JPH0281098A - envelope generator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a musical tone creation device for an electronic musical instrument that creates a musical tone by controlling a musical tone signal based on an envelope waveform consisting of a plurality of steps.

[Prior Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Conventionally, in musical tone creation devices for electronic musical instruments of this type, a late value indicating the degree of inclination of each step (each broken line) of the envelope and a late value indicating the degree of inclination of that step, An envelope waveform is formed based on a stop value indicating the reaching point of the level, and the envelope waveform and a musical tone signal are multiplied, for example, to create a musical tone signal.

However, the shape of the envelope of each step is
It is fixed to either a linear or non-linear function for all steps, and it is necessary to set the function for each step, for example, the first step is a straight line, the second It was not possible to select any function and set it individually for each step, such as a non-linear function such as an exponential function.

Therefore, for example, in a musical sound waveform creating device such as a synthesizer, there is a problem in that it is difficult to create a musical sound waveform with an audible and desirable envelope desired by the user.

[Purpose of the Invention] This invention was made to solve the above problem, and it is possible to arbitrarily specify the envelope function of each step to be a straight line or various non-linear functions. An object of the present invention is to provide a musical tone creation device for an electronic musical instrument that is capable of creating a musical tone with an aurally preferable envelope.

[Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention stores a stop value and a rate value for each step of an envelope waveform consisting of a plurality of steps in an envelope data storage means. A function designation signal for designating a function for each step in each step and step unit is stored in a function designation signal storage means, and a calculation means is performed based on the stop value, rate value, and function designation signal respectively read from the re-storage means. The main point is that the envelope value is calculated in the step 1, and the musical tone signal is envelope-controlled based on this envelope value.

The function designation signal storage means shall store a function designation signal for designating the function for each step of the envelope waveform as either a straight line, an upwardly convex exponential function, or a downwardly convex exponential function. The main point is

Furthermore, the musical tone generating means can generate multiple musical tones simultaneously from multiple channels in a time-division manner, and the envelope data storage means and the function designation signal storage means can generate stop values, rate values, and function designation signals in a time-division manner, respectively. The calculation means stores the envelope data for each time-division channel based on the stop value, rate value, and function designation signal read from the envelope data storage means and the function designation signal storage means for each time-division channel. The main point is that the value is calculated.

[Example] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Overall Circuit Configuration> First, the overall circuit configuration of the musical tone creation device for an electronic musical instrument according to this embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, and 4.

In Fig. 1, the A input terminal of multiplexer 1 has 24b i t which is the value of each step of the envelope, that is, the level value representing the reaching point of the level.
data AT is input, and the other B input terminal is a 24-bit data representing the rate/<rue of each step, that is, the degree of slope.
Data AQ of t is input. Also, this 24-bit multiplexer 1 is given a clock signal XB that takes a value of "1' only in section B out of four sections A, B, C, and D obtained by dividing one section of each time division channel into four. Ru.

The output from the multiplexer 1 is added to the A input terminal of the 24-bit adder/subtractor 2, and the 24-bit data AC representing the current envelope value is supplied to the other B input terminal.

The output of the adder/subtractor 2 is latched by the 24-bit flip-flop 3 at the rising edge of the clock signal
(see figure), the output AN from the flip-flop 3 is set as the new current envelope value AC of each step at a stage where the envelope value of each step has not yet reached the stop value AT of that step. The envelope value AC is then supplied to the adder/subtracter 2, where the calculations described below are carried out. The output from the flip-flop 3 is applied to the B input terminal of a 16-bit comparator 4, and is also supplied to a non-linear conversion circuit 5 comprising, for example, an index ROM, which performs 16-bit linear-to-nonlinear conversion.

The multiplexer 6 has a 16-bit configuration, and when the applied shape control signal SEL is "l", the non-linear conversion circuit 5
The 16-bit output from the multiplier 7 is supplied to the X input terminal of the multiplier 7. Further, when the shape control signal SEL is "0", the output of the flip-flop 3 is selectively supplied as is to the X input terminal of the multiplier 7 without passing through the non-linear conversion circuit 5.

