JPH0312126A - 腹腔鏡または内視鏡手術でステープルを配置する装置及び方法 - Google Patents
腹腔鏡または内視鏡手術でステープルを配置する装置及び方法Info
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- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for minimally invasive surgery
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
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Abstract
め要約のデータは記録されません。
Description
、身体M織内で複数線のステーブル縫合を機械的に行う
外科用ステープラに関する。
i的には、それらの軸線を互いに平行にして、互いに沿
って隣接させ、2つの器官が切開の長さに沿って単一の
中空室を構成するように、2つの器官の接触する周囲壁
を通して長手方向の切開を行う必要がある。このため、
切開の各横側にある2つの隣接する器官の周囲部分は、
接合の一体性を維持するため、少なくとも19の「縫合
」線によって縫合されねばならない。
挿入できる2つの細長いフィンガを有し、2つのフィン
ガはそれによってそれらの間に器官の2つの隣接する壁
を有する0代表的には、フィンガの19は少なくとも2
つの横列内に配置した複数のステーブルを収容する使い
捨てカートリッジを支持し、他方、フィンガの他の19
は、ステーブルをアンビルに対して駆動する際、ステー
ブルの脚を曲げてフック形にするアンビルを有する。
ジ支持フィンガに沿って長手方向に移動するブツシャに
よって行われ、このブツシャはステーブルに作用しステ
ーブルの列を身体組織中に置く、ブツシャのすぐ背後で
、ステーブル列の間に横方向に配置さているのはナイフ
であり、このナイフは、2つの器官の向かい合って隣接
する壁を切断し、それによって、ステーブルの列の間で
2つの器官を互いに長手方向に開口させる。
79,606号)に開示されている。この特許に開示さ
れた器具は、長手方向の切開部をを形成することと、1
列のステーブルを切開部の両側に付けることを同時に行
う装置から成る。さらに改良したものがグリーン(米国
特許第3,490.675号)に開示されている。
れたその後のさらに改良された装置は切開部の各側に二
重列のステーブルを付ける。このことはカートリッジ組
立体によって行われ、カートリッジ組立体では、カム部
材が2組の千鳥配置のステープル支持溝の間の案内路内
で移動する。
向に移動するカムによって接触され溝に沿って駆動され
て2つのステーブルの放出を行うように、2つのステー
ブルブツシャプレート及び案内路を有する。これらの前
述の器具は、使用前に組み立てられ、使用後に分解され
ねばならない上部及び下部フレームを有する。このよう
な器具は消化管吻合の配置を要する外科手術では使用さ
れて成功を収めたが、外科医が手術箇所に直接手で接近
しなければならない。
部を通して行われ、内視鏡処置では、外科手術は皮膚の
小さな入口傷を通して挿入されな小さい内視鏡チューブ
を通して行われる。現在まで、腹腔鏡または内視鏡処置
で横方向のステーブル線を配置する器具は存在しなかっ
た。また、横方向のステーブル線を配置し、腹腔鏡また
は内視鏡手順でそれらの間で組織を切開するのに適した
器具も存在しなかった。
を内視鏡処置及び装置の用語を用いて以下に説明する。
的に」及び「内視鏡部分」のような用語の本明細書での
使用は、本発明を内視鏡チューブに関連してだけ使用さ
れるステーブル止め及び切開装置に限定するものと考え
るべきでない3反対に、本発明を、接近が小さい切開部
に制限されるどんな処置(腹腔鏡を含むが、これに限定
されない)で使用することができると考える。また、本
明細書で用いられる「ファスナ」及び「ステーブル」は
均等な意味で取り扱われるべきである。別の仕方で、言
及しない限り、用語「カートリッジ組立体」は少なくと
もカートリ・yジ自体並びにカートリッジ内に配置した
ステープル、即ちファスナ及びステープル駆動部材を含
む。
止め装置を提供することにある。
て接合できる外科用ステーブル止め装置を提供すること
にある。
用ステーブル止め装置を提供することにある。
用ステーブル止め及び切開装置を提供することにある。
を身体組織中に駆動し、かつステープルの列の間の身体
組織を切開するため小さい切開部又は細いチューブを通
して挿入できる外科用ステーブル止め装置を提供するこ
とにある。
ルの19またはそれ以上の列を内視鏡的に置くために提
供される。有利には、本発明に従って構成されたステー
プラ装置は、ステープルの列間の身体組織中に切開部を
形成するナイフをさらに含むのがよい。後者の構造は、
2つの中空器官を接合する、または虫垂のような器官を
除去する際特に使用される。
レームと、 b)長手方向軸線を形成し、かつ前記フレームから遠位
端方向に延びる管状部分と、を有し、前記管状部分は、 i)カートリッジ組立体を取付る手段を有する細長いハ
ウジングを有し、前記カートリッジ組立体はその中に摺
動自在に取付られた複数の外科用ファスナ及び組織係合
面を有し、 ii)ファスナ形成面を有し、かつ前記細長いハウジン
グに取付られたアンビル部材と、 iii)前記開放位Wと前記閉鎖位置との間で前記アン
ビルを移動する手段と、 iv)前記外科用ファスナを前記カートリッジから放出
する手段と、を有し、それによって前記ファスナが前記
ファスナ形成面に係合する、ことを特徴とする外科用装
置である。
部分は交換できるステープル支持カートリッジと共に再
使用できる。
を含む再使用できるハンドル部分から着脱できる使い捨
てユニットとして形成される。
使い捨てユニットとして構成される。
部を通して、また一般には内視鏡チューブを通して身体
に挿入する。アンビル部材を開放位置にして、身体組織
をカートリッジ組立体のアンビル部材と組織係合面との
間に配置する0次に、アンビルをカートリッジに対して
閉じてアンビルとカートリッジとの間に身体組織をクラ
ンプする。
を身体組織に侵入させてアンビルに当てて閉じる。適切
な場合には、ナイフがステープルの2.3の列の間に切
開部を形成する。器具を作動した後、アンビル及びカー
トリッジ組立体のクランプ作用を解除し、器具の内視鏡
部分を身体から取り出す。
完全に接近することなく内部ステープル止め及び切開手
術を行うことができる。驚くべきことに、本発明のステ
ープル止め及び切開器具は、多数のステープル線を配置
し、ステープルの2゜3の列の間にステープル止めした
組織内に切開部を形成するため、小さい切開部又はチュ
ーブを通して挿入できる。
び切開手順を行う能力により、血液の損失、組織の損傷
及び患者の回復時間が著しく減少され、改善された健康
看護に寄与する。
さい開口に挿入するため、約101程度の比較的小さい
直径を有する延ばされたチューブ状部分、または腹部空
洞のような身体に挿入されるチューブ、を支持するフレ
ーム兼ハンドル部分を有する。内視鏡部分は長手方向軸
線を有し、身体の内部の手術箇所に達するのに適した長
さを有する。装置は、内視鏡(例えば、光学繊維によっ
て身体の内部を可視的に検査する装置)と共に使用され
るのがよい。装置の内視鏡部分は小さい開口または傷を
通して挿入されて手術箇所まで操作され、器具が作動さ
れる。内視鏡部分は、固定兼切断部分を有し、この固定
兼切断部分を手術箇所まで運ぶ細長いハウジングを有す
る。固定兼切断部分は、(代表的にはハウジングの遠位
端に支持された)ステープル支持カートリッジによって
形成されたジョーと、アンビルとを有し、さらにナイフ
を有する0手術部分を操作することは細い長手方向に延
びる管状構造体上または内に配置した中間部品を介して
行わなければならない、基本操作部品の大部分は、手術
が行われる人間(または動物)の外部に置かれたフレー
ム上または内に収容されている。
ジョーは目標の組織を受け入れるためステープル留め箇
所で整合される。これには、ステープル留め器具の全体
を回転するか、または好ましい実施例で可能なように内
視鏡をフレームに対して回転するかのいずれかにより、
あるいは、これらの両方の動作を組み合わせることによ
り、内視鏡部分を身体に対して回転することを含む。
に目標の身体組織を固定する手段を有する。固定はクラ
ンプ動作によって行われる。目標の組織をアンビルとカ
ートリッジ組立体の間にクランプした状態で、ハウジン
グ及びアンビル部材を取り囲むカム手段を用いて装置の
ジョーを閉じてアンビルとカートリッジの組織接触面の
間の組織をクランプする。
る。長手方向に延びたチャンネルを用いて長手方向の運
動をブツシャカムバー及び組織切断ナイフに伝達する。
ファスナ形成面まで駆動するブツシャ要素に接触してい
