JPH0293207A - Hot air heating device - Google Patents
Hot air heating deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0293207A JPH0293207A JP63244119A JP24411988A JPH0293207A JP H0293207 A JPH0293207 A JP H0293207A JP 63244119 A JP63244119 A JP 63244119A JP 24411988 A JP24411988 A JP 24411988A JP H0293207 A JPH0293207 A JP H0293207A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- hot air
- battery
- cathode
- supplied
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
- H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
- H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、温風暖房装置に係り、特に、移動可能で、外
部より電力を補給する必要のない温風暖房装置に関する
。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a hot air heating device, and particularly to a hot air heating device that is movable and does not require external power supply.
従来の外部電源を必要としない温風暖房装置で、燃料電
池を利用するものは、実開昭６２−１９２０４５号公報
に開示されている。A conventional hot air heating device that does not require an external power source and utilizes a fuel cell is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 1988-192045.
上記従来技術は、実用化されつつある燃料電池の作動温
度、例えば、隣酸型約り００℃、溶融炭酸塩型約６５０
℃、固体電解質型約１０００°Ｃが考慮されておらず、
燃料、および、空気の予熱、さらに、起動時の昇温方法
が示されていない。また、溶解炭酸塩型では、カソード
に二酸化炭素を供給する必要があるのに考慮されておら
ず実現できない。The above-mentioned conventional technology is suitable for the operating temperature of fuel cells that are being put into practical use, for example, about 00°C for phosphoric acid type and about 650°C for molten carbonate type.
°C, solid electrolyte type approximately 1000 °C is not taken into account,
Preheating of fuel and air, and method of raising temperature at startup, are not shown. Furthermore, in the case of the dissolved carbonate type, it is necessary to supply carbon dioxide to the cathode, but this is not taken into consideration and cannot be realized.
本発明の目的は、運転全範囲において、外部より電力を
補給する必要のない温風暖房装置を提供することにある
。An object of the present invention is to provide a hot air heating device that does not require external power supply over the entire operating range.
上記目的は、暖風暖房装置内にバッテリヒータを備え、
起動時にバッテリよりの電力により燃料を予熱し、ファ
ンを駆動し、燃焼排気ガスの一部を燃料電池アノード、
カソードそれぞれヘリサイクルすることにより達成され
る。The above purpose is to equip the warm air heating device with a battery heater,
At startup, the battery preheats the fuel, drives the fan, and directs some of the combustion exhaust gas to the fuel cell anode,
This is achieved by helicycling each cathode.
起動時には、バッテリ内に蓄積された電気エネルギによ
り燃料をヒータで予熱し、バッテリ電力によりファンを
駆動し、空気を燃焼器へ供給し、予熱燃料を燃焼器で燃
焼されると同時に、燃焼ガスを燃料電池アノード、およ
び、カソードヘ供給し、燃料電池を予熱する。燃料電池
が発電可能になった時点で、ヒータを停止させる。燃料
電池の発電電力は装置内の各機器を作動させると同時に
余剰電力はバッテリ内に蓄電され次回以降の起動に備え
る。At startup, the electrical energy stored in the battery preheats the fuel with a heater, the battery power drives the fan, supplies air to the combustor, the preheated fuel is burned in the combustor, and at the same time the combustion gas is Supply to the fuel cell anode and cathode to preheat the fuel cell. When the fuel cell becomes capable of generating electricity, the heater is stopped. The power generated by the fuel cell operates each device within the device, and at the same time, surplus power is stored in the battery in preparation for the next startup.
また、燃焼ガスをカソードヘ供給することにより、溶融
炭酸塩型では作動に必要な二酸化炭酸の供給が可能とな
る。Furthermore, by supplying combustion gas to the cathode, the molten carbonate type can supply carbon dioxide necessary for operation.
