JPH0264368A - heat pump equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention uses a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and by composition separation,
This invention relates to an improvement in a heat pump device that stores high-boiling point refrigerant and changes its composition.

Conventional technology We have developed a third heat pump device that uses a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant and stores a high boiling point refrigerant through composition separation to vary the composition.
We are proposing a device as shown in the figure. In Figure 3,
1 is a compressor, 2 is a condenser, 3 is a main throttling device, and 4 is an evaporator, which are connected by piping to form a main circuit. Reference numeral 5 denotes a rectification separator filled with a filler, the upper part of which is connected to the outlet of the condenser 2 through a pipe 8 and to the evaporator 4 through an auxiliary throttling device 7, respectively. Further, a reservoir 8 is disposed at the bottom of the rectification separator 5, the bottom of which is connected to the sub-throttle device 7 via an on-off valve 9, and a heater 10 is provided inside the reservoir 8.

A method of enclosing a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant in such an apparatus and varying the composition will be described. First, when operating with the composition of the sealed mixed refrigerant unchanged (no separation mode), by turning off the heating heater 10, the reservoir 8
The surplus refrigerant is simply stored, and when the on-off valve 9 is closed, it is stored as is, and when it is opened, it is stored and some of it is transferred to the sub-throttle device 7.
Since the refrigerant only flows out to the evaporator 4 via the evaporator 4, the main circuit operates with the composition of the mixed refrigerant rich in high-boiling refrigerant sealed therein.

Next, when storing high boiling point refrigerant and operating with a composition rich in low boiling point refrigerant (separation mode), when the on-off valve 9 is closed and the heating heater 10 is turned on, the refrigerant inside the reservoir 8 is mainly The low boiling point refrigerant is vaporized and rises inside the rectification separator 5. At this time, liquid refrigerant is supplied from the outlet of the condenser 2 via the pipe 6, and is rectified by gas-liquid contact inside the rectification separator 5. As a result, the rising gas increases the concentration of low-boiling point refrigerant, and conversely, the descending liquid increases the concentration of high-boiling point refrigerant, and the high-boiling point refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 8 in the form of condensate. . On the other hand, since the rising gas rich in low-boiling point refrigerant flows into the evaporator 4 via the sub-throttle device 7, the main circuit can be operated with a composition rich in low-boiling point refrigerant.

This type of composition-variable heat pump device is applied, for example, to a water heater.During normal use, in order to obtain high-temperature water, it must be operated with a high-boiling-point refrigerant-rich composition and store hot water in as short a time as possible. In some cases, it is possible to operate with a composition rich in low-boiling refrigerants with high heating capacity.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the heat pump device as described above, since a heating heater is used to cause a rectification action, energy efficiency is low when changing the composition.

That is, the heat (1) heated by the heater is only used to generate gas for the rectification action, and, for example, heat is not recovered to the hot water supply side, resulting in a decrease in the coefficient of performance. Additionally, when a switching valve is added to the heat pump device described above to make it possible to switch the flow direction of refrigerant from the compressor and the discharge gas of the compressor is used as a heating source, the heating capacity decreases and the coefficient of performance decreases. was. Furthermore, these devices have the disadvantage that refrigerant gas flowing out from the upper part of the rectification separator is introduced into the evaporator, increasing pressure loss in the evaporator.

The heat pump device of the present invention can reliably perform rectification separation during both heating and cooling operations, and maintains high heating capacity and coefficient of performance during heating operation without loss of heat due to gas generation for rectification separation. The present invention provides a heat pump device that obtains a heat pump.

Means for Solving the Problems In the heat pump device of the present invention, a compressor, a four-way valve, a user-side heat exchanger, a main throttling device, and a heat source-side heat exchanger are sequentially connected via piping to form a main circuit, and a heater The upper part of the rectification separator is connected to the lower part of the rectification separator, and the upper part of the rectification separator is connected to the outlet of the heater and the piping between the compressor and the four-way valve, and the inlet of the heater is connected to the outlet of the heater and the pipe between the compressor and the four-way valve. It is characterized by being connected to the piping between the valves.