る。器具を使用した後、ジョーのクランプ動作を解除し
て器具を身体から取り出すのがよい、以下の詳細により
、本発明の種々の要素、操作及び機能の十分な理解が得
られる。
具100は、内視鏡部分103を支持するフレーム10
2と、身体組織をクランプするため器具を作動する手段
と、ステープルを身体組織に入れてステープル列間に組
織の切開部を形成するため器具を始動する手段と、を有
する。
02は、2つの部品、即ち、左側部分102L及び右側
部分102Rを有する。これらの部分は止めねじ101
によって互いに最も適した仕方で固定されるが、リベッ
ト、溶接、または2つのフレーム部品を結合するその他
の手段が用いられてもよい、左側部分102Lは、サム
ホイール123(第1図及び第4図参照)に接近可能に
するなめ、垂直の細長いスロット102Aを有する。フ
レーム102は、細長いものであり、遠位端開口10’
2B、近位端開口102C1内部遠位端円筒形室102
D、内部近位端円筒形室102E、円周方向のサムホイ
ール取付溝102H1上部案内路102F及び下部案内
路102Gを形成している内面を有する。
を後述するトグルリンクに伝達し、それによって外科医
または器具の操作者からの手の圧力に応答して装置のク
ランプ動作を行う手段を与える。トグルレバー104は
、横方向に向いた孔104Bを通してトグルレバー10
4の遠位端部に配置されたレバーピボットピン105に
よってフレームの遠端の近くに枢着された遠位端部を有
する細長い片である。トグルレバー104は、さらに、
孔104Aを通してトグルレバーに配置されたトグルリ
ンクビン106によってトグルリンク107に枢着され
た近位端部を有する。圧力に応答して、トグルレバー1
04はトグルレバービン105によって形成された軸線
を中心に回転し、運動をトグルリンクに伝達する。
形成するフォーク部材107Aを持った丸い第1端と、
トグルリンクビン108を収容する横方向に向いた孔1
07Bと、背部止め面107Dとを有する細長い部材で
ある。トグルリンク107は運動をトグルレバーからト
グルリンク109に伝達する。
向いた孔109Aを持った丸い第1端と、トグルリンク
ビン108を受け入れる横方向に向いた孔109Bを持
つ部分的に丸い第2端と、回転制限部材109Cとを有
する細長い比較的薄い平らな片である。
置されたビン110によってカラー移動ピボット111
のスロット111Aに取付られている。トグルリンク1
09の第2端はビン108によってトグルリンク107
のフォーク部材107Aのスロット107Cに枢着され
ている。
近位方向に突出する平らな角度部材である。
がさらに遠位方向に曲がるのを防止するように、トグル
リンク107の対応する背後止め面107Dに当接する
ようになっている。かくして、回転制限体109Cは係
止部分として働き、トグルレバー104を下げるのを防
止し、それによってクランプ機能を働かすのを防止する
。しかし、結合部を遠位方向に曲げると、トグルレバー
104はカラー移動ピボット111を移動することによ
って装置を作動するように完全に下げられることができ
る。
路102F内に摺動自在に取付られたほぼ長方形の片で
ある。カラー移動ピボットは長手方向スロット111A
と、カラー移動ピボットの遠位端部に接近した横方向に
向いた孔111Bとを有する。スロット111Aはトグ
ルリンク109の第1端を受け入れるためのものであり
、孔111Bは前記トグルリンク109を枢着するビン
110を受け入れるためのものである。カラー移動ピボ
ット111は垂下プレート111Cを有し、この垂下プ
レート111Cは、比較的幅広のスペーサ部分111E
と、ビン113(第4図)を収容するための横方向に向
いた孔111Dとを有する。
図)のスロット112Bに取付られている。カラーピボ
ットホルダ内の孔112C及びカラー移動ピボット内の
孔111Dを通して配置されたビン113はこれら2つ
の片をリンクしている。カラー移動ピボット111はト
グルリンクの回転運動を長手方向の直線運動に変換する
手段を与える。
トホルダ112はカラー移動ピボット111の下方に配
置され、かつ近位端円筒形室102E内に摺動自在に取
付られたほぼ円筒形片である。カラーピボットホルダ1
12は軸線方向の雌ねじ穴112Aを持った遠位端部と
、カラー移動ピボットの垂下プレート111Cを受け入
れる長手方向スロット112Bを持った近位端部と、垂
下プレート111Cを取付るためのビン113を受け入
れるようになっている横方向孔112Cとを有する。
ー移動ピボットから、カラーピボット支持体114によ
って連結されたカラーピボットホイール115に伝達す
る手段を与える。
12の穴112Aに取付られるため、その近位端部に長
手方向に突出するねじ山付ボルト部分114Aを有する
。カラーピボット支持体は、その遠位端部で、Eリング
リテーナ116に係合する周囲ノツチ114Cを持った
長手方向に突出するビン114Bを有する。ビン114
はカラーピボットホイール115の軸線方向の孔115
Aを通して配置され、ノツチ114Cの遠位端部は前記
孔115Aの通して突出しており、この孔115Aで、
Eリングリテーナ116は前記ノツチにクリップされ、
それによってビン114B上にカラーピボットホイール
115を維持している。
するように、カラーピボットホイール115とカラーピ
ボットホルダ112を連結する手段を与えるだけでなく
、カラーピボットホイール115が自由回転できる中心
となる軸線(ビン114B)をも与える。
筒形室102Eに摺動自在に取付られたほぼ円筒形の片
である。同心的な孔115Aがビン114Bを受け入れ
る前記カラーピボットホイールの近位端から遠位端に延
びている。カラーピボットホイール115は、さらに、
カラー軸125(第6図)の取付ボルト125Aを受け
入れる偏心孔115Bをその遠位端部に有する。カラー
ピボットホイール115は、近位端円筒形室102E内
で長手方向に、かつビン114Bを中心に回転するよう
に、可動である。カラーピボットホイール115は、装
置のジョーをクランプするため、長手方向の運動をカラ
ー軸125に伝達する。
に摺動自在に取付られ、かつ軸線方向の中空内部を持つ
ほぼ円筒形片である。チャンネルビンホルダは、その遠
位端部に、チャンネルピボット122の近位端部に取付
られるなめ、収縮スロット121Bを持った雄スナツプ
ばめプラグ121Aを有する。チャンネルビンホルダ1
21は放出用支持軸119にねじ120によって取付る
ことができ、外科用ファスナを放出するため、長手方向
の運動を放出用支持軸119からチャンネルピボットに
伝達する手段を与える。チャンネルビンホルダ121は
長手方向にだけ移動する。
22が回転する中心となる軸線として役立つ 放出用支持軸119は下部案内路102Gに摺動自在に
取付られた細長いほぼ長方形の片である。
ャンネルビンホルダ121を取付るためのものであり、
チャンネルビンホルダ121の外面に対応する曲率を有
する。ねじ120が、前記チャンネルビンホルダ121
を放出用支持軸119に取付るため、放出用支持軸11
9の横方向の孔119Cを通してチャンネルビンホルダ
121の底部の穴に入るように配置されている。放出用
支持軸119は、その近位端部に、プランジャ118の
ねじ部分118Aを受け入れる長手方向に延びるねじ穴
119Bを有する。
運動をプランジャ118がらチャンネルビンホルダ12
1に伝達する。
取付部分を持つロッドである。遠位端ねじ部分118A
は放出用支持軸119のねじ穴119Bに取付るための
ものである。近位端ねじ部分118Bはブツシュボタン
の中央ねじ穴117Aによってブツシュボタン117を
取付るためのものである。プランジャロッドは本体10
2の近位端開口102Cの外部で近位方向に延び出てい
る。
筒形室102D内に配置されたほぼ円筒形の片である。
ネルピボット122が回転自在に取付られるカラービン
ホルダ121のスナップばめ部分121A用の受け口と
して役立つ開口122Cを有する。第4A図かられかる
ように、受け目部分122Cはスナップばめ部分121
Aとかみ合う周囲リップ122Eを有する。チャンネル
ピボット122は、その遠位端部に、カムバーチヤンネ
ル129(第8図)の近位端部を取付るためのスタッド
122Aを有する。取付ねじ128はカムバーチヤンネ
ル129を固定するため横方向の孔122Dを通して配
置されている。
るため、長手方向の運動をチャンネルピンホルダ121
からカムバーチヤンネル129に伝達する手段を与える
。チャンネルピボット122は、また、器具の長手方向
軸線を中心にカムバーチヤンネル129及びカラー軸1
25を回転させる手段を与える。
ツチ102Hに回転自在に取付られたディスク状片であ
る。サムホイール123は、遠位方向に延びる円筒形突
起123Bと、長方形スロット123Aと、円筒形突起
123Bから遠位方向に突出する、スロット123Aに
