JPH0310732Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] This invention is suitable for use in cases where the location of blood vessels under the skin cannot be easily confirmed by palpation, such as arteries and veins that exist under the clavicle. The present invention relates to a puncturing device suitable for application in various cases.

[Prior Art] To maintain the life of a critically ill patient, it is often performed to inject (intravenous injection) a medicinal solution into a blood vessel (vein) that usually exists under the clavicle.

In the case of this kind of vascular injection, since the blood vessel is hidden under the clavicle, the location of the blood vessel under the skin cannot be easily confirmed by palpation, so even a highly skilled person cannot confirm the location of the blood vessel under the skin. It is not possible to locate the vessel to be injected in a short time and accurately.

In the case of vascular injection, since all cases are urgent or essential for the patient, it is necessary that even an operator inexperienced with puncturing can quickly and accurately locate an artery or vein and perform the treatment.

A device as shown in FIG. 5 has been attempted as a puncturing device suitable for this purpose.

This puncture device is a device that detects the position of a blood vessel using ultrasonic waves, and a cylinder portion 4 is freely attached to the end 3 side of the puncture needle 1 opposite to the cutting edge 2. is a syringe (not shown)
A side passage section 5 is provided to which the is attached, and
An ultrasonic probe 9 is provided at the top of the cylinder portion 4 located on the central axis of the puncture needle 1 .

The inside of the cylinder part 4 is filled with physiological saline 8 which acts as an ultrasound propagation liquid.

Note that 10 is a cannula (or catheter).

Now, when using the puncture device configured in this way, an ultrasonic transducer for transmitting and receiving waves is attached to the ultrasonic probe 9 almost parallel to the partition wall 6, so that the ultrasonic waves transmitted from this transducer are attached to the ultrasonic probe 9. travels straight through the cylinder part 4 and the puncture needle 1, and among the reflected waves, the ultrasound reflected at the same angle as the outgoing ultrasound (therefore, the incident angle is equal to the outgoing angle) propagates in the same way as the outgoing ultrasound. It enters the ultrasonic probe 9 through a path.

When a blood vessel is irradiated with ultrasonic waves, the frequency of the ultrasonic waves changes depending on the speed of blood flowing through the blood vessel. That is, the received ultrasonic waves are subjected to the Doppler effect.

In this way, by converting frequency fluctuations based on changes in the speed of blood flowing through blood vessels into audio signals, it is possible to auditorily judge whether the insertion direction of the puncture needle is correct or not based on the presence or absence of the audio signal or the pitch of the audio. The puncture needle can be inserted into the relevant blood vessel accurately and quickly.

Now, since the above-mentioned ultrasonic probe 9 uses a transducer for both transmitting and receiving waves, the following procedure is performed to locate the relevant blood vessel using this device.

That is, as shown in FIG. 6, when 11 is the skin surface and the insertion point into the blood vessel 12 located deep there is P, the insertion direction of the puncture needle 1 is a or c.
In this case, the reflected wave from the blood vessel 12 cannot be detected, and only the insertion direction b can be detected by the ultrasound Doppler 9.

In other words, only when the center point of the blood vessel 11 and the insertion direction match as shown in FIG. The reflected waves from the puncture needle 1 reach the ultrasound probe 9. At this time, the signal subjected to the Doppler effect is emitted as audible sound. In other words, reflected waves can be detected only in this case.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] By the way, in such a puncture device, if the direction of the incident ultrasonic wave, which is a reflected wave from the blood vessel, does not match the direction of the emitted ultrasonic wave, it is difficult to confirm the location of the blood vessel. I can't.

That is, when the insertion direction is as shown in FIG. 7B, the reflected wave does not enter the puncture needle 1 because the reflected direction of the ultrasonic wave is different from the direction of the incident ultrasonic wave. Therefore, even if the blood vessel 12 is irradiated with ultrasonic waves, the reflected waves cannot be detected, so in this case, the existence of the blood vessel 12 cannot be confirmed.

For this reason, even with the above-mentioned puncture device,
Even if the puncture needle 1 is inserted into the skin surface 11 and ultrasonic waves are irradiated, the reflected waves cannot be easily captured, and it is necessary to change the insertion direction of the puncture needle 1 several times. . Therefore, it takes less time than before and blood vessels 1
2, but it is still not a satisfactory device for faster and more accurate detection of the target blood vessel.