以下、本発明の一実施例を第１図により説明する。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
燃料電池１は、電解質３をアノード電極５、および、カ
ソード電極６ではさんで構成される。アノード２内には
改質触媒２０が備えられる。アノード２の入口へは、燃
料供給管１５が、燃料調整弁１３、および、エジェクタ
１４を経由して接続される。アノード２の出口はヒータ
７へ接続され、ヒータ７は燃焼器８へ接続される。空気
供給管１６はファン９へ接続される。ファン９の出口は
、燃焼器８へ接続され、エジェクタ１０へ接続される。The fuel cell 1 includes an electrolyte 3 sandwiched between an anode electrode 5 and a cathode electrode 6. A reforming catalyst 20 is provided within the anode 2 . A fuel supply pipe 15 is connected to the inlet of the anode 2 via a fuel adjustment valve 13 and an ejector 14. The outlet of the anode 2 is connected to a heater 7, which in turn is connected to a combustor 8. Air supply pipe 16 is connected to fan 9 . The outlet of the fan 9 is connected to the combustor 8 and to the ejector 10.
エジェクタ１０へは燃焼ｒ＃８よりの配管が接続される
。A piping from combustion r#8 is connected to the ejector 10.
また、燃焼器８よりの他の配管は蒸発器１８を通ってエ
ジェクタ１４に接続され、さらに分岐された配管はカソ
ード４の出口部に接続される。Further, other piping from the combustor 8 passes through the evaporator 18 and is connected to the ejector 14, and further branched piping is connected to the outlet of the cathode 4.
蒸発器１８へは給水タンク１７が接続され、蒸発器から
の蒸気配管１９はエジェクタ１４に接続されている。A water supply tank 17 is connected to the evaporator 18, and a steam pipe 19 from the evaporator is connected to the ejector 14.
制御装置１１からは、燃料電池１、ヒータ７およびファ
ン９へ配線が接続され、さらに、バッテリ１２へ配線が
接続される。Wiring is connected from the control device 11 to the fuel cell 1, heater 7, and fan 9, and further, wiring is connected to the battery 12.
以下、動作について説明する。燃料ガスは、燃料調整弁
１３により流量を制御されエジェクタ１４に入り、蒸発
器１８より蒸気配管１９を経由してきた蒸気、および、
燃焼器８で発生した高温の排ガスを昇圧、および、混合
し、混合ガスを燃料電池１のアノード２へ供給する。ア
ノード２では改質触媒２０により改質が進み１発生した
水素はアノードで反応し、溶融炭酸塩型ではカソードよ
りのＣ０ａ２−により電力を発生し、同時に、アノード
にＨｚＯ，および、ＣＯ２を発生させる。The operation will be explained below. The fuel gas enters the ejector 14 with its flow rate controlled by the fuel regulating valve 13, and steam comes from the evaporator 18 via the steam pipe 19, and
The high temperature exhaust gas generated in the combustor 8 is pressurized and mixed, and the mixed gas is supplied to the anode 2 of the fuel cell 1. At the anode 2, reforming progresses by the reforming catalyst 20, and the generated hydrogen reacts at the anode, and in the molten carbonate type, electricity is generated by COa2- from the cathode, and at the same time, HzO and CO2 are generated at the anode. .
燃料電池内では、装置内に電力を供給するだけ発電が行
なわれれば良いので、アノード出口では未使用燃料が残
り、これを燃焼器８内でファン９よりの空気により燃焼
させる。ヒータ７は、燃焼器に供給される燃料の温度が
低い間使用される。In the fuel cell, it is sufficient to generate electricity to supply electric power to the inside of the device, so that unused fuel remains at the anode outlet and is combusted in the combustor 8 by air from the fan 9. The heater 7 is used while the temperature of the fuel supplied to the combustor is low.
空気は、空気供給管１６を通ってファン９で昇圧され、
燃焼器、および、エジェクタ１０へ送られる。The air passes through the air supply pipe 16 and is pressurized by the fan 9.
It is sent to the combustor and the ejector 10.