対して横方向のもどり止め123Cと、細長いノツチ1
02Aを通して部分的に突出する周囲面123Dとを有
する。サムホイール123は、細長いノツチを通って突
出する周囲面123Dの部分に回転力を手で加えること
によって回転できる。サムホイールを回転させると、サ
ムホイール123は、フレームに対して装置の遠位端部
の内視鏡部分を回転するため、器具の長手方向軸線を中
心に、カバーカムバーチヤンネル、カラー軸を回転させ
る。
は内視鏡外科手術に使用するのに適した直径を有し、か
つ器具の長手方向軸線に一致してフレームの遠位端開口
102Bを通って遠位端方向に突出する比較的長い管状
片である。カバー124は、その近位端部に、サムホイ
ール123のもどり止め123と係合するノツチ124
Bを持つフランジ124Aを有する。フランジ124A
はサムホイールの円筒形突起123Bに当接して取付ら
れている。カバー124は、サムホイールの回転と共に
回転するように、回転自在に取付られている。カラー軸
125及びカムバーチヤンネル129はカバー124の
内部に長手方向に延びている。カバー124は、器具を
使用しているとき外部の身体組織に接触するを防止する
ため、カラー軸125及びカムバーチヤンネル129を
取り囲む手段を与える。
は、器具の長手方向軸線に平行であり、かつ前述したよ
うにカラーピボットホイール115に取付るためのねじ
部分125Aを持つ近位端部と、カラープラグ126の
ねじ穴126Aに取付るためのねじ部分125Bを持つ
遠位端部とを有する比較的長いロッドである。カラープ
ラグ126を介して、カラー軸125は、器具のジョー
を閉じて目標の身体組織を固定するため、長平方向の運
動をカラー124に伝達する。カラー軸125は長手方
向に移動し、カラー軸自体は自分自身の軸線に対して回
転しないが、器具の軸線を中心に回転できる。
連結する手段を与える。カラープラグ126は、カラー
軸125のねじ部分125Aを取付るねじ孔126Aと
、カラー127の周囲スロット127Aに取付られる遠
位端の半径方向突起126Bとを有する9 カラー127は、カバー124より遠位端に配置され、
かつ器具の長手方向軸線に一致して配置されたほぼ管状
の片である。カラー127は、カラー127の近位端部
に接近した周囲スロット127Aと、遠位端カム用エツ
ジ127Bとを有する。第15A図かられかるように、
遠位端カム用エツジ127Bは器具のジョーを閉じて目
標の身体組織を固定する手段を与える。このことを以下
に詳細に説明する。
は、逆U形状断面を有し、かつハウジング134に摺動
自在に取付られた細長い片である。
じ12,8を収容する横方向の孔129Dを有する。カ
ムバーチヤンネルの近位端部はチャンネルピボット12
2(第4図)の長方形取付用スタッド122Aに取付ら
れている。カムバーチャンネル129は、その遠位端部
に、把持用フォーク129B兼スロツト129Aを有す
る0把持用フォーク129B兼スロット129Aはカム
バーアダプタ130と係合し保持する手段を与える。
29は、後述するアンビルピボットビン135(第11
図)から邪魔されないで移動できる。カムバーチヤンネ
ル129は、組織固定操作を行うため、長手方向の運動
をチャンネルピボット122からカム7ベー131及び
ナイフ132に伝達する。
0はカムバーチヤンネル129の把持用フォーク129
Bに取付られており、カムパー131及びナイフ132
を保持する手段を与える。
れらの近位端部はカムバーアダプタ130の長手方向ス
ロット130Aに取付られている。
2はカムバーアダプタ130のスロット130Aにやは
り取付られている。ナイフ132はその遠位端部に切断
用エツジ132Aを有する。
、ハウジング134は器具の長手方向軸線に整列した細
長い片である。ハウジング134はピン133(第5図
)によってサムホイール123の円筒形突起123Aに
取付られた近位端部を有する。ハウジング134は、そ
の遠位端部に、カートリッジ組立体137と係合し保持
する比較的幅広の部分134Bを有する。横方向の孔1
34Cはアンビルピボットビン135を収容する。ハウ
ジング134は、また、長手方向に延びる中央案内レー
ル134Aを有し、案内レールのまわりに、カムバーチ
ヤンネル129が摺動自在に取付られている。
付られた細長い片である。アンビル部材136は、その
遠位端部に、ステーブル形成凹部136D(第13図参
照)を持った組織接触面136Eを持ったアンビルプレ
ート136Aを有する。アンビル部材136は、アーム
136Bを有し、さらに、その近位端部に、ヒンジ13
6C及び孔134Cを通して配置されたアンビルピボッ
トビン135によってハウジング134に枢着するヒン
ジ136Cを有する。アンビル部材136は、開放値W
(第15A図参照)と閉鎖位置(第15B図参照)との
間で回転でき、閉鎖位置で、アンビル形成面はカートリ
ッジ組立体137と閉鎖状態に整列させられる。アンビ
ルブレー)−136Aは、また、ナイフ132を通すこ
とができる長手方向の中央溝136Fを有する。
ンプし固定するための器具のジョーの19になる。好ま
しくは、アンビル136には、ハウジング134(第1
1図、第15A図参照)内の対応する凹部、開口、また
は突起に係合する19またはそれ以上の組織止め140
が設けられている0組織止め140は組織をジョーに過
度に挿入すること防止するのを助ける。
ートリッジ組立体は、心合せプレート140を持ったカ
ートリッジ137と、ブツシャ要素、即ちステーブル駆
動体139と、外科用ファスナ、即ちステーブル138
とを有する。ステーブル138及びブツシャ13つは溝
状スロット137A内に配置され、カムパー131がカ
ートリッジ137を通して遠位端方向で長手方向に移動
すると、ブツシャ139が溝状スロット137Aを通し
て駆動され、ステーブル138を、結合しようとする身
体組織の層201及び202を通してアンビルプレート
136Aに入れ、アンとルプレート136Aで、ステー
ブルの脚がステーブル形成凹部136D内でかしめられ
る。心合せプレート140は、ステーブル駆動体をカー
トリッジ内で心合せして保つカバーとして役立つ。好ま
しくは、カートリッジ137は2列のステープル押し出
し要素を含み、各ステープル押し出し要素が3つのステ
ーブルに作用する。そのような19のステーブル押し出
し要素139が第16図に示されている9図示の好まし
いステーブル押し出し駆動部材は、遠位端部602、近
位端部604を有し、少なくとも19のカム面を持った
本体部分600と、カム運動の方向に向いた3つのほぼ
長方形押し出し板608.610.612とを含む。
横方向に整列しており、本体部分近位端部と隣接した端
部を有する。中間押し出し板612は本体部分遠位端部
602の隣接した端部を有する。いずれの押し出し板も
本体部分の全長にわたって延びていない。好ましくは、
各押し出し板は案内レール614及びステープル載置ノ
ツチ616を含む。案内レール614はカートリッジの
対応するスロット部分に受け入れれておりその中で摺動
する。第16図で示すように、各ステープル駆動部材は
、好ましくは、二重カムバーによって駆動される。
137の面を示す。溝状スロット137Aは開口で終わ
っており、開口を通してステープル138が放出される
。溝137Bはカートリッジを通るナイフ132の移動
を案内する。
かるように、各列のステープル駆動部材が3つのステー
プルに作用するような2列のステープル駆動部材を有す
る好ましい配列により、6列のステープルが得られ、即
ち、3列の千鳥配置して重ねたステープルがナイフ溝1
37Bの各側に得られる。切開部の両側に3列の千鳥配
置して重ねたステープルを配置することにより、改善さ
れた組織保持強度及び止血が得られる。
されている。この実施例では、器具の内視鏡部分300
は器具のハンドル部分301(第17図及び第24図参
照)から着脱自在である。内視鏡部分300は、好まし
くは、使い捨てユニットを構成し、器具のフレーム及び
ハンドル部分が交換内視鏡部分と共に再使用できる。
ると、内視鏡部分は近位端部でコレット402に取付ら
れたハウジング324を有する。
ハウジング334及びアンビル336を支持している。
ング324とほぼ同一の外径のクランプ用部分327A
と、テーパ状部分327Bと、ハウジング324内で軸
線方向に摺動するような形状及び寸法に構成された小さ
い直径を持つ軸部分327Cとを有する。小径の軸部分
の近位端部はクランプチューブスナップ404に固定さ
ている。カートリッジ337はカートリッジハウジング
334に取付られ、カムバー331及びナイフ332に
係合している。第17図に示すように、好ましくは、カ
ムパー331は、好ましい3つのステーブル駆動部材を
駆動してナイフによって形成された切開部の両側で千鳥
配置の平行な3列のステープルを放出する際発生される