This is simply an ultrasonic Doppler 9.
This is because it uses a vibrator that is used for both transmitting and receiving waves.

Therefore, this invention proposes a puncturing device that can detect blood vessels more easily and can quickly detect a target blood vessel even when used by an operator who has little experience in clinical trials.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, in this invention, a puncture device is constructed by separating a wave transmitting probe and a wave receiving probe. The puncture device according to the above is composed of a puncture tool and an omnidirectional wave transmission probe having a wave transmission vibrator, and the puncture tool has an adapter provided at the end of the puncture needle, and this adapter A syringe and a wave-receiving probe having a wave-receiving transducer for receiving the ultrasonic waves transmitted from the wave-transmitting probe are freely attached to the syringe.

[Function] According to this configuration, when the ultrasonic waves emitted from the wave transmitting probe enter the body, as shown in FIG.
The output ultrasound is completely radiated, and when this ultrasound hits the blood vessel 12, it is reflected in the direction of the skin surface 11. This reflected wave exists over a certain range of the skin surface 11, so by simply inserting the puncture tool into any skin surface 11 within that range and determining the direction in which the audible sound can be detected, the target can be detected. blood vessels can be detected.

[Example] An example of a puncturing device according to this invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1 and subsequent figures.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual explanatory diagram of a puncturing device 20 according to this invention, and this puncturing device 20 has a puncturing tool 4.
0 and a wave transmitting probe 30.

As will be described later, the puncture device 40 has a wave receiving probe attached to one end of the puncture needle 1 in a freely attachable manner, and the wave transmitting probe 30 assumes that there is a blood vessel 12 into which the puncture needle 1 should be inserted. It is pressed against the skin surface 11 close to the position. The wave transmitting probe 30 is non-directional, so when the ultrasonic wave is irradiated into the skin from the wave transmitting probe 30, the entire ultrasonic wave is radiated as shown in the figure.

Therefore, the blood vessel 1 is placed near the wave transmitting probe 30.
2 exists, the ultrasonic waves irradiated to the blood vessel 12 are always reflected, so the reflected waves of the ultrasonic waves irradiated to the upper surface of the blood vessel 12 reach the skin surface 11.

Since the reach range of the reflected waves to the skin surface 11 is relatively wide, if the puncture needle 1 provided on the puncture tool 40 is inserted into the skin surface 11 that is thought to be within this reach range, it is only necessary to slightly change the insertion direction. The reflected ultrasonic waves can be made to enter the wave receiving probe attached to the puncture tool 40.

Now, as shown in FIG. 2, in the wave transmitting probe 30, a housing part 32 is attached to the tip of a rod-shaped grip part 31, and an interior 33 of this housing part 32 is made into a cavity. A wave transmitting vibrator 34 is attached to. The wave transmitting vibrator 34 in this example has a circular shape, and its oscillation frequency is a continuous frequency of 5 MHz.

35 is a terminal mounting plate for the vibrator 34, and 36 is its lead wire.

The outside of the storage section 32 where the vibrator 34 is attached,
In other words, the surface 37 in contact with the skin has a spherical shape as shown in the figure, and the ultrasonic waves emitted from the transducer 34 due to this spherical body are emitted in the normal direction of the surface 37 in contact with the skin. Thus, an omnidirectional wave transmitting probe 30 is realized.

The size of the contact surface 37 is selected to a shape that does not interfere with patient treatment, and in this example, the diameter of the contact surface 37 is selected to be approximately 15 mm, and the curvature thereof is selected to be 8 mm. has been done.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the puncture device 40.

An adapter 42 is freely attached to the end of the puncture needle 1 opposite to the cutting edge 2 via an auxiliary adapter 41. A side passage 44 is formed in communication with this liquid injection passage 43, and a syringe (not shown) is attached to this side passage 44. The syringe cylinder may be attached to the side channel 44 as it is, or it may be attached via a bendable tube.

The side passage 44 may be bent upward to form an L-shape, and its shape may be modified as appropriate.

An engaging portion 45 is formed in the upper part of the adapter 42 located on an extension of the central axis of the puncture needle 1, and the wave receiving probe 50 is detachably engaged therein.

The wave receiving probe 50 is fixed to the adapter 42 by this screwing. 56 is a screw tooth provided on both sides.

The wave receiving probe 50 has a hollow inside,
A wave receiving vibrator 52 is attached to the bottom of the cavity 51. This vibrator 52 also has a circular shape.