Effect of the present invention Due to the above-mentioned groove bottom, in the separation mode, a part of the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor flows into the heater, heats the liquid refrigerant stored in the reservoir, and self-discharges. It condenses and flows into the upper part of the rectification separator. On the other hand, the gas generated in the reservoir rises in the rectification separator, performs a rectification action with the descending liquid refrigerant, and converts the low boiling point refrigerant in the rising gas into 7
The energy of the discharged gas does not decrease as the temperature rises to 2 degrees Celsius and returns to the discharge piping, allowing rectification and separation without reducing the capacity during heating operation. Furthermore, since the generated gas does not pass through a heat exchanger that serves as an evaporator, an increase in pressure loss can be prevented and the coefficient of performance can be maintained high. Furthermore, rectification separation can be performed reliably in the same manner during cooling operation.

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the components of an embodiment of the heat pump device of the present invention, in which 11 is a compressor, 12 is a discharge pipe, 13 is a four-way valve, 1
4 is a user side heat exchanger, 15 is a main throttling device, and 16 is a heat source side heat exchanger, which are connected in order through piping to form the main circuit of the refrigeration cycle. 17 is a rectification separator filled with filler, 18
19 is a storage device, and 19 is a heater, the inlet of which is connected to the upstream side of the discharge pipe 12 via an on-off valve 20. Further, the outlet of the heater 19 is connected to the upper part of the rectification separator 17. Further, the upper part of the rectification separator 17 is connected to the downstream side of the discharge pipe 12 via a check valve 21.

Further, the piping between the user-side heat exchanger 14 and the main throttle device 15 and the reservoir 18 are connected via an on-off valve 22 and a sub-throttle device 23, and the main throttle device 15 and the heat source-side heat exchanger 1
6 is connected to the reservoir 18 via an on-off valve 24 and an auxiliary throttling device 25.

A method of operating such a heat pump device during heating operation in which a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is sealed will be described. At this time, the refrigerant flows in the direction of the solid arrow in FIG. First, in the no-separation mode, by closing the on-off valve 20 and opening the on-off valves 22 and 24, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas that exits the compressor 11 is prevented from flowing into the heater 19 by the check valve 21, and all the gas is removed from the four-way valve. 13 and flows into the user-side heat exchanger 14, where it radiates heat and is liquefied and condensed. A part of this liquid refrigerant flows into the reservoir 18 through the on-off valve 22 and the sub-throttle device 23, and flows into the main circuit through the sub-throttling device 25 and the on-off valve 24 while being temporarily stored. On the other hand, the remaining refrigerant condensed in the heat exchanger 14 on the user side is depressurized in the main throttling device 15, and the on-off valve 2
It joins with the refrigerant flowing in from 4 and enters the heat source side heat exchanger 16, where it absorbs heat from the heat source, vaporizes, and is sucked into the compressor 11 again through the four-way valve 13. By doing this, the main circuit can be operated with the composition of the enclosed refrigerant mixture rich in high boiling point refrigerant.

Next, in the mode with separation, the on-off valve 20 is opened and the on-off valve 2 is opened.
2. Close 23.

By doing this, a part of the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 11 passes through the on-off valve 20 and flows into the heater 19, heating and vaporizing the liquid refrigerant stored in the reservoir 18, while self-evaporating. It condenses and flows into the upper part of the rectification separator 17. On the other hand, the gas generated in the reservoir 18 rises in the rectification separator 17, and rectification occurs due to gas-liquid contact with the descending liquid refrigerant on the filling, and the rising gas has an increased concentration of low boiling point refrigerant. Conversely, as the liquid descends, the concentration of high-boiling refrigerant increases,
The high boiling point refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 18 in the form of condensate. On the other hand, the rising gas rich in low boiling point refrigerant passes through the check valve 21 and returns to the discharge pipe, so that the main circuit can be operated with a mixed refrigerant composition rich in low boiling point refrigerant.

At this time, the amount of heat required for gas generation flows to the user-side heat exchanger 14 without being lost, and no reduction in heating capacity occurs. Furthermore, since the on-off valves 22 and 24 are closed, the generated gas does not flow into the heat source side heat exchanger 16, which serves as an evaporator, so there is no increase in pressure loss and the coefficient of performance can be maintained high. .