The flag signal FLG from the adder/subtractor 2 is latched by the 1-bit two-lip flop 8 at the rising edge of the aforementioned clock signal XB. The output of the flip-flop 8 is supplied to the adder/subtractor 2 as a sign code SGN through an inverter 9, an OR game 10, and a NAND game 11.

The OR gate 10 receives a clock signal NXB which takes a value of "MO" only in section B in the above-mentioned one cycle, and the clock signal NXA which takes a value of "0" only in a similar section A enters the NAND gate 11. It is applied.

The output from the flip-flop 8 is applied to the exclusive OR gate 12 together with the output from the converter 4.

Further, a storage means such as a register or RAM stores a shape designation signal for specifying the shape of the envelope for each step, for example, whether it is a straight line or a non-linear shape, and the storage means The shape designation signal SEL read from the input signal SEL is applied to the multiplexer 6.

For example, musical sound waveform data WD in a coded 16-bit (two's complement) format is latched by the 16-bit flip-flop 13 at the rising edge of the clock signal xC (
(see FIG. 3), and is further added to the Y input terminal of the multiplier 7,
The signal multiplied by the output signal from multiplexer 6 applied from the X input terminal is 16-bit musical waveform data TN.
is output as Here, the tone waveform data WD is a tone signal read out from a tone signal generator (not shown) such as a tone waveform memory.

FIG. 4 is a memory format diagram for explaining 16-bit data R3 (0:15) stored in a storage medium that stores envelope data for each step. RAM for each timing of each time division channel
, 16-bit data R3 (0
:15) is read out. Then, this data R3(0
:15), the lower 7 bits of data R3 (0:6) are:
It is expanded to 24-bit data AQ (0: 23). Similarly, 7-bit data R3 (8:14) from the 8th bit to the 14th bit of data R3 (0:15)
is expanded to 24-bit data (lower 8 bits are all “0”) AT (0: 23).

Also, here, the 7th in the above data R3 (0:15)
The bit-th data R3 (7) is a bit as a shape designation signal SEL that designates the shape of the envelope for each step, for example, whether it is a straight line or a non-straight line.
For example, here, when "1", the non-linear
When it is "0", a straight line is specified.

Operation> The operation of the embodiment having the above configuration will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

” The current envelope value AC read from the two consecutive registers or RAM etc. is determined as the result of calculation by the adder/subtractor 2 in sections A and B, which are obtained by dividing one section of each time-division channel into four as shown in FIG. There is. The stop value AT of each step of the envelope is determined in sections A and C shown in FIG. 3, and the late value AQ is determined in section B, also shown in FIG. Further, the musical waveform data WD generated by the musical tone signal generating section is fixed at least in section B,
Furthermore, R3 (7), which is the shape designation signal mentioned above, is also determined in sections A, B, and C.

First, in section A, the clock pulse NAX, which is all 1'' except for section A, generates a sign code (pi)SGN.
is added to the adder/subtractor 2, and as shown in FIG.
When performing a comparison operation called AC, that is, determining whether the direction of the envelope is upward or downward in the current step and creating a new envelope value AN in the next section B, the late value AQ is set as the current envelope value. A decision is being made as to whether to add or subtract from AC. Therefore, the adder/subtractor 2 functions as a determining means for determining whether the current envelope value is increasing or decreasing.

In section A, the flag signal FLG from the adder/subtractor 2 is
When the value is "0", the sign code bit 5GN is turned "On" through the flip-flop 3, inverter 9, OR gate 1o and NAND gate ll, and the adder/subtracter 2
When the value of the flag signal FLG is "1", the sign code bit 5GN becomes "1" and is added to the adder/subtractor 2.

Subtraction AQ-AC is performed, that is, since the step direction is downward, the envelope value AC is subtracted from the rate value AQ.

The comparator 4 calculates that the next new envelope value AN as a result of the calculation by the adder/subtractor 2 in the interval C is the stop value AT at that step.
It is to judge whether the reached value has been reached or not, and as mentioned above, the lower 8 bits of the stop value AT, which is 24 bit data, are all O'', so
It is sufficient to compare the 0th bit to the 15th bit, and the operation is simplified.

