JPH03133603A - Manufacture of tilted functional material - Google Patents
Manufacture of tilted functional materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03133603A JPH03133603A JP27342289A JP27342289A JPH03133603A JP H03133603 A JPH03133603 A JP H03133603A JP 27342289 A JP27342289 A JP 27342289A JP 27342289 A JP27342289 A JP 27342289A JP H03133603 A JPH03133603 A JP H03133603A
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- particles
- mold
- particle size
- ceramic powder
- powder
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Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「産業上の利用分野」
この発明は、互いに特性の異なる複数種の原料の組成の
連続的な変化によって傾斜機能を発現する傾斜機能材の
製造方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a functionally graded material that exhibits a functionally graded material by continuously changing the composition of a plurality of raw materials having mutually different properties.
「従来の技術」
スペースシャトルを発展させたスペースプレーンや原子
力発電などの分野において熱応力緩和材として用いられ
る構造材料として、金属よりも強い耐熱性を有するセラ
ミックスとセラミックスの脆弱性を補う金属の組成を一
面側から他面側にかけて連続的に変化させることによっ
て、耐熱性にイｐれ、しかも脆弱でない、大きな温度変
化にも耐えるものが考え出されている。"Conventional technology" Ceramics, which have stronger heat resistance than metals, and metal compositions that compensate for the brittleness of ceramics, are used as structural materials as thermal stress relaxation materials in fields such as spaceplanes that developed the space shuttle and nuclear power generation. By continuously changing the temperature from one side to the other side, a material has been devised that has high heat resistance, is not brittle, and can withstand large temperature changes.
このような熱応力緩和材に代表される、互いに特性の異
なる複数種の原料の組成の連続的な変化によって傾斜機
能を発現する傾斜機能材の製造方法としては、従来、第
８図に示すように、互いに特性の異なる複数種の原料粉
体が、それぞれ互いに異なる混合比で混合された複数の
屠体２１，２２．２３・・・・・・を型３０内に積層充
填して加圧成形し、熱処理する方法が考えられている。Conventionally, as a method for manufacturing a functionally graded material that exhibits a functionally graded function through continuous changes in the composition of multiple types of raw materials with different characteristics, such as thermal stress relaxation materials, the conventional method is as shown in Figure 8. Then, a plurality of carcasses 21, 22, 23, etc., in which a plurality of raw material powders having different characteristics are mixed at different mixing ratios, are stacked and filled in a mold 30, and then pressure-molded. However, a method of heat treatment is being considered.
［発明が解決しようとする課題」
しかしながら、この従来の製造方法においては、例えば
上述した熱応力緩和材を製造する場合で一種の原料粉体
としてセラミックス粉体と金属粉体を用いたときの屠体
２１，２２．２３・・・・・・の積層物におけるセラミ
ックス粉体と金属粉体の濃度分布、したがって得られる
熱応力緩和ｔオにおけるセラミックスと金属の組成が、
−例として第９図に示すようになるところから明らかな
ように、得られる傾斜機能材は複数種の原料の組成が傾
斜機能材の一面側から他面側にかけて段階的に変化した
ものになる不都合がある。もっとも、屠体２１゜２２．
２３・・・・・・の数を多くすれば組成がより連続的に
変化したものを得ることができるが、そうすると製造が
著しく煩雑になる欠点がある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in this conventional manufacturing method, for example, when manufacturing the above-mentioned thermal stress relaxation material, ceramic powder and metal powder are used as a kind of raw material powder. The concentration distribution of ceramic powder and metal powder in the laminate of bodies 21, 22, 23, etc., and therefore the composition of ceramic and metal at the resulting thermal stress relaxation time, are as follows:
-As is clear from the example shown in Figure 9, the functionally graded material obtained is one in which the composition of multiple types of raw materials changes stepwise from one side of the functionally graded material to the other side. There is an inconvenience. However, the carcass was 21°22.
If the number of 23... is increased, it is possible to obtain a composition in which the composition changes more continuously, but this has the disadvantage that manufacturing becomes extremely complicated.
そこで、この発明は、傾斜機能材の製造方法において、
間車な方法により、複数種の原料の組成が一面側から他
面側にかけて、より連続的に変化した傾斜機能材を確実
に得ることができるようにしたものである。Therefore, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a functionally graded material, including:
By using a slow method, it is possible to reliably obtain a functionally graded material in which the composition of multiple types of raw materials changes more continuously from one side to the other side.