燃焼器８を出た高温の燃焼ガスは、蒸発器１８で蒸気を
発生させたのち一部はエジェクタ１４で供給された燃料
と混合し、燃料電池入口の燃料温度を上昇させ、改質用
の蒸気を排ガス中より供給する。The high-temperature combustion gas exiting the combustor 8 generates steam in the evaporator 18, and then a portion of it is mixed with the fuel supplied by the ejector 14, increasing the fuel temperature at the fuel cell inlet, and increasing the temperature of the fuel for reforming. Steam is supplied from the exhaust gas.
残りの燃焼ガスはカソード４の出口のガスと混合し、温
風として外部に供給されろ。The remaining combustion gas is mixed with the gas at the outlet of the cathode 4 and is supplied to the outside as hot air.
エジェクタ１０に送られたファン９の出口の空気は、燃
焼器８より燃焼排ガスの一部を供給され、これと混合し
て昇温され、カソード４に供給される。カソード４では
、溶融炭酸塩型では酸素と二酸化炭素が消費され１反応
熱により昇温されたガスはカソード出口より外部に排出
され、温風として供給される。The air at the outlet of the fan 9 sent to the ejector 10 is supplied with a part of the combustion exhaust gas from the combustor 8, mixed with this, heated, and supplied to the cathode 4. In the cathode 4, in the case of the molten carbonate type, oxygen and carbon dioxide are consumed, and the gas whose temperature is raised by the heat of one reaction is discharged to the outside from the cathode outlet and supplied as hot air.
起動時は、常温近くの燃料が燃料供給管１５より燃料電
池１、アノード２に供給される。アノード２を出た燃料
は、ヒータ７で昇温され、ファン９よりの空気を用い燃
焼器８により燃焼し、一部はエジェクタ１４に供給され
アノード２ヘリサイクルされ、さらに、一部はカソード
ヘ供給され、両者によって電池は昇温される。At startup, fuel near normal temperature is supplied to the fuel cell 1 and the anode 2 from the fuel supply pipe 15. The fuel exiting the anode 2 is heated by a heater 7 and burned in a combustor 8 using air from a fan 9. A portion of the fuel is supplied to an ejector 14 and recycled to the anode 2, and a portion is further supplied to the cathode. Both of them raise the temperature of the battery.
制御装置は、運転時に常時ファン９を駆動すると同時に
、燃焼器入口燃料温度をヒータ７で制御し、燃料電池の
発電量とバッテリの充電、放電を制御する。The control device constantly drives the fan 9 during operation, controls the combustor inlet fuel temperature with the heater 7, and controls the power generation amount of the fuel cell and the charging and discharging of the battery.
本実施例によれば、高温で運転する′溶融炭酸塩型およ
び固体電解質型に好適な動作環境を実現できる。According to this embodiment, an operating environment suitable for the molten carbonate type and solid electrolyte type which operate at high temperatures can be realized.
他の実施例は、燃料電池カソードに燃焼触媒を設置する
ものである。カソードは高温で酸化雰囲気であるため、
燃焼触媒の設置によって、燃料電池の異常時における水
素、−酸化炭素のリークを燃焼により処理することが可
能で、外部へリークさせることなく、安定性の高い装置
を提供することができる。Another embodiment is to place a combustion catalyst at the fuel cell cathode. Since the cathode is in a high temperature and oxidizing atmosphere,
By installing a combustion catalyst, it is possible to treat leakage of hydrogen and carbon oxide during abnormal conditions in the fuel cell by combustion, and it is possible to provide a highly stable device without causing leakage to the outside.
他の実施例では、第１図に示す実施例に加えて、ファン
出口とカソード出ロ温風放出ロ間に電気ヒータを設ける
ことである。本実施例によれば、燃料電池の余剰電力を
熱に変換し、温風を発生することができる。Another embodiment, in addition to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, is to provide an electric heater between the fan outlet and the cathode outlet hot air outlet. According to this embodiment, surplus power of the fuel cell can be converted into heat to generate warm air.