FIG. 5 shows the adder/subtractor 2 in the above sections B and C.
, is an operation explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the comparator 4. FIG. When the flag signal FLG="0", that is, the current envelope value AC is less than the stop value AT,
In other words, when AC<AT, the direction of the envelope is upward, and in section B, adder/subtractor 2 performs addition AC+AQ, and in the next section C, comparator 4 calculates the result and the envelope mAN is greater than or equal to the stop value AT. ,
In other words, if it is determined that AN≧AT, the comparator 4
outputs the value RCH="1"' to the exclusive OR data) 13. Then, now the flag signal FLG=
Since it is "0", the output signal from the flip-flop 8 is also "0", and the exclusive OR gate 12 outputs a value of CHN2"l". Conversely, when the flag signal FLG is "1", that is, the current envelope value AC is greater than or equal to the stop value AT, that is, AC≧A
When T, the direction of the envelope is downward, the adder/subtractor 2 performs subtraction AC-AQ in section B, and when the comparator 4 determines that AN≧AT in one section C, RCH="
Therefore, the exclusive-jib OR gate 12 outputs the value CHN="1".In other words, when the direction of the envelope is upward, only when the envelope value AN≧stop Value AT
When it becomes, CHN="1" is output, and when the direction of the envelope is downward, CHN="1" is output when AN<AT for the first time.Then, in the next section, The contents of the current envelope value AC are rewritten and returned to the stop value AT, which is the attainment point of the level of that step, and then the envelope is advanced to the next step.In other words, as long as CHN does not become "1", it is still the current value. Since the value of the envelope value AN, which is the calculation result of , has not reached the level reached at that step, the calculation applied to that step is repeated, and CHN="
When the value reaches 1", proceed to the next step.

In addition, the multiplexer 6 has R as shown in FIG.
Since the shape designation signal SEL shown in 5(7) is applied, in this embodiment, when 5EL="1", a non-linear shape is designated, and the multiplexer 6 outputs the non-linear shape via the non-linear conversion circuit 5. 1. For example, the shape of an upwardly convex exponential function,
Alternatively, an envelope value in the shape of a downwardly convex exponential function is output and supplied to the X terminal of the multiplier 7. On the contrary, SEL;“
O”, a straight line shape is specified, and multiplexer 6
A linear envelope value that does not pass through the non-linear conversion circuit 5 is outputted from , and is also supplied to the X terminal of the multiplier 7 . That is, in the multiplexer 6, an envelope waveform is created based on the shape designation signal SEL.

On the other hand, the musical sound waveform data WD latched by the flip-flop 13 is input to the Y terminal of the multiplier 7 and multiplied by the envelope value input to the X terminal (see section C in FIGS. 2 and 3), and the shape Depending on the value of the designated signal SEL,
Tone waveform data TN in which the shape of the envelope for each step follows an envelope waveform determined for each step.
will be output from the multiplier 7.

As described above, according to the above embodiment, the data value "1"' of the shape designation signal SEL stored in advance in the storage means is
or 'O'', the shape of the envelope for each step can be individually designated for each step, so it is possible to obtain a musical tone signal based on an audibly preferable envelope depending on the setting of the shape designation signal SEL. .

Further, in the above embodiment, envelope data (envelope data values such as level data, rate data, key-off points, etc.) corresponding to each step is stored in a storage medium such as RAM for a plurality of channels, and the shape designation signal SEL described above is also Similar RA with memory for multiple channels
Since a storage medium such as M is provided and the envelope data and shape designation signal SEL are read out from one storage medium for each time-division channel, not only for each step, but also for each step.
Envelope values having a desired shape can be obtained for each time-division channel. Then, musical waveform data W generated from the musical tone signal generator based on this envelope value.
By envelope-controlling D, musical tone signals with different tones can be obtained for each sound generation channel.