「課題を解決するための手段」
この発明においては、互いに特性の異なる複数種の原料
粉体に故意に互いに異なる粒度分布を与え、次に、その
複数種の原料粉体を型に入れて振動を与え、次に、その
複数種の原料粉体の混合物を力０圧成形し、熱処理する
。"Means for Solving the Problem" In this invention, a plurality of raw material powders having different characteristics are intentionally given different particle size distributions, and then the plurality of raw material powders are placed in a mold and vibrated. Next, the mixture of the plurality of raw material powders is subjected to zero-pressure molding and heat-treated.
「作 用」
上記のような方法をとる、この発明の製造方法において
は、故意に互いに異なる粒度分布を与えた互いに特性の
異なる複数種の原料粉体を型に入れて振動を与えたとき
、複数種の原料粉体の粒子間に作用する力が同程度であ
り、複数種の原料粉体の比重が同程度で、複数種の原料
粉体の粒子に働く重力が主として粒子径によって決まっ
て粒子径が大きいほど粒子に働く重力が大きくなり、か
つその粒子に働く重力が粒子間に作用する力より大きけ
れば、型内においては下部に径の大きい粒子が分布する
とともに、上部に径の小さい粒子が分布し、複数種の原
料粉体は互いに異なる粒度分布が与えられていることか
ら、結果的に型内における複数種の原料粉体の濃度は型
内の下部から上部にかけて連続的に変化し、その複数種
の原料粉体の混合物を加圧成形し、熱処理することによ
って、複数種の原料の組成が一面側から他面側にか！、
１て連続的に変化した傾斜機能材が得られる。"Function" In the manufacturing method of the present invention, which uses the method described above, when a plurality of types of raw material powders with different characteristics and which have been intentionally given different particle size distributions are put into a mold and subjected to vibration, The force acting between the particles of multiple types of raw material powders is the same, the specific gravity of multiple types of raw material powders is approximately the same, and the gravitational force acting on the particles of multiple types of raw material powders is mainly determined by the particle size. The larger the particle size, the greater the force of gravity acting on the particle, and if the force of gravity acting on the particle is greater than the force acting between the particles, the larger particles will be distributed in the lower part of the mold, and the smaller particles will be distributed in the upper part of the mold. Since the particles are distributed and multiple types of raw material powders are given different particle size distributions, as a result, the concentration of multiple types of raw material powders in the mold changes continuously from the bottom to the top of the mold. By press-molding and heat-treating the mixture of multiple types of raw material powders, the composition of the multiple types of raw materials can be changed from one side to the other! ,
1. A functionally graded material that changes continuously can be obtained.
「実施例」
この発明の製造方法の一例を、上述したような熱応力緩
和材を製造する場合を例にとって説明する。"Example" An example of the manufacturing method of the present invention will be described by taking as an example the case of manufacturing the above-mentioned thermal stress relaxation material.
まず、第１図に示すように、セラミックス粉体ｌおよび
金属粉体２を用意する。この場合、例えば、セラミック
ス粉体１に対しては第２図に示すように径が大きい粒子
はど数が多い粒度分布を故意に与え、金属粉体２に対し
ては第３図に示すように径が小さい粒子はど数が多い粒
度分布を故、意に与える。First, as shown in FIG. 1, ceramic powder 1 and metal powder 2 are prepared. In this case, for example, ceramic powder 1 is intentionally given a particle size distribution with a large number of large-diameter particles as shown in FIG. 2, and metal powder 2 is given a particle size distribution as shown in FIG. 3. Particles with smaller diameters therefore have a larger particle size distribution.
次に、第１図に示すように、セラミックス粉体１および
金属粉体２を型１０に入れて振動を与える。Next, as shown in FIG. 1, ceramic powder 1 and metal powder 2 are placed in a mold 10 and subjected to vibration.
セラミ、クス扮体ｌおよび金属粉体２が型１０に充填さ
れた状態においては、セラミックス粉体１の粒子間、金
属粉体２の粒子間、およびセラミックス粉体１の粒子と
金属粉体２の粒子との間には摩擦力、付着力、凝集力な
どが作用するが、これらの力に比べて粒子に働く重力が
十分大きければ、第６図に示すように粒子は力学的に最
も安定な位置までころがり落ら、逆に粒子に働く重力が
粒子間↓こ作用する力に比べて小さいと、第７図に示す
ように粒子はかさ高い構造をとり、同種の原料わ）体に
ついては、粒子に働く重力が粒子径のみによって決まり
、粒子径が大きいほど粒子に働く重力が大きくなること
から、型１０内の下部に径の大きい粒子が分布し、上部
に径の小さい粒子が分布する。When the ceramic powder 1 and the metal powder 2 are filled in the mold 10, there are gaps between the particles of the ceramic powder 1, between the particles of the metal powder 2, and between the particles of the ceramic powder 1 and the metal powder 2. Frictional force, adhesion force, cohesive force, etc. act between the particles, but if the gravity acting on the particles is sufficiently large compared to these forces, the particles are mechanically most stable, as shown in Figure 6. If the particles roll down to a certain position and the gravitational force acting on them is smaller than the force acting between the particles, the particles will form a bulky structure as shown in Figure 7. The gravity acting on the particles is determined only by the particle diameter, and the larger the particle diameter, the greater the gravity acting on the particles. Therefore, particles with large diameters are distributed in the lower part of the mold 10, and particles with small diameters are distributed in the upper part. .