力のバランスを改善するため、互いに長手方向に千鳥配
置されている。最初に述べた実施例と同様に、カムパー
331及びナイフ332はカムバーアダプタ330と係
合してそのカムバーアダプタによって支持されており、
カムバーアダプタがカムバーチヤンネル329の遠位端
部に係合している。カムバーアダプタ329の近位端部
はチャンネルアダプタ406に固定されている。
であり、その遠位端部に円筒形支持部分408を有し、
近位方向で長手方向に延びる複数のコレットフィンガ4
10を有する。各コレットフィンガ410は、近位方向
で軸線方向内方に延びる傾斜面414を持った外方に突
出する中間部分412を有する。各コレットフィンガは
、また、近位方向で軸線方向内方に延びる傾斜面418
で終わる外方に突出する近位端フランジ416を有する
。
シリンダの層部分として構成された6つのコレットフィ
ンガ410を示す。コレット402、具体的には、コレ
ットフィンガ410は、好ましくは、プラスチックで作
られ、通常の位置、即ち静止位置から内方に曲げること
ができる。フィンガ410は、記憶を持ち、曲げ力が除
かれると、それらの静止位置に戻る。
端部を受け入れるように構成されている。ハウジング3
24の近位端部は任意の適当な手段によって円筒形支持
部分408に固定されている。適当な手段には、ハウジ
ング324の対応する開口またはスロットに対する円筒
形支持部分408(第19図参照)の内面上の19また
はそれ以上の突起またはリブ420の摩擦ばめ及び(又
は)係合があるが、これに限定されるものではない。
ブ422がコレットに対して回転できないが、制限され
た範囲の運動でコレットに対して長手方向に対して移動
できるように、外部スリーブ内に配置され、そのスリー
ブと係合している。第20図に更に詳しく示すように、
スリーブ422は把持用リング424を含む外部把持面
を有する。
む遠位端部分426を有し、リブ428はコレットの円
筒形支持部分408(第19図参照)の長手方向スロッ
ト430と係合する。明らかに、リブ428とスロット
430との係合により、コレットに対するスリーブ42
2の回転運動が防止され、またその逆も防止される。
突出するフランジ432を有する。フランジ432は外
方に突出するフランジ412.416(第18図参照)
の間のコレットフィンガ408の外径面に対応し、その
外径面に係合する最小径の面積434を有する。フラン
ジ432は、才た、近位方向で軸線方向内方に突出する
傾斜面436を有する。傾斜面436はコレットフィン
ガ410(第17図及び第18図参照)上の傾斜面41
4にほぼ対応し1、その傾斜面と係合する。
動範囲を制限するため、近位端及び遠位端制限止め43
8.440が設けられている。近位端制限止め438は
19またはそれ以上のコレットフィンガ410の外方に
突出する中間部分の遠位端の平らな面に係合し、それに
よって近位方向のスリーブの長手方向の運動を制限する
。遠位端制限止め440はコレットの円筒形支持部分4
08の近位端の平らな面に当接し、それによって遠位方
向のスリーブの長手方向の運動を制限する。
置から遠位方向にスリーブの制限された長手方向の運動
が可能であり、傾斜面414.436がコレットフィン
ガ410の近位端部に軸線方向内方の力を働かせる。こ
のように、コレットフィンガ、詳細には、コレットフィ
ンガ410の近位端部が後述する理由によりそれらの静
止位置、即ち記憶位置から内方に曲げられることができ
る。
ームの間の回転運動を邪魔しないで、対応する外部チュ
ーブ突起を受け入れて取り囲むように構成され寸法状め
された内径を有する。
ビン444はその遠位端部近くでハウジング324の円
筒形内部を貫通している。ビン444は、クランプ用チ
ューブ327(第21図参照)の長手方向スロット44
6及びチャンネル329の同様なスロット(図示せず)
を貫通している。力=トリッジハウジング334の近位
端部はハウジング支持ピン444によってハウジング3
24に固定されている。ハウジング334は、その遠位
端部で、カートリッジ337を支持している。ハウジン
グ支持ピン444は、また、アンビルの板ばね448の
近位端部をハウジング324に固定している。ばね44
8の遠位端部はアンビル336を支持している。第17
図に示すように、アンビルのばね448はアンビルを図
示の開放位置に押す板ばねとして働く。
して示すような少なくとも一対の対応するアンビル心合
せガイドがアンビルとカートリッジに設けられている。
されるステーブルをアンビルの対応するステープル形成
溝に正確に係合させるように、アンビル及びカートリッ
ジの組織接触面の適切な心合せを確保する。また、アン
ビル及びカートリッジの組織接触面を越えて組繊を過剰
に挿入することなく、ジョー間に身体組織を適切に配置
するのを確保するため、19それ以上の組織止め454
が設けられているのが好ましい。
に、アンビルの近位端部、アンビルのばね、及びカート
リッジハウジングを取り囲み、かつ第17図に示す開放
位置と、下部ジョーに対して閉鎖した上部ジョーをクラ
ンプする閉鎖位置(第15A[]及び第15B図参照)
との間で長手方向に移動する。閉鎖位置で、身体組織は
、第13図に示すようにアンビルとカートリッジの間で
クランプされる。
327はハウジング324とほぼ同一の外径を持つクラ
ンプ部分327Aを有する。クランプ部分327Aの近
位端部分で、クランプチューブ327はクランプ部分3
27Aを小径の軸部分327Cに結合するテーパ状部分
327Bを有する。クランプ部分327A及び軸部分3
27Cはほぼ円筒形である。軸部分327Cは円筒形ハ
ウジング324の内径より小さい外径を有し、それによ
って、ハウジングに対するクランプ用チューブの長手方
向の運動が可能である。第21図に示すように、軸部分
327Cは長手方向スロット446.456を含む、前
述したように、ハウジング支持ビン444はスロット4
46を貫通している。なお、スロット446は器具のジ
ョーを閉鎖して器具を作動するための、ハウジング32
4に対するクランプチューブ327及びチャンネル32
9の十分な長手方向の運動を可能にする。ビン444は
ハウジング324に対してアンビル及びカートリッジの
ハウジング組立体を分離し、ハウジングに対してアンビ
ルまたはカートリッジのハウジングの長手方向の運動ま
たは回転運動を伝達するのを防止する。ビン444は、
また、ハウジング324に対するカラーチューブまたは
チャンネルの回転運動の伝達を防止する。
スナップ404(第17図及び第22図参照)に連結さ
れている。第22図に示すように、クランプチューブス
ナップ404はクランプチューブ324の近位端部中に
延びる2つの遠位端部458を含む、外方に延びるビン
460はクランプチューブ324とクランプチューブス
ナップ404を互いに分離する。クランプチューブスナ
ップ404は、さらに、はぼ円筒形の中間部分462と
クランプスナップフィンガ464を有する。なお、スリ
ーブ422の遠位端方向の移動によるコレットフィンガ
410の内方の偏向がやはりクランプスナップフィンガ
464を第17図に示す静止位置から内方に偏向するこ
とがわかる。
れ、カム331及びナイフ332に長手方向の運動を与
えるため、クランプチューブ内で長手方向に可動である
。第17図及び第23図を参照すると、チャンネル32
9の近位端部は、チャンネル329の対応するスロット
(図示せず)に係合するチャンネルアダプタ406のタ
ブ466によってチャンネルアダプタ406の各々の遠
位端部に固定されている。チャンネルアダプ9.406
の軸はクランプチューブスナップ404の中央を長手方
向に貫通し、突出部分468によって形成された雌スナ
ツプばめ受容体で終わっている。
31図に示す。
この実施例のフレーム兼ハンドル組立体は二重ハンドル
で構成されている。この実施例では、内側ハンドル47
0は器具のジョーの組織クランプ作用を制御し、外側ハ
ンドル472は器具の作動を制御する。フレーム474
は、全体がまたは一部が成形され、及び(又は)機械加
工されてよいものであるが、はぼ長方形であり、閉鎖し
な近位端部478と、下部把持面480と、上部ハンド
ル受け入れ面とを有している。開口484がヒンジピン
486に取付られたハンドル470.472を受け入れ
るため設けられている。ハンドル470.472は、ば
ね負荷によって、第24図に示す開放位置に押圧されて
いるのがよい、開口484の遠位端部は上方に延びるリ
ップ488によって形成されている。フレームの下面は
、把持面480の遠位端部に、突出する球根状領域49
0を含む、詳細には後述するが、球根状領域はハンドル
の正確な移動を可能にするのに十分な内部空所492を
形成している。フレーム474の遠位端部は遠位端開口
498(第25B図参照)を有するほぼ平らな面で終わ
っている。好ましくは、フレーム474は、ねじまたは