Further, the outer end surface of the bottom of the wave receiving probe 50 to which the wave receiving transducer 52 is attached is formed into a spherical surface 58 as shown in the figure, to facilitate focusing of the received ultrasonic waves. This improves the S/N ratio.

In addition, 53 is a terminal board, and 54 is a lead wire.

Note that with the syringe attached to the side channel 44,
The respective engagement states are selected so that the two are airtightly coupled, and so that the two are airtight even when the wave receiving probe 50 is attached to the engaging portion 45. . In the figure, packing 57 is further interposed at the bottom of the engaging portion 45. Further, the liquid injection path 43 is filled with physiological saline.

The puncture needle 1, auxiliary adapter 41, adapter 42, and syringe described above are disposable and are not reused. This is because sterilization treatment after use is generally complicated. Of course, it can be reused if it is sterilized.

Now, in order to detect the target blood vessel 12 using the puncture device 20 configured in this way, the first
As shown in the figure, ultrasonic waves are irradiated to the blood vessel 12 side with the wave transmitting probe 30 pressed against the skin surface 11, and the puncture needle 1 is inserted into an appropriate position on the skin surface 11. In this state, check whether there is an audible sound. If the puncture needle 1 is located in the direction in which the ultrasound is reflected, the reflected wave passes through the puncture needle 1 and is received by the vibrator 52 of the wave receiving probe 50.

When the reflected wave is received by the vibrator 52, the state of blood flow can be heard as an audible sound, so if the puncture needle 1 is further inserted at the position where the audible sound is maximum,
Puncture needle 1 reaches blood vessel 12.

When the puncture needle 12 is correctly inserted, blood flows back through the puncture needle 1, so that the state of insertion can be confirmed, and the injection solution is injected in this state.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a circuit 60 for converting reflected waves subjected to the Doppler effect into audible sounds, in which a 5MHz continuous wave is oscillated from an oscillator 61 as described above, and the signal is sent to an RF output circuit 62. The signal is then supplied to the transducer 34 for wave transmission.

The reflected ultrasonic wave is received by the receiving transducer 52, and its output is supplied to the detection circuit 64 via the RF amplifier 63, where the reflected wave subjected to the Doppler effect is detected and converted to an audible frequency. Ru.

The detected output is supplied to a speaker 67 via an amplifier 65 and an electronic amplifier 66, thereby converting the reflected wave into an audible sound.

Note that the volume 68 is for adjusting the sound volume.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, if the detection output is also supplied to a waveform observation device such as an oscilloscope, the blood flow waveform can be observed at the same time.

[Effects of the invention] As described above, according to this invention, the puncture device 20 is configured by the puncture tool 40 and the omnidirectional wave transmitting probe 30, so blood vessel detection becomes extremely easy.

Therefore, even when used by an operator with little clinical experience, the target blood vessel can be detected quickly and appropriate treatment and treatment can be performed.

Furthermore, in this invention, the ultrasonic waves to be transmitted are continuous waves, and since only the probe for wave reception is attached to the puncture tool, the detection sensitivity of the received wave signal is improved. Therefore, since a puncture needle with a small inner diameter can be used, there are practical advantages such as less invasiveness to the patient.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a conceptual explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of this invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing an example of a wave transmitting probe suitable for use in the puncturing device according to this invention, and Fig. 3 is a similar diagram for puncturing. 4 is a configuration diagram of an audible sound converting circuit used in the lancing device, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the lancing device used to explain this invention, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation. 20 is a puncture device, 30 is a wave transmission probe, 32
34 is a storage section, 34 is a wave transmitting transducer, 42 is an adapter, 44 is a side channel, 50 is a wave receiving probe, 52 is a wave receiving transducer, 1 is a puncture needle, and 12 is a blood vessel.

Claims (1)

[Claim for Utility Model Registration] A probe consisting of an omnidirectional wave transmitting probe with a built-in wave transmitting transducer that oscillates continuous waves of ultrasonic waves, and a tube body with a flow path formed inside. A puncture device consisting of an adapter with a puncture needle attached to its tip, a syringe attached to its side, and a wave receiving probe equipped with a wave receiving transducer attached to the upper end of the adapter. The wave receiving transducer is arranged on the axis of the puncture needle at a position where it can receive the ultrasonic waves through the liquid inside the puncture needle and the adapter. Puncture device.