巳たがって、セラミックス粉体ｌの粒子間、金属ｉ＞＞
体２の粒子間、およびセラミックス粉体１の粒子と金属
粉体２０粒子との間に作用する力が同程度であり、セラ
ミックス粉体１と金属わ）体２の比重が同程度で、セラ
ミックス粉体１と金属粉体２の間においても粒子に働く
重力が主として粒子径によって決まって粒子径が大きい
ほど粒子に働く重力が大きくなり、かつその粒子に働く
重力が粒子間に作用する力より大きければ、型１０内に
おいては、セラミックス粉体１についても、金属粉体２
についても、下部に一経の大きい粒子が分布し、」二部
に径の小さい粒子が分布する。Therefore, between the particles of ceramic powder l, metal i>>
The forces acting between the particles of the ceramic powder body 2 and between the particles of the ceramic powder body 1 and the metal powder particles 20 are approximately the same, the specific gravity of the ceramic powder body 1 and the metal powder body 2 is approximately the same, and the ceramic powder Between the powder 1 and the metal powder 2, the gravity acting on the particles is mainly determined by the particle size; the larger the particle size, the greater the gravity acting on the particles, and the gravity acting on the particles is greater than the force acting between particles If the size is large, in the mold 10, the ceramic powder 1 will also be mixed with the metal powder 2.
Also, particles with large diameters are distributed in the lower part, and particles with small diameters are distributed in the second part.
そして、セラミックス粉体Ｉは径の大きい粒子ほど数が
多い粒度分布が与えられ、金属粉体２は径の小さい粒子
はど数が多い粒度分布が与えられているので、結果的に
、型１０内においては、第４図に示すように、下部には
セラミックス粉体Ｉの径の大きい粒子が多数分布すると
ともに、上部には金属粉体２の径の小さい粒子が多数分
布し、型１０内におけるセラミックス粉体１と金属粉体
２の濃度は、第５図に示すように下部から上部にかけて
連続的に変化したものになる。型１０に振動を与えるの
は、このような濃度分布を促進するためである。Ceramic powder I is given a particle size distribution in which particles with a larger diameter have a larger number, and metal powder 2 is given a particle size distribution in which particles with a smaller diameter have a larger number.As a result, type 10 Inside the mold 10, as shown in FIG. The concentrations of the ceramic powder 1 and the metal powder 2 vary continuously from the bottom to the top, as shown in FIG. The purpose of applying vibration to the mold 10 is to promote such concentration distribution.
次に、このような濃度分布を有する型１０内のセラミッ
クス粉体１と金属粉体２の混合物を加圧成形し、熱処理
して、目的の熱応力緩和材を得る。Next, the mixture of the ceramic powder 1 and the metal powder 2 in the mold 10 having such a concentration distribution is pressure-molded and heat-treated to obtain the desired thermal stress relaxation material.
したがって、得られた熱応力緩和材は、セラミックスと
金属の組成が第５図に示すように一面側から他面側にか
けて連続的に変化したものになる。Therefore, the obtained thermal stress relieving material has a ceramic and metal composition that changes continuously from one side to the other side as shown in FIG.
上述した例とは逆に、セラミックス粉体に対しては径が
小さい粒子はど数が多い粒度分布を与え、金属粉体に対
しては径が大きい粒子はど数が多い粒度分布を与えても
よい。もちろん、この場合には、セラミ’）クス粉体お
よび金属粉体を型に入れて振動を与えた状態においては
、上述した例と同一の条件のもとで、第４図とは逆に、
型内の下部には金属粉体の径の大きい粒子が多数分布す
るとともに、１部にはセラミックスわ）体の径の小さい
粒子が多数分布し、型内におけるセラミックスわ）体と
金属粉体の濃度分布は、第５図とは逆になる。Contrary to the above example, ceramic powder is given a particle size distribution in which particles with a small diameter have a large number of particles, and metal powders are given a particle size distribution in which particles with a large diameter have a large number of particles. Good too. Of course, in this case, when the ceramic powder and the metal powder are placed in a mold and subjected to vibration, under the same conditions as in the above example, contrary to Fig. 4,
In the lower part of the mold, a large number of particles of metal powder with a large diameter are distributed, and in a part of the mold, a large number of particles with a small diameter of a ceramic body are distributed. The concentration distribution is opposite to that shown in FIG.
