerant outlet pipe of the gas-liquid separator;
A heating circuit in which a third check valve, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, and the first check valve are connected in sequence, an accumulator, a compressor, a first on-off valve, and an outdoor device in which one end of the connection port is connected to the four-way valve. The heat exchanger, the second on-off valve, and the heat-driven heat transfer block are sequentially communicated, the third on-off valve, the fourth check valve, and one end of the connection port are sequentially communicated with the pressure reducing device, and the first reverse A cooling circuit connected to a branch pipe between the stop valve and the indoor heat exchanger, the fifth check valve, the four-way valve, the accumulator, and the compressor are connected in sequence, and the other side of the fifth check valve is connected to the cooling circuit connected to the branch pipe between the stop valve and the indoor heat exchanger. One end communicates between the first on-off valve and the outdoor heat exchanger, one end on the sixth check valve side communicates between the first on-off valve and the compressor, and the other end communicates with the third check valve. A pump down circuit communicating between the valve and the four-way valve, a branch pipe provided between the second on-off valve and the outdoor heat exchanger, and between the third on-off valve and the fourth check valve. A refrigerant heating heating/cooling machine consisting of an oil purge circuit connected to a branch pipe. (2) The second on-off valve is connected to the receiver part of the receiver with the pressure introduction valve of the heat-driven heat transfer block, and the third on-off valve is connected to the liquid refrigerant part in the gas-liquid separator or the refrigerant heater. The refrigerant heating heating/cooling machine according to item 1. (3) The refrigerant heating heating/cooling machine according to claim 1, wherein a seventh check valve is provided in the oil purge circuit in a direction that allows flow from the third on-off valve toward the outdoor heat exchanger.