Note that to restore the composition of the main circuit to its original state, close the on-off valve 20 and open the on-off valves 22 and 24, so that a portion of the liquid refrigerant from the user-side heat exchanger 14 flows through the on-off valve 22 and the sub-throttling device 23. The high-boiling point refrigerant that is stored in the reservoir 18 flows through the sub-throttle device 25 and the on-off valve 24 into the heat source side heat exchanger 16, and the main circuit is filled with high-boiling point refrigerant in an enclosed state. This is the composition of the mixed refrigerant.

Next, the operating method during cooling operation will be explained.

At this time, the refrigerant flows in the direction of the dashed arrow. At this time as well, the main circuit composition can be varied by operating the on-off valves in the same way as during heating operation.

First, in the non-separation mode, the on-off valve 20 is closed, and the on-off valve 22 is closed.
．． 24, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas leaving the compressor 11 passes through the four-way valve 13, flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 16, and is liquefied and condensed. A part of this liquid refrigerant passes through the on-off valve 24 and the sub-throttle device 25 and flows into the reservoir 18, where it is temporarily stored while flowing into the main circuit through the sub-throttle device 23 and the on-off valve 22. It joins with the refrigerant from 15, enters the user-side heat exchanger 14, vaporizes, passes through the four-way valve 13, and is sucked into the compressor 11 again. By doing this, the main circuit can be operated with the composition of the enclosed refrigerant mixture rich in high boiling point refrigerant.

Next, in the separation mode, the on-off valve 20 is opened and the on-off valve 2 is opened.
2. Close 23. By doing this, the concentration of low boiling point refrigerant in the gas rising through the rectification separator 17 increases in exactly the same manner as during heating operation, and the high boiling point refrigerant is stored in the storage device 8 in the form of condensate. Then, the rising gas rich in low boiling point refrigerant passes through the check valve 21 and returns to the discharge pipe, so that the main circuit can be operated with a mixed refrigerant composition rich in low boiling point refrigerant. At this time, the on-off valves 22 and 24 are closed, so the generated gas is transferred to the user-side heat exchanger 1, which serves as an evaporator.
4, so there is no increase in pressure loss and no decrease in the coefficient of performance.

In this embodiment, the sub-throttle device 23, 25, etc. are added so that the reservoir 18 has an intermediate pressure between high pressure and low pressure in the non-separation mode during both heating and cooling operation, but this is not limited to this. The present invention also includes a configuration that does not include a sub-throttle device because it may be operated at low pressure or low pressure.

In addition, in this embodiment, the reservoir 18 and the main circuit are connected to the on-off valve 22.
．． 24 and the sub-throttle devices 23 and 25, one side may be connected to the upper part of the rectification separator 17 and the main circuit, and the same operation is possible in this case as well.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the heat pump device of the present invention, in which components having the same functions as those described in the embodiment of FIG. 1 are denoted by the same numbers. Here, the discharge pipe 12, the heater 19, the rectification separator 17, and the discharge pipe 1
2 are connected to each other via on-off valves 29 and 30, and an auxiliary heat exchanger 26 is provided on the piping connecting the heater 19 and the rectification separator 17. In addition, the bottom of the reservoir 18 is connected to the on-off valve 2.
7 and is connected to the suction side piping of the compressor 11 between the compressor 11 and the four-way valve 13 via the sub-throttle device 28.

In such a heat pump device, a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is sealed and the operation method during heating and cooling operation is as shown in Fig. 1 by closing the on-off valve 27 in the separation mode and opening the on-off valve 29 and 30. It can be operated with the same effect as the embodiment described above.

In particular, in this embodiment, since the discharged gas that has not been sufficiently condensed in the heater 19 can be further condensed in the auxiliary heat exchanger 26, the liquid refrigerant can be reliably supplied from the upper part of the rectification separator 17. , stable rectification action can be performed. In addition, heat dissipation by the auxiliary heat exchanger can reduce the load on the heat exchanger, which serves as a condenser, especially during cooling operation, and can lower high pressure, thereby further improving the coefficient of performance.