Therefore, when the present invention is applied to a musical tone creation device for an electronic keyboard instrument, for example, eight musical tone channels are divided and assigned to four channels of upper mts and four channels of lower mu. The lower keyboard has a key split function that produces musical sound signals with different envelope shapes for each step, that is, different tones, and a key scaling function that has multiple levels of keys corresponding to the position (high and low) of the keyboard. It is also possible to obtain a multi-channel musical tone creation device that sets the follow sensitivity and allocates each channel in accordance with the sensitivity to generate musical tone signals with different tones.

Note that the stop value rate value and the shape designation signal SEL to be stored in the recording medium are not limited to those that are preset, but may be arbitrarily set by the user.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the invention described in claim 1, the function designation signal for designating the envelope function for each step is read out from the storage means, and the function designation signal is read out from the storage means. Based on the signal, an envelope value is calculated by arithmetic means, and the musical tone signal is envelope-controlled based on this envelope value, so that the envelope function can be converted into a straight line or 8 non-linear lines for each step. Is it possible to create musical tones of electronic musical instruments effectively by using a synthesizer etc., which can be arbitrarily selected and allows the user to obtain a musical tone signal with an aurally preferable envelope shape according to his/her own preference? This has the effect of allowing you to place

According to the invention as set forth in claim 2, the function designation signal storage means converts the envelope function for each step into a straight line, an upwardly convex exponential function, or a downwardly convex exponential function. Since the function specification signal for specifying is memorized, the envelope / function for each step can be specified as a linear or non-linear function by selecting either an upwardly convex or downwardly convex exponential function. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a musical tone signal based on extremely fine envelope control.

According to the third aspect of the invention, musical tone signal generation means capable of simultaneously generating a plurality of musical tones in a time-division manner is provided, and the envelope data storage means and the function designation signal storage means each have a stop value and a stop value for each time-division channel. The rate value and the function designation signal are stored, and the calculation means calculates an envelope value based on the step value, rate value, and function designation signal read out for each time-division channel, and calculates the musical tone signal according to the envelope value. Since the envelope control is carried out, it is possible to simultaneously generate musical tone signals of different tones that are pleasing to the ear from a plurality of musical tone channels.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are for explaining a musical tone creation device for an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is an overall circuit configuration diagram, and FIG. 2 is a section obtained by dividing one section into four in each time division channel. Figure 3 is a timing chart diagram to explain the operation for each section divided into four sections, and Figure 4 explains the memory format of the envelope data for each step stored in the storage medium. The memory format diagram for FIG. 5 shows that the envelope values are calculated and compared depending on whether the envelope direction is upward or downward at each step. FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of advancing to the next step. Figure 2 1.6...Multiplexer, 2...Adder/subtractor. 4... Comparator, 5... Non-linear conversion circuit, 7... Multiplier. Figure 3

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Envelope data storage means for storing stop values and rate values for each step of an envelope waveform consisting of a plurality of steps, and a function specification for specifying a function for each step of the envelope waveform for each step. function designation signal storage means for storing signals; calculation means for calculating an envelope value based on the stop value and rate value read from the envelope data storage means and the function designation signal read from the function designation signal storage means; , a musical tone signal generating means for generating a musical tone signal; and an envelope control means for envelope-controlling the musical tone signal generated from the musical tone signal generating means based on an envelope value output from the arithmetic means. Musical tone creation device for electronic musical instruments. (2) The function specifying signal storage means stores an upwardly convex exponential function or a downwardly convex exponential function as a function specifying signal for specifying a function for each step of the envelope waveform as a linear or nonlinear function. 2. The musical tone creation device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein a function designation signal for designating one of the functions is stored. (3) The musical tone signal generating means is capable of simultaneously generating a plurality of musical tones in a plurality of time-sharing channels, and the envelope data storage means and the function designation signal storage means are capable of generating the stop signal for each step. The value, the rate value, and the function designation signal are stored for each of the time division channels, and the calculation means stores the stop value and rate value read from the envelope data storage means, and the function designation signal storage means. 3. The musical tone creation device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the envelope value is calculated for each of the time-division channels based on the function designation signal read from the plurality of time-division channels.