他の実施例では、液体燃料を用いる場合に、燃料供給管
の途中にヒータによる燃料蒸発器を設ける。ヒータの加
熱によりメタノール、灯油等の液体燃料はガス化し、ガ
ス化した後の燃料は他のガス燃料と同様に扱うことがで
きる。In another embodiment, when using liquid fuel, a fuel evaporator using a heater is provided in the middle of the fuel supply pipe. Liquid fuels such as methanol and kerosene are gasified by heating with the heater, and the gasified fuel can be handled in the same way as other gaseous fuels.
本実施例によれば、液体燃料を利用することができ、ポ
ータプルな温風暖房装置を提供することができる。According to this embodiment, liquid fuel can be used and a portable hot air heating device can be provided.
本発明によれば、運転全範囲で外部より電力を補給する
ことなく作動可能な温風暖房装置を提供することができ
る。According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a hot air heating device that can be operated over the entire operating range without external power supply.
第１図は本発明の一実施例の系統図である。
１・・・燃料電池、７・・・ヒータ、８・・・燃焼器、
９・・・ファン、１１・・・制御装置、１２・・・バッ
テリ。FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. 1...Fuel cell, 7...Heater, 8...Combustor,
9...Fan, 11...Control device, 12...Battery.
Claims (4)
、 前記燃焼器へ燃料を供給する経路中に燃料電池を設け、
前記燃焼器の出口の燃焼ガスの少なくとも一部は前記燃
料電池へ供給され、前記燃料電池で発生した電力は、前
記温風暖房装置内の電力に消費され、余剰電力はバツテ
リに蓄電されることを特徴とする温風暖房装置。1. In a hot air heating device including a combustor and a blower fan, a fuel cell is provided in a route for supplying fuel to the combustor,
At least a portion of the combustion gas at the outlet of the combustor is supplied to the fuel cell, power generated by the fuel cell is consumed as power in the hot air heating device, and surplus power is stored in a battery. A hot air heating device featuring:
用することを特徴とする温風暖房装置。2. The hot air heating device according to claim 1, wherein the built-in battery is used when starting the hot air heating device.
、 前記燃焼器へ燃料を供給する経路中に燃料電池を設け、
前記燃焼器出口の燃焼ガスの少なくとも一部は前記燃料
電池のカソードヘ供給され、前記カソードには燃焼触媒
を設備することを特徴とする温風暖房装置。3. In a hot air heating device including a combustor and a blower fan, a fuel cell is provided in a route for supplying fuel to the combustor,
At least a part of the combustion gas at the outlet of the combustor is supplied to a cathode of the fuel cell, and the cathode is equipped with a combustion catalyst.
アン下流の空気を加熱することを特徴とする温風暖房装
置。4. The hot air heating device according to claim 1, wherein a heater is operated using surplus power generated by the combustion battery to heat air downstream of the fan.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63244119A JPH0293207A (en) | 1988-09-30 | 1988-09-30 | Hot air heating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63244119A JPH0293207A (en) | 1988-09-30 | 1988-09-30 | Hot air heating device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0293207A true JPH0293207A (en) | 1990-04-04 |
Family
ID=17114044
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63244119A Pending JPH0293207A (en) | 1988-09-30 | 1988-09-30 | Hot air heating device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0293207A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999027598A1 (en) * | 1997-11-20 | 1999-06-03 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Cover and startup gas supply system for solid oxide fuel cell generator |
| JP2009104884A (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2009-05-14 | Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk | Solid oxide fuel cell system |
| US9391335B2 (en) | 2012-06-19 | 2016-07-12 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Solid oxide fuel cell system and method for controlling same |
-
1988
- 1988-09-30 JP JP63244119A patent/JPH0293207A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999027598A1 (en) * | 1997-11-20 | 1999-06-03 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Cover and startup gas supply system for solid oxide fuel cell generator |
| JP2009104884A (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2009-05-14 | Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk | Solid oxide fuel cell system |
| US9391335B2 (en) | 2012-06-19 | 2016-07-12 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Solid oxide fuel cell system and method for controlling same |
| EP2863464B1 (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2017-03-22 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Solid oxide fuel cell system and method for controlling same |
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