リベット496.497.499によって互いに固定さ
れた2つの左右半型に鋳造され、及び(又は)機械加工
されている。各フレーム半型は、遠位端開口498(第
25B図参照)を形成する遠位端の内方に突出するフラ
ンジ500及び長手方向リブ502を含む。フレーム4
74の外部壁及び内部壁504と共に内方に突出するフ
ランジ500は、外部チューブ494の近位端部を受け
入れ支持するため、遠位端フレーム室506を形成して
いる。
側ハンドル470は内側ハンドルアーム508の近位端
部の把持タブ部分506とレバーアーム部分510とを
含む、ヒンジビン孔512がヒンジビン486を受け入
れるためアーム508の遠位端部に設けられており、こ
のため、内側ハンドル470は、レバーアーム510に
おけるレバー機構の−てこ比を得るなめ、ヒンジビン4
86を中心に回転する。第26B図に示すように、内側
ハンドルのレバーアーム部分510の遠位端部は一対の
レバーアームフォーク510A、510Bを持ったほぼ
U形状構造に形成されている。第26A図を再び参照す
ると、各レバー機構フォークは、レバーアームフォーク
510A、510Bがまたぐフレームクランプチューブ
518の両側から突出するフレームクランプチューブピ
ン516を受け入れるための細長いスロット514を含
む。
く示されている。第27A図は、内側ハンドルレバーア
ーム部分のスロット514に1するため外方両側に突出
するクランプチューブピン516を示すフレームクラン
プチューブ518の底面図である。細長いU形状スロッ
ト524が後述する理由のため設けられている。チュー
ブ518の正面図である第27Bに示すように、ばね保
持ピン522が形成されており、フレームクランプチュ
ーブから外方に突出している。フレームクランプチュー
ブの正面断面図である第27C図に示すように、フレー
ムクランプチューブ518の遠位端部は、クランプチュ
ーブスナップ564を受け入れるように構成され、寸法
決めされた周囲凹部526を含む、第27D図は、クラ
ンプチューブの近位端部を示すクランプチューブの部分
的背面図である。図示のように、クランプチューブ51
8の背面側は板ばねスロット520及び板ばねカム52
1を含む。第27E図はカム521を示すチューブ51
8の部分回転図である。
突出するようにチューブ壁の部分を曲げることにより形
成されている。フレームクランプチューブ518は第2
4図に示す近位端位置から器具のジゴーを閉鎖する遠位
端位置に長手方向に可動である。クランプチューブばね
519の遠位端部はばね保持ビン522に係合し、クラ
ンプチューブばね519の近位端部はねじ取付具497
に係合している。かくして、クランプチューブばね51
9は、力がチューブを遠位端位置に動がされるように働
かされるまで、近位端位置にフレームクランプチューブ
を保持する。第24図に示すように、フレームクランプ
チューブ518の遠位端部は外側チューブ494内に配
置されている0図示の近位端のクランプチュ・−ブ位置
で、フレームクランプチューブの遠位端は外部チューブ
494の円筒体の遠位端部をほぼ整列している。
4はほぼ円筒形であり、フレーム474の遠位端開口に
係合している。外側チューブ494の近位端のフレーム
係合部分は環状フランジ534を含み、環状フランジ5
34は、遠位端外側チューブの部分536と共に、フレ
ーム474の遠位端部で内部フランジ500を受け入れ
る環状溝537を形成している。フレームの長手方向リ
ブ502(仮想線で示す)はフレーム474に対して外
側チューブ494を安定にするため外側チューブの外面
に係合している。外部チューブ494は、ピン及び穴の
対応する19またはそれ以上の組による圧縮ばめ及び(
又は)係止係合によってフレーム474に対して固定さ
れている。かくして、外側チューブ494はフレーム4
74の遠位端部から突出するがフレームに対して固定さ
れている。外側チューブ494の突出遠位端部は器具の
内視鏡部分のコレット402(第17図参照)に係合す
るように構成され、寸法決めされている0本体部分53
6の外径はスリーブ422に挿入されるように構成され
、寸法決めされており、同時に、コレットフィンガ41
0が内方に傾斜したリム538によって外側チューブ4
94内に押圧されている。第29図に示すように、本体
部分536はわずかに傾斜した遠位端壁542を有する
コレットフィンガ凹部540を含む0本体部分536は
、さらに、コレットフィンガ受け入れ部分と円筒体部分
546の間に移行部分544を含む0円筒体部分は傾斜
した壁544の近位端終了箇所から外側チューブ494
の近位端部まで均一の直径を有する。述べたように、円
筒体部分546は、同心的な長手方向の摺動間係で、フ
レームクランプチューブ518を受け入れる(第24図
参照)、外側チューブ494の突出遠位端部は、また、
スリーブ422(第20図参照)の内面のもどり止めス
ロット503の19に係合するための小さい当接用の突
起、即ちもどり止めピン501を含み、このため、スリ
ーブ422は外側チューブ494に対する異なったもど
り止め位置の間で回転できる。
方向アーム部分550と、レバーアーム部分552とを
含む(第24図、第30A図及び第30B図参照)、長
手方向アーム部分552の近位端部はヒンジピン486
(第24図参照)を受け入れるヒンジピン孔554を含
む。
アーム472はほぼU形状であり、このため、内側ハン
ドルアーム508は長手方向アーム部分550の開口内
部に受け入れられるようになる。外側ハンドルレバーア
ーム部分552は、内側ハンドルレバーアーム部分及び
クランプチューブ組立体を囲む開口内部部分556を有
するように構成され、寸法決めされている。開口内部部
分556により、外側ハンドルの作用とは独立に、内側
ハンドル470に応答するフレームクランプチューブの
長手方向の移動が邪魔されない、開口内部部分556を
得るために、外側ハンドルレバーアーム部分552は外
方に広がる領域558A、558Bと、はぼ平行本体壁
560A、560Bと、遠位端部分564で終わる頴領
域562とを含む、第30A図を参照すると、各遠位端
部分564はスプロケットホイールビン受け入れ孔56
6を含む。
8はスプロケットホイールピン566に取付られ、チェ
ーン570に係合し2ている。チェーン570の一端は
、ピン取付具572に取付られることによってフレーム
474に取付られている。チェーン570の他端はチェ
ーン係合タブ574に固定されている。チェーン係合タ
ブ574は駆動チューブ576の近位端部で下方に延び
るタブとして取付られている。駆動チューブ576はフ
レームクランプチューブ472内に配置されフレームク
ランプチューブに対して自由に摺動する。理解できるよ
うに、外側チューブ472が上部フレーム面に向かって
閉鎖されると、外側ハンドルレバ一部分552は遠位端
方向に回転させられる。この運動により、スプロケット
ホイール468は、フレームの開口底部領域492内で
円弧路をたどり、チェーン570を引っ張り、その結果
、チューブ576を遠位方向に駆動する。
開口524は、チェーン及びフレームクランプチューブ
の互いに対する自由移動を確保するため、チェーン57
0を受け入れている。さらに、駆動チューブばね577
は、器具が作動されるまで、図示の近位地位!に駆動チ
ェーンを保持するため、フレームねじ取付具499及び
駆動チューブ576内のビン(図示せず)に係合してい
る。
と、駆動チューブ576の遠位端部には、ブツシュプラ
グ580に当接する軸線方向に取付られた突出ステム5
78が設けられている。ブツシュプラグ580は面取り
した遠位端チップを有し、チャンネルアダプタ406(
第17図参照)の近位端フィンガ468の間に受け入れ
られるように構成され、寸法決めされている。第31図
の断面部分で示すように、駆動チューブ576の後壁に
は安全係止用スロット579が設けられている。
施例には安全係止機構が設けられている。
52つと曲がったチップ530とを有する板ばね528
が設けられている0曲がったチップ530は、曲がった
チップ530の長さのほぼ半分延びる、シャンク部分5
30と等しい幅のショルダ531を含む。曲がったチッ
プ530は、さらに、曲がったチップ530の全長突出
する駆動チューブの中央係止用チップ533を含む。第
24図を再び参照すると、仮想線で囲む中央領域532
は駆動チューブ576の長い壁を越えて見た別の部分断
面図である。この関係は、第32A図及び第32B図に
良く示されており、これらの図は、板ばねに対して、そ
れぞれ、近位端位置及び遠位端位置にあるフレームクラ
ンプチューブ518を示す平面図である。板ばね528
はねじ穴535中に取付られたねじによってフレーム4
74に取付られており、曲がったチップ530はフレー
ムクランプチューブ518及び駆動チューブ576に向
かって延び、これらに押圧さている。チューブ518.