In the non-separation mode, on-off valve 27 is opened, on-off valve 29.
Make 30 a leap. By doing so, all of the high temperature and high pressure discharged gas leaving the compressor 11 will flow into the four-way valve 13. In addition, the high boiling point refrigerant liquid stored in the storage device 18 passes through the on-off valve 27, is depressurized by the sub-throttle device 28, is sucked into the compressor 11, and circulates through the main circuit. The refrigerant composition can be returned to a mixed refrigerant composition rich in high-boiling refrigerants. Note that if the on-off valve 27 is left idle after the main circuit composition is returned to a mixed refrigerant composition rich in high boiling point refrigerant, the on-off valve 29 does not need to be provided, and this is also included in the present invention. It is something that can be done.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above explanation, the heat pump device of the present invention connects the compressor, four-way valve, user-side heat exchanger, main throttling device, heat source-side heat exchanger, etc. with piping to form a main circuit. The upper part of the rectifying separator is connected to the outlet of the heater and the piping between the compressor and the four-way valve, and the inlet of the heater is connected to the lower part of the rectifying separator. Since it is connected to the piping between the compressor and the four-way valve, in the separation mode, the gas rich in low boiling point refrigerant generated using the discharge gas as a heating source and rising in the rectification separator can be returned to the discharge piping. As a result, there is no loss of capacity during heating operation.
Furthermore, since it is possible to prevent an increase in pressure loss in the heat exchanger serving as the evaporator, it is possible to vary the composition of the main circuit while maintaining a high coefficient of performance.

Additionally, if an on-off valve or check valve is installed between the upper part of the rectification separator and the discharge pipe, the refrigerant gas leaving the compressor will not flow into the heater in the no-separation mode, so it will function as a condenser. There is no reduction in the amount of heat released by the heat exchanger.

In addition, if at least one of the reservoir or rectification separator is connected to the main circuit via an on-off valve, sub-throttle device, etc.
In the non-separation mode, the liquid refrigerant in the reservoir can be reliably flowed out to the main circuit by operating the on-off valve.

In addition, if an auxiliary heat exchanger is installed on the piping connecting the heater and the rectification separator, the discharged gas that was not sufficiently condensed in the heater can be further condensed in the auxiliary heat exchanger, so that the liquid The refrigerant can be reliably supplied from the upper part of the rectification separator, and a stable rectification action can be performed. Moreover, it exhibits great practical effects, such as being able to improve the coefficient of performance, especially during cooling operation.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a heat pump device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a heat pump device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a conventional heat pump device. It is. 11...Compressor, 12...Discharge piping, 17...
... Rectification separator, 18 ... Reservoir, 19 ... Heater, 20.22.24.27.29.30 ... Opening/closing valve, 21 ... Check valve, 26... Auxiliary heat exchanger. Name of agent: Patent attorney Shigetaka Kurino
Hill a, */2- Discharge pipe/8--- Volume ga'w Figure 2/l--Yichengai Ao 12-11 Discharge pipe/3--W dirty juice/7-- -Saitome 1 unit 18--z storage" 翫/9- Heater 27, 29. ．． 30 --- 7SF5 Closed valve 2
g---excellent length and narrow number, 4--1 subnumber 9ga l

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is sealed, a compressor, a four-way valve, a user-side heat exchanger, a main throttling device, and a heat source-side heat exchanger are connected via piping in order to form a main circuit, and a heater is installed. The upper part of the rectification separator, which connects the reservoir to its lower part, is connected to the heater outlet and the piping between the compressor and the four-way valve, and the heater inlet is connected between the compressor and the four-way valve. A heat pump device characterized in that it is connected to piping. (2) An on-off valve or a check valve is provided in the middle of a pipe whose one end is connected to the upper part of the rectifying separator and the other end is connected to a pipe between the compressor and the four-way valve. heat pump equipment (3) The heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of a reservoir or a rectification separator is connected to the main circuit via an on-off valve. (4) The heat pump device according to claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary heat exchanger provided on a pipe connecting the heater and the rectification separator.