なお、セラミックスわ）体および金属粉体に与える粒度
分布は第２図および第３図に示すよ・）な直線的なもの
でなくてもよい。Note that the particle size distribution given to the ceramic body and the metal powder does not have to be linear as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
また、この発明は、熱応力緩和材として用いられる上述
した例のような傾斜機能材に限らず、般に互いに特性の
異なる二種または三種以上の原料の組成の連続的な変化
によって傾斜機能を発現する傾斜機能材を製造する場合
に広く適用することができる。Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to functionally graded materials such as the above-mentioned examples used as thermal stress relieving materials, but in general, functionally graded materials can be obtained by continuously changing the composition of two or more types of raw materials having different characteristics. It can be widely applied to the production of functionally graded materials.
「発明の効果」
上述したように、この発明によれば、簡単な方法により
、複数種の原料の組成が一面側から他面側にかけて、よ
り連続的に変化した傾斜機能材を確実に得ることができ
る。"Effects of the Invention" As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to reliably obtain a functionally graded material in which the composition of multiple types of raw materials changes more continuously from one side to the other side by a simple method. Can be done.
第１図は、この発明の製造方法の一例に用いるセラミッ
クス粉体および金属粉体の一例をモデル的に示す図、第
２図および第３図は、そのセラミックス粉体および金属
粉体に与えられた粒度分布を示す図、第４図は、そのセ
ラミックス粉体および金属わ）体を型に入れて振動を与
えた状態での型内における粒子の分布状態をモデル的に
示す図、第５図は、その型内におけるセラミックス粉体
と金属粉体の濃度分布および得られる傾斜機能材におり
るセラミックスと金属の１４１成を示す図、第６図およ
び第７図は、その型内における粒子の動きを説明するた
めのモデル的な図、第８図は、従来の製造方法の一例に
おける一工程を示す図、第９図は、その方法によって得
られる傾斜機能月の一例におけるセラミックスと金属の
組成を示す図である。
オ １ 図
才 ２ 図
オ ３ 図
カ ４ 区FIG. 1 is a model diagram showing an example of ceramic powder and metal powder used in an example of the manufacturing method of the present invention, and FIGS. Figure 4 is a diagram showing the particle size distribution in the mold when the ceramic powder and metal body are placed in the mold and vibration is applied, and Figure 5 is a diagram showing the distribution state of particles in the mold as a model. is a diagram showing the concentration distribution of ceramic powder and metal powder in the mold and the composition of ceramic and metal in the obtained functionally graded material. Figure 8 is a model diagram for explaining the movement, and Figure 9 is a diagram showing one step in an example of a conventional manufacturing method. Figure 9 is a diagram showing the composition of ceramics and metal in an example of a gradient function moon obtained by that method. FIG. O 1 Illustration 2 Illustration O 3 Illustration Ka 4 Ward
Claims (1)
いに異なる粒度分布を与え、 次に、その複数種の原料粉体を型に入れて振動を与え、 次に、その複数種の原料粉体の混合物を加圧成形し、熱
処理する、 傾斜機能材の製造方法。(1) Deliberately give different particle size distributions to multiple types of raw material powders with different characteristics, then put the multiple types of raw material powders into a mold and apply vibrations, and then A method for producing functionally graded materials in which a powder mixture is pressure-molded and heat treated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27342289A JPH03133603A (en) | 1989-10-20 | 1989-10-20 | Manufacture of tilted functional material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27342289A JPH03133603A (en) | 1989-10-20 | 1989-10-20 | Manufacture of tilted functional material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03133603A true JPH03133603A (en) | 1991-06-06 |
Family
ID=17527679
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27342289A Pending JPH03133603A (en) | 1989-10-20 | 1989-10-20 | Manufacture of tilted functional material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03133603A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08187807A (en) * | 1995-01-11 | 1996-07-23 | Takamatsu Kikai Kogyo Kk | Unidimensionally functionally gradient structural material, manufacture thereof as well as tridimensionally functionally gradient structural material and manufacture thereof |
-
1989
- 1989-10-20 JP JP27342289A patent/JPH03133603A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08187807A (en) * | 1995-01-11 | 1996-07-23 | Takamatsu Kikai Kogyo Kk | Unidimensionally functionally gradient structural material, manufacture thereof as well as tridimensionally functionally gradient structural material and manufacture thereof |
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