576の近位端位置で、駆動チューブ係止用ビン533
はフレームクランプチューブ518(第27D図及び第
32A図参照)の長い側部のスロット520を貫通し、
駆動チューブ576(第32A図で仮想線で示す)の安
全係止用スロット579に係合している。かくして、近
位端位置で、板ばね528及び係止用ビン533は近位
端位置に駆動チューブを堅く係止し、器具は作動できな
い、しかし、板ばねのショルダ部分531はスロット5
20中に延びてないで、スロット520の外部の両側に
載っている。フレームクランプチューブ518が近位地
位!から遠位端部1に動くと、ショルダ部分531の1
9は板ばねカム521に載り、それによって、板ばね5
28をチューブ518.576から強制的に離し、係止
用ビン533を安全係止用スロット579(第32B図
参照)から分離させる。板ばねは、フレームクランプチ
ューブが遠位端位置にある問は、駆動チューブから分離
されたままであり、フレームクランプチューブ518が
近位地位1に戻るときには常に駆動チューブ576との
係止係合に戻る。有利には、板ばね528によってカム
521に及ぼされる力は、また、フレームクランプチュ
ーブ518を遠位端位置に保持する傾向があり、このた
め、器具は作動用意状態でクランプ位置に留まっている
。第32B図に示す位置で、フレームクランプチューブ
518は器具のジョーをクランプして閉鎖した遠位端位
置にあるが、駆動チューブ576は近位端位置に留まっ
ている。
(仮想線で示す)がら分離しているので、外側ハンドル
は、駆動チューブ576を遠位方向に移動させて器具を
作動するため、閉じられることができる。
鏡部分を組み立てるために、外部チューブを、コレット
フィンガ510、具体的には、コレットフィンガの環状
フランジ416がコレットフィンガ凹部540に係合す
るまで、スリーブ522に軸線方向に整列させてその中
に挿入する。
れるとき、(i)クランプチューブスナップ564をフ
レームクランプチューブ518に挿入し、(ii)チャ
ンネルアダプタ406を、ブツシュプラグ580がチャ
ンネルアダプタフィンガ468の間に着座するまで、フ
レームクランプチューブを通して軸線方向に挿入する。
22に回転力を働かせることによってフレーム301に
対して回転できる。述べたように、外側チューブ及びス
リーブのもどり止めビン501及びもどり止めスロット
503は、それぞれ、フレームに対する内視鏡部分の異
なった回転位置を形成する。内視鏡部分が回転すると、
コレット402が外部チューブ494に対して回転し、
クランプチューブスナップ564はフレームクランプチ
ューブ518内で回転し、ブツシュプラグ580がチャ
ンネルアダプタフィンガ468内で回転する。なお、第
24図に示すハンドルの始動位置では、ばね519.5
77はフレームクランプチューブ及び駆動チューブをそ
れらの近位端位置に押圧している。関連する機械リンク
機構がやはりハンドル470.472を図示の開放位置
に押圧している。駆動チューブ係止用ビン533は、器
具のジョーがクランプされて閉鎖されるまで、駆動チュ
ーブを近位端位置に係止し、それによってハンドル57
2を開放位置に係止するため、駆動チューブ安全係止用
スロット579に係合している。
ム面に閉じることによって行われる。内側ハンドル47
0がヒンジビン486を中心に枢動すると、ビン516
がスロット514内で移動してフレームクランプチュー
ブ518を遠位方向に引っ張る。フレームクランプチュ
ーブ518がクランプチューブスナップ564に係合す
るので、フレームクランプチューブ518の移動により
、長手方向の運動がクランプチューブ327に与えられ
、それによって、アンビル336をカートリッジの組織
係合面に対して閉じる。また、フレームクランプチュー
ブ518の遠位端方向の移動により、フレームクランプ
チューブ518の板ばねカム521が板ばね528に係
合して駆動チューブから離すように駆動し、それによっ
て、駆動チューブ係止用ビン533を安全係止用スロッ
ト579から分離する。
フレームに対して閉じることによって作動できる。この
運動中、スブロケットポイール568は、チェーン57
0を介して、駆動チューブばね577の力に打ち勝ち、
遠位端長手方向の運動を駆動チューブ576に与え、し
たがって、チャンネルアダプタ406に与える。もちろ
ん、チャンネルアダプタ406の遠位端長手方向の運動
により、チャンネル329、カム331、ナイフ332
が駆動されてステープルをカートリッジから放出させ、
配!されたステープルの列間に切開部を形成する。
スリーブ422に働かせることによってフレーム兼ハン
ドル部分301から着脱自在である。前述のように、こ
の運動中、傾斜面414.436は協働してコレットフ
ィンガを内方に曲げ、それによって、コレットを外部チ
ューブ494から外す、コレットフィンガ410はクラ
ンプチューブスナップ464を曲げ、クランプチューブ
スナップをフレームクランプチューブから分離する。
プタフィンガ468の遠位方向に傾斜した面により、チ
ャンネルアダプタフィンガ468がブツシュプラグ58
0を解放し、それによって、フレームからの内視鏡部分
の完全な分離が可能となる。もちろん、チャンネルアダ
プタフィンガ468を解放するのに要する引張力は、器
具の作動後に外側チューブを解放すると、ブツシュプラ
グがチャンネルアダプタから分離しないように、十分大
きくなければならない。
用ビンの配列は開放位置にあるジョーを持った器具の偶
発的な作動を防止する。即ち、外側の作動ハンドルがク
ランプハンドルの上方に取付られていて内側のクランプ
作用ハンドルを予め閉じることなく、またこれと独立に
、閉じることができないので、ジョーが完全に閉じられ
て組織をクランプするまで、器具を作動することはでき
ない。
の実施例が考えられる。器具全体が1回使用の場合、内
視鏡部分は、好ましくは、フレームと一体であり、器具
のできるだけおおくの部分がプラスチックから作られる
。別に考えられる実施例では、カートリッジ、ナイフ、
可能ならば、アンビルが単独でまたはユニットとして使
い捨てであってもよい。例えば、ナイフ、可能ならばカ
ムバーを含む交換できるカートリッジ組立体が提供され
ることが考えられる。
グ内にシール部材を含むことがすべての実施例で好まし
い、もちろん、このようなシール部材は、図示されてい
ないが、クランプ用及び作動用要素の長手方向の移動を
可能にするものでなければならない。
料には、鋼、アルミニウム、及びプラスチックがある。
全重量を最少にするため、可能な場合には、プラスチッ
クがやはり好ましい。
材料を決定する性能上の要件がある。アンビルの場合、
ステープルを変形するため、高い強度と正確に形成され
た凹部が必要であるので、ステンレス鋼のような金属の
使用が一般に必要である。同様に、ナイフは鋭利な切断
エツジを必要とし、−iにやはりステンレス鋼から作ら
れる。本発明で用いられるステープルは、非吸収性プラ
スチック、金属、またはポリグリコール酸のコポリマー
のような吸収性合成材料であってもよい。もちろん、材
料の前述の記載は、単に例示的なものであり、材料の種
々の変形、置換、変更が当業者にとって行い得る。
チューブを通して身体の中に挿入する。内視鏡チューブ
装置が閉鎖した腹膜性鼓腸を維持でき、さらにハウジン
グの内部シーリング部材が、本発明の器具を内視鏡チュ
ーブに導入するにもかかわらず、この閉鎖を維持するこ
とが好ましい。
または挿入前にクランプ機構を閉じることのいずれかに
より、器具のジョーを内視鏡チューブ中に挿入するため
閉じる。
に向けるため内視鏡部分を回転してもよい、身体に対す
る内視鏡部分の回転は、フィンガホイール123(第1
図参照)またはスリーブ522(第17図参照)を用る
ことにより、またはこれら両方を用いることにより、フ
レームに対して内視鏡部分を回転することによって、器
具全体を回転することにより行われる。
ようとする組織201,202を器具の開いたジョーの
開、即ち、アンビル部材136゜336とカートリッジ
137.337の組織接触面の間に配置するように器具
を適切に向けてジョーを閉じて組織をクランプする。第
1の実施例では、外科医はトグルレバー104を押し下
げ、それによって、カラー軸125、カラーピボットホ
イール115、カラーピボットホルダ112、及びカラ
ー移動ピボット111を介してカラー127を遠位端方
向に摺動させる。カラー127は、カラー1う7の遠位
端部にあるカム作用エツジ127Bがヒンジ136Cよ
り近位端にある第1位置く第15A図)から、カム作用
面がヒンジ136Cより遠位端にある第2位置(第15
B図)に、矢印Aの方向の遠位端方向に移動し、それに
よって、ファスナ形成面136Eをカートリッジ組立体
に接近して整列させるまで、即ち、スロワ)137Aを
ステープル形成凹部136Dに整列させるまで、アンビ
ル部材136を矢印Bの方向に強制的に回転させる。第
15B図は、ジョーが閉鎖した位置にある器具を示す、
前述の第2実施例では、同一の結果が、内側ハンドルを
閉じて長手方向の運動をフレームクランプチューブ51
8及びクランプチューブ337に与え、それによってア
ンビル336をカートリッジ337に対して閉じること
によって得られる。なお、器具を作動する前に多数の試
みが適切に器具を配置するために必要である。
ている。第1実施例で器具を作動するためには、外科医
はブツシュボタン117を押し下げ、それによって、ナ
イフ132及びカムバー131を、カムバーチヤンネル
129、チャンネルピボット122、チャンネルビンホ
ルダ121及び放出用支持軸119を介して、カートリ
ッジを通して長手方向に駆動する。前述のように、カム
パー131がカートリッジを通して長手方向に駆動され
ると、ステーブル駆動部材139が身体組織を通してス
テーブル138を押してアンビルに当接させ、そこで、
ステーブル138がかしめられる。第2実施例では、外
側ハンドル472を閉じて長手方向の運動を駆動チュー
ブ576、チャンネル329、カム331及びナイフ3
32に与え、ステーブルを放出し、切開部を作る。
、本発明の種々の実施例に対してなされ得るものである
0例えば、種々の寸法の器具が考えられるし、種々の種
類の構成材料が考えられる。
長いスロットが左右の本体部分のいずれかに配置できる
。したがって、前述の説明は本発明を制限するものでは
なく、好ましい実施例の例示に過ぎない、当業者にとっ
て特許請求の範囲に記載された本発明の範囲及び精神の
範囲内でその他の変更を行い得る。
持体、カラーピボットホイール、チャンネルピンホイー
ル及びチャンネルピボットの側部断面図である。 第5図は、管状カバーを示す図である。 第5A図は、カバーとサムホイールの間の連結を示す図
である。 第6図及び第7図は、カラー軸及びカラーを示す図であ
る。 第8図及び第9図は、カムバーチヤンネル、カムパー、
ナイフ及びカムバーアダプタを示す図である。 第10図及び第11図は、ハウジング及びアンビルを示
す図である。 第11A図は、ハウジング及びカラーの断面図である。 第12図は、カートリッジ、ステーブル駆動部材及びス
テーブルの分解図である。 第13図は、カートリッジの側面図である。 第14図は、身体組織に接触するようになるカートリッ
ジの面を示す図である。 第15A図及び第15B図は、器具のクランプ作用を示
す図である。 第16図は、本発明に用いることができる3つのステー
ブル駆動部材を示す図である。 第17図は、本発明の第1の別の実施例による器具の内
視鏡部分の断面図である。 第18図は、本発明の第1の別の実施例によるコレット
の側面図である。 第19図は、第18図のコレットの近位端部の図である
。 第20図は、本発明の第1の別の実施例によるスリーブ
の側部断面図である。 第21図は、本発明の第の別の実施例のクランプチュー
ブの平面図である。 第22図は、本発明の第の別の実施例のクランプチュー
ブスナップの平面図である。 第23図は、本発明の第1の別の実施例のチャンネルア
ダプタの側面図である。 第24図は、第1の別の実施例によるハンドル兼フレー
ム部分の側部断面図である。 第25A図は、第1の別の実施例によるフレームの断面
図である。 第25B図は、第25A図に示すフレーム半型の遠位端
方向の端面図である。 第26A図及び第26B図は、第1の別の実施例の内側
ハンドルのそれぞれ側面図及び遠位端方向の端面図であ
る。 第27A図、第27B図、第27C図、第27D図及び
第27E図は、フレームクランプチューブのそれぞれ底
面図、正面図、正面断面図、2つの部分的背面図である
。 第28A図及び第28B図は、フレーム板ばねのそれぞ
れ平面図及び正面図である。 第29図は、第1の別の実施例の外側ハンドルの側部断
面図である。 第30A図及び第30B図は、第1の別の実施例の外側
ハンドルのそれぞれ側面図及び遠位端方向の端面図であ
る。 第31図は第1の別の実施例による駆動チューブの側面
図である。 端面のフレームクランプチューブの位置を示す、フレー
ムクランプチューブ、駆動チューブ及び板ばねの平面図
である。 100・・・器具、 102・・・フレーム、 104・・・トグルレバー 123・・・サムホイール、 124・・・カバー 127・・・カラー 132・・・ナイフ、 136・・・アンビル部材、 137・・・カートリッジ組立体、 300・・・内視鏡部分。
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 (1)身体組織中に外科用ファスナを駆動する外科用装
置において、 a)フレームと、 b)前記フレームに着脱自在に連結され、長手方向軸線
を形成し、かつ前記フレームから遠位方向に延びる内視
鏡部分と、を有し、前記内視鏡部分は、 i)遠位端部にカートリッジ組立体を支持する細長いハ
ウジングを有し、前記カートリッジ組立体はその中に摺
動自在に取付られた複数の外科用ファスナを含み、かつ
組織係合面を有し、 ii)アンビル部材を有し、該アンビル部材は、ファス
ナ形成面と、かつアンビル部材が開放位置とファスナ形
成面が前記カートリッジ組立体の前記組織係合面に緊密
に整列する閉鎖位置との間で可動であるように、前記細
長いハウジングに取付られた近位端部とを有し、 iii)前記開放位置と前記閉鎖位置との間で前記アン
ビルを移動する手段と、 iv)前記外科用ファスナを前記カートリッジから放出
する手段と、を有する、 ことを特徴とする外科用装置。 (2)請求項1記載の外科用装置において、前記内視鏡
を前記長手方向軸線を中心に回転させる手段をさらに有
する、ことを特徴とする外科用装置。 (3)請求項1記載の外科用装置において、前記開放位
置と前記閉鎖位置との間で前記アンビル部材を移動する
前記手段は、前記ハウジング内に配置され前記ハウジン
グに対して長手方向に可動な軸部分と前記ハウジングの
遠位端部から突出するクランプ作用部分とを有するカラ
ーチューブをさらに有し、前記クランプ作用部分は前記
アンビル部材の一部を取り囲み、前記カラーチューブは
、前記クランプ作用部分が前記ハウジングに隣接した第
1位置と、前記クランプ作用部分が前記ハウジングより
遠位にありかつ前記アンビル部材を前記閉鎖位置に押圧
する第2位置との間で可動である、ことを特徴とする外
科用装置。(4)請求項1記載の外科用装置において、
前記アンビル部材が板ばねによって前記ハウジングに可
動に取付られている、ことを特徴とする外科用装置。 (5)請求項1記載の外科用装置において、前記外科用
ファスナを放出する手段は、カバーバーが前記カートリ
ッジ組立体を長手方向に横切るとき前記ファスナを駆動
するため前記カートリッジ組立体内の押し出し要素を作
動する少なくとも1つのカムバーをさらに有する、こと
を特徴とする外科用装置。 (6)請求項5記載の外科用装置において、前記カムバ
ーに取付られたナイフをさらに有する、ことを特徴とす
る外科用装置。 (7)請求項1記載の外科用装置において、前記カート
リッジ組立体は前記細長いハウジングに着脱自在に取付
らている、ことを特徴とする外科用装置。 (8)請求項1記載の外科用装置において、前記カート
リッジ組立体はさらにナイフを有する、ことを特徴とす
る外科用装置。 (9)内視鏡的にファスナを身体組織に駆動する方法に
おいて、 a)固定しようとする身体組織を含む身体中に駆動され
る内視鏡チューブを用意し、 b)外科用ファスナを身体組織中に駆動する外科用装置
を用意し、前記装置は、 1)フレームと、 2)長手方向軸線を形成し、かつ前記フレームから遠位
方向に延びる内視鏡部分有し、前記内視鏡部分は、 i)遠位端部にカートリッジ組立体を支持する細長いハ
ウジングを有し、前記カートリッジ組立体はその中に摺
動自在に取付られた複数の外科用ファスナを含み、かつ
組織係合面を有し、 ii)アンビル部材を有し、該アンビル部材は、ファス
ナ形成面と、かつアンビル部材が開放位置とファスナ形
成面が前記カートリッジ組立体の前記組織係合面に緊密
に整列する閉鎖位置との間で可動であるように、前記細
長いハウジングに取付られた近位端部とを有し、 iii)前記開放位置と前記閉鎖位置との間で前記アン
ビルを移動するアンビル手段と、iv)前記外科用ファ
スナを前記カートリッジから放出する放出手段と、を有
し、 c)前記外科用装置の前記内視鏡部分を前記内視鏡チュ
ーブ中に挿入し、 d)前記アンビル部材を移動する前記手段を前記開放位
置から前記閉鎖位置に作動し、 e)前記カートリッジ組立体から前記外科用ファスナを
放出する前記手段を作動する、 ことを特徴とする方法。 (10)請求項9記載の方法において、前記アンビル部
材を解放して前記アンビルを前記開放位置に戻し、 前記内視鏡部分を前記内視鏡チューブから取り出すこと
をさらに含む、 ことを特徴とする方法。 (11)外科用ファスナを身体組織中に駆動する外科用
装置において、 a)フレームと、 b)長手方向軸線を形成し、かつ前記フレームから遠位
方向に延びる管状部分と、を有し、前記管状部分は、 i)カートリッジ組立体を取付る手段を有する細長いハ
ウジングを有し、前記カートリッジ組立体はその中に摺
動自在に取付られた複数の外科用ファスナ及び組織係合
面を有し、ii)ファスナ形成面を有し、かつ前記細長
いハウジングに取付られたアンビル部材と、iii)前
記開放位置と前記閉鎖位置との間で前記アンビルを移動
する手段と、 iv)前記外科用ファスナを前記カートリッジから放出
する手段と、を有し、それによつて前記ファスナが前記
ファスナ形成面に係合する、ことを特徴とする外科用装
置。 (12)請求項11記載の外科用装置において、前記カ
ートリッジ組立体と前記アンビル部材との間に相対運動
を与える前記手段は前記カートリッジ組立体と前記アン
ビル部材とを整列させて配置する、ことを特徴とする外
科用装置。 (13)請求項11記載の外科用装置において、前記ア
ンビルが前記細長いハウジングに枢着されている、こと
を特徴とする外科用装置。 (14)請求項13記載の外科用装置において、前記カ
ートリッジ組立体と前記アンビル部材との間に相対運動
を与える前記手段は前記アンビル部材を枢動して前記カ
ートリッジ組立体に整列させる、ことを特徴とする外科
用装置。 (15)内視鏡ステープラ装置用使い捨て装架ユニット
において、 i)遠位端部にカートリッジ組立体を支持する細長いハ
ウジングを有し、前記カートリッジ組立体はその中に摺
動自在に取付られた複数の外科用ファスナを含み、かつ
組織係合面を有し、ii)アンビル部材を有し、該アン
ビル部材は、ファスナ形成面と、かつアンビル部材が開
放位置とファスナ形成面が前記カートリッジ組立体の前
記組織係合面に緊密に整列する閉鎖位置との間で可動で
あるように、前記細長いハウジングに取付られた近位端
部とを有し、 iii)前記開放位置と前記閉鎖位置との間で前記アン
ビルを移動する手段と、 iv)前記外科用ファスナを前記カートリッジから放出
する手段と、を有し、 前記細長いハウジング、アンビル部材及びカートリッジ
組立体は内視鏡に受け入れられ、嵌入されるように構成
され、寸法決めされている、ことを特徴とする使い捨て
ユニット。(16)請求項15記載の外科用装置におい
て、前記開放位置と前記閉鎖位置との間で前記アンビル
部材を移動する前記手段は、前記ハウジング内で配置さ
れ前記ハウジングに対して長手方向に可動な軸部分と前
記ハウジングの遠位端部から突出するクランプ作用部分
とを有するカラーチューブをさらに有し、前記クランプ
作用部分は前記アンビル部材の一部を取り囲み、前記カ
ラーチューブは、前記クランプ作用部分が前記ハウジン
グに隣接した第1位置と、前記クランプ作用部分が前記
ハウジングより遠位にありかつ前記アンビル部材を前記
閉鎖位置に押圧する第2位置との間で可動である、こと
を特徴とする外科用装置。 (17)請求項15記載の外科用装置において、前記ア
ンビル部材が板ばねによって前記ハウジングに可動に取
付られている、ことを特徴とする外科用装置。 (18)請求項15記載の外科用装置において、前記外
科用ファスナを放出する手段は、カバーバーが前記カー
トリッジ組立体を長手方向に横切るとき前記ファスナを
駆動するため前記カートリッジ組立体内の押し出し要素
を作動する少なくとも1つのカムバーをさらに有する、
ことを特徴とする外科用装置。 (19)請求項18記載の外科用装置において、前記カ
ムバーに取付られたナイフをさらに有する、ことを特徴
とする外科用装置。 (20)請求項15記載の外科用装置において、前記カ
ートリッジ組立体は前記細長いハウジングに着脱自在に
取付らている、ことを特徴とする外科用装置。 (21)請求項20記載の外科用装置において、前記カ
ートリッジ組立体はさらにナイフを有する、ことを特徴
とする外科用装置。 (22)請求項19記載の外科用装置において、前記カ
ートリッジ組立体、前記外科用ファスナを放出する手段
及び前記ナイフはユニットとして交換するため前記細長
いハウジングに着脱自在に取付られている、ことを特徴
とする外科用装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07358646 US5040715B1 (en) | 1989-05-26 | 1989-05-26 | Apparatus and method for placing staples in laparoscopic or endoscopic procedures |
| US358646 | 1989-05-26 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0312126A true JPH0312126A (ja) | 1991-01-21 |
| JP2525073B2 JP2525073B2 (ja) | 1996-08-14 |
Family
ID=23410493
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2136901A Expired - Lifetime JP2525073B2 (ja) | 1989-05-26 | 1990-05-25 | 腹腔鏡または内視鏡手術でステ―プルを配置する装置及び方法 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US5040715B1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0399701B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2525073B2 (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE126035T1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU628570B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2013054C (ja) |
| DE (2) | DE69021441T3 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2042446T5 (ja) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5040715A (en) | 1991-08-20 |
| US5040715B1 (en) | 1994-04-05 |
| EP0399701B2 (en) | 2003-08-06 |
| AU5595290A (en) | 1990-11-29 |
| AU628570B2 (en) | 1992-09-17 |
| DE69021441T3 (de) | 2004-08-19 |
| EP0399701A1 (en) | 1990-11-28 |
| EP0399701B1 (en) | 1995-08-09 |
| CA2013054C (en) | 1998-02-10 |
| ES2042446T5 (es) | 2004-03-01 |
| DE69021441T2 (de) | 1996-02-22 |
| US5425745A (en) | 1995-06-20 |
| DE399701T1 (de) | 1993-11-25 |
| US5554169A (en) | 1996-09-10 |
| ES2042446T1 (es) | 1993-12-16 |
| ES2042446T3 (es) | 1995-10-01 |
| ATE126035T1 (de) | 1995-08-15 |
| CA2013054A1 (en) | 1990-11-26 |
| DE69021441D1 (de) | 1995-09-14 |
| JP2525073B2 (ja) | 1996-08-14 |
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